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Repo-Dosen-071704095341-24.Pdf Proceedings of International Seminar Religion in Cultural Diversity: Harmonization of Religious Life Editors: I Nyoman Sidi Astawa Ni Nyoman Tantri Agung Adi SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA HINDU NEGERI TAMPUNG PENYANG PALANGKA RAYA 2016 PREFACE Om Swastyastu, Tabe Salamat Lingu Nalatai Salam Sujud Karendem Malempang, Praise to Ranying Hatalla Langit/ Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa (the Almighty God) for all blessing given to the State Hindu College of Tampung Penyang (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang) of Palangka Raya that has successfully organized the first International Seminar on “Religion in Cultural Diversity: the Harmonization of Religius life” held on Thursday, 22nd September 2016 in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The aim of the International Seminar is to achieve the harmonization of the religious life in cultural diversity through the knowledge, thoughts, ideas and strategies to avoid the conflicts related to the heterogeneous of national elements (ethnics, religious, races, culture and political ideology). Therefore, there are some selected papers of the International Seminar published in this proceeding. The State Hindu College (STAHN) of Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya congratulates the call for paper participants whose paper is finally published in this proceeding. Then, special thanks goes to Prof. Bernard T. Adeney-Risakotta, Ph.D, Dr. Samsul Maarif, MA and Kim Sang Hee, M.Th, the speakers of the International Seminar. Sincere thanks are extended to other speakers like: Prof. Drs. I Ketut Subagiasta, M.Si.,D.Phil, Mrs. Tiwi Etika, Mr. I Nyoman Yoga Segara, Mr. I Ketut Gunarta, Mrs. Farsijana Adeney-Risakotta, Mr. I Wayan Sukabawa, Mr. Mujiyono, Mr. I Putu Suarnaya, Mrs. Ervantia Restulita, Mr. Puspo Renan Joyo, Mr. I Wayan Salendra, Mrs. Ni Made Anggreni, Mr. I Wayan Wirata, Mrs. Ni Nyoman Sudiani, Mrs. Merilyn, Mr. Syahrun and Mr. Arman. Furthermore, special gratitude also expresses to the Directorate General of Hindu Counseling of Ministry of religion affairs of Republic of Indonesia for the financial contribution. Finally, special thanks are extended to the international seminar committee, all participants of the International Seminar and to all those who participated. May this proceeding give beneficial values and goodness for all. Om Santih Santih Santih Om Sahiy. Palangka Raya, September 2016 The Chairman of State Hindu College of Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya, Prof. Drs. I Ketut Subagiasta, M.Si.,D.Phil NIP. 19621219 198303 1 002 ii Table of Contents Preface (ii) Table of Contents (iii) Living in a Sacred Cosmos: Rituals, Myths, Ethics and Science in Indonesia (1) By Prof. Bernard Adeney-Risakotta The Diversity of Religion and Culture : Existence, Actualization, and Integrity (9) Perspective of Hindu Philosophy By: I Ketut Subagiasta Consideration about Religious Diversity and Religious Conflict (15) in Indonesia Through Comparing with Phenomena in South Korea: In the perspective of historical and statistical, based on previous studies By: Kim Sang Hee The Concepts of Harmony and Peace in Dayak’s Tradition (25) As Reflected in the Philosophical Values of Huma Betang By: Tiwi Etika Siwalima and Tiga Batu Tungku: (33) The Ambonese’s Local Wisdoms in Preserving the Harmony of Life By: I Nyoman Yoga Segara Strategy In Achieve Harmony Religious Life (41) Nusa DharmaTemple in Benoa, South Kuta, Badung By: I Ketut Gunarta Tuturangiana Andala: The Trust Traditional of Makassar Island in Baubau City (49) in The Middle Of Globalization By: Syahrun and Arman Building Cultural Traditions Based on Social Entrepreneurship to Strengthen (55) Religious Tolerance in Indonesia: An Experience from Yogyakarta By: Farsijana Adeney-Risakotta Hindu Concept of Plurality and Religious Harmony (63) By: I Wayan Sukabawa The Harmonization of Religious Life Within The Multiculturalism in Indonesia (73) By: Mujiyono The Dynamics of Indonesian Religion and Culture in a Global Context (80) By: I Putu Suarnaya Ritual Practice Balian Ngansak In Dayak Lawangan Community as The Way to (89) Develop Harmony Religious Life in Central Dusun, East Barito, Central Kalimantan By: Ervantia Restulita L. Sigai iii Religious Reinterpretation In The Spirit Of Postmodernism (95) Towards Indonesia Harmony By: Puspo Renan Joyo The Religious Values of Nahunan Ritual of Dayak Ngaju Community (103) In Central Kalimantan By : I Wayan Salendra Assemblies Role of Religion to Maintenance Life Inter-Religious Harmonyin Denpasar (110) By: Ni Made Anggreni Building Multicultural Values in Horizontal Conflicts (115) in Society of Lombok West Nusa Tenggara By: I Wayan Wirata The Tower Of Babel Episode: From Accursed To God’s Multiculturalism Blessing (120) (an Exegetical Study of Genesis 11 : 1 – 9) By: Merilyn Rejang Dance as Media of Spiritual Intelligence Development on Early Childhood (128) (Towards Harmonious Religious Life) By: Ni Nyoman Sudiani iv Living in a Sacred