ATI N FO R PHA RMAC I STS

.

GEO R E H O WE P H . D . G , SS F L T IN U N IV E SIT Y OF N T H L IN P ROF E OR O A , R OR CARO A

A N D

J O H N GR O E B EA D P R G . V R , H . A I T N T P F E OF P H M CY U N IV E IT H L IN SS S A RO SSOR AR A , RS Y O F N ORT CARO A

P H I L A D E L P H I A

’ P . B LA K I T S O N S S O N C O . 1 0 1 2 WA L N U T S T R E E T

PRE FAC E

While it is extremely desirable that every prospective phar macist should have a co urse in Latin at least as extended as the ordinar i sc ool course still th e fact remains t at ver man y h gh h , h y y rm c w t no trainin in atin students enter schools of. pha a y i h g L nd after entrance unfortunatel but little time can wha tever . A y r i m di m f tin b de o t d to lan ua e stud . A ce ta n o cu o La e v e g g y ,

we er is absolutel essential to th e understandin of ar ho v , y g ph maceutical terminology and to th e prop er handling o f prescrip

k i d si n d to furni s t at necessar m di i s i s boo s e e o cum . t on . Th g h h y r s T h e rst consist f T he bo ok is divided into two pa t . fi s o nine teen lessons presenting in progressive arrangement th e necessary instruction in forms and s ntax and excludi n ever t in w ic y , g y h g h h , owever desir able and el ful is not of immedi ate ractical use h h p , p h o eac lesson h as been added f to t e pharmacist . T h or purpo ses of ractice a vo cabular and a double set of exercis s A i l p y e . spec a series of lessons deals wit th e writin and readin o f r escri ti h g g p p ons . T h e second p ar t is intended primarily for purp o ses of reference to be used bo th by th e student in the scho ol of pharmacy and by dr i h I t o th e ugg st at t e p rescrip tion co unter . c ntains word classi fica tions a com lete list o f abbre ations in co mmon use an , p vi , anal sis of th e armaceutical terminolo and a com re ensiv y ph gy , p h e

Latin- En lis and En lis - Latin dictionar g h g h y .

T H E AUTHORS . NI VER I T Y OF OR TH A NA U S N C R OL I .

TABLE O F C ON T E NTS

P AR T ON E PAGE

E N —Al h ab t P o nun ation A cent O I e r ci c . L SS . p , , —I nfle tio n 9 L E SSON 2 . c E O N —I O -I nfiectio n of N o uns L SS S 3 . w w - — W 2 I nfl tio of A d ctives ' LESSO NS 1 1 1 . ec n j e W W E O N r —Numerals L SS 3 . E N I —I nflectio n Of V erbs L SSO 4 . E O N 1 —Pre o sitions C on unctions L . SS 5 p , j — ar tici 1 s LESSO N r 6 . P p e - — r tio n tin LESSO NS 1 7 1 9 . P es crip Wri g

P AR T T WO

A bbreviatio ns

Studios in Nomenclatur e

Latin- E nglish V o cabulary E nglish - Latin V o cabular y

I NDEX

LAT I N FOR PH A RMAC I STS

PAR T ON E

LESSON 1

' TH E ALP H ABET

he letter T h e Latin alphabet is th e same as English . T W was no t in th e ancient alphabet but been added fo r modern

r scientific wo ds . Letters are cla ssified as follows

V o wels : a , e , i, O , u, y . i n D phtho gs : ae , an, en, oe .

’ Consonants = . l i l f r li b , p, v ab a ( o med with the p s) Mutes c k = uttural formed wit the t roat r . g , , , q, j g ( h h )

d , t dental (formed with the teeth) i Liqu ds : 1, r . l N asa s : m, n .

ir n Sp a ts : f , s , h .

PRONUNCIATION

There are two systems of pronunciatio n Of Latin in use in thi s cou r h ne is an a ttem t to re ro duce n arl nt y . T e o p p as e y as pos sible th e ancient p ronunciation employed by the R o mans them selv s is met o d is enerall followed b st dents o f l n u e . Th h g y y u a g age and li r r r te atu e eve ywhere . T he o ther system applies th e principles of English pro nuncia tion m f ll d to Latin . This etho d is o owe by scientists generally — in medicine armac bo tan law and is th e met od ado ted , ph y , y , h p , t eref r fo ll o e r the fo ow n a es . h , i g p g LATIN F OR PH ARMACISTS

I n English the sounds of the same letters and of the same com binations of letters Often ex ib t rea t ariet as for exam le h i g v y ( , p , in the words low no w o r cou bou o n the o t er hand the , , gh , gh) ; h , n lis ronunciation f L in f ll n i n ere E g h p o at o ows a co s stent pla . Th are also difference n s i th e ma tter of accent and syllabifica tion . I t is t erefore n h ecessary to Observe the following principles .

CONSONANTS

I n eneral th e n n g , co sonants have th e same sound in Latin as i n lis E g h . B ut no te :

C has the sound of 8 before a clo se vowel o r d t on t at is iph h g , h , before e and ae oe eu as acetum c s coloc nthis , i, y, , , ; , , pi i , y , caecum l r r ds , coe um . C is fu the softened to sh when it stan

before followed b ano t er owel as s ecies laciale . I n all i y h v ; , p , g o t er cases it has th e so und of k as cam h ra com ositus h ; , p o , p ,

crudus .

Ch alwa s has the o und of k as charta . y s ; , G has the so und of efore a close owel or di t on t at is j b v ph h g , h , before e and e oe as ve etabilis di talis h drar mm . , i, y, a , ; , g , gi , y gy I n all ot r i r s nd in ame as ar he cases t has the ha d ou Of g g ; , g ari g sma, gummifer . VOWELS

I n eneral the owels a e th e same sounds as in En l s and g , v h v g i h, th e same distinction is made between a long vowel and a shor t een the vowel (as between th e a in hat and the a in hate , or betw i in i n b t a d the i in bite) . F inal e u a e the lon sound as lac ale O u carb , i, o , , h v g ; , g i , p , o,

ll l h th e lon sound as A vowel which ends an accented sy ab e as g ; , ’ the s con - - e d a in pa pa ver . I n an accented syllable in which th e vowel is followed by two ' co so nant s s nd consonant is l or r the owel has n s , unle s the eco , v

th e s o r is is no t an exce t on to the r nci les ust h t sound . Th p i p i p j TH E ALPHAB ET 3

t d since in t is case the vowel is not re arded as endin the sta e , h g g ’ ll l in th e accented s llable of a - en - dix the e s ab e . us y Th , y p p , A v el w ic ends an unaccented s ll ble has th e short sound . ow h h y a ' - - h the s or o und a s th e r st a in a a ver . as h t s ; , fi p p

OT — ccent does no t determine the len th of a vowel but rath er is N E A g , , , r n i Th in a aver the accent is laced on th e second ete mi ed b t . us d y , p p p l w l f h ll ble i l n n vi e versa F or deter syllab e because the vo e o t at sy a s o g , ot c . nin l n ll l e bel w mi g the e gth of a sy ab e, se o .

0

DIPHTHONGS

Ae and oe are ronounced like e as aeth l c elum . T he p ; , y , o combination oe is sometimes to be pro nounced as two letters ; as

- - a lo e .

Au is ronounced like an in cau ht as aurum . p g ; ,

E u is ronounced like lon u s eucal tus . p g ; a , yp — I n o t er co mbin ti n — i i th e ls r r h a o s ai, e , O vowe a e p onounced s r l epa ate y .

before ano t er l ronou d lik U h vowe is p nce e English w ; as aqua .

SYLLABLES

A Latin word ha s as many syllables as it has vowels o r diph

- - - - - t on s . us mi n t le e ua lis . h g Th , e a , a q

A sin le cons n in d to the foll n - o ant is o e owi owel. A s sa g j g v , po, a - - p pa ver .

I f two o r more consonants o ccur between two owels a s man v , y consonants are j oined to the following vowel as can be pronounced at th be i - - e nn n of a s llable . A S sac ch . g i g y , a rum

ACCENT

I n words of two syllables th e accent falls on the fir st syllable ; ’ ’ ’ as fruc - tus chl - ra1 sa - n word r , , o , pO . I s of mo e than two syl l ables the accent falls on the penult (syllable next to the last) if 4 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

it is lon o t erwise o n th e ante enult seco nd s ll g , h p ( y able from the ’ ’ us - - ver but - - - l st . a a a v a ) Th , p p ; p pa e ris . H ence in wo rds of mo re than two syllables it is necessary to know th e quantity o f th e syllable next to the last before the ac

r rl l cent can be p op e y p aced .

QUANTITY

A s llable is lo n if it contains a lon vo el o r di y g g w phthong .

A di t o n is easil reco nizable but a lo n el i no ow . ph h g y g , g v s t I n m o st cases th e length of a vowel is to be learned only by co n l in i i n r is no t in in h su t a d ct o a . us t ere t e word g y Th , h h g papaver

itself to o w t at th e seco nd a is lo n and r eceives th e acc nt Sh h g e .

S uc wo rds ave to be learned indi iduall ust as in En lis h h v y , j g h l we earn uantities and accent . ere are one or two rinci les q Th p p , l o wever w ic will be fo und e ful. h , h h h p

I o w l is o rt if it stands befor ano t er l . A v e sh e h vowe or h .

h i in e —ci- es is o rt and do s no t recei e th us t e s e v e accent . Th , p Sh , l i l n b si i n if i t nds befor u l 2 . A owe s o o t o t s a e a do b e v g , y p ,

co nsonant x z o r an two co nso nants unless the second conso ( , ) , y

- i I - - i nant is 1 or r a li u d . us the e n a en dix is sa d to be ( q ) Th , p p

r f r r i h I t no lo ng by po sition and the e o e ece ves t e accent . is t sounded lo n owever because o f th e rinci le s tated above for g , h , p p l th e pro nuncia tion of accented syl ables . — N I n th e vocabularies co ntained in this book a vo wel in a enulti~ OT E . p mate syllable wh o se leng th canno t be determined by these principles will be

marked with a strai h t lin e o ver it if it is lon . I f the enultima te vowel g , g p

v r i i i o n i ered short . has no mark o e t, t s t be co s d LE SSON 2

I nfl ection is a change in form which a wo rd undergoes to indi

cate its relation to o ther wo rds in a phrase o r in a sentence .

H erein li th e mo trikin difference between En lis an es s t s g g h , 1 uninflected lan ua e and Latin a i l inflected lan ua e g g , , h gh y g g .

A n uninflected lan ua em lo a dditional wo rds re o sitions g ge p ys (p p , auxiliary verbs) to show th e grammatical r elations existing between words an inflected lan ua e to a cco m lis th e same ; g g , p h i n lf s in n lis th e t alters the form Of th e word itse . u E h g, Th , g h , grammatical relatio n between th e wo rds tincture and opium in the pharmaceutical title tincture Of Opium is indi cated by the additional word of in Latin th e same relation between th e words ; , tinc and O i in rma e i al titl tinctura o ii is ture. p um th e pha c ut c e p i ii ndi ca ted by th e change fro m the form Opium to th e form Op .

S ometimes Latin like En lis em lo s re o sitions for the same , g h , p y p p ur ose but even w en it does so inflection takes lace ust th e p p , h , p j sa me t us uttae ro oculo w ere in s ite of th e resence of th e ; h , g p ( h p p preposition pro the fo rm oculus has been altered to the form oculo) . I nfl ection usually takes place in the termination or ending of

a word . A ta so to s eak is a ttac ed to the end of the word to g , p , h indicate th e nature of i s r l ion to ano t r En lis t e at er wo d . I n h g h ,

t is ta re o sition r l h g (p p ) precedes the wo d and is written separate y . We might very appropriately call th e Latin tag a postpositi on; but at th e same time we must remember t a t th e o st o sition h p p ,

1 E n lish is n t en r l ni h h g o ti e y u nflected . T us man beco mes men to S ow the

chan e fro m in ular o l r B h inflec i n i limi e in o m n g s g t p u al. ut t e t o s so t d c pariso with that of atin th a it i lle n L t s commonly ca d an uninflected la guage . 5 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS unlike th e re osition is not wr tten a s a se ar or . p p , i p ate w d T h e ’ inflected lan ua e s met od of sa in Of O ium is i f g g h y g p Op umo . I nfl ectio n sometimes takes place in th e body Of a word rather i t an in its termi na t on . is is es eciall common in h Th p y verbs .

. us datur it i s iven alters its meanin to let it be iven b Th , , g , g g y becomin detur w ere th e endin is unc an ed but the owel g , h g h g v 3. beco mes e . Pharma ceutical Latin is concerned with this form of nflection onl er sli tl since it em lo s but one o r two i y v y gh y , p y

'

1 Of th e verb .

nT h e infl ection of nouns and ad ectives is called declensi on and j , f n n n we speak o declining a ou or a adj ective . T h e inflection of erbs is called con u ati on and we s eak of v j g , p r conj ugating a ve b . A dj ectives undergo ano ther fo rm Of inflection known as comparison . F ro m the above discussion it will be seen that a knowledge of the terminations involved in inflection is absolutely essential to l i m an understanding o f the use o f Latin words . On y by th s eans r r o d n he ot er can their relation to each o the be unde st o . O t h

and a master of th e arious terminations used in inflect on h , y v i and an understanding of th e meanings of these terminations will at once remove all diffi culties in th e a cquisition of pharmaceutical

Latin . LESSON 3

INFLECTION OF NOUNS

Three things are involved in the proper understanding Of a der umber r n to o t r words viz . en n and ase noun in its elatio he , , g , , c .

T h e ender Of a noun is no t a matter of inflection alt ou g , h gh rt in oint de endent u on ender inflection is to a ce a p p p g . i emini e eute ere are t ree enders mascul ne n n r . Th h g , , f , i r Gender is either natural or grammat cal. N atu al gender is determined b sex as in En lis and onl nouns deno tin ersons y , g h , y g p r r ra m atical ender 15 determin have natu al gende . G m g ed r h n m in of the wo d . T e a es Of mo 1 . B y the mean g st trees are M“ i n —v L” - M m b u m u‘ M ‘ M -twr “ W M “

feminine .

— i i b st ex l in f t he ter mination . Th s s e p a ed under the several l declensions be ow.

of determinin rammatical ender confli ct g g g , the meaning Of th e e ulus o lar t ou it has a masculine termi nation pop , p p , h gh , is never

th eless feminine in ender because it is th e nam o f g , e a tree .

ere are a few exce tions to thi s rinci le as acer ma le is Th p p p ; , , p ,

neuter because of its termination .

N umber and ca se are matters Of inflection and t at f , h variety O inflection w ic r eals number and case is de h h ev clension .

ere are two numb rs si ular and l ra Th e ; ng p u l. ere are Six s s nl four o f th e ix Th ca e . O y s are used in pharma ceutical ati i e enitive L n viz . nominat v accusati e ; , , g , v , ablative. T he no minati e is th e case I t i v e nam . s th e case used when a

noun is s oken Of b itself or as th e sub ect of a fi p y , j nite verb . N ouns listed in a di ctionary o r in th e Pharmacopoeia are always given in the nom inative case . 8 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

T he genitive is the case used to show the relation usually ex ressed I n En lis b th e re osition ik p g h y p p of . L e th e prepositio n o it denotesx ariousr elations s for exam le material th e w ole f , m , p , , h f i k O w c a art is ta en etc . I n ar l L h h p , ph maceutica atin its fre

uenc Of use is next to t at of the nominati se q y h ve ca . T h e accusative is th e ca se used a s th e Obj ect of a verb or to show th e relations usu ll ex bh a y mes wd inj ngl b y ion into . I n arm u ical L in its use is limit ph ace t at ed to a few phrases . om im m i d b a re o i i s et es acco pan e y p p s t on . T he ablative is th e case used to Show th e rela tio ns usually exp ressed in Engli sh by th e prepo sitions in (a s distinguished from

' into rom with. I n armaceutical Latin it is limited to a ) , by, f , ph f n o m ani b r r I t s O te acc ed a o si ion . few ph ases . i p y p ep t m There are five sets of ter inations to Show case and number .

A ccordi n l t ere a re five declensions known as the rst g y , h , fi ,

second etc . , Ever noun is classi ed accordin to th e set of terminations it y fi , g follows as belon in to the rst declension or the second or the , g g fi , , t ird t h , e c .

r lin i en word we are concerned wit two I n o der to dec e a g v , h

r of th or d : th e art w ic under o es c an e and th e pa ts e w p h h g h g , r un r oin c an e is par t which remai ns unchanged . T he pa t de g g h g

a h r i ati on or endin as h as been ex lained above . known s t e te m n g, p

- r r u nc an ed is known a s th e stem. us in T h e pa t emaining h g Th , m and - a is th e endin w c under th e word aqua , aqu is th e ste g hi h goes inflection .

I O LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Observe the presence o f a in all terminations except in the

bla i - a t e lural. T he rst declension is call v p fi ed the a declension . Observe the likeness between the nominative and th e ablative

S n ular and between the eniti e i g , g v singular and the nominative

plural. V OCAB UL A RY1

- f tincture , ae , . tincture

- f - a ua ae . water arn ca ae f . ar q , , , i , , , ni ca

- - amm n a ae f . a mmoni a l ca su a ae f . ca sule o i , , , p , , , p

- m rr a ae f . m rrh y h , , , y

r s - f in e . esi e a a r n b . . r su , , , I (p es . j d in it s . ass let be 3 g p ) , ( ) i e g v n .

