Front Matter Frontispiece Title Page and Credits Preface Contents
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
''All We Have Done, We Have Done for Freedom'': the Creole Slave-Ship Revolt (1841) and the Revolutionary Atlantic
IRSH 58 (2013), Special Issue, pp. 253–277 doi:10.1017/S0020859013000254 r 2013 Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis ‘‘All We Have Done, We Have Done for Freedom’’: The Creole Slave-Ship Revolt (1841) and the Revolutionary Atlantic A NITA R UPPRECHT School of Humanities, University of Brighton 10–11 Pavilion Parade, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 1RA, UK E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The revolt aboard the American slaving ship the Creole (1841) was an unprecedented success. A minority of the 135 captive African Americans aboard seized the vessel as it sailed from Norfolk, Virginia, to the New Orleans slave markets. They forced the crew to sail to the Bahamas, where they claimed their freedom. Building on previous studies of the Creole, this article argues that the revolt succeeded due to the circulation of radical struggle. Condensed in collective memory, political solidarity, and active protest and resistance, this circulation breached the boundaries between land and ocean, and gave shape to the revolu- tionary Atlantic. These mutineers achieved their ultimate aim of freedom due to their own prior experiences of resistance, their preparedness to risk death in violent insurrection, and because they sailed into a Bahamian context in which black Atlantic cooperation from below forced the British to serve the letter of their own law. When news of the extraordinary success of the slave revolt aboard the Creole broke in 1841, it was hailed as another Amistad. On 7 November the American slaving brig, having left Norfolk, Virginia, sailed into Nassau with 135 self-emancipated African Americans aboard. -
The Early Abolitionists of Lancaster County
The Early Abolitionists of Lancaster County, In giving a history of the Abolition movement in Lancaster county,or else- where, the question seems first to arise, what is specially meant by the term "Abolitionist." The indiscrimin- ate manner in which it was used sixty years ago against every person who in any manner sympathized with the anti- slavery movement leaves me some- what in doubt as to what phase of the subject I am supposed to treat, In fact, I am reminded very much of a speech I heard made by Thaddeus Ste- vens when yet a small boy. It was in the Congressional campaign of 1858, when Mr. Stevens was a candidate for Congress from this district. The per- oration of his speech was substantially as follows. I quote from memory: "But in answer to all this I hear one reply, namely, Stevens is an Abolition- ist. The indiscriminate manner with which the term is used, I am frank to confess, leaves me somewhat in doubt as to what is meant by it. But the venom and spleen with which it is hurled at some of us would indicate, at least, that it is a term of reproach and used only against monsters and outlaws of society. If it is meant by an Abolitionist that I am one of those terrible, heinous-looking animals with cloven hoofs and horns, such as is de- scribed in. legend and fiction, and in Milton's "Paradise Lost," I am not very handsome, to be sure, but I don't think I am one of those. -
Four Roads to Emancipation: Lincoln, the Law, and the Proclamation Dr
Copyright © 2013 by the National Trust for Historic Preservation i Table of Contents Letter from Erin Carlson Mast, Executive Director, President Lincoln’s Cottage Letter from Martin R. Castro, Chairman of The United States Commission on Civil Rights About President Lincoln’s Cottage, The National Trust for Historic Preservation, and The United States Commission on Civil Rights Author Biographies Acknowledgements 1. A Good Sleep or a Bad Nightmare: Tossing and Turning Over the Memory of Emancipation Dr. David Blight……….…………………………………………………………….….1 2. Abraham Lincoln: Reluctant Emancipator? Dr. Michael Burlingame……………………………………………………………….…9 3. The Lessons of Emancipation in the Fight Against Modern Slavery Ambassador Luis CdeBaca………………………………….…………………………...15 4. Views of Emancipation through the Eyes of the Enslaved Dr. Spencer Crew…………………………………………….………………………..19 5. Lincoln’s “Paramount Object” Dr. Joseph R. Fornieri……………………….…………………..……………………..25 6. Four Roads to Emancipation: Lincoln, the Law, and the Proclamation Dr. Allen Carl Guelzo……………..……………………………….…………………..31 7. Emancipation and its Complex Legacy as the Work of Many Hands Dr. Chandra Manning…………………………………………………..……………...41 8. The Emancipation Proclamation at 150 Dr. Edna Greene Medford………………………………….……….…….……………48 9. Lincoln, Emancipation, and the New Birth of Freedom: On Remaining a Constitutional People Dr. Lucas E. Morel…………………………….…………………….……….………..53 10. Emancipation Moments Dr. Matthew Pinsker………………….……………………………….………….……59 11. “Knock[ing] the Bottom Out of Slavery” and Desegregation: -
Black Atlantic Maritime Networks, Resistance and the American ‘Domestic’ Slave Trade’