Cosmos: Rituals, Myths, Ethics and Science in Indonesia By: Bernard Adeney-Risakotta Abstract This paper is structured around four Indonesian stories, each of which illustrates a different way of knowing and practicing truth in everyday life. The first story is of a man who performed traditional rituals to gain strength from the spirit of his grandmother to fight injustice. The second is a traditional myth of a young woman married to a mountain god to ensure blessing and fertility for her village. The third story is of two Muslim, Madurese men whose ethical practices led them to expand their understanding of religious and ethnic solidarity. The fourth story is of how villagers struggled to understand the meaning of a major natural disaster, utilizing ritual, myth, religious ethics and modern science. The paper suggests that local traditions, religion and modern science are all symbol systems which can be used or misused for good or evil. The paper suggests that Indonesians are influenced by mimetic, mythic, ethical and theoretic modes of cognition, symbolized by the Axial civilizations of China, India, the Middle East and Europe. All four of these modes of knowing are needed to confront the crises of late modernity. Religious education in Indonesia has an urgent task to form religious leaders who are not dominated by scientific rationality, religious dogma, ethnic myths or traditional rituals, but rather by a creative, contextualized combination of them all. Introduction I am interested in the “frontiers” between different religions and how religions influence each other. This is partly because I am the product of multiple cultures and religions. My Father was English and my Mother was American. But I was born in China and have lived most of my life in Asia. I first visited Indonesia in 1972 and moved here permanently, 25 years ago, in 1991. Most of my education has focused on the study of religions and politics in Asia. Like many people, I am disturbed by conflicts between religious communities and wonder if Indonesia, my adopted nation, might provide an example of how religious communities can live together, not only in peace, but in genuine respect and honor for each other. I am a Christian, but one of the things I love about Indonesia is that it provides me with continuous opportunities to learn from other religious communities. Therefore I was delighted to be invited to this conference and look forward to learning a lot about Kaharingan and the religions practiced in Central Kalimantan. This paper uses stories to illustrate different ways Indonesians think about reality, including rituals to maintain balance in the cosmos, myths which are stories to maintain harmony, ethical judgements on right and wrong and scientific rationality to understand nature. Indonesians have created a unique civilization unlike any other in the world, in part because Indonesia is influenced by centuries of interaction with China, India, the Middle East and Europe. All the cultures and religions of Indonesia use all four ways of thinking: ritual, myth, ethics and modern science. But some emphasize one way of thinking more than another. A key for inter-religious harmony is for all religious communities to respect and learn from each other in their different ways of knowing. Last year my wife, Farsijana, and I were in Bali. Our niece, who lives there, took us to a lovely beach called Tegalwangi, “Fragrant place.” It’s also known as Hidden Beach. We had to hike down a steep path to reach the beach which included fine golden sand interspersed with sharp volcanic rocks. Because she was impressed with the beauty of the place, Farsijana started filming as she hiked down the path and continued after she reached 1 the beach. We went on ahead. While filming she was unaware that a huge wave was coming. The wave swept her off her feet and flung her against the rocks. Her face crashed into the jagged rocks and she felt great pain. She felt like her whole face was smashed in. After recovering her feet she was surprised to learn that she was fine. She just had a few mild scratches. Even more surprising, she found that after she was “kissed” (dicium) by the rock, suddenly she smelled (mencium) a wonderful fragrance. None of us smelled the beautiful smell of Tegalwangi (the Fragrant place), but Farsijana smelled it after being kissed by the rocks. From a rational, scientific point of view, I assumed that either her active imagination was at work, suggested by the name of the beach, or that perhaps the shock of the wave and the knock on the head somehow cleared her sinuses so that she could smell the natural fragrance of the place. I was just glad she was not badly hurt. A few days later, we were leading a seminar at the Institute Hindu Dharma Negeri (IHDN) in Denpasar and Farsijana shared the story of her experience. One of the Balinese Hindu professors who attended, had another explanation of what happened. He explained that our bodies contain all the elements which occur in nature, including the elements in rocks and in fragrances.
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