Chec List Diversity of Trees and Lianas in Two Sites in the Coastal Atlantic

Diversity of trees and lianas in two sites in the coastal pecies S

João Pedro Souza-Alves 1,3*, Maria Regina de V. Barbosa 2 3 and Wm. Wayt Thomas 4 ists L Atlantic Forest of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil , Stephen F. Ferrari

1 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Cidade PUniaraíbaversitária, (PB), Brazil.CEP 58059-900. João Pessoa, Paraíba (PB), Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Caixa Postal 5065, Cidade Universitária, CEP 58051-970. João Pessoa,

3 Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Ecologia, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000. Sã[email protected] Cristóvão, Sergipe (SE), Brazil. 4 The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, 10458-5126, United States of America. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Here, we report the diversity of trees and lianas in two fragments of coastal Atlantic forest in the Brazilian state

and 28 families in the Junco forest. The diversity of lianas was similar between sites, with 16 species (10 families) being recordedof Sergipe. at We Trapsa, found and a total 11 species of 314 (9 trees families) in 86 atspecies Junco. and The 37 cluster families analyses in in thefound Trapsa distinct forest, patterns and 147 of spatial trees insimilarity 44 species for

trees and lianas, possibly reflecting differences in species richness between these two life forms. Overall, the results indicate that remnants of the Atlantic coastal forest in Sergipe still harbor a significant diversity of plant species.

DOI: 10.15560/10.4.709

Introduction Sergipe, Landim and Siqueira (2001) listed 469 species of vascular plants in a large fragment in the south, and Mittermeier et al. other studies (Vicente et al. 2005; Mendes et al. 2009; mayOne contain of thebetween 34 biodiversity one and eight hotspots percent of identified the world’s by Dantas et al. 2010; Lucena et al. 2010) pointed a varied species (Silva and Casteleti (2004), 2003) the Brazilian even though Atlantic only around Forest, number of species (114, 552, 24, 193, respectively) in 11.4% to 16% of its original cover remains (Ribeiro et al. the Serra de Itabaiana, an ecotone where Atlantic forest 2009). The northernmost extreme of this biome stretches grades into Caatinga. More recently Prata et al. (2013),

Rio Grande do Norte. Deforestation began in this region species and estimated that it represents 25% of the state’s in1,500 the kmearly along sixteenth the Atlantic century, coast shortly from aftersouthern its discovery Bahia to in the first volume of the Flora of Sergipe, treated 494 the extensive loss of habitat. This study presents new considerably during the twentieth century (Câmara 2003). dataflora. on Clearly, the diversity more studies of woody are needed,plants in especially Sergipe, based given by Portuguese explorers (Dean 1997) and intensified has been reduced to only 9% of its original extent (Santos, which are critical for the conservation of species such as In the state of Sergipe, the original Atlantic Forest cover on surveys conducted in two fragments of AtlanticCallicebus Forest et al. 2006). Nevertheless, these coimbrai Kobayashi and Langguth 1999 (Souza-Alves et 2009),fragments distributed can play an in important small (< 1000 role in ha) the andconservation isolated althe. 2011; endangered Souza-Alves Coimbra-Filho’s 2013) and the titi critically monkey, endangered fragmentsof species at(Jerusalinsky a regional scale, as they can sustain diversity yellow-breasted capuchin, Sapajus xanthosternos Wied- and turnover (Arroyo-Rodríguez et al. 2009) as well as Neuwied 1826 (Beltrão-Mendes et al. 2011).

Materials and Methods provide “steppinget al. (2012)stones″ estimated for the dispersal that approximately of organisms Study area within20,000 thespecies landscape of vascular(Anderson plants and Jenkins are found 2006). in the The study was conducted in two fragments of Forzza endemic. Surveys are available for a number of sites in 1), as part of a long-term study of the ecology of Callicebus Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome, of which around 40% are coimbraisemideciduous (Souza-Alves Atlantic 2010, Forest 2013; in Sergipe, Souza-Alves Brazil (Figure et al.

