sistance. the department said, by the Foreign Broadcast intelligence Atlanta, attended public schools in Service of the Federal Communica- that city and a girl's finishing Dr. Pound, Best, tions Commission, which recorded school in Texas. At the age of thousands of words of short-wave 16 she ran away from the Texas propaganda broadcast by the de- school, married and settled in New fendants. York. In 1915 she went to London Aid to Enemy Charged. and worked for the London Daily 6 Others Indicted Mail as a reporter. She was di- The indictments, which follow the vorced from her American husband same general pattern, allege that in 1918 and returned to New Yciak. each of the defendants gave aid Little is known of her activities As Traitors to the enemies of the during the decade following the by repeated broadcasts of propa- World War except that she Made 0 ganda "designed to persuade citizens several trips to Europe, and wrote District Jury Names- of the United States to decline to occasionally for various Ameriain support the United States in the newspapers and magazines. Americans Serving conduct of the war." During the Spanish Civil War she The defendants are charged with was sentenced to death by thelaoyal- As accepting employment with the ists in 1938 on charges Italian and German governments of being' La (Pictures on age A- .lip and with writing and broadcasting (See INDICTMENTS, Page A-5.)._ speeches and statements deliber- Eigh American citizens now ately intended to weaken the morale resident in or Italy, in- of the American people, dissuade cluding Dr. , poet, au- them from making war on the Ezra Pound, Best, thor and musician, were indicted Axis, undermine faith in their own on treason charges today by the Governinent and the governments District grand Jury. of their Allies, and in other ways 6 Others Indicted to interfere with the military and The indictments accused the naval operations of the United 'ight, two of whom were women, States. d giving aid and comfort to the The indictments said all radio faa Here as Traitors enemy by broadcasting propa- cilities of both Germany and Italy (Continued From First Page.) ganda designed to persuade are under the direct control of the American citizens to refuse' respective enemy governments and spy. At the intervention of the tso that only such messages as will State Department the sentence was support the United States in the advance the interest of the enenaa *war. revoked and she came to the United are allowed to be transmitted. States with her second husband, the Named in eight separate indict- Following the declaration of 'War Count de Cienfuegos whom she had ments were : against the United States, the in- married some years before in Spain. Robert H. a, 47. one-time dictments continued, the German On her arrival here she became a UnnEt—Sra= Army officer; fot- and Italian governments immedi- militant supporter of Gen. Franco merly of Sumter, S. Ca ately started a propaganda cam- and the Spanish Fascist. Late in aalaredarick paign by short-wave broadcasta W. helm Kaltenbach, 48, formerly 1939 she returned to Spain and in of I5TVi.uque, Iowa; Dr. Pound, 57, beamed to the United States to 1941 went to Germany and began weaken the morale of the American her propaganda broadcasts for the formerly of New York City aaaaug- people. las Chandler 54, formerly of BaI- German government. tlirravard L According to the indictments, the As a propagandist for Hitler she Delaney, 57, Axis governments sought the formerly o ney, I .: nstance WI) Was introduced as a "famous Cath- of American citizens in this efaara olic orator" and her remarks are al- Drexel 8, formerly of Philadel- because their language and knosala p a; Jane Anderson, 50, formerly edge of the customs of the Ameria most entirely devoted to denunci- of AtITITEr—Gr---refrd Max Otto can people, reinforced by false ations of Communism and charges Kai 41, formerlys—orNew declarations of loyalty, would mat of the "Communist domination" of York City. such propaganda broadcasts more the Roosevelt and Churchill govern- credible. ments. She suddenly stopped All except Dr. Pound, the Justice broadcasting in April, 1942. Department said, are in the employ Biddle's Comment. of the German Reich and broadcast Counterpart of Haw Haw. Commenting on the grand jury Kaltenbach, born in Dubuque of from and other points in action, Attorney General Biddle said Germany. Dr. Pound broadcasts German immigrant parents, who it "reaffirms the fact that the United served in the World War from lame. Six of those indicted States will not tolerate traitors, As a sec- are native Americans and two—the ond lieutenant of Field Artillery, either at home or abroad. It is our was described as the Nazi's Amer- Drexel woman and Koischwitz- intention when we can to apprea were born in Germany. ican counterpart of Lord Haw Haw, hend these defendants and to bring the expatriate British Fascist who Attorney General Biddle said all them to trial before a jury of their also_ broadcasts from Germany. would be brought to trial when ap- fellow citizens, whom they are prehended. charged with betraying. Kaltenbach went to Germany in "It should be clearly understood June, 1933, ostensibly to study for Under the treason statute, the de- his Ph. D. at the University of fendants face either the death pen- that these indictments are based not only on the content of the propa- Berlin. Instead he worked as trans- alty or, at the discretion of the lator and free