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

T he subj ect o f a finite (as distinguished fro m an infinitive) verb i s in the nominative ca se .

let ammonia detur , ammoni a be given .

h nom nativ fro m n n a t nam T e i e ( ome , n me) is h e e case. When a

word is merel named b tself t erefo re it is in ar abl i en y y i , h , v i y g v

in the no mi native . I t is th e case in whi ch a word is fo und in all

vo cabularies and dictionaries . W“lb on 6? s s Wmi EXERCISES

arnica (4) pilulagt (5) tinctura

' rum ; (6) cera ae (plur d ”( 0, 1 I n the vocabularies ant in the penultima te syllable is indicated by a line over it as an aid to the pro per l in l n h r vowels will n t be indicated n r a of h n . T he e th f o t e o o p c g t e acce t g O , will any mark of accent be given in cas es wh ere th e length of th e penultimate i n e syllable may be known from the general princ ples stated o pag 4 . F IRST DECLENSION

II r l te in o Lat n . T ans a t i (Tr Of arni ca ; pills (m m ) ; (3) dr ops (acc (4) by wax ; (5) of wat with cum) myrrh ; (7) with drops ; (8) m

M

’ a (FY -n o O L

5 ? 0 \ r n L a e, a q u a m LESSON 5

S ECOND DECLENS ION

- - N o uns Of the seco nd declension end in us or um. N ouns of th e second declensi on ending in - us are masculine ; t o se end n in - um are n u er h i g e t .

l s reed st ca amu , ; em, calam SINGULAR l m N om. ca a us a reed

lam Gen. ca i of a reed l m a reed A cc . ca a um

l m wit b r in a reed A bl. ca a h om o , y, f , PLURAL mi N om. cala

Gen .

l eeds A cc. ca amos r

l mis ~ t rom i reeds l. ca a wi h b n A b , y, f ,

tr tem xtract extractum, ex act; s , e SINGULAR ra tum N om. ext c

x r i Gen . e t act

A cc. extractum

l extract with b rom in extract A b . o , y, f , PLURAL

N om. extracta extracts extractorum of extracts

A cc. extracta extracts

i with b rom in extracts A bl. extract s , y, f , SECOND DECLENSION 1 3

T he terminations of the second declension are seen to be SINGULAR PLURAL

- - - i -a N om. us , um ,

- i Gen .

- m A cc . u

- A bl. 0

l ti sin ular and in th e en ti e and Observe th e O in th e ab a ve g , g i v — accusative plural cases where in the first declension was fo und

- l nsi n . a . T hesecond declension is called th e O dec e o

Observe the likeness between th e genitive singular and th e bser e t at th e neuter diff ers nominative plural masculine . O v h

W ” ~ A . ' ’ ObSEfif éI Hat thOIiorriiiuftive and accusative plural o f th e neuter

- end in a . I t is tr v declension

and ac sa i l r l l s end in - a cu t ve p u a a way . Observe that th e accusative singular ends in - m as did th e same as li n f mi i c e in th e first declension . Mascu ne a d e n ne nouns of all in l i - declensio ns have their accusative S gu ar end ng in m .

- Observe that th e accusative plural ends in s , as did the same ca s in h r l io as ulin and f minine nouns of ll e t e fi st dec ens n . M c e e a declensio s i sa t l r 1 ndin in - s n have the r accu ive_p n__a e g . Observe that the genitive plural in bo th th e first and second declensions ends in - rum and that th e diff erence between the , — two lies in th e vowel which precedes th e - rum the vowel from

i ' wh ch the declension is named . Observe that the ablative plural is identical in the first and s l n io econd dec e s ns . VOCABULARY

- i - s ru us i m . s ru O um i f . o ium y p , , , y p p , , , p

' h - - i n . aconit s h rus i m . hos horus ac nitum e p o p o , , , p p o , , , rub - f ini -i i i us i . blackberr l mentum n . l n ment h , y , , , I 4 LATIN F OR PHARMACIST S

- - l . humu us i f ho s v num i . n . wine , , , p i , , ,

- - i . h sc amus i m . h osc amus em lastrum n laster yo y , , , y y p , , , p

- i . o m . d cibus m od meal rec e erb res . i , , , f , ip , v , 3 (p , p , 2 ,

- f . s s c lla ae uill sin . ta ke i , , , q g ,

- i ti r f . r im . 2 d an ina ae anti ne adde erb res . py , , , py , v , 3 , (p , p , ,

' - f . cafieina ae ca eine sin . , , , fi g ,

- c i n . t d a dum acid e con. an i , , , , j ,

- io . a . be ore emulsum i n . emuls n ante re wit cc , , , , p p , h , f

- acétum i n . vine ar st re . w t acc . a ter , , , g po , p p , i h , f

PRINCIPLES OP SYNTAX

i O of v rb is T he d rect bj ect a e in the accusative case .

adde aquam, add water

T he amo unts of the in redients in a rescri t on alt ou g p p i , h gh co mmonl re resented b s mbols are re ularl in the accusati e y p y y , g y v case since t e are the direct Ob ect of th e verb , h y j T he accusati e case is used w t the re o sitions ante in v i h p p ad, , ,

ntra . post, per , co n e e a te cibum, b f or meals i po st c bum, after meals

EXERCISES

I nslate into E n lis . Tra g h ( I) R ubi ; (2 ) Opium ; (3) syr upos ; (4) emulso rum ; (5) phos phoro ; (6) vinis ; (7) emplas tra ; (8) adde acetum ; (9) recipe ' m t vinum r Le lw n w s a ua e ( I O I etu . t q ; ) mm i d Translate into Latin : ( 1 ) Of syrup ; (2 ) plasters ; (3) emulsions (4) of lini ments ; (5) add water ; (6) take squill and vinegar ; (7) before 8 l m rr b i meals ; ( ) et y h e g ven . LESSON 6

TH IR D DECLENSION

n h r t nd second declens ons as h as been seen the endin s I t e fi s a i , , g ' for th e several cases includin the nominative are a ttac ed , g , h f us in th e word cam r directl to the stem O th e wo rd . y Th , pho é) s o no t t at th e nal - a of th e nomina camph orae, it is neces ary t e h fi h same is true of th e second tive only undergoes inflection . T e l i n bo ca s s th e s tems to w ic th e endi n s are to dec ens on . I th e h h g be a ttached is as clearly seen in th e no minative as in any o ther

case . l i This is no t true of the third dec ens on .

l r i i in fo r masc lin d tive form . The reg u a nom nat ve end g u e an i feminine nouns is - s but I n some cases the s I s wanting,and I n o thers it combines with the final letter of the s tem in such fashion

a i f r n or r to s to d sgui se the stem o th e wo d altogether . I de decline a noun o f t is declension t erefo re it is necessar to kno w h , h , y no t onl its no mi native but also th e rinci les w ic ave O er y , p p h h h p a l i ar n i f ted to a ter th e stem a s t appe s i the no m native . I these

rinci les are understo od the s tem can t en be discovered I n eac p p , h h instance and th e terminatio ns for th e o ther cases a ttached di rectly i i r to t . us n th w or m m th e t m t i Th , e o d b ax ( ) s e o wh ch th e end ings fo r th e o ther ca ses are added is borac which at first sight is no t i d scoverable i n the nominative . B ut when it is understoo d that th e no minative borax is simply th e result of a ttaching th e no minative ca se- ending - s to the stem rac orac s

T he following are the principles governing the formation Of the n min i o at ve . I 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Stems of the thi rd declensio n are of two so rts : tho se endi n g in,

CONSONANT STEMS

Co nsonant stems ma end in an o ne of h n n y y t e co so ants b , p , t l r r he c an es t at tak l n g , c, d, , , , n, o s . T h g h e p ace i forming the nominative will be understo o d mo re readily if these co nso nants are rou ed accordin to th e classi cation on a g p g fi p ge I .

LABIAL M UTES

n in o r th no mina ti i form b I f the stem e ds b p, e ve s ed y a dding 8 directly to th e stem th e vowel in th e last syllable o f th e u ll n d n h no mi b stem is it is us a c a e to e i t e native . us i, y h g Th , y cutting o ff th e genitive termination from the word adipis we find th e stem adip T he no minativ then formed by adding — l llable o f th t m to r ul i s and altering th e i in the ast sy e s e e , es t ng in the fo rm adeps .

N ouns of this class are feminine .

ade s lard stem adi p , ; , p

SINGULAR

lar d of lard lard

with b r om in lard , y, f ,

PLURAL

a di es lards N om. p a di um o lards Gen . p f adi es A cc . p A adi ibus with b rom in lards bl. p , y, f ,

1 8 LATIN P OR PHARMACISTS

PLURAL

N om. nucas nuts

Gen . nucum of nuts

A cc. nuces nuts

A bl. nucibus with b rom in nuts , y, f , .

VOCABULARY

1 x is - b ra borac f . borax lci i ca um . cal i o , , , , n , c um

- i i - amm n um n . ammo ium l te i i n a x latic s m . m lk uic o , , , , , , j e

ti is m - c rtex cor c . bark z ncum i n . zinc o , , , i , , ,

- - er ta ae f . er ot le tandr f dr a ae . le tan a go , , , g p , , , p

l i - sm lax smi ac s f . smilax kramer a ae f . rhatan i , , , i , , , y

- eu n mus i f . euon mus i calx calc s f . lime o y , , , y , , ,

- rad x radic s f . root ma n i i i es um n . ma nes um i , i , , g , , , g - d taraxacum i n . and lio e n s r d s . m ce e b 2 im . 2 n , , , i , v , ( p , , i g , i f nux nuc s . ut , , , n mix f filix filicis . ern v m i . d de erb res . 2 d , , , f i i , v , 3 (p , p , ,

a endix a end c s f . a sin divide pp , pp i i , , p g , e ix m r l r nd uattuOr ndecl. nu e a ou p q , i , f

f . ar l ix c s t i u indecl. numera ve p , pi i , , qu nq e , , fi f - ir er i . i t rum n on in re . wi ac . n o , , , , p p th c ,

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

n li A oun miting ano ther noun is put in the genitive case . genitive expresses tho se relations between two nouns which are ex r l i i p essed in Eng ish by the prepos t on of . T h e genitive is used to deno te th e material Of which a substance cons ists .

3 T he genitive Of nouns Of the third declension is given in full in this and suc coedin l l a r nd of the book onl g vocabu aries. I n the genera voc bula y a t th e e y the ending with such part of the stem as may undergo Change or may alter acc i ent s given . THIRD DECLENSION 1 9

tinctura Opu, tincture of opium

This use of the genitive is very common in pharmaceutical i l I t is the en ral rule t at th e nomina tive recedes th e t t es . g e h p i f m t ri l B ut in titles Of c emical salts th e eniti e gen tive O a e a . h g v

r r l i i i r nce o f mate ial egu arly precedes th e no minat ve . Th s d ffe e in word order is no t due to a principle of language ; it is merely a matter of classification for the purp ose of bringing together l ‘ a phabetically in the Pharmacopoeia th e various Salts o f metals .

EXERCISES

r n l in n I . T a s ate to E glish (I ) Corticis ; (2 ) calcem ; (3) appendi ces ; (4) radicum ; (5) nucibus ; (6) syr upo picis ; (7) extractum euonymi ; (8) divide in capsulas quattuor ; (9) adde ph osphorum et calcem ; (I O) misce et divide in ilul i p as qu nque . Translate into Latin (I ) Of nuts ; (2 ) iron (3) Of borax ; (4) bark (5) milk- j uice of opium ; (6) tincture Of rhatany ; (7) add syrup of blackberry ; (8) divide into pills ; (9) mix and divide into four ca sules 1 0 t ke ex r t f r n p ; ( ) a t ac o e got and wi e . LE SSON 7

TH IR D DECLENSION (continued)

DENTAL M UTES

i i f rm d b ddin I f th e stem ends in d or t, th e no minat ve s o e y a g

' - h t m n r in r I f the owel in th e last S to t e s e a d d opp g d o t. v ll l f im n ed to e in the sy ab e O th e stem is i, it is somet es cha g mi no native .

N ouns in - as or - is deno ting acid radicals are masculine ; mo st o i thers are femin ne .

te acetat acetas , acetate; s m,

SINGULAR

tate N om. acetas ace

t ti s o acetate Gen . ace a f tate A cc . acetatem ace

A aceta te with b rom in acetate bl. , y, f ,

PLURAL

c tates N om. a cetates a e

a c tatum o acetates Gen . e f tates A cc . acetate s ace

tati us with b rom in acetates A bl. ace b , y, f ,

iri iris stem r d s , ; , i i SINGULAR

iris

t rom b in iris wi h, f , y, THIRD DECLE NSION 2 1

PLURAL

iris s N om. irides e

irid o irises Gen . um f

A cc. irides irises

i t ro i irises A bl. ridibus wi h m n , by, f ,

There is no certain means of telling fro m the no mi na tive

m i or t Ob r n o ver w et er th e st ends in d o r t. I t s w se i we h h e h v g , h , t a o i l t ir tem in il h t n uns deno ting a cid rad ca s have he s t, wh e b l r rn n o tanical and zoologica names have thei s te i d .

LIQUIDS

I f the stem ends in l or r the nominative is the same as the s tem

without termination . N ouns ending in - Or are masculine ; those endi ng in - l are neu ter l lin exce t sa salt mascu e . , p , ,

l u r uid stem l u r iq o , fl ; , iq o

SINGULAR h uor luid N om. q f li uoris Gen . q cc li uo rem flu id A . q li u r wit r m i uid A bl. o e h b o n q , y, f , fl PLURAL

N om l uores . iq li or Gen . qu um c li uores A c . q

A bl. li uoribus with b rom in uids q , y, f , fl

s t m al ol alcohol; e , coh SINGULAR

l ol alcohol N om. a coh

alcoh olis o alcohol Gen . f l h l alcohol A ce. a co o em

l alcohole with b rom in alcohol A b . , y, f , LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

PLURAL

o l h oles o N m. a co alc hols

alcoh ol l Gen . um of a cohols

l holes o A ce. a co alcoh ls

l li s A bl. a coho bu with b rom i alcohols , y, f , n

NASAL S

I f the tem end in n i r rm h o m s s , e the th e n is dropped to fo t e n i ative o r h min i i I f th e owel n , t e no a t ve s th e same as th e stem . v in th e last s ll bl f t t m ll n d to e in th e y a e o h e s e is i, it is usua y cha ge mi no native .

n - N ou s who se nominative ends in iO are feminine .

l t loti o stem lot n o io , n; , io SINGULAR

N om. lo tio lotion

lo tionis o loti on Gen . f e lotione lotio A c . m n

A bl lo tion with b rom in lotion . e , y, f ,

PLURAL

l i ne loti o s N om. o t o s n

lo tio num o lotions Gen . f l i lotio s A ce. o t ones n

l i wit rom i n lotions A l. o t onib s h b b u , y, f ,

m n albumen, albumen; s te , albumi SINGULAR

lb m albumen N om. a u en

e albumini o albumen G n . s f e l mi albumen A e . a bu nem

l th b rom in albumen bl. wi A a bumine , y, f , THIRD DECLENSION 2 3

PLURAL lbumines albumens N om. a of albumens

lbumin s albumens A ce. a e

lbumini us with b rom in albumens l. a b A b , y, f ,

Somewhat irregular are the nasal stems hirudin mucilagin plumbagin plantagin solidagin tussilagin ustilagin I n these the no mina tive is formed by altering the - in Of th e stem to

- iniS. o . us h rudo d Th , i , hiru

VOCABULARY

i ir lix r elixiris n . el x sul has sul hatis m . sul hate e p , p , , p i , , ,

h m lor coloris m . color os has hos hatis . hos c p p , p p , , p o , , ,

”

hate a a er a averis n . o p p p v , p p , , p ppy i i m itrate er eris n . e er n tras nitratis . n i , , , p p , p p , , p pp l h l ur su uris . s r carb nas carbonatis m . car su n ul hu o , , , ph , p , , p hl i l ra t loral c o s n . bona e ch , ral , , ch o l l hi m ent l n li l ite m me th s n . t sul his su tis . su h O men hol p , p , , p ho , , , i m . itr m n tt s nitritis ite sal sal s . salt i , , , n , i , , l i i i h lo ias albumen al s . he s eloniad s f . n onia , h , , e n , bum n , , albumen

f tr s le i semen seminis . s d aletr s aletri dis . a n i , , , , , , ee

i i r tharis th s f . an a ve b I m can can ar d c ar res . i . 2 d , , , p , , , (p , p , ,

tharides sin . r e are g , p p al ini lum in re . l umen s n . a i a i alum wit ab . o n s d s , , , , p p h , n, ( ti i h r r amma rammatis n . n u s d f m i g , g , , g e o nto)

lesson I O r am ) , g

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

T he genitive ca se is used to deno te the whole of which a part is

taken .

ra Opu gramma , a g m of opium

is use Of the enitive is most fre uent in rescri tion writin Th g q p p g . I n a rescri tio n ever in redient is iven in the enitive w ere p p , y g g g , h 2 4 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS th e eniti e indicates the w ole of whi c a s eci ed amount g v h h p fi , r e resented b numer cal s mbols is to be taken p y i y , .

EXERCISES

r n l in o n li s I . T a s ate t E g h (I ) Sulphitem ; (2 ) papaveris ; (3) colorum ; (4) heloniade ; 5) pho sphates ; (6) zinci sulphatem ; (7) magnesii citra tis ; (8) recipe elixirem ferri ; (9) adde chloralis gramma ; ( I o ) recip e zinci ca rbonatis grammata duo (two) et a quae camph orae r mm t ua uor g a a a q tt . Translate into Latin ( 1 ) Of nitrate ; ( 2) pepper (3) colors (4) of pop pies ; 5) plaster of cantharides ; (6) syrup of helonias ; (7) add extract of leptandra ; (8) prepare an emulsion ; (9) five grams o f tar ; (To ) take two grams o f calcium pho sphate and four

r f mm m ul ate g ams o a oniu s ph .

