DOCSLIB.ORG

Archaic Eretria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Archaic Eretria ARCHAIC ERETRIA This book presents for the first time a history of Eretria during the Archaic Era, the city’s most notable period of political importance. Keith Walker examines all the major elements of the city’s success. One of the key factors explored is Eretria’s role as a pioneer coloniser in both the Levant and the West— its early Aegean ‘island empire’ anticipates that of Athens by more than a century, and Eretrian shipping and trade was similarly widespread. We are shown how the strength of the navy conferred thalassocratic status on the city between 506 and 490 BC, and that the importance of its rowers (Eretria means ‘the rowing city’) probably explains the appearance of its democratic constitution. Walker dates this to the last decade of the sixth century; given the presence of Athenian political exiles there, this may well have provided a model for the later reforms of Kleisthenes in Athens. Eretria’s major, indeed dominant, role in the events of central Greece in the last half of the sixth century, and in the events of the Ionian Revolt to 490, is clearly demonstrated, and the tyranny of Diagoras (c. 538–509), perhaps the golden age of the city, is fully examined. Full documentation of literary, epigraphic and archaeological sources (most of which have previously been inaccessible to an English-speaking audience) is provided, creating a fascinating history and a valuable resource for the Greek historian. Keith Walker is a Research Associate in the Department of Classics, History and Religion at the University of New England, Armidale, Australia. ARCHAIC ERETRIA A political and social history from the earliest times to 490 BC Keith G.Walker LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 2004 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2006. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” © 2004 Keith G.Walker All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this title has been requested ISBN 0-203-49108-4 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-57128-2 (Adobe e-Reader Format) ISBN 0-415-28552-6 (Print Edition) This work is dedicated with gratitude and love to Geoff Cooke amico socioque carissimo; without your patience, help and encouragement it could never have been completed CONTENTS List of illustrations vii Preface x Documentation and conventions xii Acknowledgements xi v 1 The geography of Euboia and the Eretrias 1 2 Prehistory, mythology and cult: the earliest inhabitants of Euboia from the late Neolithic Age to the end of the Mycenaean Age 27 3 Old Eretria (Lefkandi) during the Dark Ages and early Iron Age (c. 1050 to c. 750) 72 4 Eretria from c. 825 to c. 650 89 5 Eretria: its history in the wider Greek world during the seventh and early sixth centuries 139 6 Eretria: emergent ‘great power’ of the mid-sixth century 178 7 The tyranny of Diagoras (c. 538–509) 201 8 The Eretrian democracy (c. 509–490) 228 9 Eretria in the 490s 260 10 Epilogue 277 Appendix 1: Chronological tables and notes 279 Appendix 2: Minoan notes 282 Appendix 3: The Kypselidai, Theognis and the low chronology 284 Appendix 4: The source of Strabo’s description of the Amarynthos stele (10, 1, 10, c. 448) 286 Appendix 5: Corinth in central Greece (519–506) 289 Bibliograhy 291 Index locorum 315 General index 322 Index of authors 344 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Maps 1 Euboia 1 