DOCSLIB.ORG

Aquaculture Development. 9. Development of Aquatic Genetic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aquaculture Development. 9. Development of Aquatic Genetic ISSN 1020-5292 i FAO TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RESPONSIBLE FISHERIES 5 Suppl. 9 AQUACAQUACULTUREULTURE DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT 9.9. DevelopmentDevelopment ofof aquaticaquatic geneticgenetic resources:resources: Aquatic genetic resources for food and agriculture play a vital role in contributing to global food security and nutrition, as well as sustainable livelihoods. FAO, in AA frameworkframework ofof essentialessential criteriacriteria consultation with the Committee on Fisheries Advisory Working Group on Aquatic Genetic Resources and Technologies agreed on the need to develop this Framework to support countries in assessing their national capacities to conserve, sustainably use and develop their aquatic genetic resources of relevance for the aquaculture sector. The guidance within the Framework covers five main components: information and databases; governance, policy and planning; infrastructure and equipment; capacity building and training; and enabling the private sector. Each component contains a set of essential requirements that would need to be created or better developed. A number of annexes and case studies on specific topics are also included to provide further guidance on implementing the essential requirements under the different components. Cover illustration: José Luis Castilla Civit FAO TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RESPONSIBLE FISHERIES 5 Suppl. 9 AQUACULTUREAQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT 9.9. Development Development ofof aquaticaquatic geneticgenetic resources:resources: AA frameworkframework ofof essentialessential criteriacriteria FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2018 Required citation: FAO. 2018. Aquaculture Development 9. Development of aquatic genetic resources: A framework of essential criteria. TG5 Suppl. 9. Rome. 88 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-131093-9 © FAO, 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non- commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) as at present in force. Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence- request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. iii PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT n initial Framework was developed by D.M. Bartley and submitted to selected experts in AqGR who made substantial Arevisions in its organization in order to make the Framework more user friendly and concise, with supporting material included in Annexes. The Framework was further revised through the workshop “SADC-WorldFish-FAO Platform for Genetics in Aquaculture and Validation of the FAO Framework on Sustainable Use, Management And Conservation Of Aquatic Genetic Resources For Aquaculture”, 25–29 September 2017, held in Lusaka, Zambia. Finally, the Framework was reviewed by the FAO Committee on Fisheries’ (COFI) Advisory Working Group on Aquatic Genetic Resources and Technologies (Working Group), at their second session in Rome. In addition to the members of the COFI Advisory Working Group, the following people contributed to this final version of the Framework: D.M. Bartley, M. Halwart, Z. Jeney, K.K. Lal, D. Lucente, G.C. Mair and A. Stankus. The Government of Germany’s support for the development of the Framework is greatly appreciated. v CONTENTS Preparation of this document iii Acronyms and abbreviations vii Background ix Introduction 1 A Framework of Minimum Requirements 2 Information and databases 3 Governance, policy and planning 4 Infrastructure and equipment 5 Capacity building and training 5 Enabling the private sector 6 How to use the Framework 7 ANNEXES: 1 – Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System List 14 2 – Genetic technologies for the characterization of AqGR 15 3 – Technologies for genetically improving aquatic species 18 4 – Glossary 21 5 – Tools for the effective management of AqGR 23 Codes of Practice on Introductions 23 Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) 24 Precautionary Approach 26 6 – Capacity building 30 7 – Working with the private sector 31 CASE STUDIES 33 Case study 1. AqGR information management: German database on AqGR 34 Case study 2. Genetic improvement of tilapia in the Volta Basin 39 Case study 3. Selective breeding and dissemination of farmed aquaculture strains: the GIFT project and the INGA network 42 Case study 4. Impact of aquatic exotic species in the Pacific 54 Case study 5. Developing and distribution of the Jian Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. jian) in China 60 Case study 6. Enabling the private sector: The Chile Foundation 64 Case study 7. Genetic resources management policy in Iran (Islamic Republic of) 67 vii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AGRDEU National Inventory for Aquatic Genetic Resources (Germany) AqGR Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture AREEO Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (Islamic Republic of Iran) ARDEC Aquaculture Research and Development Centre (Ghana) ASFIS Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System