2 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

The case endings co mbine with th e final i Of the stem to form one llable l l sy (except in the genitive p ural) . T h e o n y peculiarity of the declension to be no ted is that the genitive plural ends in - ium instead Of - he accusat lural ma - i um . T ive p y have s instead Of

- es but th e - e s usuall em lo e in rm , is y p y d pha aceutical words .

l - T he ab ative Singular may end in i .

fe r s ever stem febri b i , f ; , SINGULAR f br ever N om. e is f

fe r s Gen . b i

r ver A ce. feb em fe

f br - i with b rom in ever A bl. e e ) , y, f , f

PLURAL

r evers N om. feb es f

febrium o evers Gen . f f febres —is evers A ce. ) f f bri with b rom in evers A bl. e bus , y, f , f

M IXED STEMS

A few nouns whose nominative is formed in accordance with th e principles given for consonant stems have - ium in th e genitive

- - l r l ose in plural and either is or es in the accusative p u a . Th common use are :

s t s f . art par , par i , , p i ht t s f . n nox, noc i , , g

VOCABULARY

b . fiant verb rre . res . su s ener s n . enus genu , g i , , g , , i g (p j ,

d w t ass . mean r s n . bo corpus , corpo i , , y i h p

- mercur in let them be made i n . hydrargyr um, , , y g) , ( )

le filtra erb res . im . 2 d . ma mas , maris , m , , v , I (p p , ,

th in . act . lter r s n . mou 0 8 , o i , , S g , ) fi THIR D DECLENSION 2 7

- b . lverétur erb res . su sitoriuin i n . su ositor u suppo , , , pp y p , v , I (p , j , l t it be di italis d sin . e li italis f . digita s , dig , , g 3 , g , ( )

tis f . co tis ulveri zed coptis , cop , , p p

b . dose re etatur erb res . su i f . dosis , dos s , , p , v , 3 (p , j ,

; - let f it be ide d in . i . ox oxidum, , n , 3 , S g , ( )

d i re eated t s h drast s f . h rast s hydras i , y i , , y p

- b . d i tment solvatur verb res . su n i n . o n u guentum, , , , , 3 (p , j , 3 , t it be dis tard in . le i in is f . mus sinap s , s ap , , S g , ( )

- lladonna solved ae f . be b elladonna , , ,

- l m r r it ab . r o i ine e o ex e . w uinina ae f . u n q , , , q , p p h , f , di to fac verb irre . accor n , , 3 ( g , g l i r o it ab . or n ke ro re . w t . ma 2 d sin . a , g , c ) p , p p h , f , p l ith or ti o to i ab . w n cum re . w t , p p , h , p

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

T he ablative case h as a greater variety Of uses than any o ther m i l in r i case but its main use in ar aceut ca Lat is wit e os t ons . , ph h p p i

aqua cum creta , water with chalk

When a preposition governs a title consisting Of a noun limited b a eniti e of mater al the eniti e remains unc an ed the y g v ( i ) , g v h g , d limited noun alone being depen ent upon the preposition .

i e chal i creta cum syrupo acac a , k w th syr up of acacia

r o f he ablati e ma be learn O the uses t v y ed best as idioms . They will be given in th e vocabularies with such explanations as may m el ful to th e understandin Of t see h p g hem .

E XERCISES

r nslate into n li I . T a E g sh (I) Unguentum hydrargyri ; (2 ) fac unguentum quininae ; (3) hydrargyrum cum creta ; (4) cum magnesii oxido ; (5) fiant LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS quattuor doses ; (6) dosis repetatur ; (7) pilulae aloes cum ferro ; (8) mi sce unguentum hydr argyri Oxidi et calcii sul phatem ; (9) detur tinctura digitalis ; ( I o ) fac quinque itoria suppos . Translate into Latin (I) T en grams of lim e water ; (2) a loes with myrrh ; (3) take four pills ; (4) let Ointment of nitrate of mercury be made ; 5) filter tincture Of hydrastis ; (6) add sulphate of magnesium;

(7) let a dose of elixir o f blackberry be given ; (8) let the do se . be repeated ; (9) let a pill Of phospho rus be given through the m k l r mouth ; (1 0 ) a e a mustard p aste . LESSON 9

FOUR TH AN D FIFTH DECLENSIONS

FOURTH DECLENSION

un f - N o s of the ourth declension end in us .

N o uns of th e fourt declension in - us are masculine exce t h , p acus edle and r f minin ne manus i c a . , , , ha nd, wh h e e e

fructus ruit st m ct , f ; e , fru

SINGULAR

fructus

Gen . fructus

fr A ce. uctum

A bl. fructu with b rom , y, f ,

PLURA L

fruc s N om. tu

fr m Gen . uctuu

fr A ce. uctus

A bl. fructibus wit b rom in ruits h, y,f , f

0 T he terminations Of th e fourth declension are seen to be

PLURAL 30 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Observe that in th e Singular th e nominative and accusative end n s ar the same as in th e second declen i g e sion . Observe that th e no minative and genitive singular and th e no m nati e and accusati e lural ar all lik i v v p e a e . Observe that th e ablative plural is like th e ablative plural of the third declension . Observe that the accusative singular ends in - m as in masculine an f f ll r l d eminine no uns o a o the dec ensions . Observe that th e a ccusative plural ends in - s as in masculine an f i n o f all o t r d lensio n d em nine nou s he ec s . Observe tha t the genitive plural ends in - um as in all o ther de l c ensions .

Observe that u app ears I n all forms except the ablative plural

n - h e fourt a d tha t it precedes th e um of th e genitive plural. T h d l - l i ec ension is called the u dec ens on .

FIF TH DECLENSION

- N ouns Of th e fifth declension end in e s .

n re fem nine exce t di es da N o uns Of th e fif th declensio a i , p , y, i in which is either masculine or fem n e .

s s ecies stem s ec e specie , p ; , p i SINGULAR

c es s ecies N om. Spe i p s eciei o s ecies Gen . p f p e s eciem s ecies A c . p p s ecie with b rom in s ecies A bl. p , y, f , p

PLURAL

species of species species 1 th b rom in s ecies wi , y, f , p FOURTH A N D F IF TH DECLENSIONS 3 1

T he terminations of th e fifth declension are seen to be

PLURAL

- es

- erum

- e s

- ebus

Observe that the no minative singular and plural and the accusa

l r li tive p u al are all a ke . Observe that the accusative singular ends in - m as in mascu li r l n ions ne and femi nine nouns Of all o the dec e s . Observe that the accusative plural ends in - s as in masculine l i and femi nine nouns of all o ther dec ens ons . Observe th at th e genitive plural ends in - um as in all o ther declensions ; and that it ends in - rum as in th e first and second d l ec ensions . Observe that e appears in every fo rm and is th e vowel which r - l p ecedes the rum in the genitive plural. T he fif th dec ension is

ll h - ca ed t e e declension .

r r i There a e ve y few nouns of the fif th declens on .

VOCABULARY ha s - fi - f dri t s s . u tus us m . nk drau h cu u , , , , g , , , fig

tus - i - i dr es é f . itc us m . i po , , , nk s cab , , , h d e s - i m f . i nas m . bi é . or da b carbo bicarbonatis i , , , y , , , in di es , daily carbonate bis in ter d es twi ce t rice a en l henOlis n . henol , i , , h ph o , p , , p

da - f ida asafoetida ae . asa oet y , , , f

uer - - c s f . i t u us oak ctarius i m . n q , , , o , , , p S r tus - us m . s rit n m d sub . i e not used wit i . an pi i , , , p , ( h p j lacie s - i f é . i ce m g , , , oods) f i - ac es éi f . ace no , , , f n, not chlorid m - u i . ch r t bl. withou n lor ide s ne e . it a , , , i , p p w h , 3 2 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

s d m - i u n . sodium dentur erb r es . sub . d o i , , , , v , I (p , j , 3 ,

sex ndecl. numeral six l r u . ass . let them b i , I , p , p ) ( ) e g ven decem ind l num r l ec . e a te , , n

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

fl A verb a rees w t its sub ect in number and r on g i h j pe s . l pi ula detur , let a pill be given

l e n t i s i pi ula de tur , le p ll be g ven

A co mmand is expressed in Latin either by th e impera tive moo d or b the sub uncti y j ve moo d .

I m d in l i d o p . ivide pi ulas , d vi e int pills fi l Sub . ant l e t ills b ad j pi u a , le p e m e

These are th e o nly uses Of th e Latin verb common in pharma ceu i l i t ca Lat n . Observe that th e subj ect Of th e imperative (thou) is ne er ex ressed v p . EXERCISES

I . Transla te into English (I) Elixir ferri sine phosph atibus; (2 ) do sis ne repetatur ; (3) sex capsulae denta r ; (4) misce et fac h austum ; (5) detur spiritus ficus ter in dies po st cibum ; (6) dentur hydrargyri chloridum et so dii bicarbonas ; (7) recipe magnesii sulphatis grammata decem ; (8) divide corticem quercus in partes sex ;

' (9) recipe extracti hyoscyami sex par tes ; (I O) recipe resinae myr rhae sex par tes et extracti opii quattuor partes et divide in i decem suppo s toria . Translate into Latin (I) L et ten pills be made ; (2 ) make five suppositories ; (3) mix and make a draught ; (4) divide into ten par ts ; 5) take four grains of calcium pho sphate ; (6) let tincture Of bella do nna be given twice a day before meals ; (7) four species Of digitalis ; (8) let camphor water and syrup Of squill be given ; i (9) mix a pint of water and ten grams Of ammon a .

LESSON I O

IR R EGULAR DECLENSION

GREEK NOUNS

I n pharmaceutical Latin quite a number Of nouns derived from

the reek retain some o f t eir or inal r k endi n G h ig G ee gs . They belon to the fir st or the second or th e t ird declensio g , , h n .

GREEK NOUNS OF T H E FIRST DECLENSION

These retain their Greek endi ngs in th e singular only ; the plural is s l k th r r L n d l n o j u t i e e egula ati ec e si n .

al e aloe stem alo o , ; ,

SINGULAR

aloe of aloe aloe

with b rom in aloe , y, f ,

Other nouns of thi s type in common use are : mastiche, statice .

A ll nouns Of this type are feminine .

GR EEK NOUNS or TH E SECOND DECLENSION

These difler from the regular Latin declension only in the nomina tive and the accusative singular ; th e o ther forms in th e singular and all plural forms are j ust like the regular Latin

declension . IRREGUL AR DECLENSION 35

T he nominative Singular masculine ending -us is replaced by - 0 3 ; th e nominative singular neuter ending - um is replaced by - Ou ; th e accusative singular ending for bo th masculine and

- neuter is On .

r n s black- alder stem r n p i o , ; , p i SINGULAR

- er N om. prinos black ald

ri o black- alder Gen . p ni f

ri lac - alder A cc. p non b k

A l ri with b r om in black- alder b . n p o , y, f ,

N ouns Of this typ e ending in masculine ; tho se ending in

- On are neuter .

GREEK NOUNS OF TH E THI RD DECLENSION

These have their no minative in - a ; th e stem ends in t (dropped to form the nominative) to which th e case endings are added r l l e n mati e de l sion is rf c e u ar . us n ma e e s . T h c en e e tl g y Th , e , p y regular except for th e nomi native .

A ll nouns of thi s type are neuter . Tho se in common use are as idos erma aS idOS ermatis stem as idos rmat p p , p p ( , p pe quebr acho la t m ta la t cata sma cata lasmatis s e ca smat n . oul ice p , p ( , p , p

ar m ar i l s arisma ar arismatis ste ar smat n . ar e g g , g g ( , g g g g i

ramma rammatis stem rammat n . ram g , g ( , g , g sosti m i m a h sost natis ste h sosti mat n . h so phy g , p y g ( , p y g , p y stigma

l sma l - a asmatis stem lasmat n . non att ointment p , p ( , p , f y rhi z ma rhi z omatis stem rhizomat n . r izo e o , ( , , h m t e broma theobromatis stem theobroma n . cocoa h o , ( , t ,

IRREGULAR NOUNS OF TH E THIRD DECLENSION

There are several nouns Of the third declension which do not

confo rm to the rin i l i o st of t m r ir p c p es g ven abo ve . M he a e regu 36 LATIN FO R PHARMACISTS

lar onl in the wa in w ic t e form th e nominati y y h h h y ve . case endin s are th e same a s in th e re ular declensio n g g . T he follo wing are tho se in co mmon use :

car O carn s S m f te cam . esh meat , i ( , , fl , coc s c cé s st m e coc f . co oa ut o , o i ( , o c n er er n eri er nti m o s ste eri eront m . eabane. ig o , g ( , g , fl h e ar h e at m t i s ste e a n . l ver p , p i ( , h p ,

ecur ecOris s m li r te ecor n . ve j , j ( , j , lac lact s stem i 1act n . m lk , i ( , , nox n t s m c ste noct f . ni ht , o i ( , , g OS r s m ste or n . outh , o i ( , , m i OS s s s stem os s n . bone , o ( , ,

ul s l der u veris stem ul er m . ow p vi , p ( , p v , p r us t h h s s tem rhO f . sumac h , oi ( , ,

INDECLINABLE NOUNS

Many nouns derived fro m mo dern languages a re used in Latin r ri ti n o u n f f rm for th r l p esc p o s with t a y change O o e seve a cases . S trictl s eakin t ese are for the most art n t Latin words but y p g , h p o , Since they are Used in connection with Latin words it is convem i t oul ent to speak o f them simply as indeclinable no uns . I sh d no t be understoo d that an indeclinable noun is no t subj ect to th e

same r nci les of case use a s declinable nouns but merel t at p i p , y h i r it does no t alter ts fo m to Show case . l A l indeclinable nouns are neuter .

VOCABULARY

- l - l lli o inde . a e me s n . h ne a ar a ar n . c ar a ar m g g , , , g g , , , y l ti il inde . buc lac lac s n . m k buchu n . c hu , , , , , , lli bile l fe n . all in ecl. eurar e s curat e n . d e f , , , , , , g , , i n s o l co hlear s . on indecl. al atec u c c eare c amb r n . e c h g i , , , p o h , , , p . - il l di a Oleum i n . o d ach l n indec . ch lon i y on, , y , , , I RREGULAR DECLENSION 37

i - i ma nes um i n . ma nes u indecl. um mmi n . gu , , , g g , , , g m

infus - i i si l t um n . n u o inde . a ico n tico n . c m ma , , , , , , f

r - r i l etto anum i n . a n indecl. s aw a m sabal n . , , , p g , , , g

im . ma stica verb res . d indec . sa o sa o n . g , , l , g , , I (p , p , 2 , i . hew indecl. sassa r as s n c sas safras n . , , , f g , l meral sev l l ot se tem indec . nu in c . s ro en sumbu n . de mu k , , , p , , o t i d l r l i ht l. c o n ec . nume a t lu n . indec tolu e o , , , , , g

EXERCISES

I ranslat into n lis . T e E g h (I ) Tinctura buchu ; ( 2 ) cochleare lactis ; (3) syr upus sabal cum tolu ; (4) capsulae mel et sago ; 5) infusi sassafras ; (6) r ecipe unguentum di achylon ; (7) dentur pilulae matico ; (8) mi sce extractum sumbul et divide in quattuor pilulas ; (9) repetatur — dosis gambir ; ( I o ) mastica agar agar grana decem ter in dies i m ante c bu .

Transla te into Latin (I) Ex tra ct of sumbul; (2 ) Of syrup o f sabal; (3) a spoon Of honey ; (4) sago with sassafras ; 5) tincture of curare ; (6) six s o ons Of emulsio n o f ambir take te n rams of sum p g ; (7) , g

bul and mix with ho ney ; (8) lime water . with milk ; (9) take seven grains Of buchu ; ( 1 0 ) take seven grains of sumbul and

di i in r ills v de to fou p . LESSON 1 1

ADJECTIVES

li A dj ectives are dec ned like nouns . They are divided according to their declension into two classes ad ecti es Of th e rst and second declension and ad ecti es Of h j v fi , j v t e ir i th d declens on .

r ar no d ecti s of th fourt and f t d clensi n The e e a j ve e h fi h e o s . T h e first and second declensions are used together fo r o ne class f r l rm r ll r r I o adj ectives in orde to supp y fo s fo a th ee gende s . t h as already been p ointed out that nouns of th e first declensio n are fem ni of th l nsio n ma ulin r ne t r ne t ose e second dec e sc e o u e . i , h T he forms Of the first declensio n therefore are used for the femi nine oi th e adj ective and tho se Of the second declension for the m lin r ascu e and the neute .

Th e declens on of an ad ecti e conforms strictl to th e declen ; i j v y sion of nouns but it is best i en in full to s ow its th ree enders : , g v h g

t tem al albus , whi e; s , b

o alb N m. i lborum Gen . a

alb s A ce. o lbis A bl. a ADJECTIVES 39

A few adj ectives of th e first and second declensrons have the

- f - T he r Of t is masculine singular ending in er instead o us . h lon s to the stem of th e word but th e e does not and is endi ng be g , therefore dropped from all o ther forms than the nomi native singu li us l er is th e nominati e sin ular mascul ne ular mascu ne . Th , b v g i j ' from th e stem rubr to élfich th e terminations of all o ther forms are added regularly . T he only adj ectives of thi s type in common use are

' ruber , rubia, rubrum, r ed

niger , nigra, nigrum, black

glaber , glabra , glabrum, hairless

A dj ectives of the third declension are declined like the i- stems

t i - i in th bl ti in l - i see above . a s t e a e e a a ve u ar um ( ) Th , h y h v S g , in the eni tive lural and - ia in th e nomi native and accusati g p , ve lural neuter and eit er - is or - es I n the a ccusative lural mas p , h p

culine and feminine . A dj ectives Of th e third declension do not Sho w gender as ur el as ad ectives of th e r t and n l n O acc at y j fi s seco d dec e sion . nly in th e no minati e and accusati e cases can it be distin u s v v g i hed, nd not alwa t en i it l arl di l O l a ys h s c e y stinguishab e . n y one adj ective used in pharmaceutical Latin h as three nominative ndi n to o t r — e gs Sh w the h ee genders acer .

acer shar stem acr , p; , i SINGULAR

acris

acris

acr em

acr i PLURAL

N om. acres acres

Gen . acrium acrium

A c r s - - c. ac i es) acris es) A l b . 40 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Observe that th e genitive and ablative are identical in bo th numbers for all enders and t at onl in the no minati e sin ular g , h y v g is t er a di r n b n ma s uli n and feminin f r h e fle e ce etwee c e e o ms .

Man ad ecti es ave o nl two terminations for ender the y j v h y g , mas uli in d n i al r u n th e c ne and feminine b e g i e t c th o ghout . A s i rst class o nl in th e no mi nati e and accusati e cases is the fi , y v v n euter distinguished by a different form .

dulcis sweet stem dulc , ; , i SINGULAR nd F rn Masc . a e .

dulc s N om. i

e d l G n . u ci d l A ce. u cem l A bl. du ci PLURAL

d dulc a N om. ulces i

e d l ium G n . u c

- dulc a A ce. dulcis es) i

dulci s dulcibus A bl. bu

Many adj ectives have but one terminatio n fo r th e th ree genders in all cases except th e accusative singular and th e nomina tive and

- - - nd in Or o r x o r ns . accusative plural. These e , ,

e t s tem ab s rbent absorbens , absor b n ; , o

nd N eut . M m . a c . e as , F , SINGULAR PLURAL

bso rbentia neut . a abso rbens absorbentes ( , )

absorbentis absorbentium i b abso rbente s neut . absorbent a neut . a abso rbentem ( , ( , ) so rbens )

absorbenti absorbentibus

4 2 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

A n ad ect e a rees in ender number and case it h n j iv g g , , w h t e oun l m t it i i s .

tinctura aromatica , an aromatic tin cture

s r i ar o r y up omatici, f an a omatic syrup s r tus o i e ti pi i amm n a aroma cus , aromatic spirit of ammonia

Observe that in th e third example th e adj ective takes th e ender number and case of S r s n f i g , , pi itu , ot O ammon ae . I t canno t be determi ned fro m th e o rder of words which noun an a d ecti e limits but onl fro m th e m nin H r i h ea . e e t is t e s irit j v , y g , p i i w c is aro mat c no t th e ammo ni a . h h ,

A n ad ect e re ularl follows th e noun w ic it limits but in _ j iv g y h h , titles in ol n a eniti e o f material th e eniti e ma stand v vi g g v ( ) , g v y be ee th e no n d it d ecti tw n u an s a j ve .