2 The Eretrias 2 3 The site of Lefkandi 73 4 Site location plan of Archaic Eretria 95 Figures 1.1 The Euripos narrows and the old swing bridge at Khalkis 3 1.2 Hot springs erupting at the site of the ancient spa on the coast at Aidepsos 3 1.3 The ancient pass between Khalkis and Kerinthos 4 1.4 Cape Artemision and the Straits of Oreoi 5 1.5 The Throne of Hera at the summit of Mt Dirphys 5 1.6 Barley and vegetable crops on the Lelantine Plain near Myktas 6 1.7 The Kerinthos Plain near Mantoudhi 7 1.8 The dry bed of the River Lelas at Vasilikon in summer 8 1.9 View of Khalkis and the Euripos from the mainland 9 1.10 View of Karystos and its harbour from the Venetian castro on the slopes of Mt Okhe 10 1.11 The bed of the Boudoros in spring; levée banks protect against flash- flooding 11 1.12 Flowering Cercis siliquastrum (Judas tree) against a background of fir and pine forests, central Euboia 12 1.13 Forests of fir (Abies alba and A. cephalonica) 13 1.14 Eretrian tetradachm c. 550–11 BC, with gorgoneion and bull’s/cow’s head, in the British Museum 13 1.15 Mt Olympos from the site of the gymnasion at Eretria 16 1.16 Rugged mountain and valley near Avlonari in the Eretrias 17 1.17 The Eretrian (Amarynthian) Plain from the southern slopes of the acropolis of Eretria 17 1.18 The ‘acropolis’ of Dystos from the drained lake bed 18 1.19 The stone quarry on the north-east slope of the Eretrian acropolis 19 1.20 (a) The kalos inscription high on the cut face of the acropolis quarry: 20 (sixth century); (b) detail of the kalos inscription with the visible letters emphasised 2.1 The Xeropolis headland, Lefkandi, the site of the prehistoric settlement, from the west bay 45 2.2 The headland of Palaioekklisies, thought to be the site of prehistoric Amarynthos 48 3.1 Animal-style LH IIIC pyxis from Lefkandi, Eretria Museum 74 3.2 The ‘Ship Vase’ (globular pyxis) 850–25 BC from Lefkandi, Eretria Museum 76 3.3 Line drawing of the ship vase 77 3.4 The Centaur of Lefkandi, Eretria Museum 78 3.5 The MPG ‘Archer Hydria’ from Lefkandi, Eretria Museum 80 3.6 View from Xeropolis Hill over the east bay, towards the acropolis of Eretria and Mt Olympos 84 4.1 The Eretrian Plain—orchards and cropland on shallow limestone soils 94 4.2 The ashlar Hellenistic north-west acropolis wall tower 97 4.3 The acropolis from near the West Gate 98 4.4 View over Eretria from the acropolis hill showing the harbour, the city delta plain, etc. 98 4.5 The bridge at the West Gate 101 4.6 Fine-fitting archaic polygonal masonry at the West Gate 101 4.7 The channel of the western stream and the ashlar masonry of the western section of the enceint wall, which served also as a retaining wall 102 4.8 Polygonal masonry of the acropolis wall 103 4.9 The author at the site of the temenos of Apollo Daphnephoros 104 4.10 The temenos site 104 4.11 The small Thesmophoreion on the slopes of the acropolis 106 4.12 Bronze burial cauldrons from the heroön site, Eretria Museum 108 4.13 Geometric burial amphora from the south-west cemetery, Eretria Museum 109 4.14 Burial amphoras from the south-west cemetery 110 6.1 The Laws of Eretria (IG XII 9, 1273/4) 187 6.2 The Laws of Eretria (IG XII 9, 1273/4) 188 7.1 View of mountainous country between Khalkis and Kerinthos 208 7.2 (Horn. Il. 2, 258) 209 7.3 The grave-marker of Khairion (IG XII 9, 296): . From Kourouniotis 1899, 144, no. 10. 213 7.4 Grave stele of Pleistias the Lakedaimonian (IG XII 9, 286): 220 . From the Eretria Museum. 