2008;the northern Amazonas Atlantic and BarbosaForest, in 2011; particular Barbosa in the et al.states 2011; of GadelhaParaíba (Oliveira-FilhoNeto and Barbosa and 2012)Carvalho and 1993; Bahia Barbosa (Thomas 1996; and 2011). One site is the Fazenda Trapsa (denominated here et al. 2008; Thomas et al. as Trapsa or FT), which is located in the municipality of 2008), although some data are also available from Alagoas Itaporanga d’Ajuda (11°12′00″ S, 37°14′0″ W) in southern (OliveiraCarvalho 1993;et al. 1997;2004), Amorim Pernambuco (Alves-Araújo et al. Sergipe, approximately 8 km from the coast. This area 2008; Melo et al. encompassingcomprises six fragments a total area of varying of approximately shapes, sizes 600 (two ha ≥ 15of 1990; Oliveira et al remaining≤ 50 ha, four forest. > 50 toIt is< 118set withinha), and an degrees anthropogenic of connectivity, matrix 2011), and Rio Grande do Norte (Freire . 2001; Cestaro and Soares 2008). For 709 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

Figure 1. Map showing the Callicebus coimbrai red outline is limit of each fragment and blue balls representing each sample plot. study sites in the Brazilian state of Sergipe: A) Fazenda Trapsa and B) Mata do Junco Wildlife Refuge. The

710 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe of abandoned pastures, reservoirs, and ponds. The relief is Results A total of 588 individuals were recorded in the 20 plots (Table 1). At Trapsa, the 318 trees represented 83 relativelyThe second flat (22.7 site is m the and Mata 96.4 do m Junco asl) and State the Wildlife soil contains Refuge species distributed in 39 families, whereas the 150 trees (denominateda significant amount here as of Junco sand andor MJ) clay in (Souza-Alves the municipality 2013). of registered at Junco were assigned to only 41 species in

(9 families) of lianas at Trapsa, and 29 individuals and theCapela primary (10°32′00″ objective S, of 37°03′30″ protecting W) the in headwaters eastern Sergipe of the 1224 families.species (8 We families) recorded at 91 Junco. individuals Only one and endangered 17 species Lagartixo(Figure 1). River This and conservation the local unitpopulations was established of Callicebus with tree species was recorded at Trapsa, Inga suborbicularis coimbrai. Junco comprises two large forest fragments, but the present survey was conducted exclusively in the largest (World Conservation Monitoring Center 1998). remnant, which covers 522 ha. The altitude varies from (Fabaceae), categorized as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of 19 species, followed by Myrtaceae (8 spp.), Sapotaceae of silt than do those of Trapsa (Souza-Alves 2013). The Fabaceae was the richest family in Trapsa, with a total surrounding113 to 172 m matrix asl and is composedthe soil has of a sugarcane higher concentration plantations richest family at Junco, with six species, followed by and subsistence plots on smallholdings. Myrtaceae(6 spp.), and (4 spp.)Malvaceae and Moraceae (4 spp.). (3 Fabaceae spp.). More was than also 50% the The two sites have different levels of anthropogenic of the families in both sites were represented by a single disturbance. The studied fragment at MJ presents species. an advanced stage of forest regeneration with mean

