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INSTITUTE for POLICY REFORM Working Paper Series
339.5 • 1575 w-81 INSTITUTE • FOR POLICY REFORM • • • • WAITE MEMORIAL BOOK COLLECTION DEPT. OF AG. AND APPUED ECONOMICS 1994 BUFORD AVE. - 232 COB UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA ST. PAUL, MN 55108 U.S.A. • Working Paper Series The objective of the Institute enhance the foundation for broad based • for Policy Reform is to economic growth in developing countries. Through its research, education and training activities the Institute encourages active participation in the dialogue on policy reform, focusing on changes that stimulate and sustain economic development. At the core of these activities is the search for creative ideas that can be used to design constitutional, institutional and policy reforms. Research fellows and policy practitioners are engaged by IPR to expand • the analytical core of the reform process. This includes all elements of comprehensive and customized reforms packages, recognizing cultural, political, economic and environmental elements as crucial dimensions of societies. 1400 16th Street, NW / Suite 350 Washington, DC 20036 (202)3450 • 339.5 • 1575 w-81 INSTITUTE 0 FOR POLICY REFORM • IPR81 Federalism, Chinese Style: The Political Basis for Economic Success in China Barry Weingastl, Yingyi Qian2 and Gabriella Montinola3 * • WAITE MEMORIAL BOOK COLLECTION DEPT. OF AG. AND APPUED ECONOMICS 1994 BUFORD AVE. - 232 COB UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA ST. PAUL MN 56108 USA 0 Working Paper Series • The objective of the Institute for Policy Reform is to enhance the foundation for broad based economic growth in developing countries. Through its research, education and training activities the Institute encourages active participation in the dialogue on policy reform, focusing on changes that stimulate and sustain economic development. -
A Global Contest for Power and Influence
CHAPTER 1 U.S.-CHINA GLOBAL COMPETITION SECTION 1: A GLOBAL CONTEST FOR POWER AND INFLUENCE: CHINA’S VIEW OF STRA- TEGIC COMPETITION WITH THE UNITED STATES Key Findings • Beijing has long held the ambition to match the United States as the world’s most powerful and influential nation. Over the past 15 years, as its economic and technological prowess, dip- lomatic influence, and military capabilities have grown, China has turned its focus toward surpassing the United States. Chi- nese leaders have grown increasingly aggressive in their pur- suit of this goal following the 2008 global financial crisis and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Xi Jinping’s ascent to power in 2012. • Chinese leaders regard the United States as China’s primary adversary and as the country most capable of preventing the CCP from achieving its goals. Over the nearly three decades of the post-Cold War era, Beijing has made concerted efforts to diminish the global strength and appeal of the United States. Chinese leaders have become increasingly active in seizing op- portunities to present the CCP’s one-party, authoritarian gover- nance system and values as an alternative model to U.S. global leadership. • China’s approach to competition with the United States is based on the CCP’s view of the United States as a dangerous ideologi- cal opponent that seeks to constrain its rise and undermine the legitimacy of its rule. In recent years, the CCP’s perception of the threat posed by Washington’s championing of liberal demo- cratic ideals has intensified as the Party has reemphasized the ideological basis for its rule. -
ACROSS the TAIWAN STRAIT: from COOPERATION to CONFRONTATION? 2013–2017
VOLUME 5 2014–2015 ACROSS THE TAIWAN STRAIT: from COOPERATION to CONFRONTATION? 2013–2017 Compendium of works from the China Leadership Monitor ALAN D. ROMBERG ACROSS THE TAIWAN STRAIT: from COOPERATION to CONFRONTATION? 2013–2017 Compendium of works from the China Leadership Monitor ALAN D. ROMBERG VOLUME FIVE July 28, 2014–July 14, 2015 JUNE 2018 Stimson cannot be held responsible for the content of any webpages belonging to other firms, organizations, or individuals that are referenced by hyperlinks. Such links are included in good faith to provide the user with additional information of potential interest. Stimson has no influence over their content, their correctness, their programming, or how frequently they are updated by their owners. Some hyperlinks might eventually become defunct. Copyright © 2018 Stimson All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent from Stimson. The Henry L. Stimson Center 1211 Connecticut Avenue Northwest, 8th floor Washington, DC 20036 Telephone: 202.223.5956 www.stimson.org Preface Brian Finlay and Ellen Laipson It is our privilege to present this collection of Alan Romberg’s analytical work on the cross-Strait relationship between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan. Alan joined Stimson in 2000 to lead the East Asia Program after a long and prestigious career in the Department of State, during which he was an instrumental player in the development of the United States’ policy in Asia, particularly relating to the PRC and Taiwan. He brought his expertise to bear on his work at Stimson, where he wrote the seminal book on U.S. -