8.1 IG XII 9, 241: inscribed face, Eretria Museum 233 8.2 IG XII 9, 241: (a) line 37 showing the positions of the names (1) and (2) (or, I suggest, ); (b) close-up photograph of (1); (c) line 77, as it presently appears on the stone, where the second district name (2) [or (3)] occurs 235 8.3 The Horos Phratrikos, Eretria Museum 238 8.4 The proxeny decree for Aristoteles Kheiloniou (IG XII Suppl. 549), Eretria Museum 241 8.5 IG XII Suppl. 549 242 8.6 The base with the dedication of the Eretrian bull monument at Olympia 250 8.7 The dedicatory inscription: 251 8.8 The surviving horn and ear of the bronze bull 251 Tables 4.1 Text with notes of the papyrus fragment of an early Elegaic poem 136 8.1 Comparative readings of IG XII 9, Suppl. 549 233 8.2 The known and hypothetical names of the tripartite territorial divisions of the Corinthia, the Eretrias and Attica 240 8.3 Comparison of the formulae of Attic proxeny decrees and the Eretrian decree IG XII 9, Suppl. 549 244 8.4 The readings of Peek and Wallace of IG XII, Suppl. 549 257 A1.1 From the Neolithic Age to the sub-Mycenaean period 279 A1.2 From the sub-Mycenaean period to the sub-Geometric period 279 A1.3 Euboian colonisation in the West 280 A1.4 Some significant dates in Eretrian history 280 PREFACE For the historian of early Greece, one of the most pressing tasks is the study in depth of specific [geographical] areas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Abai, Oracle of Apollo, 134 Achaia, 3Map; LH IIIC
    INDEX Abai, oracle of Apollo, 134 Aghios Kosmas, 140 Achaia, 3map; LH IIIC pottery, 148; migration Aghios Minas (Drosia), 201 to northeast Aegean from, 188; nonpalatial Aghios Nikolaos (Vathy), 201 modes of political organization, 64n1, 112, Aghios Vasileios (Laconia), 3map, 9, 73n9, 243 120, 144; relations with Corinthian Gulf, 127; Agnanti, 158 “warrior burials”, 141. 144, 148, 188. See also agriculture, 18, 60, 207; access to resources, Ahhiyawa 61, 86, 88, 90, 101, 228; advent of iron Achaians, 110, 243 ploughshare, 171; Boeotia, 45–46; centralized Acharnai (Menidi), 55map, 66, 68map, 77map, consumption, 135; centralized production, 97–98, 104map, 238 73, 100, 113, 136; diffusion of, 245; East Lokris, Achinos, 197map, 203 49–50; Euboea, 52, 54, 209map; house-hold administration: absence of, 73, 141; as part of and community-based, 21, 135–36; intensified statehood, 66, 69, 71; center, 82; centralized, production, 70–71; large-scale (project), 121, 134, 238; complex offices for, 234; foreign, 64, 135; Lelantine Plain, 85, 207, 208–10; 107; Linear A, 9; Linear B, 9, 75–78, 84, nearest-neighbor analysis, 57; networks 94, 117–18; palatial, 27, 65, 69, 73–74, 105, of production, 101, 121; palatial control, 114; political, 63–64, 234–35; religious, 217; 10, 65, 69–70, 75, 81–83, 97, 207; Phokis, systems, 110, 113, 240; writing as technology 47; prehistoric Iron Age, 204–5, 242; for, 216–17 redistribution of products, 81, 101–2, 113, 135; Aegina, 9, 55map, 67, 99–100, 179, 219map subsistence, 73, 128, 190, 239; Thessaly 51, 70, Aeolians, 180, 187, 188 94–95; Thriasian Plain, 98 “age of heroes”, 151, 187, 200, 213, 222, 243, 260 agropastoral societies, 21, 26, 60, 84, 170 aggrandizement: competitive, 134; of the sea, 129; Ahhiyawa, 108–11 self-, 65, 66, 105, 147, 251 Aigai, 82 Aghia Elousa, 201 Aigaleo, Mt., 54, 55map, 96 Aghia Irini (Kea), 139map, 156, 197map, 199 Aigeira, 3map, 141 Aghia Marina Pyrgos, 77map, 81, 247 Akkadian, 105, 109, 255 Aghios Ilias, 85.