Anita Rupprecht School of Humanities University of Brighton 10-11 Pavilion Parade Brighton East Sussex BN2 1RA Tel: 00 44 (0)1273 643084 Email: A. [email protected] Final Pre-publication Revised Version ‘Black Atlantic Maritime Networks, Resistance and the American ‘Domestic’ Slave Trade’ 1 ‘Black Atlantic Maritime Networks, Resistance and the American ‘Domestic’ Slave Trade’ Abstract This article contributes to the history of Atlantic maritime radicalism during the Age of Revolution by examining the formation and operation of maritime networks of resistance and solidarity in the context of the coastwise United States. ‘domestic’ slave trade. After 1807, the seas along the Atlantic seaboard and into the Gulf of Mexico were enclosed for the purposes of legally trans-shipping enslaved peoples from the Chesapeake to the antebellum slave markets. The Florida Straits – a densely trafficked maritime chokepoint – became a contested space shaped legally, geo-politically, and physically by the limits of slavery at sea. Rather than viewing this globally significant maritime space as primarily a site of contestation between British imperial sovereignty and US internecine national politics, this article focuses on the undercurrents of collective Black Atlantic political action, memory and connection that shaped the Straits as a trans- national maritime route from slavery to freedom from below. Introduction In 1841, just two years after the famous insurrection aboard the Spanish slave ship, the Amistad, the American brig, the Creole was plying the American coastwise trade route from Richmond, Virginia to the New Orleans slave markets. As the vessel neared the Bahama Islands, the captives took the ship and forced the crew to sail for Nassau where slavery had been abolished. -
Next Stop: Liberty
The Wall Street Journal January 17-18, 2015 Book Review “Gateway to Freedom” by Eric Foner, Norton, $26.95, 301 pages. Next Stop: Liberty New York City’s abolitionist operatives showed cunning and courage as they worked to help fugitive slaves. by David S. Reynolds In March 1849, Henry Brown, an enslaved tobacco worker in Richmond, Va., escaped to the North in dramatic fashion. Aided by a white friend, he was put inside a small crate that was shipped to Philadelphia. During the 24-hour journey, he twice almost died when he was turned upside-down. He was received in Philadelphia by the abolitionist James Miller McKim, who tapped on the container and asked, “All right?” Brown answered, “All right, sir.” When the crate was finally opened, Brown emerged, beaming, and launched into a “hymn of praise.” He was sent to New York City and then New Bedford, Mass. Soon famous as Henry “Box” Brown, he went to England, where he became a fixture on the abolitionist lecture circuit. Brown’s escape is one of many gripping tales told in Eric Foner ’s excellent “Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden Story of the Underground Railroad.” Mr. Foner’s book joins a number of previous studies—from William Still’s “The Underground Railroad” (1872) through Larry Gara ’s “The Liberty Line” (1961) to Fergus M. Bordewich ’s “Bound for Canaan” (2005)—that have taken on the challenge of resurrecting the Americans who assisted runaway slaves in their journeys to freedom. The challenge is daunting. The Underground Railroad, as its metaphorical name suggests, was a clandestine, illegal network. -
THE POLITICS of SLAVERY and FREEDOM in PHILADELPHIA, 1820-1847 a Dissertation Submitted To
NEITHER NORTHERN NOR SOUTHERN: THE POLITICS OF SLAVERY AND FREEDOM IN PHILADELPHIA, 1820-1847 A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Elliott Drago May, 2017 Examining Committee Members: Andrew Isenberg, Chair, Temple University, History Harvey Neptune, Temple University, History Jessica Roney, Temple University, History Jonathan Wells, University of Michigan, History Judith Giesberg, Villanova University, History Randall Miller, External Member, Saint Joseph’s University, History © Copyright 2017 by Elliott Drago All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the conflict over slavery and freedom in Philadelphia from 1820 to 1847. As the northernmost southern city in a state that bordered three slave states, Philadelphia maintained a long tradition of abolitionism and fugitive slave activity. Conflicts that arose over fugitive slaves and the kidnapping of free African-Americans forced Philadelphians to confront the politics of slavery. This dissertation argues that until 1847, Pennsylvania was in effect a slave state. The work of proslavery groups, namely slave masters, their agents, white and black kidnappers, and local, state, and national political supporters, undermined the ostensible successes of state laws designed to protect the freedom of African-Americans in Pennsylvania. Commonly referred to as “liberty laws,” this legislation exposed the inherent difficulty in determining the free or enslaved status of not only fugitive slaves but also African-American kidnapping victims. By studying the specific fugitive or kidnapping cases that inspired these liberty laws, one finds that time and again African-Americans and their allies forced white politicians to grapple with the reality that Pennsylvania was not a safe-haven for African-Americans, regardless of their condition of bondage or freedom. -