Media Commercialization and Authoritarian Rule in China
Trim: 6.125in 9.25in Top: 0.5in Gutter: 0.875in × CUUS1796-FM CUUS1796/Stockmann ISBN: 978 1 107 01844 0 August 27, 2012 20:24 Media Commercialization and Authoritarian Rule in China In most liberal democracies, commercialized media is taken for granted, but in many authoritarian regimes, the introduction of market forces in the media represents a radical break from the past, with uncer- tain political and social implications. In Media Commercialization and Authoritarian Rule in China,DanielaStockmannarguesthatthecon- sequences of media marketization depend on the institutional design of the state. In one-party regimes such as China, market-based media promote regime stability rather than destabilizing authoritarianism or bringing about democracy. By analyzing the Chinese media, Stockmann ties trends of market liberalism in China to other authoritarian regimes in the Middle East, North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the post- Soviet region. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Chinese journalists and propaganda officials as well as more than 2,000 newspaper articles, experiments, and public opinion data sets, this book links censorship among journalists with patterns of media consumption and media’s effects on public opinion. Daniela Stockmann is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Leiden University. Her research on political communication and public opin- ion in China has been published in Comparative Political Studies, Political Communication, The China Quarterly,andtheChinese Jour- nal of Communication,amongothers.Her2006 conference paper on the Chinese media and public opinion received an award in Political Communication from the American Political Science Association. i Trim: 6.125in 9.25in Top: 0.5in Gutter: 0.875in × CUUS1796-FM CUUS1796/Stockmann ISBN: 978 1 107 01844 0 August 27, 2012 20:24 ii Trim: 6.125in 9.25in Top: 0.5in Gutter: 0.875in × CUUS1796-FM CUUS1796/Stockmann ISBN: 978 1 107 01844 0 August 27, 2012 20:24 Communication, Society, and Politics Editors W. -
The Construction and Characteristics of the Theoretical System of Xi Jinping’S View of History
Philosophy Study, August 2020, Vol. 10, No. 8, 503-510 doi: 10.17265/2159-5313/2020.08.004 D D AV I D PUBLISHING The Construction and Characteristics of the Theoretical System of Xi Jinping’s View of History YU Guirong Northeastern University, Shenyang, China Xi’s historical view is a scientific theoretical system with a tight logical structure. The construction of this theoretical system follows the principles and methods of the construction of Marxist theoretical system. The theoretical features of Xi’s view of history are unity of theory and practice, unity of politics and science, unity of universality and nationality, unity of collective wisdom and individual wisdom, unity of dialectical thinking and historical thinking, and unity of history, reality, and future. Keywords: Xi Jinping, view of history, construction, logical system Xi Jinping’s view of history is the significant inheritance and development of Marxist theory of history by the central leading collective of the Party with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in the new era, and it is the Party’s fundamental viewpoint and view on history and its development as well as the basic principle and methodology for the Party to observe and study historical phenomena and problems. In the new era, to study Xi Jinping’s view of history, it is necessary to make an in-depth study and scientific exposition of the construction and characteristics of its theoretical system. The Construction of the Theoretical System of Xi’s View of History There is no doubt that the contents of Xi’s view of history are mainly put forward by Xi Jinping, with its theoretical content existing in its concrete theoretical form or text form as a natural form. -
Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 3-2005 Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis Zu Shuxian Anhui Medical University Peter J. Li University of Houston-Downtown Pei-Feng Su Independent Animal Welfare Consultant Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/socatani Recommended Citation Shuxian, Z., Li, P. J., & Su, P. F. (2005). Animal welfare consciousness of Chinese college students: findings and analysis. China Information, 19(1), 67-95. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students: Findings and Analysis Zu Shuxian1, Peter J. Li2, and Pei-Feng Su3 1 Anhui Medical University 2 University of Houston-Downtown 3 Independent Animal Welfare Consultant KEYWORDS college students, cultural change, animal welfare consciousness ABSTRACT The moral character of China’s single-child generation has been studied by Chinese researchers since the early 1990s. Recent acts of animal cruelty by college students turned this subject of academic inquiry into a topic of public debate. This study joins the inquiry by asking if the perceived unique traits of the single-child generation, i.e. self- centeredness, lack of compassion, and indifference to the feelings of others, are discernible in their attitudes toward animals. Specifically, the study investigates whether the college students are in favor of better treatment of animals, objects of unprecedented exploitation on the Chinese mainland. With the help of two surveys conducted in selected Chinese universities, this study concludes that the college students, a majority of whom belong to the single-child generation, are not morally compromised. -
