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Sulawesi Language Texts Language and Culture Archives Sulawesi language texts Barbara Friberg, ed. ©1990, SIL International License This document is part of the SIL International Language and Culture Archives. It is shared ‘as is’ in order to make the content available under a Creative Commons license: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). More resources are available at:www.sil.org/resources/language-culture-archives. LANGUAGE DATA Asia-Pacific Series Number 15 SULAWESI LANGUAGE TEXTS A Barbara Friberg PL529i . Z77 UNHAS-SIL S85 Editor 1990 SULAWESI LANGUAGE TEXTS Barbara Friberg UNHAS-SIL Editor A Publication of The Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc. in cooperation with Hasanuddin University Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi Dallas 1990 SULAWESI LANGUAGE TEXTS LANGUAGE DATA is a serial publication of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc. The series is intended as an outlet for data-oriented papers aut ored by members of the Institute. All volumes are issued as microfiche editions, while certain selected volumes are also printed in offset editions. A listing of available volumes will be sent on request. Copyright © 1990 by the Summer Institute of Linguisties, Inc. ISBN 0-88312-215-4 (also microfiche AP 15, ISBN 0-88312-300-2) p,UST RA ISSN 1040-4414 LIBRARY NAL urti`4' Printed in Indonesia All Rights Reserved Summer Institute of Linguistics Kotak Pos 164 Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means--electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or otherwise--without the express permission of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, with the exception of brief excerpts in journal articles or reviews. Copies of this and other publications of the Summer Institute of Linguistics may be obtained from International Academic Bookstore Summer Institute of Lingui Camp VVisdomWisdom Road Dallas TX 75236 USA SULAWESI LANGUAGE TEXTS Summer Institute of Linguistics LANGUAGE DATA ASIA-PACIFIC SERIES Publication Number 15 AUSTIN HALE PHYLLIS HEALEY DAVID THOMAS Series Editors WILLIAM R. MERRIFIELD Editor-in-chief Academic Publications Coordinator CONTENTS Introduction 1 Abbreviations Used 3 Map 6 1. Bob and Marilyn Busenitz: Balantak texts Preparing Sago 7 Looking for Tooth Medicine 13 2. Drs. Abdul Ghani Hali: Ledo text Marriage Proposal in the Kaili Region 23 3. Don and Sharon Barr: Da'a texts Making a Blowgun 34 The Creation of the World 38 4. Michael and Martha Martens: Uma text Barkcloth 46 5. Juha and Pirkko Christensen: Rampi text The Legend of the King's Rat Son 53 6. Tom and Kathy Laskowske: Seko texts Marriage Customs 64 Water Buffalo at Seko 69 7. Kari and Susanne Valkama: Duri texts Making Cottage Cheese 75 Massapeoq - a Duri Custom 81 8. Timothy and Barbara Friberg: Konjo texts Working the Cornfields Until the Produce is Eaten 89 Power to Make Oneself Invisibile 100 9. Bibliography 114 INTRODUCTION 1. Languages of Sulawesi This volume presents texts from eight of the languages spoken by minority groups of South and Central Sulawesi; Balantak, Ledo, Da'a, Uma, Rampi represent the Central Sulawesi stock, while Seko, Duri and Konjo represent the South Sulawesi stock. Balantak belongs to the Saluan subfamily, and is not closely related to the other languages in this volume. Da'a and Ledo are dialects of the large Kaili language in Central Sulawesi. Uma is closely related to the Kaili language. Rampi, which shares some similarities with Uma, also belongs to the Kaili-Pamona language family. Seko seems to be quite distinct from other languages in the area but is officially grouped with the Torajan languages. Duri belongs to the large language family called northern south Sulawesi. While closely related to the Toraja sub-family, it is a member of the Massenrempulu subfamily. Konjo is officially considered a dialect of the large Makasar language. The following map gives the approximate location of these eight languages (page 6). No matter how distinct these languages are, they demonstrate numerous similarities; the data in this volume should be useful for comparative studies. At the same time some of the more closely related languages, such as Da'a and Uma have quite different syntactic structures, showing the divergence which is possible over time or the influences from other languages of the area. 2. Notes on the Texts This volume has been prepared by linguists in Sulawesi working in cooperation with UNHAS-SIL. The volume is presented with the hope that both linguists working with Austronesian languages and anthropologists will find the data valuable. The texts have been selected as those that give some insight into the respective cultures so that students of anthropology may use the texts as a basis for further research. The texts have been given in interlinear format so that linguists can benefit from the morphological analysis. Free translations in both English and Indonesian facilitate the