    [Show full text]
  • Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics
    Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics The eighth-century revolution Version 1.0 December 2005 Ian Morris Stanford University Abstract: Through most of the 20th century classicists saw the 8th century BC as a period of major changes, which they characterized as “revolutionary,” but in the 1990s critics proposed more gradualist interpretations. In this paper I argue that while 30 years of fieldwork and new analyses inevitably require us to modify the framework established by Snodgrass in the 1970s (a profound social and economic depression in the Aegean c. 1100-800 BC; major population growth in the 8th century; social and cultural transformations that established the parameters of classical society), it nevertheless remains the most convincing interpretation of the evidence, and that the idea of an 8th-century revolution remains useful © Ian Morris. [email protected] 1 THE EIGHTH-CENTURY REVOLUTION Ian Morris Introduction In the eighth century BC the communities of central Aegean Greece (see figure 1) and their colonies overseas laid the foundations of the economic, social, and cultural framework that constrained and enabled Greek achievements for the next five hundred years. Rapid population growth promoted warfare, trade, and political centralization all around the Mediterranean. In most regions, the outcome was a concentration of power in the hands of kings, but Aegean Greeks created a new form of identity, the equal male citizen, living freely within a small polis. This vision of the good society was intensely contested throughout the late eighth century, but by the end of the archaic period it had defeated all rival models in the central Aegean, and was spreading through other Greek communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Hadrian and the Greek East
    HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way.
    [Show full text]
  • ON TRANSLATING the POETRY of CATULLUS by Susan Mclean
    A publication of the American Philological Association Vol. 1 • Issue 2 • fall 2002 From the Editors REMEMBERING RHESUS by Margaret A. Brucia and Anne-Marie Lewis by C. W. Marshall uripides wrote a play called Rhesus, position in the world of myth. Hector, elcome to the second issue of Eand a play called Rhesus is found leader of the Trojan forces, sees the WAmphora. We were most gratified among the extant works of Euripi- opportunity for a night attack on the des. Nevertheless, scholars since antiq- Greek camp but is convinced first to by the response to the first issue, and we uity have doubted whether these two conduct reconnaissance (through the thank all those readers who wrote to share plays are the same, suggesting instead person of Dolon) and then to await rein- with us their enthusiasm for this new out- that the Rhesus we have is not Euripi- forcements (in the person of Rhesus). reach initiative and to tell us how much dean. This question of dubious author- Odysseus and Diomedes, aided by the they enjoyed the articles and reviews. ship has eclipsed many other potential goddess Athena, frustrate both of these Amphora is very much a communal project areas of interest concerning this play enterprises so that by morning, when and, as a result, it is too often sidelined the attack is to begin, the Trojans are and, as we move forward into our second in discussions of classical tragedy, when assured defeat. issue, we would like to thank those who it is discussed at all. George Kovacs For me, the most exciting part of the have been so helpful to us: Adam Blistein, wanted to see how the play would work performance happened out of sight of Executive Director of the American Philo- on stage and so offered to direct it to the audience.