Working Source List for the Current Digest of the Chinese Press Updated August 17, 2012
Working Source List for The Current Digest of the Chinese Press updated August 17, 2012 Region Title Title - pinyin Title - translation Guangdong 21世纪经济报道 21 shiji jingji baodao 21st Century Business Herald Beijing 北京商报 Beijing Shangbao Beijing Business Today Beijing 北京日报 Beijing ribao Beijing Daily Beijing 北京晚报 Beijing wanbao Beijing Evening News Beijing 北京晨报 Beijing Chenbao Beijing Morning Post Beijing 北京青年报 Beijing qingnian bao Beijing Youth Daily Beijing 中国商報 Zhongguo shang bao China Business Herald Beijing 中国经济时报 Zhongguo jingji shibao China Economic Times Beijing 中国青年报 Zhongguo qingnian bao China Youth Daily Chongqing 重庆日报 Chongqing Ribao Chongqing Daily Chongqing 重庆晚报 Chongqing Wanbao Chongqing Evening News Beijing 经济观察报 Jingji Guancha Bao Economic Observer Shanghai 第一财经日报 Diyi Caijing Ribao First Financial Daily Beijing 光明日报 Guangming ribao Guangming Daily Guangdong 廣州日報 Guangzhou ribao Guangzhou Daily Beijing 信息产业报 Xinxi chanye bao Information Industry News Shanghai 解放日报 Jiefang Ribao Jiefang Daily Jiangsu 金陵晚报 Jin Ling Wanbao Jinling Evening News Jiangsu 南京日报 Nanjing Ribao Nanjing Daily Beijing 新京报 Xinjing bao New Capital Times Jiangsu 东方卫报 Dongfang Weibao Oriental Guardian Shanghai 东方早报 Dongfang Zao Bao Oriental Morning Post Beijing 人民日报 Renmin ribao People's Daily Beijing 解放军报 Jiefangjun bao PLA Daily Qinghai 青海日报 Qinghai Ribao Qinghai Daily Beijing 科技日报 Keji ribao Science and Technology Daily Shanghai 上海城市导报 Shanghai Chengshi Dao Bao Shanghai City Herald Shanghai 新闻晨报 Xinwen Chenbao Shanghai Morning Post Guangdong 深圳特区报 Shenzhen -
Education in China Since Mao
The Canadian Journal of Higher Education, Vol. X-l, 1980 Education in China Since Mao WILLIAM G. SAYWELL* ABSTRACT Policies in Chinese education, particularly higher education, have undergone major shifts since 1949 in response to general swings in Chinese policy, ideological debates and the political fortunes of different leaders and factions. These changes have involved shifts in emphasis between "redness"and "expertness", between education as a party device designed to inculcate and sustain revolutionary values and education as a governmental instrument used to promote modernization. In the most recent period since Mao's death and the "Gang of Four's" ouster in the fall of 1976, there has been a return to pragmatism with the radical policies and stress on political goals of the Cultural Revolution period giving way to a renewed emphasis on developing professional and technical skills. These objectives are being promoted by the reintroduction of earlier moderate policies governing curricula, admission standards and academic administration and by extraordinary measures, including international educational exchanges, designed to overcome the Cultural Revolution's disruptive impact. These new policies have provoked some criticism from those concerned about elitist aspects of the current system and a reduced commitment to socialist values. Since educational policy is highly sensitive to shifting political currents, future changes in this area will serve as a barometer of new political trends. RÉSUMÉ La politique de l'enseignement en Chine, particulièrement l'enseignement supérieur, a subi des changements majeurs depuis 1949 en réponse aux va-et-vient généraux de la politique chinoise, aux débats idéologiques et à la fortune politique des différents leaders et des dissensions. -
The People's Liberation Army's 37 Academic Institutions the People's
The People’s Liberation Army’s 37 Academic Institutions Kenneth Allen • Mingzhi Chen Printed in the United States of America by the China Aerospace Studies Institute ISBN: 9798635621417 To request additional copies, please direct inquiries to Director, China Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University, 55 Lemay Plaza, Montgomery, AL 36112 Design by Heisey-Grove Design All photos licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license, or under the Fair Use Doctrine under Section 107 of the Copyright Act for nonprofit educational and noncommercial use. All other graphics created by or for China Aerospace Studies Institute E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/CASI Twitter: https://twitter.com/CASI_Research | @CASI_Research Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CASI.Research.Org LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/11049011 Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Government or the Department of Defense. In accordance with Air Force Instruction 51-303, Intellectual Property, Patents, Patent Related Matters, Trademarks and Copyrights; this work is the property of the U.S. Government. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights Reproduction and printing is subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and applicable treaties of the United States. This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This publication is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal, academic, or governmental use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete however, it is requested that reproductions credit the author and China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI). -