The Deliverance of Henry “Box” Brown and Antebellum Postal Politics
Fugitive Mail 5 Fugitive Mail: The Deliverance of Henry “Box” Brown and Antebellum Postal Politics Hollis Robbins On March 29, 1849, in Richmond, Virginia, a thirty-four-year old, 200-pound slave named Henry Brown asked two friends to pack him in a wooden box and ship it by express mail to Philadelphia. They did and he arrived alive twenty- seven hours later with a new name and a marketable story. The Narrative of the Life of Henry “Box” Brown, published months later (with the help of ghostwriter Charles Stearns), made Brown quickly famous.1 Brown toured America and England describing his escape and jumping out of his famous box. In 1850, Brown and partner James C.A. Smith added to the show a moving panorama, “The Mirror of Slavery,” depicting the horrors of slavery and the slave trade. Audiences dwindled, however, and after a dispute over money in 1851, Brown parted ways with Smith and with most of his supporters. By 1855, Brown was largely forgotten. In the last dozen years, Henry “Box” Brown’s Narrative has re-emerged to enjoy a kind of academic second act in African American Studies. Recent books and articles by Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Richard Newman, John Ernest, Jeffrey Ruggles, Daphne Brooks, Marcus Wood, and Cynthia Griffin Wolff celebrate the rich symbolism of deliverance in Brown’s story.2 As Gates writes in his forward to a recent edition of Brown’s Narrative, the appeal of the tale stems, in part, from the fact that Brown made literal much that was implicit in the symbolism of enslavement. -
6390-9257.Pdf
Retrieved from https://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/pnh [10.08.2021] Przegląd Nauk HistoryczNycH 2020, r. XiX, Nr 2 https://doi.org/10.18778/1644-857X.19.02.04 NGUYEN VAN SANG THE UNIVERSITY OF DA NANG* https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-757X Jolanta a. Daszyńska UNIVERSITY OF LODZ** https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-1296 The problem of the abolition of slavery and maritime rights on U.S. vessels with regards to British-American relations 1 in the first half of the 19th century2 Abstract. the article analyses the struggle of anglo-american relations con- nected to slaves and maritime rights on the sea from 1831 to 1842. the study is based on monographs, reports, treaties and correspondences between the two countries from the explosion of the comet case in 1831 to the signing of the Web- ster–ashburton treaty in 1842. this study focuses on three fundamental issues: the appearance of Comet, Encomium, Enterprise, Hermosa and Creole as inter- national incidents with regardsPNH to British-american relations; the view of both countries on the abolition of slavery, maritime rights as well as the dispute over issues to resolve arising from these incidents; the results of British-american diplomacy to release slaves and maritime rights after the signing of the Webster– ashburton treaty. the study found that the american slave ships were special cases in comparison with the previous controversies in bilateral relations. the american slave vessels sailed to the British colonies due to bad weather condi- tions and a slave rebellion on board. in fact, great Britain and the united states had never dealt with a similar case, so both sides failed to find a unified view regarding the differences in the laws and policies of the two countries on slavery. -
The Rise of the Indigenous Slave Trade and Diaspora from Española to the Circum-Caribbean, 1492-1542
Indian Harvest: The Rise of the Indigenous Slave Trade and Diaspora from Española to the Circum-Caribbean, 1492-1542 By Erin Woodruff Stone Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History May, 2014 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Jane G. Landers, Ph.D. Edward Wright-Rios, Ph.D. Dan Usner, Ph.D. Steven Wernke, Ph.D. Copyright © 2014 by ErinWoodruff Stone All Rights Reserved Acknowlegdements This work would not have been possible without financial support from Vanderbilt, particulary the History Department, Graduate School, and Latin American Studies Program. I am also greatly indebted to the Institute of Internal Education, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, Harvard University’s Atlantic History Seminar, and the University of Minnesota’s Program for Cultural Cooperation. I am grateful to all those I have worked with along the way who offered advice, criticism, guidance, and intellectual support. I would especially like to thank my advisor Dr. Jane Landers. She taught me invaluable personal and profession lessons, provided me with endless hours of her time, and never failed to support me. I also want to thank the rest of my committee; Dr. Edward Wright-Rios, Dr. Steven Wernke, and Dr. Dan Usner, all of whom contributed to the shape of the project and offered great, if often hard to hear criticism, from the dissertation’s inception to its completion. Outside of Vanderbilt I need to thank both Dr. Ida Altman and Dr. J. Michael Francis, both of whom read early versions of chapters, supported me at conferences, and gave me archival leads. -
