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Abai, Oracle of Apollo, 134 Achaia, 3Map; LH IIIC

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Abai, Oracle of Apollo, 134 Achaia, 3Map; LH IIIC INDEX Abai, oracle of Apollo, 134 Aghios Kosmas, 140 Achaia, 3map; LH IIIC pottery, 148; migration Aghios Minas (Drosia), 201 to northeast Aegean from, 188; nonpalatial Aghios Nikolaos (Vathy), 201 modes of political organization, 64n1, 112, Aghios Vasileios (Laconia), 3map, 9, 73n9, 243 120, 144; relations with Corinthian Gulf, 127; Agnanti, 158 “warrior burials”, 141. 144, 148, 188. See also agriculture, 18, 60, 207; access to resources, Ahhiyawa 61, 86, 88, 90, 101, 228; advent of iron Achaians, 110, 243 ploughshare, 171; Boeotia, 45–46; centralized Acharnai (Menidi), 55map, 66, 68map, 77map, consumption, 135; centralized production, 97–98, 104map, 238 73, 100, 113, 136; diffusion of, 245; East Lokris, Achinos, 197map, 203 49–50; Euboea, 52, 54, 209map; house-hold administration: absence of, 73, 141; as part of and community-based, 21, 135–36; intensified statehood, 66, 69, 71; center, 82; centralized, production, 70–71; large-scale (project), 121, 134, 238; complex offices for, 234; foreign, 64, 135; Lelantine Plain, 85, 207, 208–10; 107; Linear A, 9; Linear B, 9, 75–78, 84, nearest-neighbor analysis, 57; networks 94, 117–18; palatial, 27, 65, 69, 73–74, 105, of production, 101, 121; palatial control, 114; political, 63–64, 234–35; religious, 217; 10, 65, 69–70, 75, 81–83, 97, 207; Phokis, systems, 110, 113, 240; writing as technology 47; prehistoric Iron Age, 204–5, 242; for, 216–17 redistribution of products, 81, 101–2, 113, 135; Aegina, 9, 55map, 67, 99–100, 179, 219map subsistence, 73, 128, 190, 239; Thessaly 51, 70, Aeolians, 180, 187, 188 94–95; Thriasian Plain, 98 “age of heroes”, 151, 187, 200, 213, 222, 243, 260 agropastoral societies, 21, 26, 60, 84, 170 aggrandizement: competitive, 134; of the sea, 129; Ahhiyawa, 108–11 self-, 65, 66, 105, 147, 251 Aigai, 82 Aghia Elousa, 201 Aigaleo, Mt., 54, 55map, 96 Aghia Irini (Kea), 139map, 156, 197map, 199 Aigeira, 3map, 141 Aghia Marina Pyrgos, 77map, 81, 247 Akkadian, 105, 109, 255 Aghios Ilias, 85. See also Psachna Akraiphnion fortification, 81 Aghios Ioannis, 77map, 81, 247 Al Mina, 178map, 179, 182map, 186, 219map, 220, Aghios Konstantinos (Methana), 100 226map, 230, 232 347 348 INDEX Alashiya, 104. See also Cyprus (Kalapodi), 134, 203; oracle at Orobiai Aliveri (Magoula), 54, 66, 85, 86, 139map. (Rovies), 203; Ptoios (Ptoion), 201; sanctuary, See also Kyme (Euboea), -Aliveri corridor 134, 201 alliances, 18, 105, 110, 235, 253 archaeogenetics, 245, 256 Almyros Plain, 51, 52, 94 archaeology of village societies, definition, 31–32 alphabet: Etruscan, 217; Euboic, 217, 220; Greek, architecture: disappearance of palatial Bronze 11, 189, 194, 215–22, 234, 236, 255; Latin, 263; Age, 117–18, 240; Early Iron Age; 169; Phoenician, 12, 220, 242, 255; West Semitic, fortifications, 27, 41, 81–83, 95, 117, 118, 136; 217. See also writing funerary, 63, 66–67, 85, 89, 241; monumental Amarynthos (a-ma-ru-to): connection with building (projects), 63, 65, 71, 103, 113, 234, Eretria, 207, 208–10; Early Iron Age period, 239–40; network, 212, 214, 234; palatial 134; mentioned on Linear