DOCSLIB.ORG

Soviet Journalism and the Journalists' Union, 1955-1966

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Soviet Journalism and the Journalists' Union, 1955-1966 University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2014 Reporting Socialism: Soviet Journalism and the Journalists' Union, 1955-1966 Mary Catherine French University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation French, Mary Catherine, "Reporting Socialism: Soviet Journalism and the Journalists' Union, 1955-1966" (2014). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1277. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1277 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1277 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reporting Socialism: Soviet Journalism and the Journalists' Union, 1955-1966 Abstract This dissertation is a historical investigation of the Journalists' Union of the Soviet Union, the first creative union for media professionals in the USSR, and the first study of a creative profession after the death of Stalin. While socialist journalism had existed since before the 1917 revolutions, journalists were not incorporated into a professional body until 1959, several decades after their counterparts in other creative professions. Using sources from Russian and American archives together with published documents, I investigated the reasons for the organization's formation and its domestic and creative work to "develop professional mastery" in its members at home while advancing the Soviet cause abroad. Chapter one explores the reasons for the Journalists' Union's formation, and the interrelationship between Soviet cultural diplomacy and domestic professionalization. Chapter two describes Journalists' efforts to make sense of the immediate aftermath of de-Stalinization, through a case study of the Communist Youth League's newspaper. The third chapter describes the creative union's formal establishment and the debates about journalism's value at its inaugural congress. Chapter four is devoted to the creative union's international work, specifically its management of the International Organization of Journalists, a front organization based in Prague, demonstrating that journalists were key participants in the Soviet Union's effort to establish a positive international reputation, especially in the developing world. Chapter five features the debates about genre and audience engagement that preoccupied elite journalists in the years after the creative union's formation. Chapter six describes the changes in the journalism profession under Brezhnev, and journalists' efforts to reshape the creative union in its second decade. The epilogue traces the fate of my protagonists and the challenges to professionalization in Putin's Russia. Throughout the study, I describe how journalists articulated and promoted their own ideas about the meaning and value of their profession even as they acknowledged the leading role of the Communist Party and frequently responded to political interventions in their work. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group History First Advisor Warren Breckman Subject Categories History This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1277 REPORTING SOCIALISM: SOVIET JOURNALISM AND THE JOURNALISTS’ UNION, 1955–1966 Mary Catherine French A DISSERTATION in History Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2014 Supervisor of Dissertation ______________________ Warren Breckman Professor of History Graduate Group Chairperson ________________________ Benjamin Nathans Ronald S. Lauder Endowed Term Associate Professor of History Dissertation Committee Warren Breckman, Professor of History, University of Pennsylvania Kevin M.F. Platt, Professor, Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures Vladislav M. Zubok, Chair in International History, Department of International History, London School of Economics REPORTING SOCIALISM: SOVIET JOURNALISM AND THE JOURNALISTS’ UNION, 1955–1966 COPYRIGHT 2014 Mary Catherine French This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ny-sa/2.0/ For Dan, with love and thanks iii Acknowledgements Graduate school has its unpleasant aspects. But to look back and celebrate everyone who has made this journey possible is a great joy. My parents, Kevin and Betty French, always encouraged my passion for books and learning, even when it took me half a world away. I cannot thank them enough for their love and faith. My sisters, Kelsey, Sarah, and Morgan, have always prevented me from taking myself too seriously. This is an underrated and invaluable contribution. Amanda Miller, as my oldest and dearest friend, has read more of my writing than anyone. She has taught me so many lessons about kindness and friendship. Amanda, you were also the first to teach me that distance is only a minor obstacle to connection. Thank you for everything. Jenn Moerman has been there since I discovered European history and helps me remember the very best of my past. Thank you for never asking when I was going to be done and for reminding me of the outside world at regular intervals. In college, I met a community of rich and fascinating people I am proud to remain connected to. Even as it’s been far too long since our last Aromachino, Sidney Foster has reminded me over and over why I set out on the journey and has loved many versions of me. Trey Comstock has an uncanny gift for asking the right question at the right time. I also thank the sisters of Nu Kappa Epsilon, for being a truly amazing group of women and bringing out my best self. Audrey Lockwood, Emily Bannister, Laura Miller, Adrienne Dykstra, Sara Campbell, Hillary Huttenhower, Pam Bailey, Christina Thames, and Grace Condro all deserve special mention. iv Julia Kriz Dzierwa, Julie Magdalena Courtwright, Jen Huff, and Susannah Lee Myers have kept me on my toes on