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The Christian Remains of the Seven Churches of the Apocalypse
1974, 3) THE BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGIST 69 The Christian Remains of the Seven Churches of the Apocalypse OTTO F. A. MEINARDU S Athens, Greece Some months ago, I revisited the island of Patmos and the sites of the seven churches to which letters are addressed in the second and third chap- ters of the book of Revelation. What follows is a report on such Christian remains as have survived and an indication of the various traditions which have grown up at the eight locations, where, as at so many other places in the Orthodox and Latin world, piety has sought tangible localization. I set out from Piraeus and sailed to the island of Patmos, off the Turkish coast, which had gained its significance because of the enforced exile of God's servant John (Rev. 1:1, 9) and from the acceptance of the Revelation in the NT canon. From the tiny port of Skala, financial and tourist center of Patmos, the road ascends to the 11th century Greek Orthodox monastery of St. John the Theologian. Half way to this mighty fortress monastery, I stopped at the Monastery of the Apocalypse, which enshrines the "Grotto of the Revelation." Throughout the centuries pilgrims have come to this site to receive blessings. When Pitton de Tournefort visited Patmos in 1702, the grotto was a poor hermitage administered by the bishop of Samos. The abbot presented de Tournefort with pieces of rock from the grotto, assuring him that they could expel evil spirits and cure diseases. Nowadays, hundreds of western tourists visit the grotto daily, especially during the summer, and are shown those traditional features which are related in one way or another with the vision of John. -
Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda Mcclelland Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Summer 8-26-2013 Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda McClelland Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd Recommended Citation McClelland, Grizelda, "Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens" (2013). All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). 1150. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1150 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Classics Department of Art History and Archaeology Dissertation Examination Committee: Susan I. Rotroff, Chair Wendy Love Anderson William Bubelis Robert D. Lamberton George Pepe Sarantis Symeonoglou Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens by Grizelda D. McClelland A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2013 St. Louis, Missouri © 2013, Grizelda Dunn McClelland Table of Contents Figures ............................................................................................................................... -
Stipendiaten Des DAI, Der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission (RGK) Und Der Kommission Für Alte Geschichte Und Epigraphik
Reisestipendiatinnen und -stipendiaten des DAI, der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission (RGK) und der Kommission für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik • 1859/60: Alexander Conze, Adolf Michaelis • 1860/61: Adolph Kießling, Kurt Wachsmuth • 1861/62: Adolph Kießling, August Reifferscheid • 1862/63: Wolfgang Helbig, August Reifferscheid • 1863/64: Wolfgang Helbig, Reinhard Kekulé • 1864/65: Otto Benndorf, Reinhard Kekulé • 1865/66: Otto Benndorf, Bernhard Graser • 1866/67: Eugen Bormann, Karl Dilthey • 1867/68: Eugen Bormann, Karl Dilthey • 1868/69: Richard Foerster, Friedrich Matz • 1869/70: Richard Foerster, Friedrich Matz • 1870/71: Richard Engelmann, Adolf Trendelenburg • 1871/72: Gustav Hirschfeld, Otto Lüders • 1872/73: Gustav Hirschfeld, Georg Kaibel • 1873/74: Georg Kaibel, Carl Robert • 1874/75: Leopold Julius, Carl Robert, Theodor Schreiber, Rudolf Weil • 1875/76: Heinrich Dressel, Friedrich von Duhn, Gustav Körte, Rudolf Weil • 1876/77: Friedrich von Duhn, Adolf Furtwängler, Paul Knapp, Arthur Milchhoefer, Hermann von Rohden • 1877/78: Adolf Furtwängler, Georg Loeschcke, Arthur Milchhoefer, Hermann von Rohden, Victor Schultze • 1878/79: Hermann Dessau, Hermann Dopffel, Georg Loeschcke, Karl Purgold, Johannes Schmidt • 1879/80: Carl Erbes, Heinrich Holtzinger, Otto Keck, Karl Purgold, Carl Schaefer, Johannes Schmidt • 1880/81: Hermann Dessau, Konrad Lange, Hermann Luckenbach, Ernst Maass, Otto Pohl • 1881/82: Christian Hülsen, Julius Langbehn, Otto Pohl, Otto Puchstein, Eduard Schwartz • 1882/83: Julius Dürr, Ernst Fabricius, Nicolaus -