Trapsa,Fabaceae, where they Lecythidaceae, represented 55% Myrtaceae, of all the Sapotaceae,individuals diameter at breast height (10.7±9.7 cm) and height of recorded.and Arecaceae In Junco, were Lecythidaceae the five most comprised abundant almost families 14% at anthropogenictrees (10.7±5.1 disturbance m) higher than and at a higherTrapsa density(7.2±6.2 of cm lianas and of the individuals sampled, with Myrtaceae, Sapotaceae, 8.3±3.3 m, respectively)-1 vs that-1 atpresents MJ) (Souza-Alves a higher degree 2013). of Both sites are located within the same climate zone, slightly more than 33%. (940 ind/ha . 367 ind/ha et al. 2013), Fabaceae, and Melastomataceae together accounting for characterized by a rainy season between April and August, were the richest liana families at Trapsa. Despite classifiedand a dry as season As in the between Köppen Septembersystem (Alvares and March. The beingPolygonaceae represented (4 by species) only a andsingle Fabaceae species, (3the species) family Bignoniaceae was by far the most abundant at Trapsa, being represented by 42 individuals and, together with month.historic rainfall series in FT (2000–2010) was 127±79 mm/month and in MJ (2003–2011) was 112±100 mm/ the lianas recorded at this site. At Junco, Polygonaceae, Sampling design and analysis Bignoniaceae,Polygonaceae (27and individuals),Sapindaceae were accounted the only for 76%families of Trees and lianas were surveyed in 10 plots of 0.01 ha represented by more than a single species, each with (1 m × 100 m) at each site. The plots were established two. Here, just over 34% of the lianas recorded in the randomly to provide a representative sample of the forest plots belonged to Polygonaceae, while Malpighiaceae and composition. A minimum distance of 500 m between plots was maintained in order to avoid pseudo-replication. At The cluster analyses found distinct patterns of spatial Trapsa, the plots were distributed among all six fragments, Dilleniaceae accounted each for 17% of the total.

). At betweensimilarity these for trees two groups. (Figure In 2A) the and case lianas of trees, (Figure the 2B),two withJunco, one the plot 10 plots in each were of thedistributed two small throughout fragments the ≤ 15 largest ≥ 50 studypossibly sites reflecting were clearly the separated differences and, in in species most cases, richness the hafragment. and two Within plots in these each plots,of the fourall trees larger with ones a diameter(>50 ha at individual plots were also relatively well separated. The lianas presented no distinction between areas, with some et al andbreast registered. height (dbh) Only ≥lianas 2.5 cmrooted (Gentry within 1982) the plots and lianaswere considered.with dbh ≥ 1 cm (Gerwing . 2006) were identified plots from thedifferent same sitessite. – most notably FT4 and MJ5, and The delimitation of plant families followed APG FT6 and MJ1 – being more similar to one another than III (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009) and the dominated by two species, Eschweilera ovata and PoecilantheThe tree parviflora community, which in Trapsa together (Figure accounted 3A) was et al. 2011; for 18% of the individuals identified. None of the identification of species was based on all the available other species contributed more than 4% to the total typetaxonomic specimens literature accessible and field online guides and (Burilcomparisons with E. ovata was García-González and Alves 2011, 2012), photos of the once again the predominant species, accounting for 14%of individuals. of individuals At Juncoin the (Figuresample 3B),plots, followed by identified material in the JPB herbarium. The vouchers are Pouteria bangii, Erythroxylum squamatum and Ocotea deposited in the JPB herbarium at the Federal University canaliculata. These four species together accounted for of ParaíbaA UPGMA in João (Unweighted Pessoa, Brazil Pair with Group duplicates Method at ASE, with in 34% of the individuals identified. In fact, 45% of the Arithmeticthe Federal UniversityMean) cluster of Sergipe. analysis based on the Bray- tree species (34) recorded at Trapsa and 34% (14) at Curtis similarity index was conducted in order to verify Junco were represented by only a single individual. The abundance patterns recorded for the lianas plots via statistical software Past 3.x (Hammer et al. 2001). the floristic similarity between study sites and among were highly different (Figure 4). Two liana species711 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

