De-Fragmenting Gandhāran Art: Advancing Analysis Through Digital Imaging and Visualization Ian Haynes, Iwan Peverett, Wannaporn Rienjang with Contributions by Luca M
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Buddhist Pilgrimage
Published for free distribution Buddhist Pilgrimage ew Edition 2009 Chan Khoon San ii Sabbadanam dhammadanam jinati. The Gift of Dhamma excels all gifts. The printing of this book for free distribution is sponsored by the generous donations of Dhamma friends and supporters, whose names appear in the donation list at the end of this book. ISB: 983-40876-0-8 © Copyright 2001 Chan Khoon San First Printing, 2002 – 2000 copies Second Printing 2005 – 2000 copies New Edition 2009 − 7200 copies All commercial rights reserved. Any reproduction in whole or part, in any form, for sale, profit or material gain is strictly prohibited. However, permission to print this book, in its entirety , for free distribution as a gift of Dhamma , is allowed after prior notification to the author. ew Cover Design Inset photo shows the famous Reclining Buddha image at Kusinara. Its unique facial expression evokes the bliss of peace ( santisukha ) of the final liberation as the Buddha passes into Mahaparinibbana. Set in the background is the Great Stupa of Sanchi located near Bhopal, an important Buddhist shrine where relics of the Chief Disciples and the Arahants of the Third Buddhist Council were discovered. Printed in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia by: Majujaya Indah Sdn. Bhd., 68, Jalan 14E, Ampang New Village, 68000 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: 03-42916001, 42916002, Fax: 03-42922053 iii DEDICATIO This book is dedicated to the spiritual advisors who accompanied the pilgrimage groups to India from 1991 to 2008. Their guidance and patience, in helping to create a better understanding and appreciation of the significance of the pilgrimage in Buddhism, have made those journeys of faith more meaningful and beneficial to all the pilgrims concerned. -
The Parinirvana Cycle and the Theory of Multivalence: a Study Of
THE PARINIRVĀṆA CYCLE AND THE THEORY OF MULTIVALENCE: A STUDY OF GANDHĀRAN BUDDHIST NARRATIVE RELIEFS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ART HISTORY MAY 2017 By Emily Hebert Thesis Committee: Paul Lavy, Chairperson Kate Lingley Jesse Knutson TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... ii INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1. BUDDHISM IN GREATER GANDHĀRA ........................................................... 9 Geography of Buddhism in Greater Gandhāra ....................................................................... 10 Buddhist Textual Traditions in Greater Gandhāra .................................................................. 12 Historical Periods of Buddhism in Greater Gandhāra ........................................................... 19 CHAPTER 2. GANDHĀRAN STŪPAS AND NARRATIVE ART ............................................. 28 Gandhāran Stūpas and Narrative Art: Architectural Context ................................................. 35 CHAPTER 3. THE PARINIRVĀṆA CYLCE OF NARRATIVE RELIEFS ................................ 39 CHAPTER 4 .THE THEORY OF MULTIVALENCE AND THE PARINIRVĀṆA CYCLE ...... 44 CHAPTER 5. NARRATIVE RELIEF PANELS FROM THE PARINIRVĀṆA CYCLE ............ 58 Episode -
Buddhist Sculptures of Malakand Collection: Its History, Analysis and Classification
106 Ancient Punjab – Volume 7, 2019 BUDDHIST SCULPTURES OF MALAKAND COLLECTION: ITS HISTORY, ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION Amjad Pervaiz, Nafees Ahmad & Rizwan Nadeem ABSTRACT This study is about the selected sculptures of the Malakand collection, which delineate salient and conspicuous features of the Gandhāra Art. This collection has historical importance and shows diversification of different postures and actions. These sculptures represent the traditions and practices of Buddhism in Gandhāra and they portray the standard of art, the soul and spirit of the followers and artists. Basis of classifying sculptures is established on the confined and distinctive analysis and material of stone used in making the sculptures. To establish the chronology and to specify the exact area of origin, the sculptures were extensively