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Archaeology Worldwide – Volume Five – Berlin, June 2017 – DAI 2017 • If we want to preserve 1 ARCHAEOLOGY our cultural heritage, DWIDE 1 • 2017 L WORLDWIDE we need your support. Magazine of the German Archaeological Institute OGY WOR L AEO H ARC T WG Archaeology Worldwide – volume five – Berlin, June 2017 – DAI Here’s how to help: WWW.TWGES.DE Gesellschaft der Freunde des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts TheodorW iegand Gesellschaft e. V. Wissenschaftszentrum Bonn Ahrstraße 45, 53175 Bonn Photo: Mechelke Nadja Kajan Tel.: +49 228 30 20 The “Great Temple” of Yeha in Ethiopia, built in Southern Arabian style by migrants from Saba Fax: +49 228 30 22 70 in what is today Yemen, is the most important pre-Christian religious building in the north part [email protected] of the Horn of Africa. After consolidation and restoration work on the masonry was completed and a steel support structure was fitted, the historically significant monument was reopened to TheodorW iegand Gesellschaft the public in spring 2017 as one of Ethiopia’s prime tourist destinations. Deutsche Bank AG, Essen Since the building is still seen as a sacred place, all the restoration measures were discussed with IBAN DE20 3607 0050 0247 1944 00 and approved by the priesthood and the local population. More on page 10 in the article TITLE STORY BIC DEUTDEDEXXX “Rescuing a monument. Successful restoration work at the Great Temple of Yeha” in the Cultural or Heritage section. Bonner Sparkasse, Bonn IBAN DE88 3705 0198 0029 0058 08 BIC COLSDE33XXX DECISION MAKING Y DECISION MAKING Your donations are R tax-deductible. sto E L Archaeological evidence of social complexity it Thank you! T C U LTURA L H E R I TAG E LANDSCAPE PANORAMA Rescuing a monument Istanbul Plant communities www.dainst.org Successful restoration work History of an urban How the sweet potato changed at the Great Temple of Yeha environment the world a bit too Archaeology worldwide Places visited in this issue: Yeha. Ethiopia. Cultural Heritage, page 10 Rome. Italy. Title Story, page 58, page 64 and page 67 Istanbul. Turkey. Landscape, page 30 Morocco. Everyday Archaeology, page 76 Rome. Italy. The Object, page 40 Lisbon. Portugal. Location, page 84 Greece. Title Story, page 44 and page 48 Pernil Alto. Peru. Panorama, page 86 Metaponto. Italy. Title Story, page 52 CO V E R P H OTO The Roman imperial palace on the Palatine still remains one of the defining architectural landmarks of the city of Rome. The hill was always a place where money and influence was concentrated, but under 2,000 YEAR OLD TEXTILES, GOLD ORNAMENTS, FINE CERAMIC ART Emperor Augustus (63 BC to AD 14) it went through a phase of AND GRAVE GOODS unsurpassable aggrandizement. The Palatine was the residence of Photos: Museo de Arqueología, Antropología e Historia del Perú; MALI the emperors of Rome. Just like their counterparts today, decision- makers of the ancient world knew that important matters were best settled in pleasant surroundings – like the “Sunken Peristyle” in the Domus Augustana, a low-lying courtyard with a pool of water framed by shady porticos. THE PERISTYLE AS IT MAY HAVE LOOKED Reconstruction: Lengyel Toulouse Architekten EDITORIAL EDITORIAL DEAR READERS, Decision-making processes are an impor- such a way that the departments and tant characteristic of social complexity. commissions should all be advised by That is true as much for ancient cultures as advisory boards on the matter of strate- for our own times. Research, too, is a con- gic decisions and the future develop- stant blend of well founded analysis and ment of their research work. In so doing careful deliberation. The choice of loca- they will adhere to a recommendation tion for an archaeological dig or choosing by the German Council of Science and an object of research is dependent upon Humanities (Wissenschaftsrat) in its eva- transparent and well considered decision- luation of the DAI. making processes. And also while a con- crete project is in progress, decisions have Since structural development of this kind Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Friederike Fless to be constantly taken, moderated and should be well conceived, in this issue President of the German Archaeological meaningfully implemented. Decisions of the magazine we take a look at the Institute about investigation methods and docu- diversity of decision-making processes Photo: Kuckertz mentation techniques in particular have possible in the ancient world (Title Story). a significant role to play. Even though we are naturally concerned with differences, in view of the great time As the biggest German research institute intervals, we discover here and there that operating in the archaeological sciences similarities in fact sometimes predominate. and the study of the ancient world, the German Archaeological Institute is itself How lengthy and involved decision- a complex, many-branched organization making processes in various research in which decision-making processes