use of these texts by both Indonesian and western linguists. A great deal of effort was put into making the abbreviations used in the morpheme glosses as self-consistent as possible, so that comparative studies can be done more readily. Even so, there are different glosses for some morphemes which appear to actually have the same function in different languages. This is inevitable given the range of analysis and contact with the languages. While a few of the languages represented have been carefully analyzed over a long period of time, others have only had a cursory analysis, resulting in less differentiation or clarification of some of the more obtuse morphemes. Although the abbreviations 2 SULAWESI LANGUAGE TEXTS are all defined in a following list (pages 3-5), some of the terms will not be immediately clear because they represent functions that are not often found in languages of the world. A bibliography is appended so that those interested in further research will be able to read specific articles on a given language. As much .as possible one gloss was given for each unique morpheme; no attempt was made to give a different English meaning if it varied only due to context. The free translation serves to show how a given morpheme (seen as one semantic concept) shows semantic variation in English or Indonesian with different contexts. The free translations neither slavishly follow the original text structure, nor do they represent good discourse style in English or Indonesian. It should be clear that a compromise approach to the free translations was the only option if they were to be at all readable and yet show some structural relation to the original language texts. INTRODUCTION 3 ABBREVIATIONS USED The following list of abbreviations represents notations used to identify affixes or particles in the texts from the eight languages found in this volume. The eight columns on the left identify which language uses a particular abbreviation. Each column represents one language in the following order (the letter code for the language is capitalized in bold): B =Balantak, L = Ledo, D =Da'a, U=Uma, R=Rampi, S=Seko, I =Duri, K=Konjo. A Absolutive (+person) URIK ADJ Adjective (/I or /R) BLD ADV Adverb D AF Actor Focus (B + person) BU AFF Affected prefix LDUS AG Agent LD AJR Adjective prefix I AST Assertive enclitic (+ person) U BEN Benefactive RSIK CAUS Causative LDSIK CAUSa Causative (adjective) K CLSR Classifier URK CMP Completive (+person) -mo BLDURSIK CMPV Completive particle K CND Conditional (if) RSI CNDNEG Conditional Negative (if not) SI CPR Comparative I CTp Count prefix SIK C1R Contrastive enclitic U DEF Definite article affix BLDIK DES Desiderative (to desire) K D1 Deictic near speaker I D2 Deictic near hearer I D3 Deictic far from both I E Ergative (+person) URIK EMP Emphatic (+ person) RSIK EMPH Emphatic Word B EXC Exclamation B F Future SIK 4 SULAWE,SI LANGUAGE TEXTS GFnoA Goal Focus with unspecified Actor S GFwA Goal Focus with specified Actor S GF/I Goal Focus/Irrealis BLD GF/R Goal Focus/Realis BLD GP General Preposition BLDURIK HYP Hypothetical IMP Imperative B INC or I Incompletive (+person) BIK INS/C Intensifier/Completive B INS/I Intensifier/Incompletive B INST Instrumental Prefix S INT Intransitive BRSI INT/D /1 /R Intransitive/Derivational/Irrealis/Realis LD IR Irrealis (D&L +person) BLD LG Ligature or Nasal Link LDUR LI Locational and Demonstrative Indicator LOC Locative suffix (in some cases BURSIK this is a transitivizer suffix) • NB Negative/Benefactive (+person) S NEG Negative BLDURSIK NEGDES Negative Desiderative (not want) K NEGNV Negative, nonverbal K NR Nominalizer BLDURSIK NRa Nominalizer for adjective K NRp Nominalizer, person or prefix BK NRs Nominalizer suffix BRIK NVOL Nonvolitional action BIK ORDR Ordinal PART Discourse Particle B PASS Passive IK PI Person Identifier BDRK PL Plural (full word) BS PO Possessive (+person) BLDURSIK POSS Possessive (full word) LD PRB Prohibitive (don't) 1 PRO Pronoun (+person, full word) BLDRSIK PUR Purpose D Q Question suffix I QNs Quantifier Suffix RK INTRODUCTION 5 RE Realis B REC Reciprocal action BLSIK RED Reduplication BDI REL Relative Pronoun BLDURI RELp Relative prefix K RELs Relative suffix K REM Remaining (+person) K REP Repeated action BK RS Reported Speech IK SEQ Sequential STV Stativeprefix IK STV/I /R Stative/Irrealis/Realis SUR Surprise particle TRN Transitive S TRN/D Transitive Derivational LDU TRN/I /R Transitive/Irrealis/Realis LD TZa Transitivizer, adjective K UEX Unexpected aspect B VRi Verbalizer, intransitive BURIK VRt Verbalizer, transitive URIK VSBR Verbal subordinator Pronouns and person markers are a combination of the following: 1 First person 2 Second person 3 Third person -s Singular -p Plural -pn Plural inclusive -yx Plural exclusive Familiar -h Honorific Examples of how these combine follow: lpnPRO First person plural inclusive pronoun 3sPO Third person singular possessive SULAWFS1 LANGUAGE TEXTS SULAVVESI 1.
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