and exhaustively studied from the viewpoint of Zonal Workshops. While observing the quality and style of the art along with material used for making the sculptures it becomes clear that the artist paid attention to the socio-economic and religious conditions of the time in his mind. Methodology used for research of the present study is based on descriptive as well as analytical approach. The architectural elements like Persepolitan and Corinthian pillars are still present and observed in the villages of Malakand and different parts of Gandhāra region. Keywords: Sculpures of Malakand, Gandhara Art, Buddhism, artists, stylistic analysis, socio-economic, religious condition, carving, architectural. INTRODUCTION Indian Sub-Continent has been the core of rich cultural heritage and the abode of civilization of the Indus valley. The researchers in archaeology, art, anthropology and history have brought out important information about developments that took place over the millennia. -
ANALYSIS of BUDDHIST SCULPTURES a Case Study of Malakand Collection in Swat Museum by Amjad Pervaiz TAXILA INSTITUTE of ASIAN
ANALYSIS OF BUDDHIST SCULPTURES A Case Study of Malakand Collection in Swat Museum By Amjad Pervaiz TAXILA INSTITUTE OF ASIAN CIVILIZATIONS QUAID-I-AZAM UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD 2016 CERTIFICATE This thesis by Amjad Pervaiz is accepted in its present form by the Taxila Institute of Asian Civilizations, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, as satisfying the thesis requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Studies. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Khan Supervisor _________________ External Examiner __________________ External Examiner __________________ Director (TIAC) Dr. Ghani-ur-Rehman __________________ Dated: __________________ Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis in its present form is the result of my individual research and it has not been submitted concurrently to any university for any other degree. ______________ Amjad Pervaiz TAXILA INSTITUTE OF ASIAN CIVILIZATIONS QUAID-I-AZAM UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD I hereby recommend that the Dissertation prepared under my supervision by Mr. Amjad Pervaiz, entitled Analysis of Buddhist Sculptures: A Case Study of Malakand Collection in Swat Museum be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Studies. _____________________ Prof. Dr. M. Ashraf Khan Supervisor DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my parents, sisters, wife and daughters Yousra Khan, Mahnoor Amjad and Ayesha Amjad who suffered and compromised a lot to enable me to complete this study. Contsents LIST OF MAPS ........................................................................................................... -
The Buddhist Collection of Wali-E Swat: Its History, Classification and Analysis
The Buddhist Collection of Wali-e Swat: Its History, Classification and Analysis by Tahira Tanweer INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR 2010 The Buddhist Collection of Wali-e Swat: Its History, Classification and Analysis Dissertation submitted to the Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Peshawar in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved by: 1. Professor Dr. M. Farooq Swati Institute of Archaeology & Anthropology University of Peshawar Supervisor 2. Internal Examiner 3. External Examiner INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR 2010 2 C O N T E N T S Chapter Page Preface iv Acknowledgements v Maps viii List of Tables x Abbreviations xi 1 Introduction and Brief History of the Wali’s Collection 1 Introduction 1 The Beginning of Archaeological Research in the Swat Valley 3 The History and Sources of the Wali’s Collection 4 Subject Matter of the Wali’s Collection 5 2 Cultural History and Geography of the Swat Valley 8 Nomenclature of Swat 8 Cultural and Historical Profile of the Swat Valley 8 Geography of the Swat Valley 18 Population and Human Settlements 22 Flora and Fauna 23 3 Catalogue of the Wali’s Collection 26 Catalogue of Wali-e Swat Collection 26 4 Classification and Analysis on the Basis of Zonal 89 Workshops Classification of the Collection 89 Classification on the Subject Matter 89 Jātakas or Previous Births’ Stories of the Buddha 89 The Life Story of the Buddha 90 -