Legitimizing German Imperialist Penetration of the Ottoman Empire1
Visions of Germany in Turkey: Legitimizing German Imperialist Penetration of the Ottoman Empire1 Malte Fuhrmann, Free University Berlin Weighty memories merge with the impressions of the present; to the mind, what was is wed to what is (...) And it is German traces that have engraved themselves deeply upon the classical soil (...)– Paul Lindenberg 19022 On the day we hear the classic call, “Hot sausages, have a glass of beer!” at the train station of Angora, Germany will have its foot in the door in Asia Minor.–Friedrich Dernburg 18923 Hegemonic power, or even the attempt to establish it, is accompanied by a multitude of legitimizing discourses that are shaped both in conscious and subconscious debate with it. These discourses have been subject to considerable attention in the research on nationalism and imperialism since the seventies, in contrast to ‘political’ and macroeconomic interests, which had until then enjoyed the main attention of historians. In the research on German imperialism however, the analysis of legitimizing discourses has so far played a minor part. This is due on the one hand to the special circumstances under which German imperialist expansion took place and to a certain reserve towards discourse analysis among the German academic establishment. 4 In particular, the attempt to establish hegemony over West Asia by employing a policy of ‘pénétration pacifique’ towards the Ottoman Empire, one of the major imperialist projects of the Kaiserreich, has been neglected by historians in this regard. The ‘political’ strategies of the German Empire towards the ‘Eastern Question’ have been and still are a subject of interest, and the economic strategies, especially of renowned German companies such as Krupp, Philip Holzmann, and the Deutsche Bank, were a major focus in the seventies and eighties. -
![Alexander Conze, on the Origin of the Visual Arts, Lecture Held on July 30, 1896 [In the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences] Translated and Edited by Karl Johns](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/2981/alexander-conze-on-the-origin-of-the-visual-arts-lecture-held-on-july-30-1896-in-the-royal-prussian-academy-of-sciences-translated-and-edited-by-karl-johns-1432981.webp)
Alexander Conze, on the Origin of the Visual Arts, Lecture Held on July 30, 1896 [In the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences] Translated and Edited by Karl Johns
Alexander Conze, On the Origin of the Visual Arts, Lecture held on July 30, 1896 [in the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences] translated and edited by Karl Johns Editor’s introduction: Alexander Conze: The Bureaucrat and Art- Historiography Like a number of his colleagues, Alexander Conze (Hanover December 10, 1831- Berlin July 19, 1914), came to classical archaeology after first studying law. His interests and gifts seem to have tended more toward curatorial and administrative work rather than lecturing, and he will be primarily remembered for his part in bringing the Pergamon Altar to the Berlin museums. It may therefore seem ironic that he nevertheless had a great influence as a teacher and probably the greatest influence in another field, which was only later to be defined and brought to fruition in academia by his students as ‘the history of art.’ For the purposes of art historiography it is therefore significant that after nearly ten years at Halle as Extraordinarius, he was called to the University of Vienna as Ordinarius, taught from 1869 to 1877, where Franz Wickhoff, Alois Riegl, Emanuel Löwy and Julius Schlosser, among others, were influenced by his teachings. In the lectures given by Conze to the Prussian academy later in his career, it is not difficult to recognize a similarity to Schlosser in the binocular attraction of more abstract questions on the one hand and the aesthetic appeal of the individual object on the other. Conze also anticipated and presumably inspired the later studies made by Ernst Garger on the ground in relief sculpture and the historical place of the Monument of the Julii. -
NETWORKED WORLDS Mobility, Migration and Trade in Antiquity
ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE 1 • 2014 Magazine of the German Archaeological Institute Archaeology Worldwide – Volume one – Berlin, – DAI May 2014 TITLE STORY NETWORKED WORLDS Mobility, migration and trade in antiquity REPORT STANDPOINT INTERVIEW A Phoenician-Iberian Networked research – Link and barrier – joint venture Networked worlds Mediterranean studies acquire new significance ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE Places visited in this issue Spain, Los Castillejos de Alcorrín. Report, page 12 Arabian Peninsula, The Incense Route. Titel Story, page 36 Peru, Palpa. Cultural Heritage, page 20 The Mediterranean region. Titel Story, page 36 The Russian Federation, Cimmerian Bosporus, Germany, Munich. Everyday Archaeology, page 76 Taman Peninsula. Landscapes, page 28 Turkey, Thracian Bosporus. Landscapes, page 28 Tajikistan, Dushanbe. The Object, page34 Berlin, Head Office of the Morocco, Essaouira. Title Story, page 36 German Archaeological Institute COVER PHOTO A small island off Morocco’s Atlantic coast – in antiquity a peninsula – was where the west Phoenician maritime trade route met an African caravan road. There was sale and barter, the latest news was exchanged and tales were told from all corners of the world. The hotly traded goods were fish in great quantities, ivory, met- als, exotic animals, the amber-like resin of Thuja ber- berisca/citrus, and precious spices. Our cover photo shows Essaouira, the town on the mainland. It was known as the “harbour of Timbuktu” until the sixties. Caravans continued to arrive from the African hinterland and all European trading nations maintained consulates in the little coastal town. ARCHAEOLOGY WORLDWIDE Places visited in this issue ditorial E EDITORIAL DEAR READERS, Networking and connectivity are buzz- as often happens, they are adduced to words in all spheres of life today and the explain contemporary problems by refer- global world virtually seems a product of ence to the past, in line with the maxim: new forms of networking. -
Zeus in Exile: Archaeological Restitution As Politics of Memory
Working Paper Series, 13 Zeus in Exile: Archaeological Restitution as Politics of Memory S.M. Can Bilsel Working Paper #13, Fall 2000 Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies [email protected] (609) 258-5180) The Zeus Altar of Pergamon in Berlin Overshadowed by the debates on the Holocaust Memorial or the fate of the Berlin Wall, the reunification of archaeological collections in Berlin nevertheless poses an international problem. The question is, in a way, analogous to the current sensibilities about the future of memory, as it was called by a recent conference at Princeton University. How will the past will be framed and commemorated in a reunified Germany; what constitutes the cultural heritage of the new Berlin Republic? As Berlin assumes the role of the capital, both official and popular approaches to memory of the recent past gain a vital importance. Curiously, an internationally recognized effort on the part of the federal government to commemorate the victims of the Nazi regime goes hand in hand with a systematic repression of the more recent East German past. As the American-style malls and corporate headquarters of the Postdamer Platz, once the busiest center of Europe, celebrate the victors of the Cold War, the institutions of the East German Republic are being erased from the city. New Berlin will be a city of memory, as evident in its memorials and museums. Yet it will also remain a site of amnesia and forgetting. This paper will discuss Berlin’s contested Zeus Altar and its role as a collectively negotiated construct of memory. -
Homer, Troy and the Turks
4 HERITAGE AND MEMORY STUDIES Uslu Homer, Troy and the Turks the and Troy Homer, Günay Uslu Homer, Troy and the Turks Heritage and Identity in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1870-1915 Homer, Troy and the Turks Heritage and Memory Studies This ground-breaking series examines the dynamics of heritage and memory from a transnational, interdisciplinary and integrated approach. Monographs or edited volumes critically interrogate the politics of heritage and dynamics of memory, as well as the theoretical implications of landscapes and mass violence, nationalism and ethnicity, heritage preservation and conservation, archaeology and (dark) tourism, diaspora and postcolonial memory, the power of aesthetics and the art of absence and forgetting, mourning and performative re-enactments in the present. Series Editors Rob van der Laarse and Ihab