BLE Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (Germany) CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CCRF Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries COFI FAO Committee on Fisheries CRISPR Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats DOI Digital Object Identifier eDNA Environmental DNA FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FCh Chile Foundation FFRC Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences GIFT Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia the Framework Framework of Minimum Requirements for Sustainable Management, Development, Conservation and Use of Aquatic Genetic Resources IBV Coordination Centre for Biological Diversity viii ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICLARM International Centre for Living Aquatic Resources Management (now known as WorldFish) IFSRI Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute IHHN Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis IMPs Introduced Marine Pests INGA International Network for Genetics in Aquaculture ISCAAP International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature MTA Material Transfer Agreement NASCO North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organization PICT Pacific Island Countries and Territories PIT Passive Integrated Transponder PNG Papua New Guinea PPP Private Public Partnership R&D Research and Development SNPs Single-nucleotide polymorphisms SoW AqGR State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture TIVO Tilapia Volta UNDP United Nations Development Program URL Uniform Resource Locator Working Group COFI Advisory Working Group on Aquatic Genetic Resources and Technologies ix BACKGROUND 1. From ancient times, fishing from oceans, lakes and rivers has been a major source of food, a provider of employment and other economic benefits for humanity. Ocean productivity seemed particularly unlimited. However, with increased knowledge and the dynamic development of fisheries and aquaculture, it was realized that living aquatic resources, although renewable, are not infinite and need to be properly managed, if their contribution to the nutritional, economic
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evolution and Sustainability of the Olive Production Systems
    Evolution and sustainability of the olive production systems Fernandez Escobar R., de la Rosa R., Leon L., Gomez J.A., Testi F., Orgaz M., Gil-Ribes J.A., Quesada-Moraga E., Trapero A. in Arcas N. (ed.), Arroyo López F.N. (ed.), Caballero J. (ed.), D'Andria R. (ed.), Fernández M. (ed.), Fernandez Escobar R. (ed.), Garrido A. (ed.), López-Miranda J. (ed.), Msallem M. (ed.), Parras M. (ed.), Rallo L. (ed.), Zanoli R. (ed.). Present and future of the Mediterranean olive sector Zaragoza: CIHEAM / IOC Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 106 2013 pages 11-42 Article available on line / Article disponible en ligne à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=6803 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To cite this article / Pour citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fernandez Escobar R., de la Rosa R., Leon L., Gomez J.A., Testi F., Orgaz M., Gil-Ribes J.A., Q uesada- Moraga E., Trapero A. Evolution and sustainability of the olive production systems. In : Arcas N. (ed.), Arroyo López F.N. (ed.), Caballero J. (ed.), D'Andria R. (ed.), Fernández M. (ed.), Fernandez
    [Show full text]
  • For Peer Review
    Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Impact assessment of mechanical harvest on fruit physiology and consequences on oil physicochemical and sensorial quality from ‘Manzanilla de Sevilla’ and ‘Manzanilla Cacereña’ super-high density hedgerows. A For Peerpreliminary Review study Journal: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Manuscript ID: JSFA-14-1781.R1 Wiley - Manuscript type: Research Article Date Submitted by the Author: 15-Oct-2014 Complete List of Authors: Morales-Sillero, Ana; Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales Garcia, Jose; Instituto de la Grasa, Fisiología y Tecnología de Productos Vegetales Olea europaea L, SHD orchards, grape straddle harvester, ethylene Key Words: production, oxidative stability, phenols [email protected] Page 1 of 30 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1 2 3 Impact assessment of mechanical harvest on fruit physiology and consequences on 4 5 oil physicochemical and sensorial quality from ‘Manzanilla de Sevilla’ and 6 7 ‘Manzanilla Cacereña’ super-high density hedgerows. A preliminary study 8 9 10 11 12 Running title: Impact of grape harvester on fruit physiology and oil quality from 13 14 SHD olive hedgerows 15 16 17 18 Ana Morales-Sillero,Fora José MªPeer García b* Review 19 20 * b 21 Correspondence to: José Mª García Dpto. Fisiología y Tecnología de Productos 22 23 Vegetales. Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC). Avda. Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Sevilla, 24 25 Spain. E-mai:l [email protected] 26 27 28 29 a 30 Dpto. Ciencias Agroforestales, ETSIA, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Utrera, 31 32 km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain. 33 34 b Dpto.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Pomological Traits and Classification of Some Olive Cultivars in Zanjan Province