    [Show full text]
  • General Index
    GENERAL INDEX A.GILIM, and n. Aesopic tradition, , and abstractions, n. nn. –, Acarnania, Aetna, , Acastus, Aetna, n. Accius, and n. Agamemnon, n. , , , accusative, , n. , –, , –, , – Agdistis, Achelous, Agenor, Achilles, , , , , , , , ages, myth of, see races, myth of –, , , , , Agias of Troezen, , Acontius, , n. , , agriculture, , , , , , – and n. , , , , , –, Actaeon, n. , , , , n. , –, ; Actor, agriculture section in Works and Acusilaus of Argos, and n. , Days, , , –, and n. Agrius, Adad, aidos, n. , ; personified, , adamant, adjective(s), , , Aietes, Admonitions of Ipuwar,andn. Aigipan, Adodos, ainos, , –, Adrasteia, Aither, and n. Adriatic (sea), Aithon, , n. Aegean (sea), , , aitiology, , , nn. –, Aegimius, – and n. , , , and Aegle, , n. , , , , Aelian Ajax son of Oileus, Historical miscellany, , Ajax son of Telamon, , , – and n. Aeolic dialect, , –, , Akkadian, n. , n. , , , , –; East Al Mina, , or Asiatic Aeolic, –, Alalu, , n. , , Alcaeus, , , n. Aeolids, , , Alcidamas, , , , , , Aeolis, Eastern, , , –, , n. Aeolism, , , , Alcinous, , n. , n. , Aeolus, –, , , , Aeschines, Alcmaeonidae, Aeschylus, , , , and Alcmaeonis, n. , Alcman, n. , and n. , Prometheus Bound, n. , and n. n. Alcmaon, – general index Alcmene, –, –, Antoninus Liberalis, , , n. , , , Anu, –, , –, –, aoidos see singer Alcyone, , , , aorist, , –, Alexander Aetolus, , n. apate, ; personified, Alexander the Great, n. , Aphrodite, , , n. , and n. , n. , and n. ,
    [Show full text]
  • Marathon 2,500 Years Edited by Christopher Carey & Michael Edwards
    MARATHON 2,500 YEARS EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SUPPLEMENT 124 DIRECTOR & GENERAL EDITOR: JOHN NORTH DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATIONS: RICHARD SIMPSON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARATHON CONFERENCE 2010 EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 2013 The cover image shows Persian warriors at Ishtar Gate, from before the fourth century BC. Pergamon Museum/Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin. Photo Mohammed Shamma (2003). Used under CC‐BY terms. All rights reserved. This PDF edition published in 2019 First published in print in 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN: 978-1-905670-81-9 (2019 PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/1019.9781905670819 ISBN: 978-1-905670-52-9 (2013 paperback edition) ©2013 Institute of Classical Studies, University of London The right of contributors to be identified as the authors of the work published here has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Designed and typeset at the Institute of Classical Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory note 1 P. J. Rhodes The battle of Marathon and modern scholarship 3 Christopher Pelling Herodotus’ Marathon 23 Peter Krentz Marathon and the development of the exclusive hoplite phalanx 35 Andrej Petrovic The battle of Marathon in pre-Herodotean sources: on Marathon verse-inscriptions (IG I3 503/504; Seg Lvi 430) 45 V.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Strutture Difensive Delle Colonie Greche Di Sicilia
    Il presente Volume si propone di approfondire la conoscenza storica, tipologica e materica delle Francesca Scalisi strutture difensive presenti nei maggiori siti archeologici siciliani di fondazione greca, premessa in- dispensabile per un qualsiasi tipo di intervento di recupero e fruizione. Le fortificazioni sono dei monumenti fortemente emblematici per tipologia e dimensione e rappresentano, per certi versi, il volto che un insediamento offriva a chi si apprestava ad entrarvi, essendo la città antica modellata nel suo aspetto esteriore dalle mura difensive. Questa analisi sistematica sulle fortificazioni evidenzia LE STRUTTURE DIFENSIVE DELLE importanti contenuti che coinvolgono i settori scientifici relativi alle tecnologie costruttive e alle tecniche esecutive. La tessitura muraria, infatti, ci fornisce un ricco e variegato repertorio tecnologico in uso tra i secoli VII ed il IV a.C., utile per comprendere la pratica del fare architettura. COLONIE GRECHE DI SICILIA Il Volume affronta, innanzitutto, il tema della colonizzazione greca in Sicilia, in quanto la nascita Storia, tipologia, materiali delle fortificazioni è strettaente correlata alla necessità di difendersi dalle popolazioni indigene, e indaga sulle relazioni esistenti fra fortificazioni e tipologie insediative, soffermandosi, in seguito ad analizzare i vari subsistemi (fondazioni, muri, coronamenti, smaltimento delle acque) e compo- nenti (porte e torri) che costituiscono la struttura di un sistema difensivo. Segue l’elencazione di una serie di casi di studio, individuati secondo criteri di consistenza qualitativa e quantitativa delle tessiture murarie: allo studio storico, topografico e urbanistico della colonia individuata, fa seguito l’analisi dettagliata dei sistemi difensivi di ogni sito, dal cui raffronto si evidenziano, di volta in volta, le costanti e le varianti costruttive.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ARGONAUTIKA He'd Gone on His Vain Quest with Peirithoos: That Couple Would Have Made Their Task's Fulfillment Far Easier for Them All