—Adenocalymma comosum and Coccoloba lucidula— the state (Vicente et al. 2005; Lucena et al. 2010, Dantas et Banisteriopsis nummifera, Coccoloba lucidula, Coccoloba alrecent papers on the flora of the Atlantic Forest domain in parimensiswere predominant, and Davilla at Trapsa kunthii (Figure 4A), while four— de Sergipe (Prata et al. 2013), the present study adds an . 2010, Mendes et al. 2010, and the first volume of Flora rare. – were relatively common at Junco (Figure 4B), with all the others being relatively additional 33 species and two families to species known to Discussion occur in Sergipe’s Atlantic Forest. The predominance of Fabaceae and Myrtaceae in (Landimtree species and richnessSiqueira is 2001; consistent Santos with 2011; the Santana, findings familiesAccording can beto foundthe Lista in deSergipe. Espécies Landim da Flora and doSiqueira Brasil personalfrom previous communication) studies in and the other Atlantic states Forest of the of Brazilian Sergipe (2001)(2014), recorded1147 angiosperm 469 species species representing in 535 genera 94 families and 118 in Northeast (Pontes and Barbosa 2008). The predominance the Atlantic Forest region of Sergipe. Considering other of Fabaceae is typical of Neotropical forests (Gentry A

Figure 2. Dendrograms produced by the cluster analysis of Bray-Curtis similarity indices of species abundance of (A) trees and (B) lianas in the sample plots at Fazenda Trapsa (FT) and Mata do Junco State Wildlife Refuge (MJ), Sergipe, Brazil. 712 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

et al. 1998). The predominance of species represented by only one or two individuals is a typical scenario in tropical

species richness was much lower than that found in other seasonalforests (Thomas forests in 2008). northeastern In the Brazil specific (Araújo case and of lianas, Alves

2010; García-González 2011; Gadelha Neto and Barbosa South2012), America rain forests (Schnitzer in Ecuador and Bongers (Gentry 2002). 1991), However, Brazilian theAmazonia principal (Gerwing result in and this Fariascase was 2000), that Polygonaceaeand other areas were of more diverse at Trapsa, due to a high number of Coccoloba

of Coccoloba species in the Atlantic forest fragments in the northspecies. of García-Gonzálezthe state of Pernambuco. (2011) also found a high number The results of the present study indicate that the remnants of the coastal Atlantic forest in Sergipe still harbor a considerable diversity of plant species, which is still poorly understood and which may also be highly heterogeneous. The data reinforce the need for further inventories, not only to guarantee a better understanding of the region’s biodiversity, but also to provide reliable parameters for the development of effective conservation and management strategies.

Figure 3.

Wildlife Refuge Whittaker in Sergipe, plots Brazil.of the tree species recorded ranked in order of relative abundance at (A) Fazenda Trapsa and (B) Mata do Junco State than ten percent of the tree species at each site, and almost1988). In31% the of present the species study, represented Fabaceae contributed new records more for Sergipe, including Poecilanthe parviflora, one of the most and Lauraceae were each represented by only one tree speciesabundant at speciesJunco. Nevertheless,in Trapsa. In thecontrast, two species Erythroxylaceae recorded there (Erythroxylum squamatum and Ocotea canaliculata) were among the most abundant. The need for additional inventories in the state is further reinforced by the heterogeneity found between the two sites in the composition of their tree species, with over two-thirds of the species being exclusive to one site. The differences in species diversity are consistent relativelywith the history large, well-protected and conservation forest. of the two sites –Junco mayIn reflect general, a more the advancedspecies richness stage of successionof both trees within and a lianas found in the present study were consistent with in northeastern Brazil (Thomas 2008), except for the species-richthe values recorded forests atof othersouthern coastal Bahia Atlantic (Amorim Forest et sites al. Figure 4. 2008; Thomas et al. 2008), which are among the most diverse anywhere in the world (Mori et al. 1981; Thomas Refuge (B), Whittaker Sergipe, Brazil. plots of the liana species recorded ranked in order of relative abundance at Fazenda Trapsa (A) and Mata do Junco Wildlife