Department of Archaeology
Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Latest Discoveries in the Cultural Heritage of Ancient Gandhara and Other Parts of Pakistan Main Stupa at Najigram, Swat Valley September 4 - 6, 2005 Swat DEPARTMENTUniversity OF of ARCHAEOLOGY Peshawar Ancient Pakistan, Vol. XVII - 2006 Symposium CONTENTS Title Page Introduction, Aims and Objective and other related Information (Pre-scheduled 46 programme) ....................................................................................................................... Ethnic Profile of Gandhara ……..................................................................................... Abdur Rehman and Shah Nazar Khan 75 Terracotta Female Figurines from Protohistoric Swat …………….........................… 83 Arundhati Banerji Monsoon Preparation Work at DK-G Area Moenjodaro During 2005 ……………… 91 Muhammad Safdar Khan The Darel Valley: the Chinese Sources and the Field Research (1998-2004)……….. 101 Haruko Tsuchiya Fascinating Discoveries from Buddhist Sanctuary of Badalpur, District Haripur, Taxila Valley …………………………………………………………………………… 119 Muhammad Arif and M.H.Khan Khattak Kaka Khel Ancestor Adam Baba and his Tomb at Karboga (Kohat) N.W.F.P ……… 127 Shakirullah and Gul Rahim Khan Ghaligai Hill Engravings Reveal a Personification of “Uttarasena” (King of Uddiyana): A New Thought …………………………………………………………… 133 Badshah Sardar A Copper Hoard of the Great Kusanas ……………………………………………… 139 Gul Rahim Khan Lower Palaeolithic in the Soan Valley, Rawalpindi, Pakistan …………………….. Muhammad Salim 159 Glimpses of the International Symposium in Pictures ……………….…………….. 167 Note: Out of thirty two presentations (see pp.70-72), only the above nine papers were received for publication. 45 Ancient Pakistan, Vol. XVII - 2006 Symposium INTRODUCTION Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar The Department of Archaeology was established in 1962 by the University of Peshawar under the founding Chairman Professor Ahmad Hasan Dani, an archaeologist of international repute. Apart from regular M.A., M.Phil. -
BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE in the SWAT VALLEY, PAKISTAN Stupas, Viharas, a Dwelling Unit
ACT-FIELD SCHOOL PROJECT REPORTS AND MEMOIRS SPECIAL VOLUME, 1 ISMEO BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE IN THE SWAT VALLEY, PAKISTAN Stupas, Viharas, a Dwelling Unit doMenico faccenna Piero sPagnesi with the collaboration of luca M. olivieri foreword by Marco Mancini and adriano rossi 2nd Edition PAKISTAN-ITALIAN DEBT SWAP PROGRAM italian archaeological Mission in Pakistan directorate of archaeology and MuseuMs, kP Province This Volume is published thanks to the generous support of ISMEO and Università di Bologna “Alma mater Studiorum”, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Printing costs were generously supported by a private grant. Layout and graphic by BraDypUS BraDypUS.net COMMUNICATING CULTURAL HERITAGE The Volume is realized in collaboration with the Sapienza - Università di Roma Dipartimento di Storia, Disegno e Restauro dell’Architettura. Editing by Elisabetta Valento and Erika Vecchietti. BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE IN THE SWAT VALLEY, PAKISTAN. Stupas, Viharas, a Dwel- ling Unit, by Domenico Faccenna and Piero Spagnesi, with the collaboration of Luca M. Olivieri, foreword by Marco Mancini and Adriano Rossi 2nd edition ISBN: 9788898392315 ISBN-A (doi) 10.978.8898392/315 This work is released nder the following terms: Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial - You may not use the material for commercial purposes. NoDerivatives - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. -
Buddha Stone Images in Sub-Regional Office, Peshawar: Classification and Stylistic Analysis
