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Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda Mcclelland Washington University in St

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Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda Mcclelland Washington University in St Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Summer 8-26-2013 Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens Grizelda McClelland Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd Recommended Citation McClelland, Grizelda, "Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens" (2013). All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). 1150. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1150 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Classics Department of Art History and Archaeology Dissertation Examination Committee: Susan I. Rotroff, Chair Wendy Love Anderson William Bubelis Robert D. Lamberton George Pepe Sarantis Symeonoglou Constructions of Childhood on the Funerary Monuments of Roman Athens by Grizelda D. McClelland A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2013 St. Louis, Missouri © 2013, Grizelda Dunn McClelland Table of Contents Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... vii Dedication ....................................................................................................................... viii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. ix Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 Scholarship, Provenance and Number ................................................................................ 3 Summary of Chapters ........................................................................................................ 10 Chapter One .................................................................................................................... 12 Roman Athens: A Summary .......................................................................................... 12 Rebuilding Athens under Rome ......................................................................................... 14 Economic and Political Realities of Roman Rule ............................................................. 20 Chapter Two .................................................................................................................... 26 The Corpus ...................................................................................................................... 26 Size of Corpus ................................................................................................................... 26 Architectural Forms and Construction ............................................................................. 27 Chronological Range and Problems ................................................................................. 29 Sculptural Subjects ............................................................................................................ 35 Milesians and other Foreign Residents of Athens ............................................................ 38 Defining the Iconographic Sequence of Childhood .......................................................... 39 Chapter Three ................................................................................................................. 26 The Iconography of the Deceased Female Child: Maiden Monuments ..................... 50 Literary Background ......................................................................................................... 51 Maiden Honorands: On Shoulders, Birds and Cosmopolitan Brides ............................... 54 Iconographic Antecedents .............................................................................................. 56 On Birds ......................................................................................................................... 64 Conclusion: Cosmopolitan Beauties ................................................................................. 76 Chapter Four ................................................................................................................... 78 The Iconography of the Deceased Male Children ........................................................ 78 Monuments of Infants and Toddlers ................................................................................. 78 Literary Background ..................................................................................................... 81 Reading the Infant and Toddler Monuments ................................................................ 85 Boys to Men ................................................................................................................. 88 Monuments of Prepubescent Boys .................................................................................. 102 Nude with Chlamys .................................................................................................... 103 Long Himation ........................................................................................................... 120 ii Hip-mantle and Nude ................................................................................................. 135 The Short Chiton ........................................................................................................ 137 Monuments of Youths and Ephebes ............................................................................... 138 Nude/Semi Nude Youths .............................................................................................. 148 Long Himation .............................................................................................................. 154 Ephebic Chlamydes ...................................................................................................... 159 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 167 Catalog ............................................................................................................................. 170 Bibliography .................................................................................................................... 248 Figures .............................................................................................................................. 258 iii List of Figures 1. Simple shaft stele and shaft stele with pediment. Illustration: Moock 1998 Supplement 6 and 7. 2. Frame stele. Illustration: Moock 1998 Supplement 6. 3. Naiskos stele. Illustration: Moock 1998 Supplement 6. 4. Parian girl with Doves. New York, Metropolitan Museum. 5. Girl with pet bird. Rome, Museo Capitolino. 6. Girl playing knucklebones. Berlin, Pergamon Museum. 7. Artemis from Parthenon frieze. London, British Museum. 8. Aphrodite from Parthenon pediment. London, British Museum. 9. Detail of Aphrosite from pediment. London, British Museum. 10. Drunken old woman. Munich, Glyptotek Museum. 11. Claudia Octavia. Naples, Archaeological Museum of the Phlegraean Fields. 12. Iunia Pia funerary altar of Iunia Venesta. Rome, Museo Capitolino. 13. Detail of wall painting from Villa of Poppaea. Oplontis, Villa of Poppaea. 14. Figurine of Eros with grapes. Athens, the Athenian Agora. 15. Figurine of Eros with syrinx. Athens, the Athenian Agora. 16. Bronze Boy with Dove. Ioannina, Museum of Ioannina. 17. Votive statue of boy. Brauron, Brauron Museum. 18. Kerameikos bust of a boy. Athens, Kerameikos Museum. 19. Cate Stele. Athens, National Museum. 20. Diomedes. Paris, Louvre Museum. 21. Chairedemos and Lykeas. Piraeus, Piraeus Museum. 22. Vespasian Divus portrait. Misenum, Collegium of the Augustales. 23. Stele of a hunter. Munich, Glyptotek. 24. Lekythos of the Tithonos painter. New York, Metropoliatn Museum. 25. Portrait bust of Caracalla. London, British Museum. 26. Myrina terracotta of Harpocrates. Boston, Museum of Fine Arts. 27. Myrina terracotta of Harpocrates. Paris, Louvre. 28. Silver Harpocrates figurine. London, British Museum. 29. Gold Harpocrates pendant. Baltimore, Walters Art Museum. 30. Aichines. Naples, Museo Archaeologico Nazionale. 31. Eretria youth. Athens, National Museum. 32. Terracotta of youth. Athens, the Athenian Agora. 33. Terracotta of youth. Athens, the Athenian Agora. 34. Hydria, Mission to Achilles. Munich, Antikensammlungen. 35. Neronian bust of charioteer. Rome, Museo Nazionale Romano. 36. Statue of Sabina as Ceres, Ostia, Museo Ostiense. 37. Douris vase. Berlin, Staatlich Museen Antiksammlungen. 38. Archelaus relief. London, British Museum. 39. Stele of Ktesileos and Theano. Athens, National Museum. 40. Alexander sarcophagus. Istanbul, Istanbul Archaeological Museum. 41. Attic Kouros. New York, Metropolitan Museum. 42. Niobid painter krater.
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