713 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

Table 1. et al. (2005), Tree Lucena and liana et al. species (2009), recorded Dantas atet al.the (2010), FazendaTrapsa Mendes etand al. Mata (2010), do PrataJunco etState al. Wildlife Refuge in Sergipe, Brazil. JPSA= J.P. Souza-Alves. Obs.: The families and species marked with an asterisk (*) are new records for the Atlantic forest of Sergipe according to Landim and Siqueira (2001), Vicente NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS (2013) and Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil (2014).VOUCHER FAMILY SPECIES LIFE FORM REGISTERED AT: NUMBER JPSA TRAPSA JUNCO Anacardiaceae Tapirira guianensis Aubl. Tree 8 3 5 Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth. Tree - 2 535 Annonaceae Guatteria cf. pogonopus Mart. Tree 1 - Xylopia frutescens Aubl. Tree 1 2 206 Apocynaceae *Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex. Müll. Arg. Tree 3 2 375343 Aspidosperma sp. Tree 1 430 Himatanthus obovatus (Müll. Arg.) Plumel Tree 5 - 285 Himatanthus sp. Tree 5 - 212 *Odontadenia lutea Liana - 1 631 Araliaceae Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire et al. Tree - 6 638 Aquifoliaceae* *Ilex affinis Gardner(Vell.) Markgr. Tree 2 - 234 Arecaceae Attalea cf. funifera Mart. Tree 11 - 84 *Bactris bahiensis Tree 8 - 23 Desmoncus sp. Liana - 2 515 *Euterpe oleracea NoblickMart. ex A.J. Hend. Tree 1 - 19 Bignoniaceae *Adenocalymma comosum (Cham.) DC. Liana 42 - 55 Tabebuia elliptica (DC.) Sandwith Tree 2 - 328 Tabebuia rosealba (Ridl.) Sandwith Tree 1 - 351 *Tabebuia stenocalyx Sprague & Stapf Tree - 3 538 Bignoniaceae 1 Liana - 1 562 Bignoniaceae 2 Liana - 1 Boraginaceae *Cordia rufescens A.DC. Tree 1 - 233 Cordia sellowiana Cham. Tree 1 - 408567 *Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi Tree 1 - 162 Burseraceae Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand Tree 5 Celastraceae Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. Tree 1 - 242 Maytenus sp. Tree - 17 62317 Chrysobalanaceae Licania littoralis Warm. Tree 5 - 326 Clusiaceae *Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. Tree - 198 Convolvulaceae *Bonamia burchellii (Choisy) Hallier f. Liana 3 - Bonamia maripoides Hallier f. Liana 17 - 88 Dilleniaceae *Davilla kunthii A. St.-Hill Liana 5 5 307186 Diospyros gaultheriifolia Mart. ex Miq. Tree 2 - 334 Erythroxylum simonis Plowman Tree 1 - 46 Ebenaceae Erythroxylum squamatum Sw. Tree - 9 Erythroxylaceae Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip Tree 1 1 280 Andira fraxinifolia Benth. Tree 1 - 156617 Fabaceae Andira sp. Tree 1 1 550 Apuleia leiocarpa Tree - 325 Bauhinia cf. acuruana Moric. Tree 1 - 365 Bauhinia sp. (Vogel) J.F. Macbr. Liana 17 - 43 Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth Tree - 1 Dioclea sp. Liana 1 - Hymenaea rubiflora Tree 3 - 53731 Inga capitata Desv. Tree 13 - 17811 *Inga suborbicularisT.D.Penn.Ducke Tree 1 - 203 Inga thibaudiana DC. Tree - 4 *Inga vera subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. Tree 1 1 Parkia pendula Tree - 2 473480 Phanera outimouta (Aubl.) L.P. Queiroz Liana 2 - 44793 *Poecilanthe parviflora (Willd.) Benth. Benth. ex H.C. Hopkins Tree 23 - 2 *Pterocarpus rohrii Vahl Tree 3 - 292 Stryphnodendron pulcherrium (Willd.) Hochr. Tree 5 - 4 *Swartizia flaemingii Raddi Tree 1 - 312 ilionoideae 1 Tree 1 - 26 ilionoideae 2 Tree 1 - 440 Fabaceae Pap Tree 2 - 340 Hernandiaceae Fabaceae*Sparattanthelium Pap botocudorum Mart. Liana 2 1 255 Humiriaceae FabaceaeSacoglottis 1 mattogrossensis Malme Tree - 1 Hypericaceae Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy Tree 1 - 165 Lauraceae Ocotea canaliculata (Rich.) Mez Tree 4 8 308475 Ocotea duckei Vattimo-Gil Tree 1 - 211 Ocotea sp. Tree 1 - 40 Lecythidaceae Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Mart. ex Miers Tree 33 21 20