Black Nativism: African American Politics, Nationalism and Citizenship in Baltimore and Philadelphia, 1817 to 1863
BLACK NATIVISM: AFRICAN AMERICAN POLITICS, NATIONALISM AND CITIZENSHIP IN BALTIMORE AND PHILADELPHIA, 1817 TO 1863 A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Andrew Keith Diemer May, 2011 Examining Committee Members: Elizabeth R. Varon, Chair, University of Virginia, History Andrew C. Isenberg, Temple University, History David Waldstreicher, Temple University, History Richard S. Newman, Rochester Institute of Technology, History © by Andrew Keith Diemer 2011 All Rights Reserved ii Abstract This dissertation is a study of free African American politics, in the cities of Baltimore and Philadelphia, between 1817 and 1863. At the heart of this black politics were efforts to assert the right of free African Americans to citizenship in their native United States. Claims on the ambiguous notion of citizenship were important to free blacks both as a means of improving their own lives and as a way to combat slavery. The dissertation begins with the organized black protest against the founding of the American Colonization Society. The contest over the notion, advanced by the ACS, that free blacks were not truly American, or that they could not ever be citizens in the land of their birth, powerfully shaped the language and tactics of black politics. The dissertation ends with the enlistment of black troops in the Civil War, a development which powerfully shaped subsequent arguments for full black citizenship. It argues that in this period, free African Americans developed a rhetorical language of black nativism, the assertion that birth on American soil and the contribution of one’s ancestors to the American nation, had won for African Americans the right to be citizens of the United States. -
AN AQUEOUS TERRITORY This Page Intentionally Left Blank an AQUEOUS TERRITORY
AN AQUEOUS TERRITORY This page intentionally left blank AN AQUEOUS TERRITORY Sailor Geographies and New Granada’s Transimperial Greater Ca rib bean World ernesto bassi duke university press Durham and London 2016 © 2016 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Amer i ca on acid- free paper ∞ Typeset in Minion Pro by Westchester Publishing Services Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Bassi, Ernesto, [date] author. Title: An aqueous territory : sailor geographies and New Granada’s transimperial greater Ca rib bean world / Ernesto Bassi. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2016023570 (print) lccn 2016024535 (ebook) isbn 9780822362203 (hardcover : alk. paper) isbn 9780822362401 (pbk. : alk. paper) isbn 9780822373735 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: Geopolitics— Caribbean Area. | Ca rib bean Area— Bound aries. | Ca rib bean Area— Commerce. | Ca rib bean Area— History. | Ca rib bean Area— Politics and government. | Imperialism. Classification: lcc f2175.b37 2017 (print) | lcc f2175 (ebook) | ddc 320.1/2— dc23 lc rec ord available at https:// lccn . loc . gov / 2016023570 Cover art: Detail of Juan Álvarez de Veriñas’s map of the southern portion of the transimperial Greater Caribbean. Image courtesy of Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain (MP-Panama, 262). TO CLAU, SANTI, AND ELISA, mis compañeros de viaje This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS acknowl edgments ix introduction: Uncovering Other Pos si ble -
The Ordeal of Cpasstnore Williamson
^Antislavery ^hCartyrdom: The Ordeal of cPasstnore Williamson N JULY 18, 1855, John H. Wheeler, United States Minister to Nicaragua, was traveling through Philadelphia en route O to New York City, where he would embark on a voyage to resume his duties in that Central American country. Accompanying Wheeler were three Virginia slaves whom he had purchased two years earlier, Jane Johnson and her sons, Daniel and Isaiah. Well aware of the antislavery sentiment existing in Philadelphia, Wheeler maintained close surveillance of his slaves, twice warning Jane that she was to talk to no one. After visiting a relative in the city, Wheeler and his party proceeded to Bloodgood's Hotel, near the Walnut Street wharf on the Delaware River. During the two-and-a-half hour wait at the hotel, Jane, disregarding her owner's orders, twice informed passing Negroes that she was a slave and desirous of her freedom. She accomplished these acts while Wheeler was eating dinner. Immediately after completing his meal, Wheeler rejoined his slaves and they then boarded the Washington, a boat upon which they were scheduled to sail at 5 :oo P.M.1 Despite Wheeler's probable expectation that once aboard his wait for departure would be a short and uneventful one, events of quite a different nature transpired. After learning of the Wheeler slaves' situation, Passmore Williamson and other Philadelphians hurried to the Washington and liberated Jane Johnson and her two sons. Williamson, a Philadelphia Quaker, catapulted to national prominence shortly thereafter when he was imprisoned in connec- tion with this rescue. His actions and the corresponding legal pro- 1 Narrative 0} Facts in the Case of Passmore Williamson (Philadelphia, 1855), 3; Case of Passmore Williamson.