EXERCISES

r n l i o li I . T a s ate nt Eng sh ( 1 ) Liquor antisepticus ; (2 ) a mygdala amara ; (3) aquam des tillatam ; (4) partes a equales ; 5) pulvis effervescens co mp o si tus ; (6) ferri sulpha s granulatus ; (7) vini rubri; (8) tinctura opii camphorata ; (9) ferri citras solubilis ; ( I O) tinctura opii

deo do rati . Translate into Latin (1 ) Mineral water ; (2 ) Of white wine ; (3) aperient water (4) ten equal parts ; 5) purgative powder ; (6) co ncentrated extract Of digitalis ; (7) equal parts Of tincture Of belladonna and Of elixir Of iron ; (8) bitter wine Of iron ; (9) compound laxative pills ; (I O) take ten grams of granulated sulphate Of r I on . LE SSON 1 2

COM P AR IS ON OF ADJECTIVES

Adj ectives are capable Of ano ther fo rm Of inflection known as

m r n co pa iso . A s in En lis t ere are t ree de rees of com arison : th e g h , h h g p

itive th com ar ative th su erlati e os e e v . p , p , p T he p o sitive is the form already discussed under th e deelen sio n f d i O a j ect ves . T h e co mp ara tive is regularly fo rmed by adding to th e s tem of

h i i - I r masculine and f minin - i s n t r t e o s t ve o e e u eu e . us p ( ) , ( ) Th th e s tem o f th e p o sitive purus is pur th e comparative is

ior - i s pur , u .

i - - T h e sup erla tive s regularly formed by adding is simus , a ,

- f um o th m th o i i . f , t e ste o e p s t ve Thus : th e s tem o th e p o sitive

is h u rl - - purus pur t e s p e ative is purissimus , a , um . A dj ectives who se no minative ends in - er fo rm their superla tive by adding - rimus di rectly to th e nominative instead o f to th e

s t m f - - e . us : th e su rl i O r i Th pe at ve ace s acerrimus , a , um . T he

com arative Of t ese ad ec ives is r l r ri r - i p h j t egu a (ac o , us) .

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

urus - a - - i - - p , , um, pur e purior , us puris simus , a, um

dul i - - - - c s , e , sweet dulcior , ius dulcis simus , a, um

mitis - - - - , e , mild mitior , ius mitis simus , a , um

recens r - - - , f esh recentior , ius recentis simus , a, um a cer - cms - cr r - - - , , e , sha p acri or, ius acerrimus , a , um ‘ g 43 44 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

IRREGULAR COM PARISON

S everal a d ectives ar e irre ular in co m ri j g pa son . They are the same ad ecti es as t o se irre ularl com ar d in En lis j v h g y p e g h .

POSITIVE COMP ARATI VE SUPERLATIVE b nus - a - um li - - - o , , , good me or , ius optimus , a, um malus - a - um i - i - - , , , bad pe or , us pessimus , a, um

' ma nus - - - - - g , a , um, great maior , ius maximus , a, um

- - - - parvus , a , um, small minor, minus minimus , a, um multus - a - l l - - , , um, much p us (neuter only) p urimus , a, um multi - ae - l - l - - , , a, many p ures , a p urimi, ae, a

DECLENSION OF C OMPARATI VE A N D SUPERLATIVE FORMS

T he co mp arative forms are declined according to the third declension‘ like ad ectives Of two terminations exce t t at t e do j , p h h y n f llo th i- stem endin s o t o w e g .

‘ fort r stron er stem f rt r io , g ; , o io

SINGULAR d m Masc . an F e .

f ior N om. ort

fo rtioris Gen .

fo rtiorem A ce.

fo r tiore A bl.

PLURAL fortiores N om. u’ fortio m Gen . ru

fo rtiores A ce. “ q fo rtioribus A bl.

T h e superlative forms are declined adj ectives i the first and second declens ons . COMPARISON OF ADJE CT I VE S 45

VOCABULA RY

- - - i t a uOsuS a um a d . a ueous levis e ad . l h , , j , g q , , , j , q

- - flavus - a - um ad ellow benzoinatus , a , um, adj , , , j y d a d uva t benzoinated adjuvans , a j j n

- - boilin d ri ulli ens ad . boricus a um, a . bo e b , j , g , , j , — - - Viridis e ad . r een car olatus a um ad . car b , , , j , , , j , g

- bolized volatilis , e , adj volatile acidus - a - um ad acid our chlorinatus - a - um ad chlori , , , j , s , , , j

- - t d l a d . l r a e amp us , a , um, j a ge n

- - - it s i ild nitr s S a um a d . n rou m tis e ad . m O u , , j , , , , j

fl - d exi l ad li i as much as ou leas e exilis e a . b e b tum , , j , fl , y p

- t fi t le e artis let it be ade ac mollis e ad . so a m , , j , f g ,

- i a r di to t l s o t e ar i d . a o e canadens s , e , a j C nad n c ng he ru f h t

i - - t c tratus , a , um , adj ci r ated altemi s horis , every other hour in i - - d i s issat d sp s satus , a , um, a j n p e

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

T he use of th e co mp arative and sup erla tive degrees o f a dj ectives is th n li h e rinci le of th a r m n f e same as in E g sh . T p p e g ee e t o an ad ecti it its noun is no aff cted b h d r o f c m r j ve w h t e y t e eg ee o p a iso n . T h e most frequent o ccurrence of o ther degrees of comparison than th e p o sitive is in th e use of fortis to deno te the strength o f a re ar i p p at on .

a ua ammoniae f tr o at r o am o ia q ortis , s ng w e f m n

a ua ammo i f str r at r i q n ac ortior , onge w e of ammon a t aqua ammoniae fortissima , strongest wa er of ammonia

EXE RCISES

I . Translate into English (I ) Extractum purissimum ; ( 2 ) liquorem fo r tio rem ; (3) aca cia albissima ; (4) vini albi Optimi ; (5) aqua amygdalae fo r tio r ; LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

(6) ferri citras solubilio r ; (7) Oleum Sinapis volatili ssimum ; (8) extractum hyo scyami acidum ; (9) pilulas belladonnae minima n h r o xi fl i mi s ; ( I O) u guentum ydra gyri di av tis . Translate into Latin (I) White wine ; (2 ) stronger oil (3) th e most soluble extract ; (4) of a milder tincture ; 5) ten smaller pills ; (6) th e reddest gum (7) dispense (dispensa) in th e largest cap sules ; (8) let th e whitest emulsion of oil o f bitter almo nd be ma de ; (9) take a pint of th e best wine ; ( 1 0 ) a dd water f n n it o sufficie t qua t y . LESSON I 3

NUM ER ICAL ADJ'ECTIVES

I n pharmaceutical Latin numerals are almost invariably x r r T he Latin words t erefore are necessar e essed in u es . p fig , h , y

onl in the readin of a rescri tion no t in th e wr tin of it . y g p p , i g

h r f r T e li st is given here for pu poses of re e ence .

CARDINAL ORDINAL

unus - a - um one rimus - a - um rst , , , p , , , fi duo duae duo two ecundus s eco d , , , s , n

tres tri t r tertius t r , a , h ee , hi d quattuor quartus quinque quintus sex sextus septem septimus o cto octavus novem nonus

decem decimus

undecim undecimus

duodecim duo decimus

tredecim tertius decimus quattuordecim quartus decimus quindecim quintus decimus sedecim sextus decimus

septendecim septimus decimus duodeviginti duodevicesimus undeviginti undevicesimus V iginti V icesimus i inti u V nus etc . V icesimus rimus etc . g , p , 4 7 48 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

CARDINAL ORDINAL

triginta tricesimus quadraginta quadragesimus quinquaginta quinquagesimus sexaginta sexagesimus septuaginta septuagesimus o ctoginta o ctogesimus nonaginta nonagesimus centum centesimus

centum unus etc centesimus rimus , . p

ducenti - ae - a ducentesimus , ,

trecenti trecentesimus

quadringenti quadringentesimus quingenti quingentesimus sescenti sescentesimus

septingenti septingentesimus o ctingenti o ctingentesimus no ngenti nongentesimus

mille millesimus

duo mili a bis millesimus

centum mili a centies millesimus

decies centena milia decies centies millesimus

h rdi l o l s uo tre nd th undr d a o Of t e ca na s n y unu , d , s , a e h e s b ve

r d ille n d s a no n i d li d centum a e decline . M whe use a u s ec ne .

l i dr d i l r T he dec ens on of th e hun e s s regu a .

T he declension Of unus is as follows

M ASCULINE FEMIN I NE

N om. unus i Gen . un us

un m A ce. u

bl uno A .

' is r l r ll c se c he eniti e Observe th at it egu a in a a s ex ept t g v . so LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

PRINCIPLES or SYNTAX

T he rules for exp ressing fractions are

- hal is ex ress d b th n n is i I . One f p e y e ou Sem , semiss s (abbre

- - - viated ss or b dimidius a um . I f one hal is used alone , ) y , , f , t n t r n un - i i m lo he eu e o dimidium, , s e p yed .

I n o t er fractio ns th num ra tor is x re sed r n l 2 . h e e e p s by a ca di a nd th d no min tor an ordinal as in En li r a e e a b s . e a e y , g h Th y h ini n nd r to r t th n un in t e fem e ge e ag ee wi h e o pars , partis , part. i i o mit n en th e numerator is o ne t s ted a d ars is ex ress d . Wh , p p e

- tertia pars , one third

en th e denominator I s one reater t an the numerator the Wh g h ,

l r d numerato r on y is exp esse with partes .

- duae partes , two thirds

When the denominator is two or more greater than th e numera tor bot numerator and denom nato r are ex ressed and artes , h i p p is o mitted .

t r - t s tres septimae , h ee seven h

EXERCISES

r nsl t nto I . T a a e i English (I) D uae drachmae ; (2 ) quinque unciae ; (3) novem librae ; (4) duodecim scrupuli ; 5) tres drachmae et quattuor scrupuli ; (6) quarta pars ; (7) V icesima pars ; (8) duae quintae ; (9) o cto decimae ; (I o ) duae unciae cum semisse ; (I I) quattuor

drachmas et dimidias ; ( 1 2 ) o cto grammata et duac decimae . Translate into Latin : (1 ) T wo o unces ; (2 ) seven drachms ; (3) four scruples ; (4) twenty pounds ; (5) one- third ; (6) two - thirds ; (7) five sevenths ; (8) three and a half grains ; (9) five and o ne- third

dr 0 f five drac ms two scru les ten achms ; ( 1 ) our ounces, h , p ,

and ahalf grains . LE SSON 1 4

INFLECTION OF VER B S

T he conj ugation o f a La tin verb involves a much more extended use of inflection than do es the declension o f a noun o r of an a djec tive ; and it is very desirable that th e verb in all its completeness s l r r B ut since armaceutical Latin hou d be tho oughly lea ned . ph em lo s the verb onl in i n directions on a rescri tion all p y y g vi g p p , that is absolutely essential to know is that part of th e verb used in c mm n o a ds .

Latin uses two mo o ds for commands the im erative and the , p s ubj unctive .

Of th e im erati e onl o ne form is em lo ed viz . the second p v y p y , ,

r i l r m r r n i i e son s n u a nu be ese t tense act ve o ce . p , g , p , v Of th e subj unctive th e following forms are employed : the third erson sin ular or lural number resent tense active or ass e p , g p , p , p iv i vo ce . There are four regular conj ugations distinguished by the vowel f h o t e stem .

A verb is usuall named as in En lis b i h in ni i e in t e t . y , g h , y g v g fi v

T h m i f r i - e ste s ound b d o n the in niti e endin t e . us y pp g fi v g Th ,

b dro in the - t e fro m siccare to dr we find the stem to be y pp g , y, . sicca

T he stem vowels of the four conjug ations are

E x . siccare to d r stem s cca , , y; , i E i X. miscére to m x stem m sce , , ; , i E X. reci ere to take stem rec e , p , ; , ip E x . finit e to end stem fini , , ; ,

T he imperative form referred to above is in every case identical wit th h e stem . 52 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

I n th e sub uncti e forms th e thi rd erso n sin ular number is j v , p g alwa s indicated b a nal - t if acti e voice and b a nal - tur y y fi , v , y fi , if assi i h t i rd er n lural umber i al p ve vo ce . T e h p so p n s ways ’ indica ted b a nal - nt if a ctive vo ice and b a nal - utur if y fi , , y fi ,

assi e o ic B ut the o el recedin t ese endin s varies p v v e . v w p g h g it the o w c n u ation . us h j g Th ,

ACTIVE VOICE

3d Singular

—et

- eat

- at

- iat

PASSI VE VOICE

- etur

- eatur

- atur

latur

es ndin s re l ce the final vowel o f th e stem a s i en Th e e g p a , g v bo a ve .

h m i f e fo rms of th e sub unctive so far as t he T e ean ngs o thes j , y are used in rmace t cal Latin are s own b the follow n pha u i , h y i g illustrations SINGULAR

stet, let (it) stand s aken agitetur, let (it) be h

PLURAL d stent, let (them) stan t be shaken agitentur , let ( hem)

ir d T he imperative is usually preferred if an active fo rm is des e . l sed Therefore the active forms of the subjunctive are rare y u . INF LECTION OF VERB S 53

VOCABULARY

i re to mascerare V . to soak be . dri b , v 3, nk , I , late er wit endin s of erc lar e V . I to erco cap e , v . 3 ( h g p o , , p ‘

f l erat e V . I to ulverize o ur o u n res . u th c nj ga t . i p p v , , p t label i n t e V . I o to take s g a , ,

to dissolv l l ere V . e c rare . 1 to color s o o , v , o v , 3 , to r b to triturate il terere V . u co uere . to bo q , v 3, , 3 , , in f rm n irr . d diluere v t dilute fieri V . e o a . o , 3 , , 3 , ( g

m anin res . sub . fiat irre . f c e facere v . im er . a , 3 ( p , g , ; g ; fp j , , in fiant is active in fo rm but has endings of fo urth conj . ,

res to make assive in meanin to be p . p g) ,

ltrat e I to lter made fi ,v . , fi

PRINCIPLES OF SYNTAX

o mm nd is ex ressed in Latin b th e im erati e mood o r 1 . C a p y p v

by th e subj unctive moo d .

adde aquam add water

aqua addatur , let water be added

O serve t at w en an acti e form adde is used the noun is its b h h v ( ) , obj ect and is therefore in th e accusative case ; that when a pas

sive form addatur is used th e noun is its sub ect and is t erefo r ( ) , j h e

in th e nominative case .

2 . T h e sub unctive is used wit th e conunction ut ne at ve j h j ( g i , n i der t at to ex ress ur os e n or h e . ) , , p p p

m sce ene ut ul s fiat ix well i r i b p vi , m n orde that a powder may be made

A idio m 3 . n atic use of the subj unctive (known a s subj unctive o f ch aracteristic is found i h laus ) n t e c e quantum sumciat, as much as may sufiice. LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

EXERCISES

anslate to n l s I . Tr in E g i h (I) B ibe aquam ; ( 2) pulvera corticem quercus ; (3) percola pulverem hyoscyami ; (4) tinctura diluatur ; 5) co que corti cem cum aqua ; (6) misce bene et divide I n sex partes ; (7) fiant decem pilulae ; (8) flat emulsum lege ar tis ; (9) misceatur pulvis et divida tur in o cto capsulas ; (I O) macera digitalem in u i fusum fiat a qua t n . Translate into Latin ( 1 ) M ix and label; (2 ) p ercola te bark of oak; (3) disp ense in papers ; (4) let it be colored ; (5) boil hyo scyamus with alcohol; (6) dilute vinegar of squill with equal p ar ts of wa ter ; (7) let two pills of bellado nna be given three times a day ; (8) a dd aro matic eli xir as muc as ma be necessar mix , h y y ; (9) well and divide into Six suppositories ; (I o ) rub well in order m mad that a p owder ay be e . LE SSON 1 5

PR EPOSI TI ON S , C ONJUNCTIONS , ETC .

PREPOSITIONS

i e alwa s r cede Prepositions are incapable of inflect on . Th y y p e l th e word o r words they contro .

A s has been said above La tin enerall em lo s inflection to , g y p y Show th e relation between words where Engli sh employs preposi tio er r r in r l ion ressed b re sitions ns . B ut th e a e ce ta e at s exp y p po in L n l ati a so .

T he use of re ositions is limited to two cases the accusati e p p , v and the bl i a at ve .

Prepositions used with th e a ccusative are ad to u X d r te duas u to two arts to. E . a a s , , p p , p p

e be x ante ci um be ore ood meals ant , fore. E . b , f f ( )

tra ai st x n ai n . c tr fe re a st er co , ag n E . o a b m, g n fev t i E x . i in il i in o . l , in d v de p u as duas , div de into two pills fi er throu b . x hr a t h E . er stulam t ou h ube er d e p , g , y p , g ; p i m, by the day (daily) t r s a x . i r po t, f e . E post c bum, afte food (meals) s ecundum in accorda ce with E x secund e i acc d , n . . um art m, n or

ance with the art

Prepositions used with th e ablative are

cum with . E x c t , . um creta , wi h chalk

' e o r ex r m o t o u i . x o accord n to E . s r tus e n s irit o , f , f , g pi i vi o, p f r om wine ex t (f ) ; modo prescrip o, according to the manner prescribed in in on . E x . in itr ni r in black lass , , v o g o , g . ro or in ro ortion to r l . x . o cu ro p , f , p p E p o o, f or the eye. p ratione aetatis in ro r i t , p po t on to the age ( he calculati on of age) ine wi t X s E . th . , ou s ine ferro , without ir on 55 56 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

I t will be no ticed that th e preposition in is used bo th with th e sati e and w t the abl accu v i h ative . There is a diff erence in

m nin o e r en i i ea w e . t s u t t g , h v Wh sed wi h h e accusative there is a

sense of mo tion ex ressed or m l ed and the meanin is r t p i p i , g a her f th e n l s i to t an i en it i l that o E g i h n h n . Wh s used with the ab a ' ti e it follows a erb ex ressed or im lied deno tin rest rat er v v , p p , g h n mo t on T he d fference ma be se n in th tha i . i y e e two English illustratio ns The water is in the cup pour water in the cup

r o ition has also th fo rm x he l tter i usu ll T he p ep s e e e . T a s a y u nl b for a word be innin t a vo l ere a e a sed o y e e g g wi h we . Th r few nstances owever in w c ex o ccurs b fore consonant a i , h , hi h e a , s

in th e example given above .