lance writer and court, imprisonment for not less ganda statements—the lies and fals,i7 ficatitins which were uttered—but later for the government-controlled than five years and fine of not less also on the simple fact that the radio system. Kaltenbach's strong than $10,000. people have freely elected, at a time Nazi sympathies were well known The treason charges came as a when their country is at war, to,alea to many of the American colony result of an investigation of nearly vote their services to the cause of the iat Berlin. He began his propa- a year by the criminal division of enemies of the United States. They ganda broadcasts to the United the Federal Bureau of Investigation have betrayed the first and Most States early in 1941, usually ad- and the special war policies unit sacred obligation of American citi- dressing his remarks to "Dear of the Justice Department. The in- zenship." Harry," and other mythical Iowa friends. vestigators were given material as- Jane Anderson Sentenced as Spy. Born in Darnstadt, Germany, Jane Anderson, who was born' ih came to trim on the fact of his American citizen- country in 1895 with her father and ship and his command of the Broad- obtained derivative citizenship when way vernacular, which are supposed he was . naturalized in Boston in to give his broadcast an intimate year, joining the faculty of Columbia 1898. As a young women she en- "just one of the boys from home" University as an instructor in Ger- tered newspaper work with the flavor. For a time he acted as man. In 1931, he transferred to Boston Globe and later worked for master of ceremonies of "an alleged- the faculty of Hunter College, and various other papers, including the ly humorous program" the purpose four years later became a natural- Public Ledger, the of which was to satirize events in ized Amreican citizen. Tribune and the McClure the United States. He was taken off Koischwitz visited Germany in Syndicate. the air in June, 1942. 1935 and in 1937. In 1939 he made She made half a dozen trips to Koischwitz was born in Germany, another trip to that country, taking Europe and attended the Geneva the son of a prominent surgeon and his family with him. He gave. no arms conference in 1932. Even at received a Ph. D. degree from the intimation of his intention to re- this early date she was known University of Berlin in 1925. He main in Germany, the Justice De- among her colleagues abroad as a came to the United States the same partment said, but after he had re- staunch supporter of Hitler. In 1938, quested several extensions of his she was employed in Philadelphia leave from Hunter College and re- on the WPA writers project and left fused to respond to requests for in- suddenly for Berlin in 1939, ex- terviews made by the American con- plaining that her passage was being sulate in Berlin, it became clear that paid for by the German government. he was planning to remain in Ger- She began her broadcast over the many for the duration of the Var. German short wave in 1940. She has By 1940 it was known that he was working for the German govern- confined her broadcasting for the ment and the following year he' went :Nazis largely to "cultural" items. on the air as a propagandist. Koisch- Chandler Educated in Balthnore. wits is known on the German short , a native of Chi- waves as "sLazz I • cagq, grew up and received his His more recent programs con- -education in Baltimore. He served sisted on commentaries on the war ='for a short time in the Navy in and international politics slanted to '`the last war, worked for a few the Nazi cause and deriding the years as reporter and columnist for United Nations. fKthe Balthnore Sunday American, land then went into the advertising 'business in New York. In 1930, he went to France and has not re- turned since. Chandler drifted about Central ?Europe and the Balkans for several :years and spent much time in and Berlin. The Nazis placed at his disposal an elaborate home in a Berlin suburb confiscated from a political prisoner. By 1938, the Justice Department said, his conversion to was complete, and he made a lecture tour through England and Scotland on behalf of the German government, praising the virtues of National Socialism. With the approach of the war in 1941, he ignored the urgent request of the State Depart- ment to return to the United States, and in the.summer of that year he DOUGLAS began his propaganda broadcasts MAX KOISCHWITZ. EDWARD L. to this country. CHANDLER. DELANEY. Delaney was born in Olney, Ill., -rnrur went on the stage in 1910 with a company then playing ''Get Rich Quick Wallingford." For the next 20 years he remained on the stage. For a few years he was chief of general publicity for Loew's, Inc., movie and theatrical corporation, in the firm's New York offices. Delaney Used Name of Ward. In December, 1939, Delaney went to Europe and has remained there ever since. He went on the air as a. short wave broadcaster to this country under the name of E. D. Ward and at the same time malIrer el:Jr7Menable quantities of Nazi propaganda to friends and relatives JANE ANDERSON. CONSTANCE FREDERICK W. in this country. DREX:o L. KALTENBACH. Delaney was described as one of the lesser luminaries on the Nazi INDICTED ON TREASON CHARGES—The four men and two netwnrk. He traded almost entirely women shown above were among eight persons indicted by a District grand-jury today on charges of treason. Those shown here are now living in Germany.; (Story on Page A-1.)