Facebook and reminded me that I really do study interesting things. Most importantly, they have insisted that I am interesting in my own right. Looking back on my time at the University of Pennsylvania, I should acknowledge the material base for my work before moving to its emotional superstructure. I thank the School of Arts and Sciences for five years of fellowship support and a Summer Research Fellowship in 2012. Penn’s Slavic Department facilitated my Russian language study at Indiana University, which was crucial to my personal and professional growth. My time at Penn is memorable as much for meaningful relationships as it is for writing or study. I am particularly grateful to the members of my dissertation committee. Warren Breckman’s commitment to ideas, my own especially, has been a real inspiration. I could not have asked for a more compassionate or committed advisor for the project. Kevin Platt has worked with me since I first came to Penn, and much of my thinking about culture, power, and the past has come from our conversations. His willingness to support me through unpredictable periods is something I will always be grateful for. Vladislav Zubok has been a thoughtful and patient reader of various versions of the dissertation. His work has been a great influence on me, and my writing and ideas are immeasurably better for his contributions. I should also thank my mentors from coursework, many of whom have remained involved in with the dissertation in various ways. Kathy Peiss provided the best introduction to history I could have asked for and advocated for me in ways I never v expected and can never repay. Thomas Childers has my eternal thanks for supplying letters of transit when I needed them most. He has demonstrated over and over again that compassion is at the heart of all humanistic inquiry. Kristen Stromberg Childers’ dedication to scholarship is matched only by her courage and integrity, and I am truly inspired by her example. I thank Ronald Granieri for his gift for cynicism and good cheer. I would never have finished graduate school without the help of dear friends in my favorite city. I begin with the debt that is hardest to put into words. It is impossible to imagine graduate school, and life, without Rachel Guberman. Our friendship began as an unexpected gift, and I hope it has made us both better. Rachel, thank you for letting me be scared, helping me be brave, and laughing in the face of absurdity when that was the only thing left to do. Susan Epting reminded me to never apologize for where I come from and to bring it with me everywhere I go. Without her good sense and passion for justice, I would not be writing these acknowledgements. Nick DiLiberto’s willingness to share his knowledge and cheer on colleagues is unparalleled. Sean Dempsey’s good humor helped me keep the faith, in more ways than one. Matthew Mitchell’s wit and encouragement have stayed with me since our first year. Maryan Soliman’s cheerful interest at times when my own energy flagged is much appreciated. When I returned to Philadelphia in 2012 to begin writing, I never expected to find a truly interdisciplinary community of neighbors and friends. vi I thank Bets Beasley and Tiffany Holder for cat pictures and coffee breaks. Returning from Moscow was a real challenge, but Bets and Tiffany welcomed me into their lives without reservation. Bets, thank you for fierce hugs. Tiff, thank you for many videos and your dry wit. Sal Nicolazzo’s dissertation salon gave me an intellectual home when I had previously resigned myself to isolation. I am always astounded by her energy, her ferocity, and her willingness to cross disciplinary boundaries. Sal, thank you for reminding me that the proper appreciation of space utopia is always a sound basis for friendship. Kate Aid’s warmth and kindness have sustained me at unexpected moments. Our conversations about work, feminism, and academe strengthened my resolve to finish and to live and work on my own terms.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Russia You Never Met
    The Russia You Never Met MATT BIVENS AND JONAS BERNSTEIN fter staggering to reelection in summer 1996, President Boris Yeltsin A announced what had long been obvious: that he had a bad heart and needed surgery. Then he disappeared from view, leaving his prime minister, Viktor Cher- nomyrdin, and his chief of staff, Anatoly Chubais, to mind the Kremlin. For the next few months, Russians would tune in the morning news to learn if the presi- dent was still alive. Evenings they would tune in Chubais and Chernomyrdin to hear about a national emergency—no one was paying their taxes. Summer turned to autumn, but as Yeltsin’s by-pass operation approached, strange things began to happen. Chubais and Chernomyrdin suddenly announced the creation of a new body, the Cheka, to help the government collect taxes. In Lenin’s day, the Cheka was the secret police force—the forerunner of the KGB— that, among other things, forcibly wrested food and money from the peasantry and drove some of them into collective farms or concentration camps. Chubais made no apologies, saying that he had chosen such a historically weighted name to communicate the seriousness of the tax emergency.1 Western governments nod- ded their collective heads in solemn agreement. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank both confirmed that Russia was experiencing a tax collec- tion emergency and insisted that serious steps be taken.2 Never mind that the Russian government had been granting enormous tax breaks to the politically connected, including billions to Chernomyrdin’s favorite, Gazprom, the natural gas monopoly,3 and around $1 billion to Chubais’s favorite, Uneximbank,4 never mind the horrendous corruption that had been bleeding the treasury dry for years, or the nihilistic and pointless (and expensive) destruction of Chechnya.