take projects can be is illustrated by a feature place in negotiation and consultation and on a project in Morocco in the section with the consensual support of all parties “Everyday Archaeology”. And how archae- involved. ologists’ decisions can be made in con- formity with the preferences of people in Diversity in research activities and in the our host countries can be seen in a report organizational structure is one of the on the rescue of a monument in Ethiopia strengths of the DAI. Still we are constant- in the section “Cultural Heritage”. ly looking to embed more expertise from different regions and disciplines in our It’s an easy decision for me to commend institute in order to be able to face the this issue of our magazine to you and to challenges of a world that is getting hope you enjoy reading it! ever more complex. And to consolidate these strengths, it has been unanimously decided by the DAI’s governing bodies to modify the institute’s structure in Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Friederike Fless ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE _ 01 CULTURAL HERITAGE 4 NEWS RESCUING A MONUMENT 10 CULTURAL HERITAGE Successful restoration work at the Rescuing a monument – Successful restoration work Great Temple of Yeha at the Great Temple of Yeha S NT 10 E 18 FOCUS CONTENTS Living Environments – CONT The DAI and geosciences 26 STANDPOINT Transparent decisions – The Archaeological Heritage Network and NEWS “Zero Hour – A Future for the Time after the Crisis” J4OHAnn JOACHIM 30 LANDSCApe LANDSCApe WINCKELMAnn Istanbul – History of an urban environment 30 IsTAnbUL Anniversary celebrations History of an urban environment 40 THE OBJECT War of Words – Bismarck intervenes TITLE STORY 42 Decision Making – Archaeological evidence of complex societies 44 The Power of the Oracle – Decisions taken high up 48 Ostracism – A collective ritual as an instrument for political decision making 42TITLE STORY 52 A Place of Assembly – The ekklesiasterion of Metapontum 58 Centre of Power – DECISION MAKING The imperial palaces on the Palatine 64 Seats of Judgement – Where cases were heard in the Archaeological evidence Roman Republican and Imperial periods of social complexity 67 A Day in the Arena – Exerting influence through “bread and circuses” 72 PORTRAIT Hans-Joachim Gehrke and Peter Funke EVERYDAY ARCHAEOLOGY 76 EVERYDAY ARCHAEOLOGY African Trail – AfRICAN TRAIL Decisions in difficult terrain Decisions in difficult terrain 76 84 LOCATION Archaeology in Portugal – PANORAMA The Lisbon research unit of the Madrid Department PLANT 86 PANORAMA COmmUNITIES Plant Communities – How the sweet potato How the sweet potato changed the world a bit too changed the world 86 92 MASTHEAD a bit too 02 _ ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE _ 03 Illustration of the Palatine: Lengyel Toulouse Architekten Photo: DAI Head Office S W NEWS E N Johann Joachim Winckelmann Anniversary celebrations BERLIN On 5 December, Winckelmann will be jointly commemorated by the Archaeological Society of Berlin and the DAI. A special commemorative lecture will be held by Adolf H. Borbein. WEIMAR In Weimar on 6 April 2017, Prof. Dr. Ortwin Dally, First Director of the Rome Department, held a speech at the opening of the exhibition “Winckelmann. Antike Moderne”. MADRID Photo: DAI Head Office The Madrid Department of the DAI will organize a conference in cooperation Photo: DAI Madrid Few people have Painting by Anton with the Real Academia de la Historia and the Real Academia de Bellas Artes in influenced our Raphael Mengs. Photo: Madrid in autumn 2017. It will be entitled “La recepción del legado de Johann perception of antiquity Metropolitan Museum Joachim Winckelmann en occidente: Hispania y Centroamérica” (i.e. The reception so much as of Art, online collec- of Winckelmann ’s legacy in the west: Hispania and Central America). Then in the JOHANN JOACHIM tion. CC0 1.0 second half of October 2018 a conference will take place in Madrid on the subject WINCKELMANN. “Winckelmann, Classical Archaeology and Iberoamerica”. The organizers will be the Real Academia de la Historia, the Madrid Department of the DAI and the Winckelmann Society of Stendal. The conference will consider Johann He is regarded as the with the Vatican Mu- Joachim Winckelmann's effect on the development of archaeology in founder of Neoclassi- seums and the Casa Central and Southern America. It follows a previous conference held cism in the German- di Goethe, the Rome on 20 June 2017 in Madrid. speaking world – the Department of the son of a shoemaker DAI will organize a ATHENS from a small town in Sa- series of lectures under At a Winckelmann commemoration at the Athens xony-Anhalt. Patronage the title “Johann Joachim Department to take place on 15 December 2017, by the Schönebeck Foun- Winckelmann (1717–1768): Adolf H. Borbein will give a speech on dation enabled him as a a pheno-menon of Euro- Winckelmann's conception of young man to pursue an pean reception”. Greek art.
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