    ”ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر” ﺟﻠﺪ 1-28، ﺷﻤﺎره 1، ﺳﺎل 1391ت ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر ﺟﻠﺪ 1-29 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 4، ﺳﺎل 1392 ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﭘﻮﻣﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ و ﮔﺮوهﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ارﻗﺎم زﻳﺘﻮن در اﺳﺘﺎن زﻧﺠﺎن Evaluation of Pomological Traits and Classification of some Olive Cultivars in Zanjan Province اﻟﻬﺎم ﭘﻮراﺳﻜﻨﺪري1، ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ2، ﺟﻼل ﺻﺒﺎ3 و ﻣﻬﺪي ﻃﺎﻫﺮي4 1، 2 و 3- ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داﻧﺸﺠﻮي ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺑﺎﻏﺒﺎﻧﻲ، اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر و داﻧﺸﻴﺎر، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زﻧﺠﺎن 4- ﻣﺮﺑﻲ، ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ زﻧﺠﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ: 6/6/1391 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش: 1391/12/10 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﭘﻮراﺳﻜﻨﺪري، ا .، ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻧﻲ، ع .، ﺻﺒﺎ، ج . و ﻃﺎﻫﺮي، م. 1392. ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﭘﻮﻣﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ و ﮔﺮوهﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ارﻗـﺎم زﻳﺘـﻮن در اﺳـﺘﺎن زﻧﺠـﺎن . ﻣﺠﻠـﻪ ﺑﻪﻧﮋادي ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر 29-1: 636 - 623. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻣﻴﻮه و ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻨﺪي ارﻗﺎم زﻳﺘﻮن، آزﻣﺎﻳـﺸﻲ روي ﺑﻴـﺴﺖ رﻗـﻢ زﻳﺘـﻮن ﻃـﻲ دو ﺳـﺎ ل (1390-1389) در اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت زﻳﺘﻮن ﮔﻴﻠﻮان (زﻧﺠﺎن) اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ . آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃـﺮح اﺳـﭙﻠﻴﺖ ﭘـﻼت در زﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ . ﮔﺮوهﺑﻨﺪي ارﻗﺎم ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺻـﻔﺎت وزن ﺗـﺮ و ﺧـﺸﻚ ﻣﻴـﻮه، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ و درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي و ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪ . ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﻣﻴﺎن رﻗﻢ، ﺳﺎل و اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮاي اﻛﺜﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داد . ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳـﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي و ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ، ارﻗﺎم از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ از ﻳﻚ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ . ﺑـﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس، ارﻗ ﺎم ﻛﺎرﻳﺪوﻟﻴﺎ، ﭘﻴﻜﻮآل، وﻟﻴﻮﺗﻴﻜﻲ و ﻛﺎﻳﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ وزن ﻣﻴﻮه و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ را داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻨﺴﺮوي وSID ارﻗﺎم ﻛﺎﻳﻠﺘﻪ، of ﻛﺮوﻧﺎﺋﻴﻜﻲ، آرﺑﻜﻴﻦ، ﻟﭽﻴﻨﻮ، ﺑﻠﻴﺪي و ﻧﺒﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎ Archiveدرﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﻻي روﻏﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ارﻗﺎم روﻏﻨﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ .
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 266.47 K
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22092/cbj.2012.100455 Genetic and morphological variation in Iranian olive (Olea europaea L.) germplasm E. Dastkara*, A. Soleimanib, H. Jafaryc, and M. R. Naghavid a,cAgricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zanjan Province, Zanjan, Iran bFaculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. dAgricultural and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran *Corresponding author’s E-mail address: [email protected] Received: March 2013 Accepted: October 2013 ABSTRACT Dastkar, E., Soleimani, A., Jafary, H., and Naghavi, M. R. 2013. Genetic and morphological variation in Iranian olive (Olea europaea L.) germplasm. Crop Breeding Journal 3(2):99-106. Olive cultivars with specific characteristics have been developed thanks to Iran’s particular climatic conditions and long-term olive cultivation. The genetic variation and relationships among 40 olive cultivars, as well as 17 unknown genotypes from the national olive collection orchard at Tarom Research Station, Zanjan, Iran, were evaluated using SSR markers. Using 10 microsatellite primer pairs, 43 polymorphic bands were obtained on 57 olive genotypes. In addition to molecular markers, 14 morphological traits were measured in all olive genotypes. Based on discriminant and cluster analysis, the group of Iranian genotypes showed the greatest genetic distance from Spanish, Greek, Syrian, Italian and French groups. Based on cluster analysis using molecular and morphological data, most of the unknown genotypes showed high genetic similarity with genotypes from Spain and Syria. Despite the high genetic variation among cultivars in each group, geographical origin had significant impact on observed variability using Shannon’s information index and polymorphism information of olive accessions.