    [Show full text]
  • Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J
    STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 11 Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, Center for Transatlantic Security Studies, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Unified Combatant Commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Kathleen Bailey presents evidence of forgeries to the press corps. Credit: The Washington Times Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference By Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 11 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. June 2012 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Cold War Contested Truth
    Cold War Contested Truth: Informants, Surveillance, and the Disciplining of Black Radicalism, 1947-1957 Charisse Burden-Stelly, PhD Africana Studies and Political Science Carleton College [email protected] (510) 717-9000 Introduction During the height of the era of McCarthyism, roughly 1947-1957, Black radicalism was surveilled, disciplined, discredited, and criminalized through a multitude of anticommunist technologies. These included “parallelism,” red-baiting, infiltration, and guilt by association. McCarthyism was constituted by a range of legislation meant to fortify the U.S. security state against the Communist threat, starting with the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, and including the Alien Registration Act of 1940 (commonly known as the Smith Act); the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 (often referred to as the Taft-Hartley Act); Executive Order 9835 of 1947 (the “Loyalty Order”) and its supersession by Executive Order 10450 in 1953; the Attorney General’s List of Subversive Organizations; and the Internal Security Act of 1950 (also known as the McCarran Act). It was under this legal architecture that scores of activists and scholars who defied Cold War statist pedagogy were indicted, deported, incarcerated, surveilled, and forced underground. This paper uses the examples of the the Peace Information Center (PIC) the Sojourners for Truth and Justice (STJ), and the Council on African Affairs (CAA) to elucidate that career confidential informants, “stool pigeons,” and “turncoats” were instrumental to the Cold War state apparatus’s transmogrification of Black radicals committed to anti-imperialism, anticolonialism, antiracism, peace, and the eradication of economic exploitation into criminals and subversives. Black 1 radicalism can be understood as African descendants’ multivalent and persistent praxis aimed at dismantling structures of domination that sustain racialized dispossession, exploitation, and class-based domination.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtual Rusophonia: Language Policy As 'Soft Power' in the New Media
    Virtual Rusophonia: Language Policy as ‘Soft Power’ in the New Media Age MICHAEL GORHAM University of Florida Abstract: Debates on Russian language policy in the internet age have typically focused ei- ther on the formal degradation of language by a variety of internal and external forces of cor- ruption or on the functional democratization of speech afforded by the internet’s decentral- ized and relatively uncensored mode of operation. Yet more recent trends complicate this dichotomy and reflect official efforts to use language and the internet as tools for ‘soft power’ – educational and cultural means of promoting Russian national interests both at home and abroad. In ‘Virtual Rusophonia’ I examine two specific manifestations of this effort – the ‘Russian World Foundation’ (Fond ‘Russkii Mir’) and the ‘.rf’ Cyrillic internet domain pro- ject. While both represent a state-sponsored attempt to use language and new technology as tools for creating new spaces of ‘Russianness’, they present quite different, if not mutually exclusive visions, each fraught with tensions between the de-centered nature of web-based communication and the top-down, paternalistic penchants of the Putin-era political elite. Keywords: language policy, Runet, rusophonia, russkii mir [Russian world], Russian World Foundation, Russian diaspora, virtual communities, sovereign internet quick survey of the discourse on Russian internet language over the past decade or so A reveals two dominant trends, one primarily formal in nature, and the other ‒ func- tional.1 Comments on form tend to be purist or preservationist in tone, bemoaning the ‘spoil- ing’ of the ‘great and mighty’ Russian language by a host of negative influences.
    [Show full text]
  • Stop the Money, Stop the Attacks: a Categorical Approach to Achieving an International Terrorist Financing Sanction Regime
    Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs Volume 1 Issue 1 April 2012 Stop the Money, Stop the Attacks: A Categorical Approach to Achieving an International Terrorist Financing Sanction Regime Vietlong Nguyen Follow this and additional works at: https://elibrary.law.psu.edu/jlia Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, International Law Commons, International Trade Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Political Science Commons, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, Rule of Law Commons, Social History Commons, and the Transnational Law Commons ISSN: 2168-7951 Recommended Citation Vietlong Nguyen, Stop the Money, Stop the Attacks: A Categorical Approach to Achieving an International Terrorist Financing Sanction Regime, 1 PENN. ST. J.L. & INT'L AFF. 157 (2012). Available at: https://elibrary.law.psu.edu/jlia/vol1/iss1/8 The Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs is a joint publication of Penn State’s School of Law and School of International Affairs. Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs 2012 VOLUME 1 NO. 1 STOP THE MONEY, STOP THE ATTACKS: A CATEGORICAL APPROACH TO ACHIEVING AN INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST FINANCING SANCTION REGIME Vietlong Nguyen * Money allows terrorist organizations to continue their day-to-day operations. Stopping the flow of financial support to terrorist organizations will diminish the intensity and frequency of the attacks and ideally lead to a cessation of such attacks. One country may be able to establish barriers to terrorist financing through government sanctions. These barriers will not stop terrorist financing; but rather, it will divert it to another country.