Saloul, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Editorial Board Patrizia Violi, University of Bologna, Italy Britt Baillie, Cambridge University, United Kingdom Michael Rothberg, University of Illinois, USA Marianne Hirsch, Columbia University, USA Frank van Vree, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Homer, Troy and the Turks Heritage and Identity in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1870-1915 Günay Uslu Amsterdam University Press This work is part of the Mosaic research programme financed by the Netherlands Organisa- tion for Scientific Research (NWO). Cover illustration: Frontispiece, Na’im Fraşeri, Ilyada: Eser-i Homer (Istanbul, 1303/1885-1886) Source: Kelder, Uslu and Șerifoğlu, Troy: City, Homer and Turkey Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Typesetting: Crius Group, Hulshout Editor: Sam Herman Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. isbn 978 94 6298 269 7 e-isbn 978 90 4853 273 5 (pdf) doi 10.5117/9789462982697 nur 685 © Günay Uslu / Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2017 All rights reserved. -
Literaturliste.Pdf
A# Mark B. Abbe, A Roman Replica of the ‘South Slope Head’. Polychromy and Identification, Source. Notes in Abbe 2011 History of Art 30, 2011, S. 18–24. Abeken 1838 Wilhelm Abeken, Morgenblatt für gebildete Stände / Kunstblatt 19, 1838. Abgusssammlung Bonn 1981 Verzeichnis der Abguss-Sammlung des Akademischen Kunstmuseums der Universität Bonn (Berlin 1981). Abgusssammlung Göttingen Klaus Fittschen, Verzeichnis der Gipsabgüsse des Archäologischen Instituts der Georg-August-Universität 1990 Göttingen (Göttingen 1990). Abgusssammlung Zürich Christian Zindel (Hrsg.), Verzeichnis der Abgüsse und Nachbildungen in der Archäologischen Sammlung der 1998 Universität Zürich (Zürich 1998). ABr Paul Arndt – Friedrich Bruckmann (Hrsg.), Griechische und römische Porträts (München 1891–1942). Michael Abramić, Antike Kopien griechischer Skulpturen in Dalmatien, in: Beiträge zur älteren europäischen Abramić 1952 Geschichte. FS für Rudolf Egger I (Klagenfurt 1952) S. 303–326. Inventarium Von dem Königlichen Schloße zu Sanssouci, und den neuen Cammern, so wie solches dem Acta Inventur Schloss Castellan Herr Hackel übergeben worden. Aufgenommen den 20 Merz 1782, fol. 59r-66r: Nachtrag Mai Sanssouci 1782−1796 1796, in: Acta Die Inventur Angelegenheiten von Sanssouci betreffend. Sanssouci Inventar 1782-1825, vol. I. (SPSG, Hist. Akten, Nr. 5). Acta betreffend das Kunst- und Raritaeten-Cabinet unter Aufsicht des Herrn Henry 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801. Acta Kunst-und Königliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Abschnitt I. von 1700–1811, Abth. XV., No. 3 die Königs Cabinette Raritätenkabinett 1798–1801 a[?] des Kunst-Medaillen u. Nat. Cab. Acta Commissionii Reclamationen über gestohlene Kunstsachen. 1814, vol. 1, fol. 4r–33v: Bericht Rabes über gestohlene Kunstsachen an Staatskanzler von Hardenberg, 12. Februar 1814, fol. 81r–82r: Brief Acta Kunstsachen 1814 Henrys an Wilhelm von Humboldt, 26. -
Alexander Conze, 'Greek Relief Sculpture'
Alexander Conze, ‘Greek Relief Sculpture’ translated and edited by Karl Johns Editor’s introduction: Alexander Conze: The Bureaucrat and Art- Historiography Like a number of his colleagues, Alexander Conze (Hanover December 10, 1831- Berlin July 19, 1914), came to classical archaeology after first studying law. His interests and gifts seem to have tended more toward curatorial and administrative work rather than lecturing, and he will be primarily remembered for his part in bringing the Pergamon Altar to the Berlin museums. It may therefore seem ironic that he nevertheless had a great influence as a teacher and probably the greatest influence in another field, which was only later to be defined and brought to fruition in academia by his students as ‘the history of art.’ For the purposes of art historiography it is therefore significant that after nearly ten years at Halle as Extraordinarius, he was called to the University of Vienna as Ordinarius, taught from 1869 to 1877, where Franz Wickhoff, Alois Riegl, Emanuel Löwy and Julius Schlosser, among others, were influenced by his teachings. In the lectures given by Conze to the Prussian academy later in his career, it is not difficult to recognize a similarity to Schlosser in the binocular attraction of more abstract questions on the one hand and the aesthetic appeal of the individual object on the other. Conze also anticipated and presumably inspired the later studies made by Ernst Garger on the ground in relief sculpture and the historical place of the Monument of the Julii. Conze’s theoretical bent towards the origins and early developments of art must have been a primary feature of his lectures in Vienna. -
