DOCSLIB.ORG

Turkey April 2005 CR[1]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Turkey April 2005 CR[1] TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT April 2005 Country Information & Policy Unit IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Turkey April 2005 CONTENTS 1. Scope of the document 1.1 – 1.10 2. Geography 2.1 – 2.3 3. Economy 3.1 – 3.5 Corruption 3.6 – 3.7 4. History 4.1 – 4.58 General Election 1995 4.3 The National Security Council’s (MGK) actions 1997 4.4 – 4.7 General Election 1999 4.8 – 4.11 Conflict with the PKK (Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan - Kurdistan Workers’ Party) 4.12 – 4.24 European Union reforms 2001-2002 4.25 – 4.30 General Election 2002 4.31 –4.32 European Union reforms 2002-2004 4.33 – 4.48 Suicide bombings 2003-2004 4.49 – 4.51 Release of Kurdish Deputies 4.52 – 4.58 5. State Structures 5.1– 5.163 The Constitution 5.1 – 5.7 Citizenship and Nationality 5.8 – 5.10 Political system 5.11 – 5.17 National Security Council (MGK) or (NSC) 5.18 – 5.23 Local Government 5.24 – 5.28 The Judiciary 5.29 – 5.37 Military Courts 5.38 State Security Courts (DGM) 5.39 – 5.42 The Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) 5.43 – 5.46 Legal rights/detention 5.47 - 5.51 Right to legal advice 5.52 – 5.57 Detention for questioning prior to formal arrest 5.58 – 5.61 The problem of falsified documents 5.62 – 5.63 The General Information Gathering System (GBTS) 5.64- 5.73 Death Penalty 5.74 – 5.76 Internal Security 5.77 – 5.93 Police 5.77 – 5.79 Jandarma/ Gendarmerie 5.80 – 5.82 Special Forces 5.83 Intelligence Agency (MIT) 5.84 Village Guards 5.85 – 5.93 Prisons and Prison conditions 5.94 – 5.103 F-type prisons 5.104 – 5.113 Monitoring of prison conditions 5.114 –5.118 Military service 5.119 – 5.125 Deferring military service 5.126 – 5.127 Evasion of military service and punishment 5.128 – 5.130 Conscientious objectors 5.131 – 5.137 Posting after completion of basic training 5.138 – 5.139 Discrimination in the armed forces 5.140 – 5.143 Medical services 5.144 – 5.160 Cost of treatment 5.147– 5.148 Mental Health 5.149 – 5.153 HIV/AIDS 5.154 – 5.155 People with disabilities 5.156 – 5.160 Educational system 5.161– 5.163 6. Human Rights 6A. Human Rights Issues 6.1 – 6.459 General 6.1 – 6.32 Torture 6.33– 6.55 Medical examinations in detention 6.56 – 6.63 Turkey April 2005 Prosecution of State officials accused of ill-treatment 6.64 – 6.81 Enforcement of Human Rights 6.82 Disappearances 6.83 – 6.84 Freedom of speech and the media 6.85 – 6.86 Freedom of speech/expression 6.87 – 6.99 Freedom of media/press 6.100 – 6.113 The High Board of Radio and Television (RTUK) 6.114 – 6.119 Internet 6.120 Freedom of religion 6.121 – 6.138 Headscarves 6.139 – 6.147 Alevis, including Alevi Kurds 6.148 – 6.155 Mystical Sufi and other religious-social orders and lodges 6.156 Non-Muslim minorities 6.157– 6.159 Christians 6.160 – 6.167 Jews 6.168 Freedom of assembly and association 6.169 – 6.187 Employment rights 6.188 – 6.189 Main Trade Union confederations 6.190 Main Employers Associations 6.191 People trafficking 6.192 – 6.200 Freedom of movement 6.201 – 6.206 Nüfus card/ identity card 6.207 – 6.210 Treatment of foreigners seeking asylum in Turkey 6.211 – 6.217 6B. Human Rights –Specific Groups 6.218 – 6.355 Ethnic Groups 6.218 – 6.223 Kurds 6.224 – 6.229 Kurdish language 6.230 – 6.235 Teaching in Kurdish 6.236 – 6.240 Pro-Kurdish political parties 6.241 – 6.256 PKK/KADEK/Kongra-Gel and the conflict in the Southeast 6.257 – 6.270 Internally displaced people (IDPs) and the return to villages programme 6.271 – 6.283 Newroz/Nevruz celebrations 6.284 – 6.286 Arabs 6.287 – 6.289 Caucasians 6.290 Armenians 6.291 Greeks 6.292 Women 6.293 – 6.308 Honour killings 6.309 – 6.316 Virginity testing 6.317 – 6.322 Employment/Gender equality 6.323 – 6.330 Children 6.331 – 6.338 Child care arrangements 6.339– 6.342 Homosexuals 6.343 – 6.351 Transvestites 6.352 – 6.354 Transsexuals 6.355 6c. Human Rights – Other Issues 6.356 – 6.459 Members of illegal organisations 6.356 – 6.360 Activists engaging in marginal activities for illegal organisations 6.361 – 6.362 Relatives of members of illegal organisations 6.363 – 6.366 Treatment of returned failed asylum seekers 6.367 – 6.375 Return of Turkish Kurds from Iraq 6.376 – 6.378 Government monitoring of human rights 6.379 – 6.382 Training on human rights 6.383 – 6.386 Reform Monitoring Group 6.387 Human Rights Presidency and Human Rights Boards/Councils 6.388 – 6.394 Parliamentary Human Rights Commission/ Parliamentary Human Rights Investigation 6.395 – 6.399 Committee Prison Inspection Committees/Prison Monitoring Boards 6.400 – 6.402 The Gendarmes Investigation and Evaluation Centre for Human Rights Abuse Issues 6.403– 6.407 Turkey April 2005 (JIHIDEM) European Court of Human Rights 6.408 – 6.414 Treatment of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) 6.415 – 6.429 Human Rights Association (HRA) / Insan Haklari Dernegi (IHD) 6.430 – 6.441 Turkish Human Rights Foundation (HRF) / Türkiye Insan Haklari Vakfi (TIHV) 6.442 – 6.447 Mazlum-Der 6.448 – 6.451 State of emergency 6.452 – 6.456 Blood feuds 6.457 – 6.459 ANNEX A: Chronology ANNEX B: Parties which contest parliamentary elections ANNEX C: Main leftist and/or illegal political organisations ANNEX D: Prominent people ANNEX E: Martial Law and State of Emergency in Turkey ANNEX F: Administration of justice ANNEX G: The court system ANNEX H: Removal figures for Turkish Nationals ANNEX I: References to source material 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 This Country Report has been produced by Immigration and Nationality Directorate, Home Office, for use by officials involved in the asylum / human rights determination process. The Report provides general background information about the issues most commonly raised in asylum / human rights claims made in the United Kingdom. It includes information available up to 1 March 2005. 1.2 The Country Report is compiled wholly from material produced by a wide range of recognised external information sources and does not contain any Home Office opinion or policy. All information in the Report is attributed, throughout the text, to the original source material, which is made available to those working in the asylum / human rights determination process. 1.3 The Report aims to provide a brief summary of the source material identified, focusing on the main issues raised in asylum and human rights applications. It is not intended to be a detailed or comprehensive survey. For a more detailed account, the relevant source documents should be examined directly. 1.4 The structure and format of the Country Report reflects the way it is used by Home Office caseworkers and appeals presenting officers, who require quick electronic access to information on specific issues and use the contents page to go directly to the subject required. Key issues are usually covered in some depth within a dedicated section, but may also be referred to briefly in several other sections. Some repetition is therefore inherent in the structure of the Report. Turkey April 2005 1.5 The information included in this Country Report is limited to that which can be identified from source documents. While every effort is made to cover all relevant aspects of a particular topic, it is not always possible to obtain the information concerned. For this reason, it is important to note that information included in the Report should not be taken to imply anything beyond what is actually stated. For example, if it is stated that a particular law has been passed, this should not be taken to imply that it has been effectively implemented; rather that information regarding implementation has not been found. 1.6 As noted above, the Country Report is a collation of material produced by a number of reliable information sources. In compiling the Report, no attempt has been made to resolve discrepancies between information provided in different source documents. For example, different source documents often contain different versions of names and spellings of individuals, places and political parties etc. Country Reports do not aim to bring consistency of spelling, but to reflect faithfully the spellings used in the original source documents. Similarly, figures given in different source documents sometimes vary and these are simply quoted as per the original text. 1.7 The Country Report is based substantially upon source documents issued during the previous two years. However, some older source documents may have been included because they contain relevant information not available in more recent documents. All sources contain information considered relevant at the time this Report was issued. 1.8 This Country Report and the accompanying source material are public documents. All Country Reports are published on the IND section of the Home Office website and the great majority of the source material for the Report is readily available in the public domain. Where the source documents identified in the Report are available in electronic form, the relevant web link has been included, together with the date that the link was accessed. Copies of less accessible source documents, such as those provided by government offices or subscription services, are available from the Home Office upon request. 1.9 Country Reports are published every six months on the top 20 asylum producing countries and on those countries for which there is deemed to be a specific operational need.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • European Court of Human Rights Leyla Sahin Decision
    EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER THE LIGHT OF LEYLA SAHIN DECISION Attorney Fatma Benli Translated by Bengül Altaş, Maryam Al Zoubi, Hüseyin Erkaya, Dilek Gölet, Ayşe Maden, Jonathan Sugden, Melek Hilal Yazıcı 2010 İSTANBUL I With my endless thanks to my family who are always supporting me limitlessly. Fatma Benli Preface Though during the 80s it is a time-to time recurring food of controversy; “headscarf in the Turkish Universities”, become a material problem after the February 28 Post- Modern coup d’Etat. First the sentence of “Behaviors about the apparel which are emerged against law, push the Turkey into an outdated image; shall be banned; the law and Constitutional Court Decisions about this subject shall be applied without any exception especially on the public instutions and associations.” had been added to the well-known MGK (National Security Council) decisions. Approximately a year later, The Constitutional Court had cited the Party’s defence for freedom of headscarf in Universities as a reason of their decision of the ban of Refah Party. (Welfare Party) After the Ban decision, while wearing headscarf was completely free, a retired military officer who had a duty at the MGK, had given briefings on “how the headscarf would be banned”, to firstly university rectors, then to Judges. After then, Committee of Rectors, had published a declaration with the title of “The regulations governing the apparel at the Higher Education Institutions and Legal Comments” –which is probably had been prepared during those briefings-. After that declaration of Committee of rectors, “the rectors that are taken the briefing” had understood that the headscarf is banned at the universities and they applied the headscarf ban at this direction.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysing the Impact of the Turkish Emergency Legislation on the Kurdish Case
    The exception within the rule: analysing the impact of the Turkish emergency legislation on the Kurdish case. Supervisor: Kathleen Cavanaugh Candidate: Carlotta Giordani A.Y. 2012/2013 Supervisor: Kathleen Cavanaugh Candidate: Carlotta Giordani Second Semester University: NUI Galway The exception within the law: analysing the impact of the Turkish emergency legislation on the Kurdish case. ABSTRACT Starting from an historical and anthropological overview, necessary to understand the deep roots of the conflict between Turks and Kurds, the object of this study focuses on why and how the use of the State of Emergency and the related legislation implemented by Turkey, impacted the so-called Kurdish Question. The investigation conducted along this work is aimed at clarifying the consequences related to the Emergency Regulation phenomenon in this particular context. The definition of Kurds and Kurdistan raises several matters: Kurds are often considered as the biggest stateless population, a heterogeneous group geographically dislocated with a shared cultural identity. The analysis of the legislation implemented by the Turkish state started after the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey, in 1923: the constant use of the repressive measures can be considered as a reaction to the Sevrès Paranoia , the symbol of the Turkish fear of the state territory disintegration. The social changes occurred after the 1960 military Coup d’Etat definitely opened to the birth of the PKK and to the political use of the law, legitimized by the new constitution and made concrete by the 1971 Martial Act n. 1402. This juridical system and the collusion between the military and the civilian, brought to the 1980 Coup d’Etat, the draft of a new constitution (amended but still in force), the 1983 State of Emergency Law (N.2935) and to the creation of a the OHAL Region: the Kurdish areas since that moment were under the jurisdiction of a special emergency governor, so that making even crueller the PKK reactions.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkey Page 1 of 8
    Turkey Page 1 of 8 Turkey International Religious Freedom Report 2005 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the Government generally respects this right in practice; however, the Government imposes some restrictions on Muslim and other religious groups and on Muslim religious expression in government offices and state-run institutions, including universities. There was some deterioration in respect for religious freedom during the reporting period. The Government's Directorate of Religious Affairs (Diyanet) initiated a public campaign against Christian missionary activity in the country. High-level government officials made statements depicting missionaries as a threat. There was also an increase in anti-Christian media coverage. Threats and vandalism against Christians and church facilities increased. In addition, some