    Book I Starting from you, Phoibos, the deeds ofthose old-time mortals I shall relute, who by way ofthe Black Sea's mouth and through the cobalt-dark rocks, at King Pelias 's commandment, in search of the Golden Fleece drove tight-thwarted Argo. For Pelias heard it voiced that in time thereafter a grim fate would await him, death at the prompting of the man he saw come, one-sandaled, from folk in the country: and not much later-in accordance with your word-Jason, fording on foot the Anauros's wintry waters, saved from the mud one sandal, but left the other stuck fast in the flooded estuary, pressed straight on to have his share in the sacred feast that Pelias was preparing for Poseidon his father, and the rest of the gods, though paying no heed to Pelasgian Hera. The moment Pelias saw him, he knew, and devised him a trial of most perilous seamanship, that in deep waters or away among foreign folk he might lose his homecoming. ,\row singers before 7ny time have recounted how the vessel was fashioned 4 Argos with the guidance of Athena. IW~cctIplan to do now is tell the name and farnib of each hero, describe their long voyage, all they accomplished in their wanderings: may the Muses inspire mnj sinpng! First in our record be Orpheus, whom famous Kalliope, after bedding Thracian Oikgros, bore, they tell us, 44 THE XRGONAUTIKA hard by Pimpleia's high rocky lookout: Orpheus, who's said to have charmed unshiftable upland boulders and the flow of rivers with the sound of his music.
    [Show full text]
  • Światowit. Volume LVII. World Archaeology
    Światowit II LV WIATOWIT S ´ VOLUME LVII WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY Swiatowit okl.indd 2-3 30/10/19 22:33 Światowit XIII-XIV A/B_Spis tresci A 07/11/2018 21:48 Page I Editorial Board / Rada Naukowa: Kazimierz Lewartowski (Chairman, Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Poland), Serenella Ensoli (University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Italy), Włodzimierz Godlewski (Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Poland), Joanna Kalaga ŚŚwiatowitwiatowit (Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Poland), Mikola Kryvaltsevich (Department of Archaeology, Institute of History, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Belarus), Andrey aannualnnual ofof thethe iinstitutenstitute ofof aarchaeologyrchaeology Mazurkevich (Department of Archaeology of Eastern Europe and Siberia, The State Hermitage ofof thethe uuniversityniversity ofof wwarsawarsaw Museum, Russia), Aliki Moustaka (Department of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thesaloniki, Greece), Wojciech Nowakowski (Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, ocznikocznik nstytutunstytutu rcheologiircheologii Poland), Andreas Rau (Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology, Schleswig, Germany), rr ii aa Jutta Stroszeck (German Archaeological Institute at Athens, Greece), Karol Szymczak (Institute uuniwersytetuniwersytetu wwarszawskiegoarszawskiego of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Poland) Volume Reviewers / Receznzenci tomu: Jacek Andrzejowski (State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw, Poland), Monika Dolińska (National Museum in Warsaw, Poland), Arkadiusz
    [Show full text]
  • El Sistema De Poljes De La Región De Dystos-Almyropotamos (Isla De Eubea, Grecia): Cartografía Y Evolución Geomorfológica*