714 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

Table 1. Continued. NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS VOUCHER FAMILY SPECIES LIFE FORM REGISTERED AT: NUMBER JPSA TRAPSA JUNCO *Lecythis pisonis Cambess. Tree - 35 Loganiaceae* Strychnos cf. bahiensis Liana 1 - 1 Malpighiaceae *Banisteriopsis nummifera (A. Juss.) B. Gates Liana 7- 5 552 Byrsonima sericea DC. Krukoff & Barneby Tree 4 5 91 Heteropterys nordestina Amorim Liana 2 - 291 Malpighiaceae 1 Liana 1 - Malvaceae Apeiba tibourbou Aubl. Tree 1 - 346 *Eriotheca gracilipes (K. Schum.) A. Robyns Tree 2 - 35287 *Eriotheca macrophylla (K. Schum.) A. Robyns Tree 2 - 239 *Luehea divaricata Tree 6 1 166 Luehea ochrophylla Mart. Tree - 2 565 Melastomataceae Miconia holosericea Mart. (L.) DC. & Zucc. Tree - 3 458 Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC. Tree - 464 Miconia sp. Tree 1 - 195 Mouriri sp. Tree 2 7- 86 Meliaceae Guarea sp. Tree - 1 585 Trichilia lepidota Mart. Tree 4 - 183 Moraceae *Brosimum gaudichaudii Tree - 1 481 Brosimum guianensis (Aubl.) Huber Tree - 1 543 *Sorocea guilleminiana Gaudich.Trécul Tree - 1 582 Myrtaceae Campomanesia dichotoma (O. Berg.) Mattos Tree - 456 Eugenia cf. excelsa O. Berg Tree 11 - 39 Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. Tree 3 7- 80 Myrcia decorticans DC. Tree - 6 524 Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC. Tree 1 4 364 Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC. Tree 4 - 241 Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC. Tree 5 3 205 Psidium guajava L. Tree 1 - 191 Myrtaceae 1 Tree 2 - 41 Myrtaceae 2 Tree 4 - Nyctaginaceae Guapira obtusata (Jacq.) Little Tree 2 4 202 Guapira opposita (Vell.) Reitz Tree 2 5 157 Ochnaceae Ouratea cuspidata Tree 1 - 45 Olacaceae Olacaceae 1 Tree 1 - 29724 Peraceae Chaetocarpus myrsinites (A.St.-Hil.) Baill. Engl. Tree 6 - Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers. ex Benth. Tree 11 - 51 Picramniaceae Picramnia bahiensis Turcz. Tree 1 - 29679 Picramnia sp. Tree - 3 Polygonaceae Coccoloba laevis Casar. Liana 5 - 56 Coccoloba lucidula Benth. Liana 15 5 58796 *Coccoloba paraensis Meisn. Liana 3 - 8 *Coccoloba parimensis Benth. Liana 3 5 303 Coccoloba rosea Meisn. Tree 2 - 44 *Coccoloba striata Benth. Liana 1 - Proteaceae *Roupala paulensis Sleumer Tree 1 - Rubiaceae Alseis sp. Tree 1 - 1709 *Cordiera myrciifolia (K. Schum.) C.H. Perss. & Delprete Tree 1 - 210376 Guettarda cf. platyphylla Müll. Arg. Tree - 1 492 *Guettarda viburnoides Cham. & Schltdl. Tree 12 - 310 Salicaceae Casearia sp. Tree 1 - 83 Sapindaceae Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil. ) Hieron. ex. Niederi. Tree 2 2 124 Cupania impressinervia Acev.-Rodr. Tree 2 34 Serjania paucidentata DC. Liana - 1 606 Sapindaceae 1 Liana 7- 1 Sapotaceae Manilkara salzmannii (A. DC.) H.J. Lam Tree 6 1 306 *Pouteria bangii (Rusby) T.D. Penn. Tree 8 11 57916 Pouteria gardneri (Mart. & Miq.) Baehni Tree 3 - 121 Pouteria venosa (Mart.) Baehni Tree 3 - 33 Pouteria sp. Tree 4 - 12 Sapotaceae 1 Tree 1 - 144 Solanaceae Solanum sp. Tree - 3 586 Simaroubaceae *Simaba cedron Planch. Tree 2 - 281 Urticaceae Cecropia pachystachia Tree 2 - Cecropia sp. Tree - 1 599 Vitaceae Cissus erosa Rich. Trécul Liana 3 1 289171

