TEAM RESEARCH PROJECTS
SIXTEEN of you chose to be members of four different teams researching one of the following topics: Islam, Buddhism, the Tibetans, the Uyghurs. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: Presentation 4:30 PM September 26. Options: 1) 20-minute multi-media presentation produced by the four members “as a whole”. Combine research, reading, videos, local photographs, souvenirs, etc. 2) 20-minute Power Point Presentation 3) Talking Heads (if you do this please rehearse so that it is a tight 20- minute presentation).
ALSO: each member of each team submits a typed 3-page (5-page if for credit) summation of our contribution to the team project. RESEARCH STRATEGIES 1) DURING orientation, the four of you must get together. Decide on who is going to do the visual documents. Who is going to research the written secondary texts? Who is going to take note of on-site artifacts (such as prayer wheel, minarets, prayer rooms, types of hats, scarves, typical foods [tsampa, naan, milk tea, etc.], eight auspicious symbols of Buddhism, thangkas. Who is going to investigate the sacred texts [sutra, Koran]. Who is going to record music? Muqaam? Trumpet blasts? Chanting monks? 2) On the road none of your team makes a presentation. 3) When you return tie together your individual researches—hope you have been talking all the way—and make it a tight-knit report. FOUR SPECIFIC TOPICS
A. BUDDHISM: • Historic origins of Buddhism, Siddhartha, spread of Buddhism • Essence of Buddhist thought: Four major insights, 8-fold path to freedom • Differences between Mahayana and Theravada Buddhism • When and where does Buddhism enter China? How was it disguised/confused with Taoism? • How is Tibetan Buddhism different? Investigate BON religion. TRIP HIGHLIGHTS: • Xi’an Big Goose and Small Goose Pagodas. Xuanzhang’s journey to India • Buddhist Museum at the Forest of Steles Museum • Xia’he—Labrang Monastery and women’s nunnery. Tibetan Buddhism • Lanzhou—temples atop hill opposite city proper • Dunhuang—Mogao Grottoes—testaments of Buddhism on the Silk Road • Xinjiang—Buddhist relics from pre-Islamic era: Jiaohe ancient village & Turpan museum BIBLIOGRAPHY: Buddhism: A Very Short Introduction. Damien Keown, Oxford University Press, 1966. Buddhism in Chinese History, Arthur F. Wright, Stanford University Press, 1959. Caves of the Thousand Buddhas: Chinese Art from the Silk Route, Roderick Whitefield and Ann Farrer, George Brazilier, Inc, 1990. Guide to Buddhist Temples of China, Christian Cochini, Macau Ricci Institute, 2009. Fifty Great Masters of Buddhist Thought, Christian Cochini, Macau Ricci Institute, 2016 Labrang: A Tibetan Buddhist Monastery at the Crossroads of Four Civilizations, Paul Kocot Nietupski, Snow Lion Publications, 1999. Symbols of Tibetan Buddhism, Claude B. Levenson, Assouline Publishing, 2000 The Art of Buddhism: An Introduction to its History and Meaning, Denise Patry Leidy, Shambhala Publications, 2008. The Buddhist Monastery, M N Rajesh, Roli Books, 1998. Tibetan Buddhism: An Introduction, Sangharakshita, Windhorse Publication 1996. Tibet’s Ancient Religion: Bon, Christopher Baumer. Trumbull, CT : Weatherhill, 2002. Xuanzhang: a Buddhist Pilgrim on the Silk Road, Sally Hover Wiggins, Westview Press, 1996. VIDEOS ON THE INTERNET: The Life of Buddha, http://youtube.com/watch?v=_K5jcKg28wQ
Light at the Edge of the World: Himalayas Science of the Mind, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8093699829364187229#
Tibet: A Buddhist Trilogy, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3391962273658009645# The Yogis of Tibet, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1120080712987405885# Lost Treasures of Tibet, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbaAnk9gtww
B. ISLAM IN CHINA • Historic Origins of Islam and its spread • The Essence of Islamic teaching and the Five Practices • The Division of Sunni and Shiite • Islam enters China on the Silk Road and via the Ocean route into Quanzhou • Muslims in Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi: Uyghurs, Hui, Salar
TRIP HIGHLIGHTS • Xi’an—Great Mosque in Muslim Quarter • Linxia—Xichuan Mosque—meet HUI • Kashgar—Id Kah Mosque and Aba Khoja Mausoleum and Mosque
BEIJING EXPLORATIONS • Muslim restaurants on campus, at East Gate (Ma Family), West Gate: 2 restaurants • Niujie Mosque—HUI colony in Beijing
BIBLIOGRAPHY Between Mecca and Beijing: Modernization and Consumption among Urban Chinese Muslims, Maris Boyd Gillette, Stanford University Press, 2000. China’s Muslims, Michael Dillon, Oxford University Press, 1996. Development and Decline of Beijing’s Hui Muslim Community, Zhou Chuanbin & Ma Xuefeng Silkworm Books, 2009. Governing China’s Multi-ethnic Frontiers, Morris Rossabi, (editor) University of Washington Press, 2004. Muslims in China, Sheila Hollihan-Eliot, Mason Crest Publishers, 2006. The Preaching of Islam, T W Arnold, Constable and Co. 1974. Xinjiang: China’s Muslim Borderland, S. Frederick Starr (editor), M.E. Sharp, Inc. 2004.