CONJUNCTIONS

on unc on are nca a l f nfl cti n C j ti s i p b e o i e o . ere are two classes of con unct ons coord nate and subordi Th j i , i

nate .

A coor di nate con unct o n is one w ic connects two coordina te j i h h , t d o r e ual words o r rases . us a ua et num wa er an q , ph Th , q vi , h o nl t o coord nate wine; misce et divide , mix and divide. T e y w i conj unctions in common use are :

A subordinate conj unction is one which connects a dependent l de nd nt clause us d v de ut d ctum divide c ause t n e . o an i pe Th , i i i , d r t c nn ts the de endent erb d ctum dic as dir ecte . H e e o ec , u p v i (

t nd nt rd de . T he onl tum e st, has been s aid) o th e indepe e wo divi y i t n i on us i s ubo rd nate conj unc io n comm e s ut.

Ut has two distinct meanin s as and in order that. en it g , , Wh \ means as it deno tes com arison and is re ularl followed b the , p , g y y means i order nd cat mood See exam le abo e . en it n i i ive . ( p v ) Wh

58 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

h 6 . T e quan tity o f a substance is indicated in a prescriptio n by an abbre atio n a d vi n stands last .

EXERCISES

I . Translate into English ( 1 ) P ro o re ; (2 ) in co chleare ; (3) Sine aqua ; (4) divide in pilulas ut di ctum ; 5) fiant gutta e pro o culo ; (6) cap e unam pilulam bis in diem ; (7) detur do sis ante cibum ; (8) miscean

tirr ut se tem ilulae fiant fac ca sulas ex mo do re , p p ; (9) p p i i i i l scri to I o misce le e ar t s ut V i nt lu ae fiant . p ; ( ) g , g p Translate into Latin : ( 1 ) D rops for th e eyes ; ( 2 ) up to five grains ; (3) witho ut milk ; (4) divide into eight suppo sitories ; (5) let it be mixed as directed ; (6) let two pills be given three times a day ; (7) take two cap sules a t th e ho ur of sleep ; (8) take laxa tive pills four in number ; (9) mix well in o rder that drops for th e eye may be made ; (1 0 ) let them be mixed according to the manner pre i scr bed and d ded nto fif teen su o s tor es . i , ivi i pp i LE SSON - 1 6

PAR TICIP LES

re are t ree t es of ar tici les th e r esent the ast and The h yp p p ; p , p ,

th e gerundive .

T h e resent artici le is active invariabl en s and p p p , y d is declined like a dj ectives of th e third declension having o ne ter

i I t is usuall r endered b th e n lis artici le I n m nation . y y E g h p p lli ns lli n li hus bu e bu e tis bo n . i ngn , , , i g h e ast ar tici is assive invariabl en ple p , y ds in ” p p

n i clin d like ad ectives of th e rst and second decl nsio a d s de e j fi e n .

l r h n r l I t is usual rende ed b t e E lis a tici e in d , us y y g h p p “i Th ,

- - ammoniatus , a, um, ammoni ated .

and is declined like a d ectives of th e rst and second declensi s j fi on . I t is usually rendered by th e prop er fo rm of th e English verb to be

r i l - i i - - to et e w t th e artici e in cd . us d dendus a um g h h p p Th , v , , , i to be div ded .

VOCABULARY

demulcens , demulcent fervens , hot ' fumens umin roborans str t , f g , eng hening

lefaciens war i - - ca , m ng calcinatus , a , um, calcined

carbolisatus - a - um carbolized com ress s — - , , , p u , a, um, compressed

ex re ss s - a - um ex r essed con - - p u , , , p tfi sus , a , um, bruised

li uefactus - a - um li ue ed exsicca - - q , , , q fi tus , a , um, dried

rectificatus - a - um recti ed ulvera - - , , , fi p tus , a, um, powdered

di idendus - a - um to be divid d for - - v , , , e mandus , a , um, to be formed

servandus -a - m to e re uten - - , , u , b p dus , a , um, to be used served 6O LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

PRINCIPLES OF SYN TAX

Participles perform a double function

1 . A s an ad ecti e a ar tici le limits th e meani n of a j v , p p g noun . A ccordin l it is ca able of inflec t on and obe s th e sam g y , p i y e laws o f

a reement as ad ti is artici l r ec es . at a e a ees w t h g j v Th , p p g i h t e noun it limits in r ende number and case . g , ,

2 . A s a ar t of a erb a ar tici le deno tes action and is ca able p v , p p p o f s ow n cer tain s ntactical relations de endent u on a erb h i g y p p v . us a artici le ma ave a direct ob ect in th c i Th , p p y h j e a cusat ve

case o r be followed b adverbial rases etc . y ph , I n the sentence

fiat massa in pilulas decem dividenda .

Observe that th e p ar ticiple dividenda as an adj ective agrees in ender number and ca se w t th e noun ma ssa w ic it limi ts g , , i h h h ; and that as a p art of a verb it is followed by the prepositional r s il l ph a e in p u as decem . I n pharmaceutical Latin th e most frequent use of participles is r in their function of adj ectives . I n thei verbal function they ' o ccur in instances like that given in the example above Or in th e l ab l co nstruction known as ab ative so ute . [TA noun and a par ticiple bo th in th e ablative case and not a ffect f th s ntence form bl i b l t ing th e syntax of th e rest o e e an a at ve a so u e . us febre absente ever bein absent Th , , f g l ’

EXERCISES

r l te nto n lis I . T ans a i E g h ( I ) Oleum amygdalae exp ressum; (2 ) phenol liquefactum; (3) Oleum terebinthinae rectificatum ; (4) alumen exsiccatum ; (5) elixir roborans ; (6) digitalis folia contusa ; (7) massa in qua ttuor pilulas formanda ; (8) gargarisma mo do dicto m utendu . PARTICIPLES 6 1

Translate into Latin ( 1 ) D ried bark of euo nymus ; ( 2 ) po wdered ipecac ; (3) co m pressed tablets of licorice ; (4) calcined ma gnesia ; 5) eff erves cent solution Of citra ted caff eine ; (6) to be divided into ten papers ; (7) let a ma ss be made to be fo rm ed into five pills ; 8 to be r se n l ( ) p e rved i a bo tt e . LESSON 1 7

PR ESCRI PTION WRI TING

complete prescription co nsists of th e following D ate and name of a tien p t . S u erscri p ptio n .

Inscri t o p i n .

Subscri ption . i n S g a ture .

N ame o f sici phy an .

1 . DATE A N D NAME OF PATIENT

T h e da te I S wri tten in En lis and stands at th e u er ri t g h , pp gh

and corner o f th e rescri ion a s o n n r n l t a o di ar etter . T he h p p , y ’ atient s name usuall stands below and to h l ft o f t p y t e e h e da te .

A s a rule the rinted rescri tion l nk ro r l , p p p b a s p vide p oper y for date n a d name .

2 . SUPERSCRIPTION

T h e su erscri tion n hi s s mbol is p p co sists of th e symbol B . T y to be understo od a s an abbr vi ion L n r r i e e at of th e ati ve b ec p .

Observe t a t th e erb reci e meanin take thou is in th e h v p , g ( ) , im era ti m e oo d a cti e voice second erson sin ular number . p v , v , p , g I t is an o rder addressed to th e dru ist and has fo r its direct gg , Obj ect th e ingredients o r th e amounts o f th e ingredients which follow I n th i e nscrip tio n .

3 . INSCR IPTION

T he inscription consists of the ingredients prescribed and their mo r o a unts . I t is best considered as mad of fo ur a ts alt u e up p , h gh fre uentl o n m q y e or ore par ts are o mitted .

6 2 PRESCRIPTION WRITING 63

r is known as th e base t at is the act e a ent T h e first pa t ; h , iv g together with th e amount prescribed . r i known as th e ad u ant t at is th e dru T he second pa t s j v ; h , g d s a n id to the action of th e base to et er wit th e amount use a a , g h h p rescribed. ird art is known as th e correcti e t at is th e substance T he th p v ; h , used to modif th e action of the base to et er wit th e amount y , g h h prescribed . h fourt ar t is known as th e ve icle t at is th e substance T e h p h ; h ,

s d as th e carrier Of th e o t er t ree ar ts to et er wit th e u e h h p , g h h amo unt prescribed . I t will be Observed that each o f th e four parts named consists nd n amo nt n r a th amount is the of a substance a a u . I eve y c se e I t is di rect obj ect of th e verb recipe used in th e superscription . i A lmost n er owever is r f re in the accusat v case . the e o e ev , h ,

th e amount written o ut in full Latin in actual ractice but is p , l m times exp ressed by means o f symbo s deno ting quantity . S o e th e numerical symbol is replaced by the words quantitatem s fi ci n em abbreviated to w i lik h n mb r whi c u e t ( h ch , e t e u e h

r a ar i h r is t e e l ce e n t e accusative case . en t is ase h y p , Wh h ph further exp anded into th e form quantitatem sufficientem ad e t t abbr via ed o . 8 . ad followed b a numerical s mbol th e ( q ) y y , ‘ uantitatem sufli cientem is still th e direct Ob ect and the number q j , is in the accusative case because it is dependent upon the preposi

tion ad .

I n each o f the four par ts of the inscription th e ingredient is ex ressed in the enitive case since it re resents th e w ole of p g , p h which a par t is taken (see Lesson F requently th e ingredient is ex ressed b means of mor a a i S om im it p y e th n s ngle word . et es consists of a noun and an ad ective in w ic case th e ad ecti e j ; h h , j v

also is in th e eniti e since an ad ectiv r th e no n it g v , j e ag ees with u limits in ender numb r n g , e , a d case . S ometimes it consists of two

nouns one limitin the o t er in whi c c n uns ar in h e , g h ; h ase, bo th o e t enitive since one denotes th e w ole of w i c a art is taken and g , h h h p , th e o t er deno tes the material of w ic the rst consists see h h h fi . ( 64 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Lesson S ometimes it consists of t o no uns o ne or bo t f w , h o

w ic are limi ted b ad ecti es in w ic ca se bo t nouns are in h h y j v ; h h , h th e enitive as alread ex lained and h e ad ecti e or ad ecti es g y p , t j v j v a ree in ender number and case it th e no un or nouns ic g g , , w h wh h t e li h y mit . A n example of a single noun to gether with its quantity is i R . cthyolis drachmas duas [ 5 ii]

A n example of a noun and an a dj ective to gether with th e quan tity is acidum sul h ncias s iii R . p uricum u tre [3 ]

A n example of two nouns to gether with th e quantity is i m R . t nctura Opu drachmam una [f 3 il

A n example of two nouns o ne of which is limited by an adjec ti e to et er wit th e uantit 15 v , g h h q y

s iri ammonia aromatici drachmas s ex f vi R . p tus e [ 5 ]

I t is frequently th e ca se that th e amount of an ingredi ent is no t sta ted in the rescri tio n but is left to th e discretion of th e p p ,

I i em mb red t at w ere er the in redie t is druggist . t s to be r e e h h v g n named w t out its uantit th e in redient itself is th e Ob ect of i h q y , g j th e verb recipe and is therefore in the accusative ca se . T h e following may be taken as a typical example of a co mplete inscription :

uininae sul hatis R . q p i acidi tartar ci . mis turae glycyrrhizae co mpositae

elixiris aromatici quantum sufficiat ad .

EXERCISES

r nt n li I . T anslate i o E g sh

I o tassii a eta tis . R . p c

inf usi buchu quantum suifi ciat ad

LESSON 1 8

PR ES CR IPTION WR ITING (continued)

4 . SUBSCRIPTION

T h e subscrip tio n consis ts of th e ins tructio ns to th e pharmacist as to th e form in w ic th e medicine is t di i h h o be spensed . I t s

nvariabl written in Latin co mmo nl in an abbr f rm i y , y eviated o . F o r a co m lete list of abbre a tio ns in use see a e ( p vi , p g T h e language principles involved are tho se already discussed in r l A l o u h r th e p evio us esso ns . th gh t e ange o f such instructions a s ma be i en in th e subscri tio n is uite limited nevert eless y g v p q , h in o rder to a chieve fluency and accuracy a mastery of th e inflec ti f x i r l r l ons and o t he s nta is necessar . Cer ta n ene a u es y y g ,

o we er ma b sta t d ere a s id in th s f is material e e a u e e u e o t . h v , y h g h

rb n s rs . nc h ri n r r to 1 . T he ve s ta d fi t Si e t e subsc p tio is an o de th e armac st th e erb in ariabl ex resses a co mmand and is ph i , v v y p therefo re either in th e imperative o r in the subj unctive form .

F requently more than o ne verb is emplo yed .

2 l l l if th e . T h e verb is usua ly fol owed immediate y by its Obj ect

verb is im era tive o r b its sub ect if th e verb is sub uncti e . I t p , y j j v is to be observed a cco rdin l t a t th e im era ti e is follo wed b , g y , h p v y th e a ccusa tive case a nd th e subj unctive by th e no minative case .

i in r s usuall co nsist o f a re ositional 3 . T h e rema n g wo d y p p indicatin h e wa in ra se o r a wo rd in th e ablative ca se etc . t ph , , g y which th e o rder is to be executed and the parts into which th e sub

s tance is to be divided .

u n is to be divided into ar ts the number Of 4 . When a s bsta ce p , p ar ts is indi ca ted by a R o man numeral placed at th e end and

i n er in number . mmediately preceded by N O . um o , ) PRE SCRIPTION WRI TI NG 67

T he following are typical examples of subscriptions . x fac pilulas No . .

misce et divide in suppositoria numero x11.

adde acaciam ut emulsum flat.

5 . SIGNATURE

n rs T he signature consists o f the directions to the patient o r u e . s l ri t n in En lis but is receded b th e La tin verb I t hou d be w t e g h , p y s igna , label (thou) . I is i th im T he verb Signa is usually abbreviated to Sig . t n e

perative mo o d exp ressing an o rder to th e pharmacist . T h e signature should contain all or such p art as may be neces sary of th e following : l I T h e uantit of th e sin e do se . . q y g

Wh ether to be taken with wa ter or no t .

F requency of dose .

wT h e time at w ic th e dose is to be taken . - h h 1 i i th e dose s r scrib d . 0 T h e perio d fo r wh ch p e e

A n example of a co mplete signatur e is Sig : One tablespo onful in a glass of water three times a da y

before meals for two days . Many physicians make it a p ractice to write the signature in r i Latin in a very abbreviated form . Whe e this s done the pharma cis r l li his l l F o r m le t t ans ates into Eng sh o n abe . ( a co p te lis t of abbreviatio ns in use see a e , p g 7

E r 6 . N A M o PHYSICIAN

T he name of the physician usually stands at th e lower right and corner of th e res r i r r l r h p c ip t o n as in an o dina y ette . When ’ th e p rescription involves a narco tic drug th e physician s a ddress and his r e istration num 1 g ber must also be given .

I . hi s is re uired b the H rri N r i S T q y a so n a co tic L aw. I n cer ta n tates also there are further special laws regulating the prescribing and sale of narco tic

dru s and oisons . Th ese variatio ns cannot be full illus tra ed here g p y t . LATI N F OR PH AR MACI STS

EXERCISES

n l I . Tra s ate into English I isce et dd 2 e i l ( ) M a e aquam; ( ) misce et divid n pi ulas N o . vi ; (3) tere bene ut unguentum flat ; (4) fiat pulvis et di vidatur in l l ca su as x d r do e . 6 fiant t p N o . ; 5) entu ta es s s N o iv ; ( ) gu tae pro o culis ; (7) fac emplastrum lege artis ; (8) dispensa in ch artis ceratis ; (9) fiat mis tura secundum artem ; (I o ) mitte l h li a co o s Oss .

Translate into Latin (1 ) M ix well; 2 ) mix and divide into six pills ; (3) let a mixture be made ; (4) rub well in order that a smooth ointment may be made ; 5) dispense in Six waxed papers ; (6) send ten such doses ; (7) a dd wa ter as much as may be necessary ; (8) let them be mixed and divided into six suppositories ; (9) mix and dispense according to th e manner prescribed ; (I o) add alcohol in order t t ol t on ma m ha a s u i y be ade . LESSON 1 9

EXER CISES I N PR ESCR IPTION WR ITIN G

r n l n lis I . T a s ate i to Eng h

D ate

’ Patient s

P o i B romidi R . tass i Chloralis H ydr atis

Misce et fac solutionem i S g : Teaspoonful in water at bedtime . ’ Physician s

D ate

’ Patient s

ala e J pa . E xtracti H yoscyami isce et divide in ha xiv M c rtas N o .

i : k - llow with S g Ta e one powder every half hour up to six. Fo sal n ts ext morning .

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

A cidi H ydrocyanici Diluti

Fiat solutio

Si : Teas oonful in water several times g p daily .

’ Physician s A ddress ‘ ’ Physician s Registration Number 1 See p . 6 7 . 70 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

D ate

’ Pa tient s

ala ae R . J p

P o ta ssii B itar tra tis

ere ben D ivide in a ula T e ut mis ura fi . xx t a t c ps s N o . i : S g One capsule night and morni ng . ’ i n m Phys cia s Na e .

D ate

’ atient s Name P .

A luminis E xsiccati R .

A cidi Tannici .

Olei T h eobro matis q uantita tem sufii cientem

i ensa in su o sitoriis N xxiv Misce bene et d sp pp o . i Sig : One suppo sitory as d rected . ’ Ph sician Name y s .

D ate

’ Pa tient s Name

E xtrac ti C annabis I ndicae R . A i alic li i c di S y c .