715 Souza-Alves et al. | Tree and liana diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Sergipe

Acknowledgments: Bioscience ). researcher fellowship We(Science are Without grateful Borders) to CAPES for (PDSE WWT, –CNPq Process for 2012. New Brazilian floristic list highlights conservation challenges. no. 1064/51-2) for a graduate stipend to JPSA and a special visiting Natal. Acta 62: Botânica 39–45 Brasiliensis (doi: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.1.8 GadelhaFreire, M.S.B. Neto, 1990.P.C. and Levantamento M.R.V. Barbosa. florístico 2012. Angiospermas do Parque das trepadeiras, Dunas de supporting JPSA (Postdoctoral Fellowship: Process no. 163414/2013- 4: 41–59. 0), SFF (Processes no. 302747/2008-7 and 476064/2008-2) and MRVB Revista Nordestina de Biologia (Processes no. 307648/2010-9 and 562310/2010-0), the International epífitas e parasitas da MataDiversidade do Buraquinho, e abundância João Pessoa, de lianas Paraíba. em Primatological Society, and the U. S. National Science Foundation uma área de floresta Atlântica 21: semidecidual 81–92. ao norte do estado de (DEB-0946618) for financial support. The Sergipe State Environment García-González,Pernambuco J.D. 2011. andSecretariat his family, (SEMARH) Adriano Rodrigues provided (Xinxinho) additional and logistic Marcelo support. Silva, Wefor their also Pernambuco. 98 pp. thank Sr. Ary Ferreira, owner of the Fazenda Trapsa, José Elias (Boía) . MSc. Dissertation. Recife: Universidade Federal de assistance during fieldwork. García-González,The Field J. Museum, and M. Rapid Alves. Color 2011. Guide Common 283. lianas, Atlantic Rain Literature Cited Forest, Igarassu, Pernambuco, Brazil: Lianas stems of the Usina São José. Meteorologische García-González,Mata Atlântica. J. and The M. Field Alves. Museum, 2012. RapidTrepadeiras Color Guide e Lianas 305. da Usina São Alvares,Zeitschrift C. A., J. L. Stape, P. C Sentelhas, J. L. M Gonçalves and G. Sparovek.). Gentry,José, A.H. Mata 1982. Atlântica, Patterns Pernambuco, of neotropical Brasil: Trepadeirasplant species e Lianasdiversity. da Alves-Araújo,2013. Köppen’s A., D. climateAraújo, classification J. Marques, A.map Melo, for Brazil. J.R. Maciel, J. Uirpuã, Evolutionary Biology 22: 711–728 (doi: 10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507 Gentry, A.H. 1988. Tree species richness of upper Amazonian forests. Proceedings of the National 15: 1–84. Academy of Sciences Pernambuco,T. Pontes, M.F.A. Northeastern Lucena, A. Brazil. Bacage Bioremediation, and M. Alves. Biodiversity 2008. Diversity and Gentry, A.H. 1991. The distribution and evolution of climbing plants; Bioavailabilityof angiosperms in fragments of Atlantic Forest in the state of The85(1): biology 156–159. of vines.

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