WATCHWORDS Reading China Through Its Political Vocabulary
JMSC Working Papers WATCHWORDS Reading China through its Political Vocabulary By Qian Gang* INTRODUCTION: Watchwords: the Life of the Party CHAPTERS: 1. Reading Deep Red: The Four Basic Principles and Mao Zedong Thought 2. Preserving Stability: Will the Party Continue to Arm Itself Against Social Unrest? 3. Political Reform: Are Its Chances Improving? 4. Total Denial and the Will to Forget: The Cultural Revolution 5. Xi Jinping on the Origins of Power: Will a New Watchword Be Born? 6. The Power of Separation: Can the Party Divide and Monitor Itself? 7. Democracy with the Doors Shut: Understanding Intraparty Democracy 8. Society Lost: The Role of Civil Society Development in China’s Politics 9. Pride and Positioning: How Top Leaders Push Their Policies, and Construct Their Legacies 10. The Mixed Bag of Socialism: What Does the Party Mean by “Special Characteristics”? CONCLUSION: The 18th National Congress Report Card Endnotes *Qian Gang is Co-Director of the China Media Project, a research project at the Journalism and Media Studies Centre at The University of Hong Kong. Best known for his tenure as managing editor of Southern Weekend, one of China’s most progressive newspapers, Qian is one of China’s foremost journalists. Qian was also the executive editor and a co-creator of “News Probe,” CCTV’s pioneering weekly investigative news program with nearly 20 million viewers. He is also the author of “The Great China Earthquake,” (Foreign Language Press, Beijing, 1989) a book that details for the first time the destruction and the human stories of 1976 earthquake at Tangshan in which 250,000 people were killed. -
The Emergence of a Land Market in China
_o(*¿-5 THE EMERGENCE OF A I"AI\D IVIARKET IN CHINA A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Jlang Bing to Department of Economics & Centre for Asia Studies The University of Adelaide Adelaide, Australia September 1994 v¡ø.JeJ \ 1Ú\5 ì Contents Contents of Chapters List of Tables List of Figures Abbreviations Research Declaration Acknowledgments Summar5r References CHAPTER I TNTRODUCTTON (P. 17) CFIAPTER 2 SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES IN THE ANALYSIS OF TFIE ECONOMICS OF CHINA'S IAND USE (p. 28) 2. r Ideological changes and the Reform of Land system (p. 2s) 2.2 Re-constructing china's Land ownership system (p. 83) 2.3 The Management of Land with and without a Land Market (P. 38) 2.4Land Prices and Land Uses (p. 42) 2 CFIAPTER 3 CHINA'S DUAL I.AND OWNER*SHIP SYSTEM AND I"AND ADMIMSTRATION (P. 50) 3.1 The Formation of Collective Ownership of Rural Land (P. 5r) 3.2 The Formation of State Ownership of Urban t and (P. 62) 3.3 The Relationship Between State Ownership of Urban Land and Collective Ownership of Rural Land (P. 66) 3.4 Issues Related to Land Ownership (P. 73) 3.5 Land Administration (P. 80) CFIAPTER 4 THE SUPPLY OF AND DEMAND FOR I.AND UNDER THE PI.ANNED ECONOIVTY SYSTEM (P. 93) 4.I The Supply of Land (P. 94) 4.2T}ae Demand for Land and Its Management (P. f 05) 4.3 The Planning and the Market: Problems with Land Supply in a Transitional Economy (P. -
Section 2: the China Model: Return of the Middle Kingdom
SECTION 2: THE CHINA MODEL: RETURN OF THE MIDDLE KINGDOM Key Findings • The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) seeks to revise the inter- national order to be more amenable to its own interests and authoritarian governance system. It desires for other countries not only to acquiesce to its prerogatives but also to acknowledge what it perceives as China’s rightful place at the top of a new hierarchical world order. • The CCP’s ambitions for global preeminence have been con- sistent throughout its existence: every CCP leader since Mao Zedong has proclaimed the Party would ultimately prove the superiority of its Marxist-Leninist system over the rest of the world. Under General Secretary of the CCP Xi Jinping, the Chi- nese government has become more aggressive in pursuing its interests and promoting its model internationally. • The CCP aims to establish an international system in which Beijing can freely influence the behavior and access the mar- kets of other countries while constraining the ability of others to influence its behavior or access markets it controls. The “com- munity of common human destiny,” the CCP’s proposed alter- native global governance system, is explicitly based on histor- ical Chinese traditions and presumes Beijing and the illiberal norms and institutions it favors should be the primary forces guiding globalization. • The CCP has attempted to use the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic to promote itself as a responsible and benevolent global leader and to prove that its model of governance is su- perior to liberal democracy. Thus far, it appears Beijing has not changed many minds, if any.