BUDDHA STONE IMAGES IN SUB-REGIONAL OFFICE, PESHAWAR: CLASSIFICATION AND STYLISTIC ANALYSIS By Tahir Saeed TAXILA INSTITUTE OF ASIAN CIVILIZATIONS QUAID-I-AZAM UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN 2017 Author’s Declaration I, Tahir Saeed hereby state that my PhD thesis titles “Buddha Stone Images in Sub-Regional Office, Peshawar: Classification and Stylistic Analysis” is my own work and not been submitted previously by me for taking any degree from Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad or anywhere else in the country/world. At any time if my statement is found to be incorrect even after my Graduate the university has the right to withdraw my PhD degree. Name of student: Tahir Saeed Dated: 13-08-2018. i Plagiarism Undertaking I solemnly declare that research work presented in the thesis titled “Buddha Stone Images in Sub- Regional Office, Peshawar: Classification and Stylistic Analysis” is solely my research work with no significant contribution from any person. Small contribution / help wherever taken has been duly acknowledged and that complete thesis has been written by me. I understand the Zero tolerance policy of the HEC and Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad towards plagiarism. Therefore, I as an author of the above titled thesis declare that no portion of my thesis has been plagiarized and my material used as reference is properly referred/ cited. I undertake that if I am found guilty of any formal plagiarism in the above titled thesis even after award of PhD degree, the University reserves the right to with draw/revoke my PhD degree and that HEC and the University has the right to publish may name of the HEC/University Website on which names of students are placed who submitted plagiarized thesis. -
PROMOTION of ARCHAEOLOGICAL TOURISM in KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA “Discover the Past Glory of Swat Valley”
PROMOTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL TOURISM IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA Report on Inaugural Trip “Discover the Past Glory of Swat Valley” Brief Report In pursuance to its objectives to promote archaeological tourism in the country, Sustainable Tourism Foundation Pakistan (STFP) in collaboration with Tourism Corporation of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (TCKP) and Italian Archaeological Mission’s ACT Project has launched a package tours program for domestic and foreign tourists to promote the exploration of rich cultural and archaeological heritage of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The launching event of this program was held on 9th May at Tourist Information Center of TCKP at Islamabad. Mr. Mustaq Khan, Managing Director of TCKP was Chief Guest on this occasion. In his address to the participants of the inaugural trip he said that his organization is striving hard to promote the great potential for nature and culture tourism of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He said that this kinds of educational trips create awareness among our people and especially youth and students about the unique cultural and natural heritage of our country. He said that TCKP will organize more such trips in future in collaboration with Sustainable Tourism Foundation Pakistan. More than 50 participants including professionals of tourism industry, travel writers, media persons, students and faculty members from the Archaeology Departments of various universities participated in this two day inaugural trip to lower Swat Valley from 9th to 10th May 2014 with the financial support of Tourism Corporation of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (TCKP). Trip members visited archaeological sites of Bazira at Barikot, Udegram, Butkara Stupa at Saidu Sharif, Ghaleghai rock carvings, Amlukdara Stupa near Barikot and Takht‐e‐Bahi Buddhist Monastery near Mardan. -
Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha) Editors:Editors:Editors: Ihsan Ali*
Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha) Editors:Editors:Editors: Ihsan Ali* Muhammad Naeem Qazi** Price: US $ 20/- Title:Title:Title: Gandharan Sculptures in the Peshawar Museum (Life Story of Buddha) Frontispiece: Buddha Visiting Kashyapa Correspondence Address: Hazara University, Mansehra, NWFP – Pakistan Website: hu.edu.pk E-mail: [email protected] * Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Currently Vice Chancellor, Hazara University, Mansehra, NWFP – Pakistan ** Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan CONTRIBUTORS 1. Prof. Dr. Ihsan Ali, Vice Chancellor Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan 2. Muhammad Naeem Qazi, Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 3. Ihsanullah Jan, Lecturer, Department