Olei Terebinthinae i i i l li A di A ce c G a ia s ana . c t c , Cocainae

Collo dii Flexilis F ac p astam lege a rtis Sig : A pply a thin coa ting o ver the corn every night as long as

r is necessa y . ’ Physician s Name

II ransla e in o La in . T t t t

D a te

’ Pa tient s Name

Take Oil of Winterg reen Sy rup A suffi cient q uantity of acacia ne s r u o o unces four A s much wa ter as may be ces a y p t . M ake an emulsion m L abel: A tablespoonful three times a day after eals . ’ Physician s Name EXERCISES I N PRESCRIPTION WRITING 7 1

D ate

’ Pa tient s Name

Take Solution of A rseno us A cid mini ms th irty D iluted H ydrochloric fluid drachms two fluid ounces four Co mpound T incture of Gentian up to . L et a solution be made m l Label : Teaspoonful after ea s . ’ Phy sician s Na me

Take Po tassium romide . B S o dium B ro mide drachm ne A mmonium B romide o f each . o i i fluid o unce o ne Syrup o f Citr c A c d . fl i n Spring Water up to . u d ou ces four M ix and color with tinc ture of cudbea r

Label : T w te nf ul s in one- h alf lass of w er o aspoo g at a t bedtime . ’ h sician N me P y s a .

D ate

k oric i Ta e B A c d . drachm o ne Water a suffi cien t q uantity to make a sa turated solution

Label : Five dro s in the e es ever four h o ur p y y s . ’ h sician N m P y s a e .

D a te .

’ Patient s Name “

rninims ten

drachms two

Zinc xi - O de . . o unce o ne h alf

Petrolatum ” o un e ne ra hm c o , d c s elt henol with entle he Mix n M p g a t . ad make an ointment Label : A l to art once a da for as lon pp y p y g a s may be necessary . ’ Physician s 7 2 LA TIN F OR PHA RMA CIST S

D ate

’ Patient s

r T ake Fluidextract of E got . fluid drachms four Po tassium B romide drachms two Calcium B romide grains thirty Camphor Water up fluid ounces eight . M ix

in w r ever fou Label: Tablespoonful ate y r hours .

74 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

Abbreviation Latin E nglish alb albus - a - um hit . , , w e

l t al adstri ta a v ads . vo c th l . e bowe s being confined

m a m lu - - m l r a . s a u a p p , , g e a qua water

a era t a ua aerata car bn te a r a q . q b a d w te

astr . a ua a stricta fr z n a r a q . q o e w te

a bullien il r a buH. ua s o in wate q . q b g

mm a ua co mmu i m n r a co . n s co m at q . q o w e f n a f rv . a ua erve s h wa er q . e q o t t a fluv a ua fluvialis ri r a er q . . q ve w t

f n a ua fo nt li rin r a o t . a s s wate q . q p g mar a m rin t r a . . a a sea wa e q . q a q ua nivalis snow water a qua pluvialis rain water

balneum arenae sand b ath

balneum maris s alt- wa ter bath balneum vapo ris vap o r bath bibe drink

i n di t ice a da b i d . i is in d . . . b s e w b , y

ol bolus a lar e ill b . g p i t it b il bull. bull a let o

b rum butter but . uty cum with c .

a man to morrow mornin c . m . cr s e g

m umendus be ta en tomorro w m s . cras ane s to k c . . mo rning to morro w night

blue

t ake let him take , capsule lint linen , po ultice

cer ate paper waxed paper small paper f o meal o d , W . REFERENCE LISTS , ORD STUDIES , ETC 75

A bbreviatio n E nglis h cito dis cito dis ensatur let it be dis ensed uickl p . p p q y coch o chleare s oo nful . c p

h chlear am lum desserts oonful co am . co e c . p p p c h f hleare infantis teas oo nful o c . in ant . coc p co ch ma co chleare ma num tables oonful . g . g p h m m chl ar m ium mo d desserts o onful coc d . o d . co e e ed . e ( ) ( p icum) co chleare p arvum teaspoonful co ctio boiling

cola strain

colaturae o f the s trained liquor

colatus - a - um strained , ,

collo dium collodion

collutorium mouth - wash

collyrium eye - wash

com o itus - a - um com ounded p s , , p

co nfectio co nfection

co ngius g allon conserva keep

co nserva a co nserve

co ns r du t s rinkle p e g e s , p continuetur let it be continued

continuantur remedia let the medicine be con

tinued co u boil q . coq e

co . ad m con co ue ad medietatis con boil to the consum tion q ed . q p

sum m o n m Of lf p . su p ti e ha c in o c . A in ufli ci n a suffi ci . co ue s e te boil in ent uan S . q q quantitate a qua e tity of water co que secundum ar tem boil according to art

co rtex bark eel , p ’ cra stinus - a - um o morro w s , , t cuj us o f which cy athus vinarius wineglassful

dosis do se

da give deaurentur pilulae let the pills be gilded Abbreviation Latin

deb s iss debeta s issitu o r r . p . p d a p ope consistence dec decanta . pour ofi d coc decoctum e t . decoction

- - decub . decubitus a um l in down , , y g in de di in di m de (1. de e e fromday to day de lut lutiatur g . deg let it be swallo wed l l r i a t . diebus a te n s h dieb . every ot er day die diebus tertiis b . tert r hir . eve y t d day i dividatur in art a l i D . n ae . p . q p es eq et t be divided into uales equal p arts dilue

dilutus - a - um ilu d , , d te diluculo at daybreak

di midi us - a - um one- half , , P r c r directione ro ria i h ro r r ctions D . di e . o . w t e di e . , p p p p p p dispensa dispense entur al d m D . t . (I . N o . iv d t es oses nu let four such doses be ero quattuor given divide di vide

dividendus - a - um b di d d , , to e vi e donec until durante dolore the pain continuing eadem the same

edulcoratus - a - um dulcorated sweetened , , e , ejusdem of the same electuarium electuary

emplastrum plaster emulsum emulsion

enema nema cl ster e , y episto mium stopp er exhibeatur let it be exhibited ex mo do p rescripto after the manner pre scribed extende spread al m ll xtende s er alutam s read ou soft leat er ut . o . e up p h mollem W T S E TC . REF ERE NCE LI STS , ORD S UDIE , 77

Latin E nglish

extractum extract

fia fiant make let it be made let fac, t , , , them be made flour febre durante the fever continuing

fervens

fl dus - a - um uid li uid ui , , fl , q fiat lege; artis let it be made according to the art

flavus - a - um ellow , , y

fluidextractum fluidextract

folius leaf

fructus fruit frus tillatim in little pieces fiat secundum artis let it be made according

ulas to the rules of the art fiat cataplasma let a poultice be made fiat ceratum let a cerate be made fiant chartae let papers be made fiat collyrium let an eye- wash be made fiat conf ectio let a confection be made fiat electuarium let an electuary be made fiat emplastrum let a plaster be made fiat emulsum let an emulsion be made fiat gargarisma let a gargle be made fiat haustus let a draught be made

fiat infusum let an infusion be made fiat injectio let an inj ection be made fiat linimentum let a liniment be made

‘ fiat mistura let a mixture be made

fiat massa let a mass be made fiant pilulae let pills be made fiat pulvis let a po wder be made fiat solutio let a solution be made fiant suppositoria let suppositories be made fiant trochisci let lozenges be made let an ointment be made LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

A bbreviatio n Latin E nglish

ar ar arisma ar l g g . g g g g e

l ct l ceritum l c r g y . g y g y e ite

r rn ranum or rana r i r r g . (g . ) g g g a n o g ains

rat ratus - a - um l asant g . g , , p e

utta r r gtt . g o g uttae d op or drop s utta t uttatim b dro g . g y ps H ho r h r . a ou h bt habeat let him h a . ave h h rum ilularum l t r f h ar il sum iv . a e fou o t ill . p . . p ese p s be mantur quattuor taken haustus draught hora decubitus at the hour of retiring

h oris intermedns at intermediate hours

horae unius spatio at the expiration of one

hour hora somni at the hour of sleep incide cut

in di es dafly infunde po ur in infusum infus ion

injectio injection

internus - a - um int rnal , , , e j entaculum breakfast juxta near lateri dolenti : to the p ainful side linimentum liniment liquor solution lo t lo tio lo tio n .

M mi mix . sce

M minimum minim

mac r m a cera te mac . e a

m - - m lar ma . a nus a u e g g , , g m m a m ass as . ass

n m m r m asure me s . ns r nsu a e , e u . e

r mb of bread mi . an mica anis c u c p . p minut minu m minute . tu

mi t mi ra mixture s . s tu W U E T C . REFERENCE LISTS , ORD ST DIES , 79

Abbreviation Latin E nglish

mi l mitte tales send such t . ta . mo d re c modo rescri to in th e manner rescribed . p s . p p p m r dic more dicto in th e manner directed o e t . m r l mo re solito in th e usual manner o e so .

mu mucila o mucila e c . g g

m m rada in n mm do no t d liv r unless aid n r s . nu . e t s s e u o e e e t . p

m ni er - ra - rum black g . g , ,

0 numer in number N . o n n r non re etatur let it not be re eated o ep . p p O o ctarius int . p ] Ol m il O . eu o

l a l m l O e t . o eatu O eate

l r leor ina l r in o eo es . o es o eo es a

M mni m n rnin . o a e e r m O . ve y o g mn ih b . o mn i r o . i b bo a every two h ours

o mn ho r o mni ho ra r . . eve y hour m N . o ni no t O . c e every night P o nd r . p e e by weight P t r r . , p . p e stetu let it be continued

ae . r P . p a tes aequales equal p arts

ic . r p art . v p a titis vicibus in divided doses il as . t ill as . ast um p , p p a small lozenge ’ ie am n c . ani pe nl. p cullum camelinum camel s hair brush pilula pill p o culum cup p ocillum small cup p ost aurem behind the ear p o tus a drink phiala p rius agitata after shaking the bottle

rae aratus - a - um r r p p , , p ep a ed p randium dinner p ro re nata o ccasionally p ro ratione aetatis acco rding to the age (o f the p atient) a pinch a p o wder pill bo x 80 LATIN F OR PH ARMACI STS

Abbreviation Latin E nglish

L . uantu t Q . q m libe as much as you please uan um l m . t acet as u Q P . q p ch as you please ua ue each r Qq q q , eve y uo u Qq . q q e h r h ra . o ua ue o ever h Qq . q q y our ia r S . uantum sufli c t o as m Q . q uch as may be sufh quantum satis cient quorum of which quantum vis as much as you please recipe take recens fresh redigatur in pulverem let it be reduced to pow der rep etatur let it be repeated secundum artem according to art scatula box

semi- drachma half a drachm

semi- hora half an hour sesquih ora hour and a half signa label Singulorum of each semel in di e once a day Si non valeat if it does not answer S i opus sit if it be neces sary si vires permittant if the strength permit m n turam a cor o r secundu a c ding t natu e, naturally

spiritus spirit semis a half stratum super stratum layer upon layer immediately let it stand

take

STUDIES I N NOM ENCLATUR E

PREF IXES

Certain re xes co mmonl derived fro m ad ectives re o si p fi y j , p p tio ns o r adverb s are frequently a ttached to th e begi nnings of words to al r ir in s A n understandin o f th e force te the mean g . g Of these p refix es will be fo und to be a grea t aid in mastering th e a rmac i l l if s l s is known a nd t h e eut ca vo cabu ar . us u ha ph y Th , p for ce Of th e re x sub under below is understo o d t ere is t en p fi ( , ) , h h no necessity fo r lo oking up on subsulphas a s a new wo rd to be a c ir r fr m o a tin and reek in qu ed . P efixes are derived o b th L G ; th e follo wing list th e o rigin o f each is indica ted by the letter G

o r L .

a o r an G not a se ticus no t se tic . ( ) , ; p , p

ant L a ainst antise ticus co unteractin utrescence . i ( ) , g ; p , g p

a o G r om a omor hina fr o m mor ine . p ( ) , f ; p p , ph

bi L two bisul has a salt co ntainin two sul ate radicals . ( ) , ; p , g ph

de L awa rom deodoratus de rived o f Odor . ( ) , y f ; , p

di tw i xi an o xide containin two ox en ato ms . (G) , o; d o dum , g yg

' e i G u on e idermicus u on th e skin . p ( ) , p ; p , p

ex L r om ex re s sus ressed fro m . ( ) , f ; p , p

l c G sweet l c rrhiza sweet r izome . g y ( ) , ; g y y , h

hexa G six h e as a salt containin six nitra te radicals . ( ) , ; xanitr , g

dro G water h drobromidum dro en fro m water hy ( ) , ; y , hy g ( )

bro mide .

o G under h odermicus under th e Skin . hyp ( ) , ; yp ,

mono G o e mon h dras a salt co ntainin one drate ( ) , n ; o y , g hy l ra di ca .

enta G ve entachloridum a c lo ride co ntainin five p ( ) , fi ; p , h g

chlorine a to ms .

er L thr ou h er xide containin mo re ox en . p ( ) , g ; p o , g yg

er ar ound r card um around the eart . p i (G) , ; pe i i , h

82 I N 8 STUDIES NOMENCLATURE 3 .

rae L be or e rae aratus made read before . p ( ) , f ; p p , y

r t rst rotoiodidum rst o r lower io dide . p o o (G) , fi ; p , fi

seud G alse seudo ervina false ervine . p o ( ) , f ; p j , j

ro G re h OS ha s a o s ate ro duced b fire . py ( ) , fi ; pe p p , ph ph p y

- - l o semi L one hal s emiuncia o ne a f unce . ( ) , f; , h

su L below subnitras a lower nitrate . b ( ) , ; ,

su er L a bove su ernitras a i er nitrate . p ( ) , ; p , h gh

su ra L above su rar enalis above th e kidne . p ( ) , ; p , y

ter G thr ee tersul h as a salt containin t ree sul h at ( ) , ; fi , g h p

radicals .

tetra our tetranitras a salt co ntainin fo ur nitrate (G) , f ; , g l radica s .

trans L across trans ersal s turned acro ss . ( ) , ; v i , l inin t ree nitrate r i l tri L three trinitras a sa t conta ad cas . ( ) , , , g h

ADJE CTI V E S

d iv — T wo di stinct r ou s o f wo rds are used as a ect es viz . g p j , adj ectives proper and par ticiples . T he formation of adj ectives is to o varied to admit of a complete classification here ; but it will be found pr ofitable to learn th e n in mm nl u e d gs most co o y sed . - icus s t and d alco holicus balsamicus carbonicus (I 2 , , , elasticus lacticus metallicus nitricus oxalicus h o s h o ricus , , , , , p p , li l sa c icus etc . etc . y , ,

- alis o r - ili s d ae ualis ammalis arsenicalis cerealis (3 q , , , , il flex is fr li l li li i li i ili . a i s acia s natura s Oflic a s s m s etc etc . , g , g , , , , ,

- Osus I st and 2 d a uo sus areno sus nitrosus oleosus ( q , , , ,

ho s h oro sus onderosus ra cemo sus eneno sus vino suS viro sus p p , p , , v , , ,

etc . e . , tc

-eus I st and 2 d aureus caeruleus laneus li neus ( , , , g , linteus lut us l h i r e u vereus t ro deus tinctoreus vit eus etc . , , p , y , , , ,

etc .

or - inus I st and 2 d alkalinus americanus ( , ,

florentinus montanus i i an eruv anus so catrinus vir ni us etc . , , p , , g , ,

et c . 84 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

‘ -ivus I st and 2 d adhaesivus laxativus s ivus eda ( , , at , s

tivus etc . etc . , ,

- ensis d barbadensis canadensis c i nensis colonien (3 , , h , is maicensis ortensis et s a c . , j , p , , etc .

Partici les are of two k nds acti e and i he act e ass e . T p i , v p v iv ar tici les end in - ans or - ens p p , which are equivalent to th e ' - - - n lis vn . T h e assi e artic l s E g h g p v p ip e end in tus or sus , which are e u lent to the E n l s - q iva g i h ed .

- ans o r - ens d absorbens ad u ans bulliens calli (3 , j v , , faciens corri ens deli uescens efiervescens emolli ens fervens , g , q , , , ,

ur ans etc . etc . p g , ,

- tus or - sus I st and 2 d ammoniatus enzoatus com ( , b , ressus com ositus decoloratus ex ressus h dratus o doratus p , p , , p , y , , r h r ae aratus sacc a atus etc . etc . p p , , ,

NOUNS

N ouns may be grouped conveniently as follows

l ts —All lem n x s oru and sul ur are E emen . the e e ts e cept pho ph s ph neuter no n f n l n i n n n in - os u s o the seco d dec e s o e di g um. Ph phorus is a masculine no un of the second declension and sulphur is a n f rs s d in euter no un o th e third declension . T he o the u e pharmaceutical titles are

carboneum

cerium

chlo rum

chromium cuprum ferrum

hydrargyrum hydrogenium iodum lithium magnesium STUDIES I N NOMENCLATURE 85 — N eutr al P rinciples T he names of neutral principles derived from plants are neuter nouns of the second declensio n ending in

- -i e are : inum (English n) . Th y

aloinum elaterinum santoninum amygdalinum picro toxinum saponinum chrysarobinum salicinum s trophanthinum

— n o f A lkaloids . T he names .of all alkaloids are feminine nou s

' - - T he ofli cial th e first declension ending in ina (Engli sh ine) . alkaloids are :

colchicina physostigmina homatrOpina pilo carpina hydrastina quinina hydrastinina S copolamina hyo scina sparteina hyoscyamina s trychnina morphina veratrina pelletierina

otive a i — h N eg R d cals . T e names of negative radicals may be classi ed accordin to t eir forma i n T he r s t fi g h t o in three groups . fi group is comprised o f neuter nouns of the seco nd declension end

in in - dum En lis - ide e ar g i ( g h ) . Th y e

ferrocyanidum io didum

oxidum

T he second group is comprised of masculine nouns of

declensio n endin in - is En l - i g ( g ish te) . They are :

arsenis nitt is sulphis chloris pho sphis

T he third gro up is comprised of masculine nouns of

declens on endin in - as En lis - t i g ( g h a e) . They are : 86 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

phosphas phenolsulphonas picras salicylas silicas

stea ras

tannas

tartras

thio sulph as

valerianas

TITLES I N T H E PHARMACOPOEIA

itles I n th e P armaco o eia ar listed in al ab i l r T h p e ph et ca o rde . Titles containing two wo rds are listed a ccording to th e follow ing metho d :