    [Show full text]
  • 100 Years of Breeding
    100 years of breeding CEREAL FIBER FORAGE FRUIT GERMPLASM NUTS OILSEED ORNAMENTAL VEGETABLE PLANT BREEDING ACADEMY RESEARCH AND InfORMATION CENTERS Plant Breeding Program COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Office of the Dean COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AOffice ofnote the Dean from the editor ummarizing 100 years of history not only California, but the United Sin plant breeding at UC Davis is States and in many cases the world, a formidable task. As a land-grant to enjoy fresh produce throughout university, UC Davis has played the year. This publication captures a major role in developing and the impact that UC Davis has had managing many of the more than on developing crops through plant 350 plant commodities now grown breeding over the last century and in California. The diversity of crops just as importantly, highlights the ranges across vegetables, fruits, nuts, people who have made this possible. grains, forages, ornamentals and turf. ! In the early 1900s the focus was on a few grain crops, and has expanded considerably since that time. The application of plant breeding and training of breeders at UC Davis ALLEN VAN DEYNZE focused on the unique and diverse (530) 754-6444 California environment, allowing [email protected] Table of contents Peach, processing 20 VEGETABLE Strawberry 22 Artichoke 36 Dean’s address 3 Prune and plum 24 Carrot 37 Celery 38 CEREAL GERMPLASM Garlic 39 Oat 4 Foundation Seed Program 25 Grain legumes 40 Other Triticeae 5 Foundation Plant Services 26 Lettuce 42 Rice
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Olive Genome Irene Consuelo Julca Chávez
    ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi queda condicionat a lʼacceptació de les condicions dʼús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://cat.creativecommons.org/?page_id=184 ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis queda condicionado a la aceptación de las condiciones de uso establecidas por la siguiente licencia Creative Commons: http://es.creativecommons.org/blog/licencias/ WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis it is limited to the acceptance of the use conditions set by the following Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en Analysis of the Olive genome Irene Consuelo Julca Chavez´ Universitat Autonoma` de Barcelona Faculty of Bioscience Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology TESI DOCTORAL UAB 2017 Analysis of the Olive genome A thesis submitted by Irene Consuelo Julca Chavez´ for the degree of Doctor in Plant Biology and Biotechnology under the direction of Dr. Toni Gabaldon,´ Dr. Pablo Vargas, and tutored by Dr. Josep Allue` This thesis has been inscribed in the Plant Biology and Biotechnology PhD program from the Universitat Autonoma` de Barcelona Director Codirector Dr. Toni Gabaldon´ Dr. Pablo Vargas Centre for Genomic Regulation Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid Tutor PhD student Dr. Josep Allue` Irene Julca Universitat Autonoma` de Barcelona Universitat Autonoma` de Barcelona Barcelona, September 2017 A mis padres Delia Ch´avezy Jos´eJulca. ”Discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen, and thinking what nobody has thought.” Albert Szent-Gy¨orgyi Acknowledgments A veces pequenas˜ decisiones cambian el curso de nuestras vidas. Todo empezo´ cuando decid´ı dejar el laboratorio y las pipetas por bioinformatica.´ Que idea mas´ loca, iniciar todo de nuevo y encima trabajando en genomas de plantas! En esta historia hubo un poco de suerte porque encontre´ un grupo muy agradable, aqu´ı en Barcelona.