of Cultural Heritage & Tourism Management, Hazara University 4. Muhammad Ashfaq, University Museum, Hazara University 5. Syed Ayaz Ali Shah, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 6. Abdul Hameed Chitrali, Lecturer, Department of Cultural Heritage & Tourism Management, Hazara University 7. Muhammad Imran Khan, Archaeologist, Charsadda, Pakistan 8. Muhammad Haroon, Archaeologist, Mardan, Pakistan III ABBREVIATIONS A.D.F.C. Archaeology Department, Frontier Circle A.S.I. Archaeological Survery of India A.S.I.A.R. Archaeological Survery of India, Annual Report D.G.A. Director General of Archaeology E.G.A.C. Exhibition of the German Art Council I.G.P. Inspector General Police IsMEO Instituto Italiano -
Narrative Art Between India and the Hellenistic World
34 Narrative Art Between India and the Hellenistic World Narrative Art Between India and the Hellenistic World Maurizio Taddei These pages synthesize everything I said—not read—over the course of four lectures given at the IsMEO Seminars in the Palazzo Brancaccio on February 15, 22, 29, and on March 7, 1992.* There are also some additions, partially prompted by the questions posed to me at the end of each meeting, meant to make the presentation more precise and well-documented. I had the opportunity to talk about closely related subjects on various occasions: at the Institut für Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde of the University of Vienna in 1989, at the Institut d'Archéologie et d'Histoire Ancienne of the University of Lausanne in 1990, and once more in the same year at the Institute of Archaeology of the Archaeological Survey of India, in New Delhi. The same subjects—analyzed more from an Indian than a Gandharan viewpoint—were also dealt with during my course “Archaeology and History of the Art of India” at the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy of the Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli during the academic year 1991–92. A final notice: some of the reflections that follow have been included in an article currently being printed in Vestnik Drevnej Drevnei Istorii. Journal of Ancient History.† I would like to thank Prof. Gherardo Gnoli, President of IsMEO, and Dr. Beniamino Melasecchi, Director of IsMEO Schools, for asking me to hold this series of lectures and for encouraging me to publish this essay. *** * This article by the late Maurizio Taddei was originally published in Italian with an extensive English-language summary in, On Gandhāra. -
Buddhism and Buddhist Heritage of Uḍiyāna As Narrated by Xuanzang
Ancient Punjab – Volume 4, 2016-2017 61 BUDDHISM AND BUDDHIST HERITAGE OF UḌIYĀNA AS NARRATED BY XUANZANG Ayesha Bibi ABSTRACT Faxian, Song Yun and Xuanzang were among hundreds of Chinese Buddhist monks who made pilgrimages to ancient India in 5th, 6th and 7th century CE respectively. They are more celebrated than others due to the detailed accounts of their pilgrimages. These travel records are significant historical resources for several reasons. Firstly, they provide precise accounts of the nature of Buddhist doctrines, rituals, and monastic institutions in South, Central, and Southeast Asia. Secondly, they contain essential information about the social and political conditions of South Asia and the kingdoms situated on the routes between China and India. Thirdly, they offer meticulous insights into cross-cultural perceptions and interactions. Additionally, these accounts throw light on the laborious nature of long-distance travel and commercial exchanges. The most celebrated among all the Chinese pilgrims was Xuanzang, who prepared a comprehensive account of his travels from China via Central Asia and Afghanistan to ancient India. Xuanzang’s pilgrimage served as an authentic historical source for the identification of Buddhist sites in ancient Gandhāra and Uḍiyāna by renowned scholars like, Colonel H. A. Deane, Sir Alexander Cunningham, A. Foucher, Sir Aurel Stein, Sir John Marshall, G. Tucci and G. Stacul. The work in hand is based on the pilgrimage of Xuanzang to ancient Uḍiyāna (the present Swat Valley in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan) where he visited most of the Buddhist stupas and monasteries and prepared a rich account of the then prevailing socioreligious conditions of the valley.