I . A noun in the no minative case follo wed by an adj ective a reein it is arr n m i used articul rl n h g g w h it . Th a ge ent s p a y i t e f ca a m l i . ses o cids . Exa e ac dum sul huricum p , p A 2 . noun in the nomina tive case deno ting a preparation fol lo r m le wed b a no un in th e enitive case deno tin a d u . Exa y g g g p , tinctur ii a Op . ll 3 . A no un in th e genitive ca se deno ting a base fo owed by a no un i l xam in th e no mina tive case deno ting a nega tive rad ca . E f le erri sul has . p , p Titles containing mo re th an two wo rds are listed acco rdi ng to th e same metho d a s that used in titles co ntaining two wo rds . I n the case o f an a cid o ccasionally mo re than o ne adj ective is

em l x m l i l h c ar maticum . o ed . E a e ac dum su uri um p y p , p o F requently two nouns o ccur co nnected by th e co nj unctio n et o r b th r sitio n I n th e fo rmer instance the two no uns y e p epo cum . are alwa s in th e same ca se in the la tter th e no un followin cum y ; , g i l a n h bl iv xam les a re res ectivel alumini s a w ys i t e a a t e case . E p p y et potas sii sulphas and hydrargyrum cum creta . I n the case of a preparation frequently an adj ective is added STUDIES I N NOMENCLATURE 87

l is ad ective usu ll a t the end of th e tit e . Th j a y a grees with th e

n d no tin the re ara tio n but ma a ree wit th r no u e g p p , y g h e d ug of x m which th e prepara tion is made . E a ples are respectively in u am h orata and tinctura O il deod r ti t ctura op c p p o a . LATIN - ENGLISH V0 CABULAR Y — - NOT E . F r rinci le i on and accent see a I o . p p s o f pronunc ati , p ges 4 Since th e proper placing of th e accent on the La tin word is determined by the len th of th e enultima e llable a strai h t line has been laced over g p t sy , g p every penultimate long vowel whose length could not be known from the eneral rinci le ef h l n h of o her vowel has no g p p s r erred to above. T e e gt t s t

been indica ted . I n the ca se of nouns the declension is shown by the genitive ending imme

diatel follo win he n n h en er b he letter m. f . or n. y g t oun, a d t e g d y t , , I n th e case of adjectives declension and gender are shown by the endings immedia tel followin e d ive Thus the endin s -a - m show that y g th a jec t . , g , u , th e word is declined according to the fir st and second declensions ; the ending - e sh o ws that the word is an adjective of two terminations belonging to the thi rd declension if no en is iven th e word is an ad ec tive of one termina ; ding g , j tion belon in t the thir l n ion ar tici les hav been classified a g g o d dec e s . P p e s ad ectiv j es . I n h e n t case of verbs the letter v. indicates that the word is a verb, a d the fi ure follo win h hi h i l r v n g g s ows th e conjugation to w c t be ongs . V erbs a e gi e

in the infinitive form. C

acetas -i tis In , , . acetate. aceticus - - m ic a u ad acet . , , , j . a ab r - e . with abl. b rom. acetonum i n ac e , , p p y, f , , . eton . eb n - s e s ad . absent. acet h eneti m , j p dinu , i, n . ab n — se fia ae f . absence. henetidi , , p n . ab t - - - solfi us a um ad . absolute. acetum i n vi e r , , , j , , . n ga . absorbe - - ns end s ad . a bsorbent. idita s ac atis f . acidit , , j , , y. abstractum -i 11 , , . abstract. ac co n and , j . . a - - - cacia ae f . acacia um A rabic. idus a ac m . , , , g , , u , adj . acid accurat - e a dv . accuratel . aconitina ae f aco , y , , . nitine.

- - - acer cris cre ad . shar . aconitum i n a , . conite wol , , j p , , , f sbane. acerbitas - atis f our e idi - . s n ss ac t . acus \ u f needle , , , y , s, . . acer - - bus a um ad . sour . ad re with acc . to u to . , , , j , p p . , p ace m - tanilidu i n . acetanilide. addere v , , , . 3 , to add .

90 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

antimo - mo l ar - i nia . n nialis e ad . ant um se i n . r e ic ; , j , , a s n .

mon m - n o a - im n . anti iu i . ant rtificialis e ad arti cial , , y , , j . fi .

- - ti a ti ri e. an rina ae f . n n asafoetida ae f a sa etid py , , py , , . f a .

nti - - a i - a se ticus a um d . ant asbestos i m as be tos p , , , j , , . s

s e tic llu - . as e s i m c d h p , , . o fis .

- —- i n nti a d erient a er e s e s . a . as e ticus a m a d e c p , , j p p , , u , j . as pti .

e idium - a erir e v . to o n . as i n a s idium male p , 4 , p p , , . p ,

- - a o ed . a ertus a um d . en er p , , , j p , f n

ho cover wi t ut . astri n ens entis ad a strin g , , j . g

- i m to oi t e a e ic s . n . nt p x, , p, p .

- iol - — iol 61is n . a . at r tra a l e b a ck. ap , , p , , trum , dj .

is a is f bee tr in - f a . . a o a ae a tro ine. p , p , p , , . p

- c m a - n m i n . a o nu C n aur antium i n a oc u . oran e. p y , , p y , , , g

m - he a inari i n ear u sitor . a ur u . s o dian mp. , , pp y

- f m r hi e — - l m hina ae . a o o n . a m a r a o de . apo o p , , p p ureus , , u , dj . g n

- - f dru stor e. h lié ca ae audire v . to ear . a ot . p , , g , 4 ,

- - m a ara tus . 11 l aratu us . aurum i o d . app s , , pp , , . g l f a is auris . ear . car I to . aur a li e v . pp , , pp y , ,

- er t con r f wat . au o aqua, ae , . , j . .

- e o - la d a d rta inin t a n a e f . r a . aqualis , e, j . p g xu gi , ,

water .

- - d water . a um a . aquOsus , , , j y

- - A r a bic um a d . . ar abicus , a, , j

- - f r ee. e f berr . r oris . t a a . ar bo , , b cca, , y

- - ll f d . i m . ba ci us . ae . an acillus arena, , s b , ,

- - h n bat . ilver . i . ar entum i n . s b ln eum g , , a , ,

- c - - ad l m . ba white la . cus a u ar ae f . alsami gilla , , y b , , , j ’ - a ica leo rd s c. f . rn a mi arni ca , ae , , p sa

- n l am. ba e balsamum i . ba s n . , ,

- - - b r m d . r oma ic i n . a iu um a a t . arium . aromaticus , a, , j b , ,

- - - bellad a m f . a u ad . aro elladonna ae onn ar omatisatus , , , j b , , , l h h e dead ni ts ad . matized . y g

well dv . f art. bene a ar s , ar tis , . ,

- - be z l e r te deh d m i n . n a d s m . a sena . b ensal u arsenas , ati , y , ,

- l e ica . h e. e ad . ars n d ar s enicalis , , j y

- - e ic b enzénum i n . benzene. i n . ars n . ars enicum, , , ,

- - benzin . e ite enzinum i n . itis I n . ars n . b ar s enis , , , ,

- - - m e zo e b n at . atis . d ar e us . nzoas um a . s no be arsenOsus , a, , j , , LATIN - E N GLISH VOCAB ULARY 9 I

- - - i . be bu inarium n nasal bou ie . ad . n benzoatus , a , um, j g , , g - l bulla ae f b i ter . . s zoated . , ,

- - - l a boi in . ic bulliens entis d . ad . benzo . benz oicus, a , um, j , , j g

- - bullir to boil. m a be e v . d . n benzoinatus , a, u , j , 4 , bu m - i n butter t ru . . zoinated . y , ,

m - n be z in um b nz in i . n o e o u , , , g B enj amin .

- l benz l lis n . be zo . o , O , n

- i m ca n enzo acao cacaOn s . cao . benzosulphinidum , i, . b C , ,

- code. cadinum, i , n .

- - mi m n . cad berb idis f berberis Or e on cad ium i um. eris , , . , g , ,

- - m a d decid r r t cadfi cus a u . uous g ape oo . , , , j .

- - - um ad l b n . betana h ca ruleus a . b ue. etanaphth ol, 6 1is , p e , , , j

- f i h h afi eina ae . ca e ne t ei e t ol c n . . , , ff ,

- l c h indec . n . a u ut t f . e a ee irc fi ti . be ula ae b tul sw t b . ca u , , , j p , j p

- i I n calamu swee biber o drink. calamus . e v . t s t , 3 , , , ,

ic na atis m bicar b ate . l s on . a . b arbo , , . f g

is a ce - - m ad calc twi . calcinatus a u . i ed . b , dv . , , , j n

- n i mu h m - n calc u b s t . calci i . i m. bismiithum, i, . u , ,

- I n l h te bisu a . f c r v . warm. bisul has atis . cal p , , p e a e e, 3 ,

- l h e - bisul iti m . bisu it . f n entis ad w hi s s cale acie s . armin p , , p , , j g .

i - a m bitartrate n - e f l b tartras tis . . cale dula a . ca endula ri , , , , , ma ol - l ill b us i I n . ar e . l , , g p go d .

- - d - - n m a d . wa m bo us a um ad . oo . a u r , , , j g calidus , , , j .

- m t - bora e. m h at. boras atis . e , , calor , 6 ris , .

- acis m b rax sodiu - f cal b bor . o m calum ae . um a . ax, , , ba, ,

borate f calci . l me. . calx, s , i

° - - - o bor c. b ricus a m a . i b u d cam e f am o e. , , , j bogia, a , . g g boro c um - n b r l - l rin i . o o h f ca h e m or . g y , , g y camp ora, ae, . p

- - cerin . um cam camph oratus , a , , adj . b os bovis m . ox . h , , p orated . b ium - n e - - ou b u i . i . m h a o ca oricus a u d . cam g , , g p , , m, j br i - e a h rt ev d . s . s o h ori c . , , j _ p britanni s - a - um ad B rit h - cu . is . a n . , , , j canade sis , e , dj Canadian . bromid - m i n . br omide u . n i f c ca nabis cannab s . a n bi , , , , n a s ,

hem p. brom m - i n bromine - - u . . cantharida um a c , , tus, a, , dj . an h buc u . n . 9 2 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

s - di f c h ris an ceratum - i n canthari i s . ant a S . cera te , , , p , , .

ceratus - a - um a d w xe . , , , dj . a

cerealis - e ad cereal , , j . .

ke ereolum - i e ca r . to ta c bou i e e v . n . wax p , 3 , , , g .

- ha ir um - ill s i m . ca u ceri i n . cer u p , , , , i m.

-i n c ic m a v icum . a s u C cetaceum i n c ca s s erma eti . p , , p , y , , . p

- enne e er . charta ae f a er p pp , , . p p .

- - c le. f ca sula ae f . a su hart l ae small a er c u a . p , , p , , . p p m - m e car atis . carbama ba as, , t .

a - m u e A erica o e carb sus i . a z . m n w rms ed , , g .

- m har al - h h la bo ni car b c co . hila e c i car 6 s . on chima a f . ima , , , p , , p , b la - a - m ad car i wa car o tus u . i s sse , , , j p p . chinensis -e ad Chines e , , j . .

- - m ca - f ch a a E ast cat holicus a u ad . r h r ta ae ir t , , , j c i a , , . ,

bolic .

- - iens a m ad sur i cal. chirurg , , u , j . g

l zed ralformamid m - i n chlor bo i . chlo u , , , — m o atis carbonate. carb nas , , .

m - i 11 car b - n chl l b neu . on . chl ral alis or a . car o , , o , , .

- - car m - ch a l i n . lor l oni s a um ad . ra u carb cu , , , j chlo , , .

- h e hl s m c at . oras ati . lor bonic . c , ,

m m - i n c rda - a - um ad chloric a mon . hloricus . . car damO u , , . c , , , j

f l h - h r e idum i n c lo id . s meat e . hl r Caro carni . s o . , , , f c , ,

- - - hl r m a . c o m i n . carawa hlorinatus a u caru , , y . c , , , dj

- m c ll i l ves . d o inate . caryophy us , , .

- - h r l ro o m. . c f rmum i n . c o cassia ae f as sia . chloro o f , , , ,,

- - h e l ice i n c l in . m n u . l s a ati s o t hlorum . or catap a , , . p c , ,

- - - th ta ae f ch colate. m ad ca artic . ocola . o cath articus , a, , j . ch , ,

- hr ma e h a s m c o t . mas ti . n cl n catec u . hro catechu, i de . . c , ,

- — h mic I n mi ons a um ad . c ro . . stem chro caulis , caulis , . , , , j

- - ch m um i n ro i . mium . f c u e r a . r u ae . a s e son o ca sa, , , ch , ,

- - - h drus I ris h um ad ca tic ndr us i m . c on causticus , a, , j . us . ch o , , ,

e ll ss . te adv car u . mo cau , . f y

- - hr sarobin . c r hr r obinum i n . c i f eda . sa cedrus , , . c y , , y

- i m ood meal. one hundred . cibus . centum, indecl. , , f ,

- - iner . ci i n . stra f um . a ae onion . cili cep , , . , ,

- - c mici u a icifu a ae f . i r ae f wax . cim ce a, , . g , , f g ,

- hosh blac co . i f cherr tree. k cerasus , , . y

94 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS co uere v b q , . 3 , to oil. cordiale - alis n cordial , , . . c iandr m - i n e s c n - - or u . cor ia nd r dama é us a um ad . Da , , . , , , j mas cormus - i m corm can , , . . .

‘ corn - - m I o ve fitus a ad h ed dare v . t i u . orn . . , , , j , , g corri ens - entis a d c r ecive deaurare v r l o r t . . to i d g , , j . , . , g . c i - - c decem in l e orros vus a um a d orro dec . t n . , , , j . ,

ive decim s - a - h s u um ad . tent . , , , j . cort - icis m bar ee decoctio —Onis f dec c i ex k l . o t on , , . , p . , , . cras dv tom r w decoctum - i n decoc i a o ro . . t on . , . , , crasse adv c r el decol ratus - a - um ad dec . oa s . o ol , y , , , j . em - i ed cr or Or s m cream or iz . , , . . creo - r b il Otum i n cr e e deco ue e v to o down . s osot . . , , . q , 3 , cr e - i - a - ee l Oli n cr e deco catus um ad . led so s s ol. rt . , , . , , , j p cresolic s - - defa atus - a - um ad r e u a um ad cresolic ec . ned , , , j . . , , , j fi .

ta - f d d de ad then cre ae chalk ein ein v . . , , . . , , cribrare r si deli uescens - entis ad de v to t: . , . , f q , , j c ibratus - - li ues cent r a m ad si ed . u t . , , , j . f q

- m c n - n s ad demulcent cribrum i n eve de ul e s e ti . , , . si . , , j , c - - m tenin is us a c r ed so . r a u l . p , , u , dj . f g

- - - bla c ton r deni ratus a um ad . k cro Onis n c oton . , , . g , , , j crudu - - ened s a um a d crude . , , , j . .

- — m o th c r stallin a a cr s dens dentis . t o . y us , , um, dj . y , , - i n denti r ce ium i . talline dentifric . . , , f

- - - - de cr stallizatus a um d cr s deodoratus a um ad . y , , , a j . y , , , j ed tallized odoriz . .

- - - clari ed m ad . r i a a u . c s cr . de ur tus y tallus , , m . ys tal p , , , j fi

- im I to sk . cubeba ae f cubeb des umare v . , , . . p , ,

- - - - m ad clar cubicus um a cub des umatus a u . i a d . , , , j ic. p , , , j

cucumi s cucum eris m cucum ed . , , . fi il I to dist . e destillat e v . b r . , ,

- - cum i h a bl wi h destinatus a um ad . distilled. re . w t . t , p p . , , , j

- - - m i 11 c er detannatus a um ad . deton cu ru o . p , , . pp , , , j

cuss o in l n o no ted . , dec . . k usso .

- - c anid m i n c a e deter ens entis ad . cleansin . u nid . y , , . y g , , j g

- - cleans e. c ath i m wi e lass deter é re v . 2 to us n . y , , . g g , ,

- - - c ri edium i n c ri edium dexter tra trum ad . ri ht as yp p , , . yp p , , , , j g ( ’ lad s sli er o osed to le t . y pp . pp f ) LATIN - ENGLISH VOCAB ULARY 95

- f e ce c h l efi ervescentia ae . erves n e. h n in cl n dia c on . diac lo de . y , . y , , fi

- - f dem he e m n o i o t sam . de e . a d dial s ed . e us dialysatus , a , um , j . y j (g ) , f

- - f r ubber . las ca ae . m m chromate. e ti dichr as atis . di o , , , ,

- - - - d el i c id indi elasticus a um a . ast . dictus a um ad . sa , , , j , , , , j

in m - i n elaterin ted e c ibed elater u . . ca r s r . , p , ,

- m - e erium la eri i n lat . dies m r f d . e t u . éi o . a , , . y , ,

- n lec uar con di re e electuarium i . e t e re v to di st. g , . 3 , g , , y,

- - di estive. di estivus a um ad . g , , , j g

- - le ch arum i n . oilsu ar di i talis alis f di italis ox e osac . g , , . g , f , , g

- s n elixir l ve elixir iri . . g o . , ,

- - e - nis f embr ca i mbr catio O . o t on . di a a n er d . e o gitatus , , um , dj . fi g , ,

- - - dila . e r es ced m n en s ad so enin e ollie s ti . t . psus , a , um, adj fi o . , , j f g dil - m m - n las er u diluble las i . t . bilis e ad . e tru , , j . p , , p

- i diluere t d lute m l en enfi s ad emuls in . v . o i . e s . , 3 , u g , , j fy g dilutus - a - d luted - f emulsi on di . emulsio Onis . . , , um , a j . , , dimi di - n h l s - e i m i n . muls on . um i a . e ul um , , , f , , dimidi - - h - c e um ad al . n a n enema l st r us a . e ema tis . . , , , j f , , , y dio dum - i n dioxide - - a e ter c te c a um d . n i xi . . n s , , e ri u , , , j , dis ensare i e e h e e I to d s ns . e e t tin s . v . n p , , p p rtaining to t i s disul - h - - hidum i n disul ide. blister e is c s a um ad . p , , . p p pas ti u , , , j divid ndus - a - m a d o be e u . t in , , , j g .

divide - e d . r a f e t urr ed r . e ta e . r o s go , , g , p y

dividere d e - l o ivid . n f e e v . t i eri eron o tis . r ron , 3 , g , , g , f domesti cus - a - um ad domestic bane , , , j . . .

dosis d is f dos e - os . is n r odict on . o t on n eri dic 6 . e i , , y , , y ,

drachma - f dra chm ae . er , , . y ba s anta .

dulcis - e ad wee h - - m d caus i c . s t. a t . , , j esc aroticus , a , u , j .

ductilis - e ad la ti c - e ce . s ia ae f en . . ess ent ss , , j p , , .