VIDEOS ON THE INTERNET Islamic China: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3znQuNy_vgc
Islam in China: Government Rules over Islam & Hui Muslims: https://www.youtube.com/watch?y=TKMKt_ANbZs The Splendid Hui Chinese Muslim Culture of Ningxia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTrU-2Xiaio The Uighurs Versus the Chinese Government: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gm4uVWNAc0k
C. THE TIBETANS • An Ethnographic Profile of the Tibetan People • Distinguish between Cultural and Territorial Tibet • Distinguish between Kham, Amdo and Tibet • The original Tibetan Kingdom and its intermarriage with Tang China
TRIP HIGHLIGHTS • Xia’he Tibetan Village home: dinner, dance, music • Xia’he Labrang Monastery and Nunnery • Xia’he Sky Burial grounds
BEIJING EXPLORATIONS • Lama Temple “Yonghegong”
BIBLIOGRAPHY “Brick Tea and Tsampa” in Tibetan Marches, Andre Migot, pp. 101. E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc. New York, 1955. Governing China’s Multi-ethnic Frontiers, Morris Rossabi, (editor) University of Washington Press, 2004. “In the Valley of the Eagle, Expedition 47.2,” Mark Aldenderfer and Holley Moyes, Academic Search Premier, EBSCO. Web. 11 October 2010. Labrang: A Tibetan Buddhist Monastery at the Crossroads of Four Civilizations, Paul Kocot Nietupski, Snow Lion Publications, 1999. Symbols of Tibetan Buddhism, Claude B. Levenson, Assouline Publishing, 2000. Tales of Tibet: Sky Burials, Prayer Wheels and Wind Horses, Herbert J. Batt, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001 The Buddhist Monastery, M N Rajesh, Roli Books, 1998. “The Ritual Music of Tibet,” the Tibet Journal, Vol.1, Nos. 3 & 4, Autumn 1976. Pp 45-54 The Tibetans, T. Kapstin, Blackwell Publishing, 2006. Tibetan Buddhism: An Introduction, Sangharakshita, Windhorse Publication 1996. “Tibetan Economics,” Jeffrey Hays, N.p. 2010, Web. 17 September 2010.
Tibetan Medicine: the Buddhist Way of Healing: DolkarKhangar, Lustre Press. Tibetan Sacred Dance: A Journey into the Religious and Folk Traditions, Ellen Pearlman, Inner Traditions, 2002. VIDEOS ON THE INTERNE A Year in Tibet: http://video.yahoo.com/search/?p=A+year+in+Tibet&t+=video The Lost World of Tibet: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-6052732399094469520#> Tibet: City of the Snow Lion: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docit=6538297962102766026# Tibet: A Buddhist Trilogy, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3391962273658009645# The Yogis of Tibet, http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1120080712987405885# Lost Treasures of Tibet, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbaAnk9gtww The Blue Buddha-Lost Secrets of Tibetan Medicine Nature of Things. http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1663719623619744115#
D. THE UYGHUR PEOPLE • An ethnographic profile of the UYGHURS • Origin of Uyghurs in Eurasia • Conversion of Uyghurs to Islam • “Momentary” East Turkestan Republic • Political Conflict with Chinese government
TRIP HIGHLIGHTS • Lunch with Uyghur Musicians and Dancers • Exploration of Grand Bazaar in Kashgar • Visit to Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar • Visit to Aba Khoja Mausoleum in Kashgar • Uyghur restaurants in Kashgar
BEIJING EXPLORATIONS • Uyghur Restaurant at East Gate (Ma family, small restaurant)
BIBLIOGRAPHY China Culture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. http://www.chinaculture.org/library/2008-01/08/content_127602.htm “Differing Visions of the Silk Road” in China, Xinjiang and Central Asia, James A.
Millward, New York: Routledge Contemporary China Series, 2009. Islamization & Native Religion in Golden Horde, D. DeWeese, Penn State, 1994. Muslim Chinese, Ethnic Nationalism in the Peoples’ Republic, Dru Gladney, Harvard University Press, 1991. Muslims in China, Sheila Hollihan-Eliot, Mason Crest Publishers, 2006 Muslims in China Study in Cultural Confrontation, Raphael Israeli, Curzon Press, 1980. The Uyghurs: Strangers in Their Own Land, Gardner Bovington, New York: Columbia University Press. 2010. [Ebook Library. Web. 09 October 2013.] “2,100 officials sent to appease Uyghur, Han People.” China Daily Website-Connecting China Connecting the World. O6 September 2009. Web. 11 October 2009. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-09/06/content_8660271.htm. “Urumqi Syringe Attacks ‘violent, terrorist’ crime: official – china.org.cn.” China news, weather, business, travel, language courses, archives and more. Xinhua News Agency, 09 September 09. Web. 11 October 2009. http://www.china.org.cn/china/xinjiang_unrest/2009 09/09/content_18489455.htm “ Uyghur People”. Wikipedia. Web. 20 August 2009.