Muslims, Christians, and Baha'is faced some restrictions and occasional harassment for alleged proselytizing or holding unauthorized meetings. The State continued to oppose "Islamic fundamentalism." Authorities continued their broad ban on wearing Muslim religious dress in government facilities, including universities, schools, and workplaces. The generally tolerant relationship among religions in society contributed to religious freedom in principle; however, a sharp debate continued over the country's definition of "secularism," the proper role of religion in society, and the potential influence of the country's small minority of Islamists. According to the general perception, Turkish identity is based on the Turkish language and the Islamic faith. Religious minorities say they are effectively blocked from careers in state institutions, a claim supported in a report by a government human rights body. Christians, Baha'is, and some Muslims faced societal suspicion and mistrust, and more radical Islamist elements continued to express anti-Semitic sentiments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Augmented Reality Use on Achievement, Misconception and Course Engagement*
    CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, 2018, 9(3), 297-314 https://doi.org/10.30935/cet.444119 The Effect of Augmented Reality Use on Achievement, Misconception and Course Engagement* Mustafa Sirakaya Ahi Evran University, Turkey Ebru Kilic Cakmak Gazi University, Turkey Submitted: 05.03.2018 Accepted: 12.06.2018 Published: 16.07.2018 Abstract Augmented reality is defined as a technology in which real world and virtual objects are combined with a simultaneous interaction. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of augmented reality use on students' achievement, misconception and course engagement. A (matched) quasi-experimental research design with both pretest and posttest control groups was used in the study. The sample of the study consisted of 118 seventh grade students receiving education in six different classes. The students in the experimental group took their lessons with an augmented reality learning material, while the students in the control group continued using their traditional course materials. An achievement test, a misconception test and the student course engagement questionnaire were used as data collection tools. As a result of a 7-week implementation, this study found that augmented reality technology increased the achievement level of students and eliminated their misconceptions. However, the study also found that augmented reality technology did not affect the course engagement of students. Keywords: Augmented reality; Achievement; Misconception; Course engagement; Secondary school students; Astronomy education Introduction The use of technology is recognized as an important part of education. It is recommended as a solution in enabling effective learning at schools (Seferoglu, 2009). Studies showed that the use of technology in education increases the achievement levels of students, offers a meaningful learning tool by attracting students' attention to course content, and makes the learning process active and effective (Sumadio & Rambli, 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • In Het Spoor Van Het Soefisme
    WANDELREPORTAGE | Turkije Eeen briesje blaast de bloesemblaadjes als sneeuw op ons pad. In het spoor van het Soefisme Eerder in Op Weg (2015, 3) kwam het Sultans Trail aan bod, een wandel- en cultuurproject tussen Wenen en Istanbul in het spoor van het Ottomaanse leger van Sultan Suleyman. Met het Sufi Trail kan je vandaag verder het Turkse binnenland intrekken, langs tal van Soefiheiligdommen en plekken met een grote historische waarde voor christendom en islam. ÆÆTekst en foto’s Iris Bezuijen 22 | Op Weg 2018-3 Een van de vele bijzondere plekken voor de Soefi’s. Slapen onder de sterren vlakbij de Turbe van Haydar Sultan. Getoeter concentreren op het traject van het Sufi Trail dat toch vooral interessant om onze eigen Er waait een briesje in de metro op weg naar en zijn moskeeën kleine oases van rust die ons angsten te onderdrukken. Op een bepaald het bruisende Istanbul. Van diep onder de steeds weer in een andere sensatie dompelen. moment, wanneer we door een heuvelachtig grond reizen we van het Aziatische deel naar Vlakbij het stadsdeel Eminönü dalen we via een weiland stappen, horen we in de verte een hele het Europese deel. De drukte en het wilde kleine ingang een prachtig verscholen Turbe groep honden blaffen. Gelukkig zitten ze alle- verkeer overvallen ons, maar op een bijzondere (tombe) in, waar we gevraagd worden even maal binnen in de boerderij, op een zwerfhond wijze loopt het toch altijd goed af. De volgende te wachten. Na enige tijd komt er een groep na die op zoek is naar een hapje eten.
