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Nomenclator Botanicus for the Neotropical Genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae)

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Nomenclator Botanicus for the Neotropical Genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) Phytotaxa 106 (1): 1–171 (2013) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press Monograph ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.106.1.1 PHYTOTAXA 106 Nomenclator botanicus for the neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) RENATO GOLDENBERG1, FRANK ALMEDA2, MAYARA K. CADDAH3, ANGELA B. MARTINS3, JULIA MEIRELLES3, FABIAN A. MICHELANGELI4 & MARKUS WEISS5 1 Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Botânica, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil; [email protected] 2 Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; [email protected] 3 Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. 4 The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458, USA. 5 Information Technology Center, Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany. Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by Eve Lucas: 13 May 2013; published: 6 June 2013 Renato Goldenberg, Frank Almeda, Mayara K. Caddah, Angela B. Martins, Julia Meirelles, Fabian A. Michelangeli & Markus Weiss Nomenclator botanicus for the neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) (Phytotaxa 106) 171 pp.; 30 cm. 6 June 2013 ISBN 978-1-77557-192-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-193-3 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2013 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ © 2013 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1179-3155 (Print edition) ISSN 1179-3163 (Online edition) 2 • Phytotaxa 106 (1) © 2013 Magnolia Press GOLDENBERG ET AL. Table of contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Aknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................... 7 References ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7 LIST 1. "Nomenclator botanicus" for all published names of Miconia............................................................................. 11 LIST 2. Species of Miconia organized by section ...........................................................................................................129 LIST 3. Species of Miconia by country, with respective vouchers.................................................................................. 140 LIST 4. Miconia names synonymized under other genera ............................................................................................. 168 Abstract Miconia has 1057 species and is the largest genus of woody flowering plants with a distribution restricted to tropical America. These species occur from Mexico (79 spp) to Argentina (10) and Uruguay (1), and attain highest richness in Colombia (338 spp), Peru (302), Brazil (274), Ecuador (254) and Venezuela (212). More than half of the species belong to only three sections (Miconia with 245, Cremanium with 223, and Amblyarrhena with 212). The other sections are Chaenopleura (86 spp), Glossocentrum (82), Tamonea (71), Octomeris (59), Jucunda (23), Laceraria (19), Chaenanthera (17), Hartigia (7), and Adenodesma (6), while seven species have not been assigned to any section. In this nomenclator we attempt to enumerate all currently accepted species of Miconia with place of publication, information on types, synonymy, sectional placement, and distributional notes organized by country. Key words: geographical distribution, megadiverse genus, nomenclature, taxonomy Introduction Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (1794: 60) is the largest genus of woody flowering plants with a distribution restricted to tropical America (Goldenberg 2000; Goldenberg et al. 2008). The genus includes just under one quarter of the total 5000 + species of Melastomataceae, which are largely centered in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world (Clausing & Renner 2001). As a generic name, Miconia has been conserved (Farr et al. 1979) against Tamonea Aublet (1775: 411), Leonicenia Scopoli (1777: 212), Lieutatia Buchoz (1779: 10), and Zulatia Necker (1790: 117; see Briquet 1906, Camp. et al. 1947, and subsequent codes). Fothergilla Aublet (1775:411) is an older name, but it is illegitimate as it was also preoccupied by Fothergilla Murray (1774: 418; see Rickett & Stafleu 1960, Williams 1963). The last taxonomic revision of this genus was published in the late 19th century (Cogniaux 1891). That monumental account of the Melastomataceae treated only half of the species accepted here. Since then, Miconia has been treated mostly in regional Floras (Wurdack 1962, Wurdack 1973, Wurdack 1980, Wurdack et al. 1993, Almeda 2001, Almeda et al. 2007, Almeda 2009, Goldenberg 2009 and others) which concentrated on the delimitation and identification of large numbers of species. The very nature of these studies precluded any attempt to resolve problems involving generic circumscription and infrageneric classification. Consequently, Cogniaux (1891) was the last specialist who attempted to provide an infrageneric classification of Miconia. He divided the genus into 11 sections, based mostly on stamen morphology, but also on other features of the calyx and leaf morphology. Information on sectional placement of the 500 species described since Cogniaux’s monograph has not always appeared in the protologues of newly described species and in many cases no subsequent placement has been proposed. Distributional information for each species is also scattered despite the ongoing publication of regional floras. Each collecting expedition to the tropics results in the discovery of new taxa and expands the ranges of others. In this nomenclator we attempt to enumerate all currently accepted species of Miconia with place of publication, information on types, synonymy, sectional placement, and distributional notes organized by country. Detailed data on phylogeny, economic uses, ecology and taxonomic history of Miconia can be found in Goldenberg et al. (2008). NOMENCLATOR BOTANICUS FOR THE NEOTROPICAL GENUS MICONIA Phytotaxa 106 (1) © 2013 Magnolia Press • 3 Miconia has been regarded as “non-natural” since the 19th century (see Judd & Skean 1991 and Goldenberg et al. 2008) and, more recently, has been shown to be polyphyletic based on morphological and molecular data sets (Michelangeli et al. 2004, Goldenberg et al. 2008). The relationships between Miconia and other genera in the tribe Miconieae are still unclear. There is a growing realization among students of the Miconieae about the eventual need to recognize a single mega-genus Miconia (Michelangeli et al., in prep.) to best reflect current understanding of phylogenetic relationships of this megadiverse clade (Ionta et al. 2012). Nevertheless, the alternative (i.e. splitting the large genera, like Miconia, Leandra Raddi and Clidemia D.Don) into several smaller ones cannot be completely ruled out, but this approach would be fraught with difficulties and inconsistencies. The sections of Miconia also seem to be non-monophyletic when treated as isolated entities, albeit groups of sections can be recognized in some clades (Goldenberg et al. 2008, Judd 2007). Whatever new circumscription of the Miconieae is offered in the future, we find it timely and appropriate to publish a critical compendium on nomenclature, sectional placement and distribution of Miconia as it has traditionally been defined. This information will provide an indispensable tool for any forthcoming taxonomic realignments. Methods All data on nomenclature, sectional placement and distribution were organized in a Microsoft Access database, and later migrated to Diversity Workbench (Diversity Taxon Names 2011), an online application based at the Botanische Staatssammlung Munich, in Germany. The information on the nomenclatural aspects developed for Miconia, as well as for the rest of the family, is already available at http:// www.melastomataceae.net. The nomenclatural data assembled here are based on Index Kewensis and Gray Herbarium Card Index (both available at http://www.ipni.org), and Tropicos (http://www.tropicos.org), with later additions of recently described species. Authors and original publications were checked for each species and corrected when necessary. Validly published species and synonyms were extracted from the last monograph for the genus (Cogniaux 1891), then complemented with all new taxa and nomenclatural changes published subsequently through mid-2012 (see Goldenberg et al. 2010). Information on the
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