John Garstang and Sakçagözü Excavations (1908-1911)
Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi XXXIV / 2, 2019, 369-386 DOI: 10.18513/egetid.661552 JOHN GARSTANG AND SAKÇAGÖZÜ EXCAVATIONS (1908-1911) Ali ÇİFÇİ* Öz John Garstang ve Sakçagözü Kazıları (1908-1911)** Gaziantep ili Nurdağı ilçesinde bulunan Sakçagözü (Coba Höyük) 1908 ile 1911 yılları arasında John Garstang tarafından iki kazı sezonu çerçevesinde kazılır. Höyükte yapılan kazılarda 11 tabaka tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan IX. ve X. tabakalar Geç Hitit saray kompleksinin bulunduğu döneme tarihlendirilmekte. Bu tabakalarda etrafı sur duvarları ile çevrili bir saray kompleksi ve bu saray yapısının içerisinde rölyefler ile süslü bir ‘bit hilani’ yapısı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Liverpool Üniversitesi Garstang Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde bulunan ve kazı hafirine ait yazışmalar, kazı fotoğrafları ile İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde bulunan kazı malzemesi değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca Garstang’ın dönemin Müze-i Hümayun müdürü olan Osman Hamdi Bey ve İstanbul İngiliz konsolosluğu çalışanı Sir Edwin Pears ile olan ilişkisi, Sakçagözü’nde kazı izni alma süreci, kazılarda ortaya çıkarılan Geç Hitit kabartmalarına olan ilgisi çalışma kapsamında araştırma konusu edilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: John Garstang, Sakçagözü, Coba Höyük, Geç Hitit, heykeltıraşlık. Abstract Sakçagözü, located in the Nurdağı district of Gaziantep province, was excavated by John Garstang between 1908 and 1911 during two excavation seasons. Of the 11 identified layers, IX. and X. contain the Neo-Hittite palace enclosure, which was surrounded by walls and had a ‘bit hilani’ structure decorated with reliefs. The excavation records, photographs and materials held at the University of Liverpool’s Garstang Museum of Archaeology, as well as materials held at the Archaeological Museum of İstanbul were utilised for this study. Garstang’s relations with the director of the Imperial Museum Osman Hamdi Bey, and Sir Edwin Pears from the British Consulate in İstanbul at the time, will also be considered. -
Greek and Roman Libraries in the Hellenistic Age 33 Monica Berti
The Dead Sea Scrolls at Qumran and the Concept of a Library Edited by Sidnie White Crawford Cecilia Wassen LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents Introduction 1 Part 1 General Studies The Library of Qumran in Recent Scholarship 7 Devorah Dimant On Being a ‘Librarian’: Labels, Categories, and Classifijications 15 Årstein Justnes Part 2 The Greco-Roman Context Greek and Roman Libraries in the Hellenistic Age 33 Monica Berti The Qumran “Library” and Other Ancient Libraries: Elements for a Comparison 55 Corrado Martone Is Qumran a Library? 78 Ian Werrett Part 3 The Collection as a Whole and the Question of a Library The Qumran Collection as a Scribal Library 109 Sidnie White Crawford The Linguistic Diversity of the Texts Found at Qumran 132 Stephen Reed For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV vi contents Plates The Ancient ‘Library’ of Qumran between Urban and Rural Culture 155 Mladen Popović The Ancient “Library” or “Libraries” of Qumran: The Specter of Cave 1Q 168 Stephen Pfann Part 4 Collections within the Collection: Specifijic Evidence for a Library? Calendars in the Qumran Collection 217 Helen R. Jacobus The Aramaic Dead Sea Scrolls: Coherence and Context in the Library of Qumran 244 Daniel A. Machiela Part 5 Implications for the Identifijication of the Qumran Collection as a Library The Qumran Library in Context: The Canonical History and Textual Standardization of the Hebrew Bible in Light of the Qumran Library 261 Armin Lange Bibliography 281 Index of Modern Authors 322 Index of Biblical Literature 328 Index of Texts from the Judean Desert 330 Index of Other Ancient Sources 335 For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV Greek and Roman Libraries in the Hellenistic Age Monica Berti This paper aims at exploring the birth and growth of libraries in ancient Greece and Rome during the last two centuries BCE and the 1st century CE.