    [Show full text]
  • ANAYASA MAHKEMESİ (Tarihsel Perspektiften Olaylar, Kişiler, Kararlar) İÇİNDEKİLER ÖNSÖZ
    Prof. Dr. Dr. Öğr. Üyesi SERDAR GÜLENER CEM DURAN UZUN TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANAYASA MAHKEMESİ (Tarihsel Perspektiften Olaylar, Kişiler, Kararlar) İÇİNDEKİLER ÖNSÖZ ....................................................................................................................V İÇİNDEKİLER ...................................................................................................VII ŞEKİLLER LİSTESİ ........................................................................................XIII GİRİŞ .........................................................................................................................1 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM KANUNLARIN ANAYASAYA UYGUNLUK DENETİMİ VE 1961 ANAYASASI ÖNCESİ DÖNEMDE TÜRKİYE’DEKİ ARAYIŞLAR I. Siyasal İktidarın Sınırlandırılması Arayışları (Anayasacılık Hareketleri) ve Anayasaya Uygunluk Denetiminin Ortaya Çıkışı .....5 A. Siyasal İktidarın Sınırlandırılması Fikri ve 1787 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Anayasası .................................................................5 1. “Üstün Hukuk”a Bağlılık Fikrinin Tarihselliği ve Yargısal Denetimin İlk Örnekleri ..................................................7 2. Amerikan Modelinin Ortaya Çıkışı ve Anayasa Yargısının Birinci Dalgası ..............................................................12 3. Avrupa (Kelsen) Modelinin Ortaya Çıkışı ve Anayasa Yargısının İkinci Dalgası ...............................................................16 4. Sovyetler Birliğinin Dağılması ve Anayasa Yargısının Üçüncü Dalgası ................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Constitutional Court of Turkey
    Constitutional Court of Turkey Constitutional Court of Turkey www.constitutionalcourt.gov.tr 3 THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE First of all, I would like to extend my heartfelt greetings to all readers of this booklet and express my thanks for their genuine interest in the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Turkey. This booklet pro- vides brief information on the general structure, the jurisdiction and proceedings as well as the physical properties of the Constitutional Court. The Turkish Constitutional Court, being one of the oldest constitu- tionality review organs established in Europe, has accumulated a sizeable amount of experience in its history of more than fifty years. You will find reflections of the development of constitutional justice in our country and the Court’s transformation process up to present in this booklet. Prof. Dr. Zühtü Arslan The basic function of the Constitutional Court of Turkey can be sum- President marized as safeguarding and promoting democracy, rule of law and the fundamental rights and freedoms. In performing this crucial function, the Court has learned a lot from its past experiences and continuously developed its jurisprudence to better address the needs of the time. I am more than happy to express that Turkish Constitutional Court has shown a significant progress to achieve a paradigm shift and adopted a “rights-based paradigm” in the recent years. Our Court strives to establish con- stitutional and individual justice through constitutionality review and individual application. Consequently, the Constitutional Court has become the bulwark of fundamental rights and freedoms to a considerable extent. This paradigm shift can be tracked down especially in our judgments concerning individual applications.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hajj and the Hindi: the Ascent of the Indian Sufi Lodge in the Ottoman