    [Show full text]
  • An Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Solver on the GPU Using CUDA Master of Science Thesis in Complex Adaptive Systems
    An Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Solver on the GPU Using CUDA Master of Science Thesis in Complex Adaptive Systems NIKLAS KARLSSON Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Department of Computer Science and Engineering G¨oteborg, Sweden, August 2013 The Author grants to Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg the non-exclusive right to publish the Work electronically and in a non-commercial purpose make it accessible on the Internet. The Author warrants that he/she is the author to the Work, and warrants that the Work does not contain text, pictures or other material that violates copyright law. The Author shall, when transferring the rights of the Work to a third party (for example a publisher or a company), acknowledge the third party about this agreement. If the Author has signed a copyright agreement with a third party regarding the Work, the Author warrants hereby that he/she has obtained any necessary permission from this third party to let Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg store the Work electronically and make it accessible on the Internet. An Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Solver on the GPU Using CUDA NIKLAS KARLSSON c NIKLAS KARLSSON, 2013 Examiner: Ulf Assarsson Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Department of Computer Science and Engineering Master's Thesis 2013:08 SE-412 96 G¨oteborg Sweden Telephone +46 (0)31 772 1000 Cover: GPU accelerated simulation of the 2D lid-driven cavity problem. Department of Computer Science
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Geography Siberia
    This article was downloaded by: [University of Leeds] On: 05 February 2015, At: 04:50 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Geography Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rjog20 Siberia Leonard O. Packard a a Boston Normal School Published online: 07 Feb 2008. To cite this article: Leonard O. Packard (1914) Siberia, Journal of Geography, 13:3, 74-78, DOI: 10.1080/00221341408983914 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221341408983914 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing History in the Digital Age"
    Swarthmore College Works History Faculty Works History 2013 Conclusions: What We Learned From "Writing History In The Digital Age" J. Dougherty K. Nawrotzki C. D. Rochez Timothy Burke Swarthmore College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-history Part of the History Commons Let us know how access to these works benefits ouy Recommended Citation J. Dougherty, K. Nawrotzki, C. D. Rochez, and Timothy Burke. (2013). "Conclusions: What We Learned From "Writing History In The Digital Age"". Writing History In The Digital Age. 259-278. DOI: 10.2307/ j.ctv65sx57.27 https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-history/525 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This work is brought to you for free by Swarthmore College Libraries' Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Works by an authorized administrator of Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. University of Michigan Press Digitalculturebooks Chapter Title: Conclusions: What We Learned from Writing History in the Digital Age Chapter Author(s): Jack Dougherty, Kristen Nawrotzki, Charlotte D. Rochez and Timothy Burke Book Title: Writing History in the Digital Age Book Editor(s): Jack Dougherty, Kristen Nawrotzki Published by: University of Michigan Press, Digitalculturebooks. (2013) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv65sx57.27 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia and Asia: the Emerging Security Agenda
    Russia and Asia The Emerging Security Agenda Stockholm International Peace Research Institute SIPRI is an independent international institute for research into problems of peace and conflict, especially those of arms control and disarmament. It was established in 1966 to commemorate Sweden’s 150 years of unbroken peace. The Institute is financed mainly by the Swedish Parliament. The staff and the Governing Board are international. The Institute also has an Advisory Committee as an international consultative body. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. Governing Board Professor Daniel Tarschys, Chairman (Sweden) Dr Oscar Arias Sánchez (Costa Rica) Dr Willem F. van Eekelen (Netherlands) Sir Marrack Goulding (United Kingdom) Dr Catherine Kelleher (United States) Dr Lothar Rühl (Germany) Professor Ronald G. Sutherland (Canada) Dr Abdullah Toukan (Jordan) The Director Director Dr Adam Daniel Rotfeld (Poland) Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Signalistg. 9, S-1769 70 Solna, Sweden Cable: SIPRI Telephone: 46 8/655 97 00 Telefax: 46 8/655 97 33 E-mail: [email protected] Internet URL: http://www.sipri.se Russia and Asia The Emerging Security Agenda Edited by Gennady Chufrin OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1999 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens
    [Show full text]
  • Active Measures: the Secret History of Disinformation & Political
    Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation & Political Warfare | Thomas Rid Philosophers have only interpreted the world. The point, May 25th, 2020 however, is to change it. — Karl Marx INTRODUCTION Thomas Rid is Professor of Strategic Studies at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies. Rid’s latest book, Active Measures, a startling history of disinformation, was published in late April 2020 with Farrar, Straus and Giroux (also in Russian, Japanese, Polish). His most recent book, Rise of the Machines (2016), tells the sweeping story of how cybernetics, a late- 1940s theory of machines, came to incite anarchy and war (also in Chinese, Russian, German, Japanese, Turkish). His 2015 article “Attributing Cyber Attacks” was designed to explain, guide, and improve the identification of network breaches (Journal of Strategic Studies 2015). In 2013 he published the widely-read book Cyber War Will Not Take Place. Rid’s Ph.D. thesis, “War and Media Operations: The US Military and the Press from Vietnam to Iraq,” was the first academic analysis of the role of embedded media in the 2003 Iraq War, providing a concise history of US military public affairs management since Vietnam. Rid testified on information security in front of the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence as well as in the German Bundestag and the UK Parliament. From 2011 to 2016, Rid was a professor in the Department of War Studies at King’s College London. Between 2003 and 2010, he worked at major think tanks in Berlin, Paris, Jerusalem, and Washington, DC. Rid holds a PhD from Humboldt University in Berlin.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast
    THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES OF RAS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGES: FACTS, TRENDS, FORECAST 6 (36) 2014 The journal is published according to the decision of RAS economic institutions’ administration in the Northwestern Federal District Institute of Economics of Karelian Scientific Centre of RAS (Karelia Republic) G.P. Luzin Institute of Economic Problems of Kola Scientific Centre of RAS (Murmansk Oblast) Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of RAS (Vologda Oblast) and according to the decision of the administration of Saint Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance Cherepovets State University (Vologda Oblast) and RAS institutions of other RF regions Institute of Social and Economic Research of Ufa Science Centre of RAS (Bashkortostan Republic) Institute of Economics of the Ural RAS Department (Sverdlovsk Oblast) The decision of Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian MES (No.6/6, dated 19.02.2010) the journal is included in the list of leading scientific editions, recommended for publication of the main results of dissertations for the degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences. The journal is included into databases: VINITI RAS, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Index Copernicus International, EBSCOhost, Proquest, and also into the Russian Science Citation Index, and is presented in the open access on the platform of the Scientific e-Library (http://www. elibrary.ru). In 2014 the German National Library of Economics included the Journal into its fund. The journal is also sent to the Library of Congress, the USA. All research articles submitted to the Journal are subject to mandatory peer-review.
    [Show full text]
  • Soviet Active Measures an Update Jul 1982.P65
    Special Report No. 101 Soviet Active Measures: An Update July 1982 United States Department of State Bureau of Public Affairs Washington, D.C. This report describes Soviet active Forgeries After an initial mailing to Spanish measures which have come to light since journalists failed to obtain publication, the the publication of Special Report No. 88, Forgeries are a frequently used active forgery was circulated on November 11 to Soviet Active Measures: Forgery, measures technique. Several have come to all delegations (except the U.S and Spanish) Disinformation, Political Operations, in light in recent months. Their appearance has to the Conference of Security and Coopera- October 1981. been timed to influence Western opinion on tion in Europe (CSCE), then meeting in current sensitive issues. As far as we are Madrid. This time several Madrid newspa- The Soviet Union uses the term active aware, only one of these recent forgeries pers ran stories that exposed the letter as a measures (aktivnyye meropriyatiya) to achieved uncritical publication. fabrication probably of Soviet origin. cover a broad range of activities designed to Forgeries are usually sent through the promote Soviet foreign policy goals, mail to journalists, officials, or other persons The Clark-Stearns Letter. In January including undercutting opponents of the who might make them available to the 1982, a forged letter and an accompanying U.S.S.R. Active measures include media. Forgeries normally do not carry a research analysis dated September 23, 1981, disinformation, manipulating the media in return address, nor is the sender identified in from Judge William Clark, then Deputy foreign countries, the use of Communist a way that can be checked.
    [Show full text]