    [Show full text]
  • CHECKLIST for CULTIVARS of Salix L. (Willow)
    CHECKLIST for CULTIVARS of Salix L. (willow) International Salix Cultivar Registration Authority FAO - International Poplar Commission FIRST VERSION November 2015 Yulia A. Kuzovkina ISBN: 978-0-692-56242-0 CHECKLIST for CULTIVARS of Salix L. (willow) CONTENTS Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….3 Glossary………………………………………………………………………………………...5 Cultivar names in alphabetical order………………………………………………………..6 Cultivar names by species…………………………………………………………………...32 Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………………157 References……………………………………………………………………………………157 AGM = UK Award of Garden Merit plant and other awards made by the RHS Council CPVO = Community Plant Variety Office database (https://cpvoextranet.cpvo.europa.eu/ ) IPC FAO = International Poplar Commission of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations LNWP = List of Names of Woody Plants: International Standard ENA (European Nurserystock Association) 2010–2015 or 2005–2010 by M. Hoffman. PIO = Plant Information Online (University of Minnesota) PS= PlantScope (www.plantscope.nl) RHS HD= Royal Horticultural Society Horticultural Database RHS PF = Royal Horticultural Society Plant Finder Page 2 CHECKLIST for CULTIVARS of Salix L. (willow) Introduction The Checklist for Cultivars of Salix L. includes all possible cultivar names with comments. The cultivar name entry may include the following: Epithet. Accepted names are given in bold type. Bibliography. This is presented in parentheses after the epithet whenever available and includes the original botanical name to
    [Show full text]
  • Irrigation and Water Quality for Olive.Pdf
    Sustainable irrigation scheduling and water quality for olives Kostas Chartzoulakis ELGO, Institute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Grapevines, Agrokipio 731 00, Chania, Crete, Greece Abstract Olive trees can grow without irrigation in areas with annual rainfall of 400-600 mm, but for high yields irrigation during the dry months is essential. The critical growth stages for water for olive are: 1) the bud differentiation 2) the flowering and fruit-set and 3) the pit hardening and rapid fruit development. Water deficits may result in reduced number of inflorescences, production of imperfect flowers, flower drop and reduction of the fruit set percentage. Furthermore, it reduces the annual shoot length, leaf area, leaf number and next years‟ yield. Adequate soil water increase the number of fruits (mostly to trees with small or medium production) and the total oil production per plant, while fruit oil content is reduced from 0 to 10%. Irrigation may reduce polyphenol content and increase saturated fatty acids, while K232, K220 values and organoleptic olive oil characteristics are not affected. The irrigation requirements of olive tree vary according to the cultivar and the growth stage. Olive tree is considered as moderately salt tolerant and recent studies suggest that olives can be irrigated with water containing 3200 mg/l of salt (ECw of 5 dS/m) producing new growth at leaf Na levels of 0.4-0.5% d.w. Salt tolerance in olives appears to be cultivar-dependent and is likely due to control of net salt import to the shoot. High salinity generally reduces olive yield. Salinity increases or does not affect oil content of the fruit, although the extent of this reduction changes with cultivar.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Fingerprinting of Palestinian Olive (Olea Europea L.) Cultivars Using SNP Markers
    Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 5, No.3, 2009 Genetic Fingerprinting of Palestinian Olive (Olea europea L.) Cultivars Using SNP Markers Rezq A. Basheer-Salimia* , Murad K. Awad * and Panagiotis K. Kalaitzis ** ABSTRACT The study of the genetic relationships among Palestinian olive cultivars is very important in order to assess their genetic diversity and structural details. A collection of five cultivars including Roomi, Souri, Improved Nabali, Barenge K18 and Wild Type were analyzed by using the sequences of two genes' fragments in which a panel of twenty-five Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. It is found that this group of SNPs is not efficient enough to discriminate among all of the cultivars. However, it is useful for varietal survey and construction of a database of Palestinian olive cultivars and for providing additional information that could constitute the basis for a rational scheme of breeding programs. Keywords: Genetic fingerprinting, SNP markers, Olive (Olea europea L.). INTRODUCTION The archaeological findings demonstrate that the Syrian- Palestinian region was the center of origin of olive The Olive (Olea europea L.) is the most important cultivation (Zohary and Hopf, 1994; Remesal- crop in Palestinian agriculture in terms of area covered Rodriguez, 1996; Basheer-Salimia, 2004). as well as economic returns. It covers about (100000) Genetically, olive, an ancient tree (Lopes et al., hectares distributed all over the West Bank and Gaza 2004), is an outcrossing diploid species (2n = 46) (Reale strip and it is distinguished as the major tree in the rain et al., 2006) cultivated throughout the Mediterranean fed areas, covering about 45% of the total cultivated area basin (Reale et al., 2006; Taamalli et al., 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence-Tagged Site Marker
    Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence-Tagged Site Marker Roberto Mariotti, Alice Fornasiero, Soraya Mousavi, Nicolò G.M. Cultrera, Federico Brizioli, Saverio Pandolfi, Valentina Passeri, Martina Rossi, Gabriele Magris, Simone Scalabrin, et al. To cite this version: Roberto Mariotti, Alice Fornasiero, Soraya Mousavi, Nicolò G.M. Cultrera, Federico Brizioli, et al.. Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence-Tagged Site Marker. Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers, 2020, 10, 10.3389/fpls.2019.01760. hal-02997321 HAL Id: hal-02997321 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02997321 Submitted on 25 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 28 January 2020 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01760 Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence- Tagged Site Marker † † Roberto Mariotti 1 , Alice Fornasiero 2,3
    [Show full text]
  • Marcadores Moleculares De Dna E Suas Aplicações Na
    African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(8), pp. 767-779, 20 February, 2013 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJBX12.015 ISSN 1684–5315 ©2013 Academic Journals Review Applications of biotechnology in olive Geraldo Magela de Almeida Cançado1*, Tesfahun Alemu Setotaw1 and Juliano Lino Ferreira2 1Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Caldas, MG, Zip Code 37.780-000, Brazil. 2Embrapa Pecuária Sul. Bagé, RS, Zip Code 96401-970, Brazil. Accepted 21 December, 2012 Many scientific and technological fields make use of biotechnology. Among the most important applications of biotechnology in agriculture are large-scale commercial micropropagation, genetic transformation and the development of transgenic varieties, embryo rescue in plant breeding programs, genotyping based on DNA markers, studies of genetic evolution and diversity, and genome sequencing. These myriad applications of modern biotechnology and molecular biology are being applied to the olive tree, a crop cultivated for thousands of years in many places of the world and whose products are consumed globally. The selection and development of olive cultivars by conventional breeding methods is costly and time consuming, therefore, the application of biotechnology procedures and techniques, such as in vitro cultivation, molecular markers, and genomic and genetic transformation in this species may facilitate the improvement of important traits of this crop, such as biotic and abiotic resistance and tolerance, yield performance and oil quality. In this review, we present current applications of modern biotechnology and molecular biology in olive species. Key words: Olea europaea, tissue culture, molecular markers, genetic transformation, genomic diversity. INTRODUCTION Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a perennial plant species that combination of techniques that permit the manipulation is widely cultivated and consumed worldwide, including in and use of microorganisms, plants and animals with the Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Sorghum Breeding
    A Guide to Sorghum Breeding Second Edition Leland R. House January 1985 ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT Patancheru P.O. Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India CONTENTS Foreword vii Morphology of Sorghum 12 About This Book viii Roots 12 Acknowledgments ix Culms 13 SECTION 1. THE SORGHUM PLANT: USES, Leaves 13 CHARACTERISTICS, DISTRIBUTION Infloresence 14 Sorghum Uses 1 Panicle 14 Basic Characteristics 2 Raceme 14 Yield Potential 2 Adaptability 2 SECTION 3. GENETICS Fertilizer Response 2 Basic Genetics 27 Water Relations 2 Biological Variation 27 Temperature Relations 2 Basis of Heredity 28 Plant Protection 2 Mitosis 29 Current Production Data 3 Process of Mitosis 29 Sorghum Domestication 3 Meiosis 29 Origin 3 Process of Melosis 31 Early Geographic Spread 4 Gametogenesls and Fertilization 33 Taxonomy 4 Fertilization 33 Species Classifications 4 Single-Factor Inheritance 33 Cultivated Sorghum 7 Basic Laws 33 Wild Sorghum 9 Symbols 36 References 9 Alleles 36 Intermediate Phenotypes 37 SECTION 2. THE SORGHUM PLANT: GROWTH STAGES AND MORPHOLOGY Segregation 37 Growth Stages 11 Test Cross 37 Vegetative Phase 11 Reduction of Heterozygosity by Selfing 38 Germination and Seedling Backcrossing 38 Development 11 Reproductive Phase 11 Independent Assortment 40 Inflorescence Development Dlhybrid Segregation 40 and Fertilization 11 Dihybrld Test Cross 41 Maturation Phase 12 Linkage 42 Seed Development 12 Linked Genes 42 Crossing Over 42 SECTION 4. SORGHUM IMPROVEMENT: Chromosome Mapping 42 METHODS AND PROCEDURES
    [Show full text]