    Modern Asian Studies 50, 6 (2016) pp. 1888–1931. C Cambridge University Press 2016 doi:10.1017/S0026749X15000530 First published online 1 July 2016 The Hajj and the Hindi: The ascent of the Indian Sufi lodge in the Ottoman empire∗ RISHAD CHOUDHURY The Academy for International and Area Studies, Harvard University, United States of America Email: [email protected] Abstract This article charts several historical paths, hitherto underexplored, through the Hindi or ‘Indian’ Sufi lodges of the Ottoman empire. Focusing on the ‘long eighteenth century (circa 1695–1808)’, it tracks their remarkable ascendance as an institutional network for mobile and migrant Indian Sufi pilgrims. From Istanbul to the provinces, the article demonstrates how Naqshbandis and Qadiris on the Hajj circuit drew on local channels of social communications, legal petitioning strategies, and state and inter-state linkages to forge unique identities as ‘trans-imperial subjects’ in an age of decentralization in the Ottoman world. I argue that central to their social success was the creation of new corporate regimes of itinerant piety. But first, I place the little-known lodges at the heart of a specific shift in early modern attitudes to identity, as the story behind ‘Hindi’ beckons wider inquiry into emergent differences among Sufi pilgrims in the Ottoman empire. ∗ For valuable comments on early drafts, I am grateful to Suraiya Faroqhi, Durba Ghosh, Eric Tagliacozzo, and Robert Travers. I am thankful, as well, to Nida Nebahat Nalçacı for eye-opening trips to Istanbul’s Sufi lodges, old and new. Previous iterations of these arguments were presented at Cornell University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Princeton University, and the Social Science Research Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkey Country Assessment
    TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT October 2004 Country Information & Policy Unit IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Turkey October 2004 CONTENTS 1. Scope of the document 1.1 – 1.10 2. Geography 2.1 – 2.3 3. Economy 3.1 – 3.2 Corruption 3.3 – 3.4 4. History 4.1 – 4.2 General Election 1995 4.3 The National Security Council’s (MGK) actions 1997 4.4 – 4.7 General Election 1999 4.8 – 4.11 Conflict with the PKK (Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan - Kurdistan Workers’ Party) 4.12 – 4.23 European Union reforms 2001-2002 4.24 – 4.29 General Election 2002 4.30 –4.31 European Union reforms 2002-2003 4.32 – 4.39 Iraq 4.40 – 4.41 Suicide bombings 2003-2004 4.42 – 4.43 Release of Kurdish Deputies 4.44 – 4.47 5. State Structures The Constitution 5.1 – 5.7 Citizenship and Nationality 5.8 – 5.10 Political system 5.11 – 5.17 National Security Council (MGK) or (NSC) 5.18 – 5.23 Local Government 5.24 – 5.29 The Judiciary 5.30 – 5.35 Military Courts 5.36 State Security Courts (DGM) 5.37 – 5.39 The Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) 5.40 – 5.43 Legal rights/detention 5.44 - 5.46 Right to legal advice 5.47 – 5.50 Detention for questioning prior to formal arrest 5.51 – 5.55 The General Information Gathering System (GBTS) 5.56 – 6.65 Death Penalty 5.66 – 5.68 Internal Security Police 5.69 – 5.71 Jandarma/ Gendarmerie 5.72 – 5.74 Military /Special Forces 5.75 Intelligence Agency (MIT) 5.76 Village Guards 5.77 – 5.83 Prisons and Prison conditions 5.84 – 5.92 F-type prisons 5.93 – 5.102 Monitoring of prison conditions 5.103 –5.107 Military service 5.108 – 5.113 Deferring military service 5.114 – 5.115 Evasion of military service and punishment 5.116 – 5.118 Conscientious objectors 5.119 – 5.126 Posting after completion of basic training 5.127 – 5.129 Discrimination in the armed forces 5.130 – 5.134 Medical services 5.135 – 5.136 Cost of treatment 5.137 Mental Health 5.138 – 5.142 HIV/AIDS 5.143 – 5.144 People with disabilities 5.145 – 5.149 Educational system 5.150 – 5.151 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkey COI Compilation 2020
