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The Impact of the Conflict Amongst the Warrior Class Members to Japan’S 16Th Century Feudal System in Eiji Yoshikawa’S Taiko

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The Impact of the Conflict Amongst the Warrior Class Members to Japan’S 16Th Century Feudal System in Eiji Yoshikawa’S Taiko PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TITLE PAGE THE IMPACT OF THE CONFLICT AMONGST THE WARRIOR CLASS MEMBERS TO JAPAN’S 16TH CENTURY FEUDAL SYSTEM IN EIJI YOSHIKAWA’S TAIKO AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements forthe Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By PATRICIA PARAMITHA Student Number: 164214075 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI MOTTO PAGE Out of breath in my lungs From the small window reflects the inverted head and Morning glories racing for growth. -Tigridia- vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI DEDICATION PAGE For my beloved individuals who have kept me alive until this day. vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................... i APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ........................................................................................... iii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ........................................................................ iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS .................................................................................. v MOTTO PAGE ....................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION PAGE ............................................................................................ vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ xi ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. xii CHAPTER I: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ................................................................................. 1 B. Research Questions .......................................................................................... 4 C. Objectives of the Study .................................................................................... 5 D. Definition of Terms .......................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................... 6 A. Review of Related Studies ............................................................................... 6 B. Review of Related Theories ............................................................................. 9 C. Theoretical Framework .................................................................................. 27 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ....................................................................... 29 A. Object of the Study ...................................................................................... 29 B. Approach of the Study .................................................................................. 30 viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI C. Method of the Study ..................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 32 A. The Conflict amongst the Warrior Class Members in Eiji Yoshikawa’s Taiko ............................................................................................................... 32 B. The Impact of the Conflict towards the Feudal System in Japan ...................... 47 C. The Effect of the Conflict towards Current Society ........................................ 58 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION .............................................................................. 70 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 72 ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS On my last days of being a member of Sanata Dharma University, I would like to send my gratitude towards all of the peers that have provided me with experiences and life advice during my studies for a bachelor’s degree. I would like to send my deepest gratitude to my thesis advisor, Dr. Tatang Iskarna who has been patient and helpful in this research, and also my co-advisor, Dra. Th. Enny Anggraini, Ph.D., who also helped me in this research. Last of all, I would like to thank my mother and my friends who have been the greatest support in completing my studies. Thank you to my best friend, Deborah for being so patient and kind in dealing with me during my studies. Thank you to Chris, Rania, Nina, and especially Ersya for being such good support in my darkest times, I would have been in a very horrible condition without you all. Thank you to Hinako and Takuhiro who have been so helpful and considerate in helping me to give a clearer perspective of Japan. Thank you to everyone who I couldn’t mention for the support and heads-up. May life bring you the joy that you wanted! Patricia Paramitha x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT PARAMITHA, P. (2020). The Impact of the Conflict amongst the Warrior Class Members to Japan’s 16th Century Feudal System in Eiji Yoshikawa’s Taiko.Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. This thesis is aimed at describing the conflict amongst the members of the Warrior class, especially Shogun, Daimyō, and Samurai to gain control over Japan in the 16th century in Eiji Yoshikawa’s Taiko, a novel written in 1967 in Japanese and translated into English in 2001. Besides, it also depicts how the conflict impacts the structure of Japan’s feudal system and how the novel, as produced in a certain culture, social and intellectual context gives the effect to the Japanese society. This thesis uses library research and applies the historical approach. The theories employed are the theory of conflict, either conflict in literary work proposed by X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia or sociological context stated by Max Weber and Lewis Coser’s, and the historical background of the feudal system in Japan in the 16th century described in some sources. The findings of the research are as follows. The conflict amongst the members of the Warrior class in Japan is the conflict between a group of society against another group; the conflict begins with the conflict between Oda Nobunaga as a part of the Daimyō against the warrior-monks of Mount Hiei. After winning against the war that leads to the fall of Mount Hiei and the defeat of the warrior-monks, Oda Nobunaga encountered a new conflict with Shogun Yoshiaki as his opponent due to political disagreement. The Oda clan later won against Shogun Yoshiaki in political war. The whole reason why Oda Nobunaga took down his opponents is to gain control over Japan. The conflict gave some impact towards Japan’s feudal system in the 16th century in the way that it switched the feudal structure of Japan from the Shogun authority to the Daimyō authority and changed the perspective of the Japanese society towards the Warrior-class itself. From the perspective of the historical context, the novel gives the effect of familiarity to the current reader, in the way that the readers can compare the situation between the conflicts that happened in 16th century Japan to the issues in 21st century Japan. This thesis analyze of the Warrior class with the government of Japan. Especially the similarities it brings in the conflict between the Daimyō and the Shogun to the conflict between the Prime minister and the governor of Tokyo in their involvement in current Japanese issues that have been going for decades. Keywords: Warrior class, Japanese Feudal System, Social conflict xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK PARAMITHA, P. (2020). The Impact of the Conflict amongst the Warrior Class Members to Japan’s 16th Century Feudal System in Eiji Yoshikawa’s Taiko.Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan konflik antara anggota kelas Prajurit, terutama Shogun, Daimyō, dan Samurai untuk mendapatkan kendali atas Jepang pada abad ke-16 dalam novel Taiko oleh Eiji Yoshikawa. Sebuah novel yang ditulis pada tahun 1967 dalam bahasa Jepang dan diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris pada tahun 2001. Selain itu, ia juga menggambarkan bagaimana konflik berdampak pada struktur sistem feodal Jepang dan bagaimana novel, yang diproduksi dalam budaya, konteks sosial dan intelektual tertentu memberikan efek kepada masyarakat Jepang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan penerapan pendekatan historis. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori konflik, baik konflik dalam karya sastra yang diajukan oleh X.J. Kennedy dan Dana Gioia atau dalam konteks sosiologis yang dikemukakan oleh Max Weber dan Lewis Coser. Latar belakang sejarah sistem feodal di Jepang pada abad ke-16 akan dijelaskan dalam beberapa sumber. Konflik di antara anggota kelas Prajurit di Jepang adalah konflik antara kelompok masyarakat terhadap kelompok lain. konflik dimulai dengan konflik antara Oda Nobunaga sebagai bagian dari Daimyō
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