    GEOGRAPHICALIA (2008), 53, 143-161 EL SISTEMA DE POLJES DE LA REGIÓN DE DYSTOS-ALMYROPOTAMOS (ISLA DE EUBEA, GRECIA): CARTOGRAFÍA Y EVOLUCIÓN GEOMORFOLÓGICA* J. L. Peña-Monné(1), M. de Dapper(2), A. Constante(1), B. de Vliegher(2) y K. Pavlopoulos(3) (1) Dpto. de Geografía y Ordenación del Territorio. Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009. Zaragoza (España). [email protected] [email protected] (2) Dpt. of Geography. Ghent University. Krijgslaan, 281 (S8). B-9000 Gent (Bélgica) [email protected] [email protected] (3) Dpt. of Geography. Harokopio University. 70 El. Benizelou St. 17671 Athenas (Grecia) [email protected] Resumen: Se presenta la cartografía de la zona kárstica desarrollada sobre már- moles y esquistos del sector central de la isla de Eubea. Destaca en primer lugar el sistema de poljes, relacionados con la estructura geológica y la evolución cli- mática de la isla durante el Cuaternario. De los 12 poljes diferenciados, tres de ellos se mantienen todavía en situación cerrada. Estas depresiones presentan extensos desarrollos de superficies de aplanamiento y conos rocosos generados por procesos de criptocorrosión kárstica en diferentes momentos de su evolu- ción cuaternaria. Por otra parte, las áreas de cumbre aparecen con restos de superficies aplanadas heredadas, afectadas por campos de lapiaz y dolinas. Se propone un modelo evolutivo y se relaciona con otras áreas kársticas del ámbito mediterráneo. Palabras clave: Grecia, Karst, poljes, Cuaternario. Abstract: A geomorphological mapping of a karstic area developed on marbles and schists in the central sector of the island of Eubea is presented. The system of poljes constitutes the main geomorphological feature.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Practices in Ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman Period
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Hellenic University: IHU Open Access Repository Agricultural practices in ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman period Evangelos Kamanatzis SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies January 2018 Thessaloniki – Greece Student Name: Evangelos Kamanatzis SID: 2201150001 Supervisor: Prof. Manolis Manoledakis I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. January 2018 Thessaloniki - Greece Abstract This dissertation was written as part of the MA in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. The aim of this dissertation is to collect as much information as possible on agricultural practices in Macedonia from prehistory to Roman times and examine them within their social and cultural context. Chapter 1 will offer a general introduction to the aims and methodology of this thesis. This chapter will also provide information on the geography, climate and natural resources of ancient Macedonia from prehistoric times. We will them continue with a concise social and cultural history of Macedonia from prehistory to the Roman conquest. This is important in order to achieve a good understanding of all these social and cultural processes that are directly or indirectly related with the exploitation of land and agriculture in Macedonia through time. In chapter 2, we are going to look briefly into the origins of agriculture in Macedonia and then explore the most important types of agricultural products (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants of Coastal Mediterranean Cities with More Than 2,000 Inhabitants (2010)
    UNEP(DEPI)/MED WG.357/Inf.7 29 March 2011 ENGLISH MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN Meeting of MED POL Focal Points Rhodes (Greece), 25-27 May 2011 INVENTORY OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS OF COASTAL MEDITERRANEAN CITIES WITH MORE THAN 2,000 INHABITANTS (2010) In cooperation with WHO UNEP/MAP Athens, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE .........................................................................................................................1 PART I .........................................................................................................................3 1. ABOUT THE STUDY ..............................................................................................3 1.1 Historical Background of the Study..................................................................3 1.2 Report on the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Mediterranean Coastal Cities: Methodology and Procedures .........................4 2. MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER IN THE MEDITERRANEAN ....................................6 2.1 Characteristics of Municipal Wastewater in the Mediterranean.......................6 2.2 Impact of Wastewater Discharges to the Marine Environment........................6 2.3 Municipal Wasteater Treatment.......................................................................9 3. RESULTS ACHIEVED ............................................................................................12 3.1 Brief Summary of Data Collection – Constraints and Assumptions.................12 3.2 General Considerations on the Contents
    [Show full text]