    Turkey: COI Compilation August 2020 BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Turkey: COI Compilation August 2020 The information in this report is up to date as of 30 April 2020, unless otherwise stated. This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord TABLE OF CONTENTS List of abbreviations...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • GAZETELERDE YERALAN POLISE Yonntix HABERLERDETI SOYLEMSEL BOYUTLAR: Gaffar Okkan Suikasn )Rnek Olayt
    Turkish Journalof Police Sludies Vol:4 (1-2) GAZETELERDE YERALAN POLISE YONNTiX HABERLERDETI SOYLEMSEL BOYUTLAR: Gaffar Okkan Suikasn )rnek Olayt DIMENSIONS OF DISCOURSE IN NEWS RELATED POLICE ON NEWSPAPERS: A Case Study on Murder of Gaffar Okkan Nesrin KULA * s\Ns\vnrrt this stutly I lnve ainted give 1n to an opirtiott to the reuder.s about the stereotypes of potice Itlrut have been ttsed in tlrc metlia especially in newspapers.l have analysed the news by trsing van Dijk's discourse analysis nrcdel to .show the perspe<:tive of nrcdia when looking al the everts about police.l lwv'e clrcsen the murder of Gaffar Okkan andJive policemen lty terrorists .frtr this case study to anctlyse by critical approach with criticctl discourse analysis ntelhod. At the end of this study, I hav,e found, it was found that news about police reproduced the hcgemttttic discourse. Heacllitrcs, tittles and spots present a sutnmary of the news. Although such news infornrc a positive approach, it cqn legalise the general crtnsideratictns aboLtt police.This canbe unclerstood only by reading the news critically. Key Words: Ideology, discourse, critical discourse analysis, pol.ice and media. gi.llst. pu galtstnada okuyuculara, medT,ada -dzellikle de gaTetelerde-kullanilan polis I-l stereoripleri hakkutela bilgi vernrcyi amagladmt. Medyantn polis ile itgili olaylarrlaki bakts aEtstttt ortave gtkrtrnnk igitt van Dijk'ut sdylem analizi modelini kullanarak haberleri inceledint. Diyttrbahr Emniyet Mildiirii Gaffar Okkan ve beS polis ntem4runun dleliiriilnrcsini, eleEtirel si)ylem analizi metoduyla gc)ziimlentek iizere r)rnek olay olarak segtitn. Sonug olarak, haberlerin polis ile ilgili egenten sdylenti yeniclen iiretti{i grkarsantasrrttt varildt.
    [Show full text]
  • The Urbanization and Ottomanization of the Halvetiye Sufi Order by the City of Amasya in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
    The City as a Historical Actor: The Urbanization and Ottomanization of the Halvetiye Sufi Order by the City of Amasya in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries By Hasan Karatas A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Hamid Algar, Chair Professor Leslie Peirce Professor Beshara Doumani Professor Wali Ahmadi Spring 2011 The City as a Historical Actor: The Urbanization and Ottomanization of the Halvetiye Sufi Order by the City of Amasya in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries ©2011 by Hasan Karatas Abstract The City as a Historical Actor: The Urbanization and Ottomanization of the Halvetiye Sufi Order by the City of Amasya in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries by Hasan Karatas Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor Hamid Algar, Chair This dissertation argues for the historical agency of the North Anatolian city of Amasya through an analysis of the social and political history of Islamic mysticism in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Ottoman Empire. The story of the transmission of the Halvetiye Sufi order from geographical and political margins to the imperial center in both ideological and physical sense underlines Amasya’s contribution to the making of the socio-religious scene of the Ottoman capital at its formative stages. The city exerted its agency as it urbanized, “Ottomanized” and catapulted marginalized Halvetiye Sufi order to Istanbul where the Ottoman socio-religious fabric was in the making. This study constitutes one of the first broad-ranging histories of an Ottoman Sufi order, as a social group shaped by regional networks of politics and patronage in the formative fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
    [Show full text]