B tablet, 76tab, period, 65–66, 84, 101, 114, 238, 247; 76, 86, 88; Mycenaean period, 85, 86, 88, 101; religious 213. Postpalatial period, 123map, 134, 136, 139map; Areopagus, 156, 212 Protohistoric Iron Age, 201, 208; regional Argolid, the; connection with Salamis, 99–100; ritual center, 134, 136; sanctuary of Artemis export of pottery, 137; “international” import Amarysia, 86, 208 in, 107, 184–85; lack of “warrior tombs”, 141; amber, 147, 148 (Mycenaean) palaces, 9, 63, 83, 94n19, 118, Amblianos tholos tomb, 87fig., 90 238; palatial collapse, 120, 128n6, 144; tholoi, Amnisos, 110 66, 67 Ampelakia (Salamis), 96, 99 Argos, 28, 68map, 94n19, 104map, 170, 182map, Amphissa, 47, 66, 87fig., 90, 157 184–185 amphora: belly-handled, 160; bronze, 164; Aristeia project, 36tab, 38, 263 Dipylon, 223; small neck, 160; transport, 107 aristocracy, 4, 27, 29, 160 Anatolia: Aeolian migration, 180, 187, 188; Arkopodi. See Eutresis disintegration of palatial civilizations, Arnos tholos tomb (Marathon), 98 116, 144; Early Bronze Age long-distance AROURA project (Archaeological networks, 9; “Euripos Group” pottery, Reconnaissance of Uninvestigated Remains 178fig., 179; Geometric pottery, 227; Greek of Agriculture), 35tab, 80, 247. See also craftspeople in western, 242; Ionian MYNEKO project migration, 145, 180, 187, 188–89, 228; art: disappearance of, 84, 118; Geometric figural, Late Bronze Age, 103–5, 104map; locally 194, 215, 221fig., 222–24, 229; representational manufactured LH IIIC pottery, 145; 11; Trojan Legend in, 261; visual, 222 Methone and western, 184; Mycenaean Artemis: Amarysia sanctuary (Amarynthos), connection with western, 107, 108, 111, 148; 86, 208; sanctuaries, 134, 214; Tauropolos Protogeometric pottery, 186, 189. See also sanctuary, 196map; worship of, 134, 214 Arzawa; Hittites; Troy Arzawa, 104, 104map, 109, 188 Anavysos, 186 Asia, 262; Central, 256; Minor 140, 218; ancestry: feature of migration events, 189; links western, 147 to landscape, 213–14; Orchomenos and link Asine, 104map, 173map, 174, 182map, 185 to 82; Toumba building and links to, 167; Askra, 154map, 157, 202, 225n17, 234 veneration of, 213 Assyria, 104map, 104, 109, 111, 183–84, 229 Andros, 156, 199 Atalanti; Bay, 46map, 49, 124, 154, 202; burial Anthedon, 45, 53, 53map, 76tab, 82, evidence, 158; Plain, 46, 50, 198; site(s) of, 49, 139map, 142, 201 153, 154map, 158, 169, 182map, 184 anthroponyms, 75, 76tab, 79 Athena: goddess, 192; Kranaia sanctuary Antikyra Bay, 46map, 47–49, 48map, 80, 89–90, (Elateia), 196map; Pronoia sanctuary 91, 127, 157 (Delphi), 91 Aphidna, 55map, 56, 98 Athens: basin of, 54, 55map; classical, 260, 261; apoikiai (colonies), 11–12, 204–5, 228–29, 233, connections with Phoenicians, 182map, 183, 235, 242. See also colonization 184, 185–87; Dipylon krater, 165, 221fig., 223; Apollo: Daphnephoros (Eretria), 134, 210; Early Greek inscriptions, 218, 219map; Early Ismenios (Thebes), 201; oracle at Abai Iron Age ceramic production, 156, 176–77, INDEX 349 179, 187, 222; Homer’s Catalog of Ships, Brauron, 55map; Early Iron Age, 156; Palatial 44–45; iron, 173map, 241; Kerameikos, 156, Bronze Age, 69map, 88, 96, 97, 100; 159, 186; LH II, 67, 68map; Mycenaean metal sanctuary, 134; wealthy graves, 98 working, 142; Palatial Bronze Age 9–10, 70, burial: Archaic period, 232; architecture, 67, 85, 71–72, 72fig., 74map, 77map, 95–100, 101, 89, 241; customs, 118, 126, 153, 166–68, 199, 104map, 122map, 239; polis, 234; Postpalatial 223, 252; depictions on vessels, 177, 221fig., period, 118, 122map, 123map, 124, 136, 140, 223, 224; Early Iron Age, 158–68, 163fig., 172, 149, 154map, 240; Prehistoric Iron Age, 152, 208–10, 241; elite, 6, 66, 71, 91, 159, 169–170; 153–56, 154map, 155map, 169, 185, 189–91, 241; Heroön, 88, 210; homogeneity of Mycenaean, Protohistoric, 28, 195–96, 197map, 199–200, 113; horse, 98, 163fig., 164, 166; larnax, 70; 204, 242; rescue excavations, 38–39; “sacred offering, 165, 170, 185; Palatial Bronze Age, 27, houses”, 212; social differentiation, 28, 29, 67, 85–89, 93, 95–98, 142; Postpalatial period, 158, 160, 161–62, 168; territory, 96–97, 98, 100; 132, 135; practices, 153, 166, 168, 177, 199; tomb of the “Rich Athenian Lady”, 160–61; “princely”, 161; “warrior”, 141, 166–67, 210; wealthy burials, 67, 95, 156, 159, 186, 214 wealthy, 93, 95, 114, 156, 159–62, 169, 214. Attic pottery: Early Iron Age, 199, 247; dispersal, See also feasting, funerary; grave goods 156, 159, 244, 247; LH IIIC, 126, 140; network, Byblos, 147, 181, 182map 126, 236; Postpalatial period, 156, 247; production in Athens, 156, 160, 179, 187, 199, Cape Gelidonya shipwreck, 104map, 108, 142 222; Protogeometric, 176–77, 185 Carthage, 182map, 183, 184, 226map, 229, 230 Aulis, 44, 45, 53, 76tab, 79, 134, 209map, 243 Catalog of Ships (Iliad), 2, 44 authority: and administrative technologies, 113, Caucasus, 31, 131 255; and family status, 170; and large-scale cemetery, 38tab, 39tab, 40tab; Aghia Elousa, 201; resettlement, 132; and mobility, 129; areas Aghioi Theodoroi, Thebes 201; Ampelakia, devoid of centralized/palatial, 113, 128, 99; as defined in this book, 37, 42; Athens, 155; Athenian,96– 97, 98, 100; centralized, 67, 161, 186; Avlonari, 86–88; Chalkis, 67 94, 101, 118; competition between, 214; 85; Elateia, 90–91, 132, 167, 241; Eleon, 67; construction of, 132; economic, 102; Eleusis, 67; elite, 67, 80, 238, 246; Eretria establishing localizations of political, 135, (West Quarter), 210; Kalapodi, 91; Kanakia 160; institutional, 238; linked to individuals (Salamis), 126; Kerameikos (Athens), 156, and households, 68, 133; loss of centralized 159, 182; Knossos (Crete), 161; Kompotades, palatial, 103, 255; marker of, 11; Mycenaean 167; Lamia, 92, 167, 203; Limni, 84; Malis, central, 78; (over)extension of state, 117; 127, 247; Medeon, 90, 137, 167; Mitrou, 67; palatial, 63, 65–66, 73, 80, 81–83, 121; Moni Mantzari (Oxylithos), 88; Mycenaean, political, 15, 65, 70, 94, 100, 132; rejection of 86, 167; Orchomenos, 67, 79; Paralimni, palatial/state, 117, 118, 239; state(-level), 65, 67, 167; Perati, 126, 141, 166; Phokis, 213, 80–81, 84, 105, 113; symbolic, 102 241; Pteleon, 94; Pylos, 246–47; Pyri, 201; Avlonari, 53map, 85, 86–88, 141 Salamis (Cyprus), 227; Salamis Arsanal site (Salamis), 126; Spercheios valley, 132, 167, 241; Babylon(ia), 104, 104map, 109, 111 Stylida, 167; Tachi, 201; Tanagra, 42; Thebes, band-tribe-chiefdom-state models, 30–31, 249 67; Torone, 185; Toumba (Lefkandi), 11, 161, basileus (basileis; qa-si-re-u), 27, 28, 73–74,
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