‘ duo dua d e o wo . u ad . t et con and . , , , j , j .

du le - icis a - x double. c d . ucal l n eu al tol e to 61is . p , , j yp , , yp , durus - a - m h u d . ad . ar cineol , , , j .

l - m o r f eucal tus euca tus i . . yp , , yp ,

blue um r ee g t .

- l eu enol 1i n eu eno . g , 6 s , . g

e ex re with abl r - . m out w . o mus a o . euon m i m . euon , , p p f , f y us , , y , edulis - e ad edible . . h , , j oo .

efi ervescen - nti e - s e s ad . erves eur ae d E uro , , j fl op us , um, a j . c ent. ean p . 96 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

eu atori um - i n eu n o f ium fiat fiant ub u c . e i . . ator s r p , , p , , , j fi

bonese fi - - I . t. r us cus , i o , . fig eva rat e I e fi rr e mad . o v . to eva orate. eri v i e . to b p , , p , . g e e filicis f er rom. fi x n . , , f lix, , . f

e ci iens - entis n xci e lter x . e i nt. filtrare I to . p , , p , v . , fi

e b re 2 ad fil m - e hi é v . to minister n lt r . x tru i . , , . , , fi

e r - an fi - l ube e cto ans tis ex ec an l ae f sma l t . x r t s . p , , p to . tu a, ,

- - d e ers e ertis a d . f ll ad xe . xp , xp , j ( o o wed by fixus , a, um, j . fi

- - h n r ee r m a ellow. o . fi avus a um d . t e g e . ) f f , , , j y

e r - a - - le ble m ad . ex re ed fi ad xi . x essus u s exilis e . p , , , j p s . , , j f

- - —- e atus a m ad dr ed fl r ntin um ad . F lor en xsicc u . i o e us a , , , j . , , , j e endere to s ead to xt v . r , 3 , p , fl fi m wer i o . exte os or s . nd . , , fl

- - - m n uidexlra ct. m d ead fl de c i . extensus a u a . s r ui ra tu , , , j p , xt , , fl

- h f uiddrac m. d fl ddra hma ae . extende . ui c , , fl

- - m e f uidounce. e a i n xtract fluiduncia ae . xtr ctu , , . . , , fl

- - d uid . fl s um a . uidu , a, , j fl

- - m a etid. d . foeti dus , a, u , j f

- lea . folium, i, n . f aba - ae f bean f , , . .

fac irr im r o f f r i m ountain s rin . e . ace e . fo font s . , eg . p ns , , f , p g

'

facere v . to make , 3 , .

fa ies - l I ace c ain . , é , . f . l

- - - facti m a f sha e orm. a i c l fo e . fius um ad . ar r a , , , j t fi ia . , , p , f

- - rmalde e f lour f deh d m i n . o farina a . ormal u , , f . y , , f fas cia - ae f banda e h de , , . g . y .

fasti iatus - a - um ad a er t in . g , , , j . p g

- mula . febris febri f ever formula ae f . or , s , . f . , , f '

fel fellis n le f rti r fortins ad . stron er . bi . o o , , . , , j g

- - - fermentatu m e e ad . stron . s a u ad . r fortis , , , j f , , j g

- - men ad rtis a um ad . stron t . fo simus , , , j g

f ermen m - i n east e st. tu , , . y .

- - - mentation . f erratu a um ad containin fotus us 111 . o s , , , j . g , , f

- br ittle ra ile. iron fra ilis e ad . . g , , j , f g

- - ferr i n erroc a i e rans antis ad . ra rant. c n d . fr o yanidum , , . f y ag , , j f g

- - la buck f a na f . ran u ferrum 11 iron . ran ul , i, . g , , f g ,

- h ot. fervens , entis , adj .

98 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

H

chloride haemato lon - Onis n hema . xy , , . h dr oc anicus - a - urn ad tox l lo woo y y , , , j . y on, g d . h droc ani c h m li y y . a ame s idis f . hamamelis , , , h dro enium - i n h dro en hh y g , , . y g . witc azel . h drOsus - a - um ad h drous haustus - us I n dra u ht y , . , , j . y , , , . g . a ueous water h edeoma - ae f hedeoma enn q , y . , , . , p y h droxidum - i n h droxide r o y , , . y . yal. h oscina - ae f h i e . osc n . h elonias - adis f helon as y , , y , , . i . h osc am ina - f h c ae os amine. h e ar h e atis n liver y y , , . y y p , p , . . h os c amus - i I n h osc amus - y y , , . y y , h erba ae f . her , , b. h b en ane. h erbaceus - a - um ad her ba , , , j . h nal - alis n h nal. yp , , . yp ceous . h od ermic - a - h yp us um ad . o h exameth lenamina - ae f hex , , , j yp y , , . dermi c ame h le m e . t y na in . h o h o hi - itis m h h s s . o os hir fi - a - i l yp p p , , yp p s tus um ad . r , , , j b st y . hite . hirudo - ini s f leech p , , . . h o h os h orbsus - - um ad yp p p a . h omatro in - ae f h matr o ine , , , j a . o p , , p . h h h o os or ous . h ra - f h r yp p p o ae . ou , , . h osul his - iti m h hi e yp s . osul t . hordeum - i n barle p , , yp p , , . y . hume c n - n s a d deli ues s e s , e ti , j . q

cent. h - - e w t. umidus , a, um, adj .

- ibidem a he a h ulus i I n ho s . in um . dv . t s me lace , , p , p .

m - n merc r ch th ol - n ch h i . u h r i Oli s . i t ol drar u . y gy , , y y , , y .

- s m h drate i i m e h . n i ydras , ati , . y ig s r gn s r fif

- f h dra ne m - - m e e sti . i matfirus a ad . unri . hydrastina, a , . y , , u , j p

- f h dra t nine im licat I e vel h drastinina ae . s i . e v . to n o . y , , y p , , p

h dr f h drastis m - a - a ure s i firus um d . im . hydrastis , y as ti , . y . p , , , j p

- - m a d h dr ated r h th a . in e . wit abl in wi cc . h atus a u . . ydr , , , j y , p p . ;

- a - d h dr int a io o . hydriodicus , , m , j . y

incisus - um ad cut into , , j .

- - m ad ece c a u . i hydrobromi us , , , j p s .

- - I nd an . h dr br omic indicus a um ad . i y o . , , , j d nducere to induce to s ea . i v . r , 3 , , p

- - h dened ar . induratus , a, um , adj .

- - - - in a ed a . infla um ad . t . hydrochloricus , a, um, dj tus , a, , j fl

r h cc b low . wit a . e infra , p ep . LATIN- E NGLISH VOCAB ULARY 99

- - m ad a anese. infundere to our in to a onicus a u . J , v . 3 , p , j p , , , j p - le m i n u . julapiu , , . j p

- - f uni er . l uni erus i . n unne . infundibulum, i, . f j p , , j p

h c ext to . it a c . n infu ar I i us e uxta re . w s e v to n . , . , f j , p p infusio - f u io in s n . , 6 nis , . f infi isum - i I I in usion , , . f .

- f la inha tion . inhalatio, 6nis , . - iu um i n otass m. kali , , . p - ha atio inhalatum i n . in n , , l . - li kao n . kaolinum, i, n . - f e ' ec o in ction . inj ti 6 nis . j , , - n keratin . keratinum , i, . in ectum - i n in ection j , , . j .

ino . o d l n . k kin , in ec . - - innocuus a harmless . , a, um , dj . m - f krameria kr eria ae . a , , , inodOru - a - rless s um ad . odo , , , j , any . in er s ere v . o s r nkle u on . p g , 3 , t p i p

ins issa - a - ins i s p tus , , um, adj . p d sate . l lac lactis n . mi k. instanter adv . instantl , y . , ,

- - m c d l tic. instillare v I to instil lacticus a u a . , . , . , , , j a

- l h - tis m la cto insufi atio Onis f i u atio l ctO os has a . ns n . a , , . fl p p , ,

h e ha e inter re . it acc betw en ho s t . w . , p p , p p

- c ium a n . lactucarium i n . la tucar mo g , , ,

intra r with ac h le tuce c . wit in . t . , p ep .

- - inunc f l na ae f bottle. inunction . a e . tio , Onis , . g , ,

i - - lla - a f a el a h late datus um ad d zed lam e e . l m l t in . o a io i . , , , j . , , , p

iodidum - i n dide - ae f wo l lana . io . . o , , . , ,

f - - - - e iodo orma an a um ad w ol n . tus a um ad iodo l eus . o , , , j . , , , j

mized i - I n la s idis . stone. f or . p , ,

- f rd c r la a ae . la a bu o k oot. pp , , pp ,

i dolum - - l - o i n iod l late icis m mi k uice. o . x . , , . , , j

iOdum - - - i n iodi e latus a um ad wide. n . . , , . , , , j

i eca - - h l cuanh a ae f c laurocera s i f c err laure . i e ac. su . p , , . p , , y

iris - idi s f ir lavand - a f avender is . ula e . l . , , . , ,

i - ta ad . thu l an ative v so s . ax s an tis ad . la x . , , , , j

it - - - - ali ens laxative. a um ad I talian laxativus a um ad . , , , j . . , , , j

lenien - n a d o hin e so t . s , tis , j . g

lenis - entle. I , e , adj . g

- - h lentu . ou s , a, um , adj t g . abo di indecl n a b r le tandr - f e ta dra ul ran o andi . a ae . l n C j , . . j p , , p , ’ ala a - ae f la ver r t . a o j p , , j p. s o . I OO LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

levis - e a li h m - d . t in wei ht a i . ster tri m , , j g ( g ) g , , . mas ter .

ma nesium - i n ma . nesiu g , , g m. l men - —- i a tum i n . li am ma n ent. us a um a d lar e . rea g , , g g , , , j g , g t. li neus - a - um ad e ma or - . wood n . 6 ris lar e ad . r g , , , j j , , j g . l num - i n wood ig , , . . lim n - 6 nis f e - - o mon . mal . l u a um ad b , , s, , , j . ad . lim idus - a - um ad clear mane a . dv in . . the mornin p , , , j , g . l c - I n l nctu l c - in tus i . i s e e uar man an m t . u i n man a e , , , y g , , . g n se. linimentum - n me mann - i . lini nt a f . ae mann . a , , , , . linteum - i n line manu - . n . s us I hand , , , , . . linteus - a - um a li en d . n , , , j . linum - i n lins eed - - . a mari tim xseed . us a um ad marine , , , fl , , , j . . li uare v . I to li ue q , , q fy . li uefacere mel h v . to t. oarhou q , 3 , nd . li uefactus - a - um ad li ue q , , , j . q d fie . land .

mascerare v I o . s , , t oak. ma a - f ss ae . , , mass . or - O m li uor so u o m e v li u ris . l t a car i n . ti I o ch t ew. q , , q , s , . , lithium - i n lithi m mastich e - e f c . u . s mas i , , , , . t . lobelia - e f lobel a I mater - ae f e a . a ia , , i , ndi n , , . mat rial. b c matico in to a co . decl n . atic , . m o . l n - a - um ad o us l n . o g , , , j . g lo - s f ot ch l n l ion . ma m e tio 6 ni . n , , amo i .

- - wa h maturus - - lo a um ad . ed a m a ri e tus . u d . . , , , j s , , , j p lubr can - an ad lub c i ma m s - - i at n . u um ad lar es i s tis . r a , , j g xi , , , j . g t, l n - e f u a, a , . moon .

- - m e w eat luteus a u ad ll ed . , , , j . y o . medi - a cinalis , e, dj . medicinal. l dium - i n l co od medicus - a - um ad medic l ycopo , , . y p ium, , , , j . a . medius -a - um ad middle e tab e sul hur . v ge l p , , , j . sized m iu , ed m. m d ll -a h u a e f . it marrow. e , , p , l me me n . h e , llis , on y . men - ruu m i n . menst m. macer e v I macerate to s ak. str uu ar , . , to , o , ,

- - n r a measu e. i f ce me su a n I . r macis , dis , . ma . , , t - men ha, na, f . mint.

1 0 2 LA TIN F OR PHARMACISTS

ovum - i n e , , . gg .

o l - at:is m xa as oxala te. , , .

obd c - - u ere v . to coat. oxalicus a um ad xalic. , 3 , , , , j . o

obturatus - a - um a - d . s to ered o dum i n xi . ox e. , , , j pp . , , id

occidentalis - e a d wes er o enium - . i 11 ox t n . x , , j yg , , . ygen .

o ctarius - i m m . int. ox el ox melli e and , , p y , y s , n . hon y to in l a h o c dec . d ei t , j . g .

l - m ocu us i e e. , , . y

dor - Oris m r o odo . , , .

Odorare v I to er u e , . , p f m .

odoratus - a - um ad odorous allidus - - um d l . . a a . a e , , , j p , , , j p .

Ofi cialis - e d o cial har ancreas - atis f c a . i ma an rea , , j fl , p p , , . p s .

- - co oeial. ancreaticus a um ad an p p , , , j . p

fi cinalis - e ad h c c o used in e reati . , , j . t

h um - i n c s o . ancreatin an reatin p p , , . p .

l - n e n m e o eatum i oleat . is a is . an br ad , , p , p , . .

l i - a - um a l c annus - m h o e cus d . o ei i . clot . , , , j . p , ,

leoresin - ae f oleoresi a aver - eris n a n . . o . o , , . p p , , p ppy

le sa ch arum - n u ar arafi inum - i n ara i o c oils . . n . o , i, . g p , , p fl

' l u a - um araldeh dum - a eh e o eos s ad . o l i n . rald d . , f , , j i y . p y , , p y

l - 11 are I O eum i . oil ar v . t re are , , . p , , o p p .

li - e f aratu - a - a ar o va a . olive s um d . re ed . , , . p , , , j p p ‘ - e - e f ir olla ae f ar ar ira a . are a . , , . j . p , , p

- d all eve ars ar tis f . ar omnis e a . r . t. , , j , y p , p , p

— - - - v mall O ertus a um ad covered ar ifiOrus a um ad . s j . . p , , , j p , , —, - hthalmicus a um ad o h owered . op , , , j . p fl

- - m ad ver small. thalmic ertainin to the e e arvulus a u . , p g y . p , , , j y

- - - um ad al um ar us a . sm . o n ium meco um. l i i . o ni p , , p , p v , , , j

- - - o timus a um ad be t asta ae f . aste. p , , , j . s . p , , . p

- tillus i m a ile. O us o eris n wor as . st p , p , . k p , , p

- - - - d havin uciflOrus a um a . u ord na . a ordinari s , a, um , adj . i ry p , , , j g

- ien e a e ew owers . or talis d . east r , , j n . f fl

- - l er f c ectoralis e ad . ectora or za ae . ri e. y , , p , , j p , p h he h tainin to t e c st. ut . os , oris , 11 . mo g che e tus ectoris n . st. 0 5 ossi n bone. c , s , . p , p ,

- - wors e. o u m d belon in to e or e us a d . vill s , a, u , a j . g g p j , p j , j

- i er e. a shee elletierina ae f . ellet in p. p , , p

is o is f shee o . v , v , p. LATIN - E N GL I SH VOCAB ULARY I 0 3

- h horbsus - a - um ad h endens cutis ad e h os . os w i in . p , , j . g g p p , , , j p

dere v w h horus . en to ei . p , . 3 , g p

- h - i m h h s orus . hor nicillum i n o os us . e . small rush p , , b . p p , , p p

- h iolo icus - a - e iculus i m mall h s um ad . n s brus . p , , . p y g , , , j

- h siol ical Onis m o . e o e m n . . o u ki p p , , p p , p p p y g

in - h sosti a - atis n h a um n . sosti m e s i . e si . p p , , p p n p y gm , p y g ,

- - Cala bar bea n e tonatus a um a e . p p , , , dj . p p tonized h sosti mine - ae f h so . p y g , , . p y i mi e e r r with s t n ser ine. e e . a cc . hr u h p , p p t o g . g , ’ lat h tolacca - ae f h erco I t er c . tolacca oke e v . . o ola e p , p t . p y , , p y , p

- ercolatum i n ercol e root. p , , . p at .

r l - i mentum - n i e cO um i . m i n . er c l ent aint p , , p o ator p g , , p g , p .

rm n - l - ae f ball e i a . a anas atis m er man . p g , , . p p , ,

o ina - f il car ae . . iloc anate. a i g p p , p rp ne.

ersio - 6 f ilocar us - i m l nis . cu be r i ocar u a b d a . . s p , , p p , , p p , j

eru ianu - - or ndi v s a um ad P eru a . p , , , j . ilul - ll vi an . a ae f . p , , pi .

e i um - n imenta - ae ssar i . e r f me ssa . i nta all p , , p y . p , , p g ,

im - - ce ess us a um d s i . a wors t. p , , , j . p

essus - i m in u do - in es ar é is f . at p , , . p s y . p g , , f .

talum - in ui - a d e i n e l s e . at ta . att p , , . p p g , , j f , f y .

etrolatum - er - is n e n i er . r l e . i . etro atum p , , p , p p , , p pp

' vas eline i erina - ae f . p p , , . piperine.

h armaceuticus - i eritus - a - um a d d . e e urn a r . p , , j . p p , , , j p pp y

ha rmaceutical iscis iscis m . sh . p . p , p , fi

h ellus - i m c r i f ch o . ic s . it p , , . k pix, p , p .

h enol -Olis n he l r lasma - atis n l . no ca o c . asma p , , p , b li p , , p , non

acid . att o ntmen f y i t.

h enolatus - - m lasmar e v I a u d he . to mould a no . p , , , j . p p , ,

- lated . latin l i um i n . at n p , , p um.

h enolsul h - a m lum - onas tis h bum i n . lead eno . p p , , . p p , ,

sul honate l imus - - um a . ur a d most p p , , , j . .

h en - 1is h l n . en l lus luris a or e . m . p y , y , p y p , p , dj .

hl la - ae f h - a . l luvi e a r ial i a . v alis d . ain . p , , p , p , , j y

h os has - atis m ho do h - n . llum i odo h l s hate. o l p p , , p p p p y , , . p p y um,

h os h oratus - a - um ad ho ma - a le p p , , , j . p s y pp ,

hor d - ate . madum n d o i . p p , , poma e.

hos h oricus - a - um d h matus - - a a os o a um d . er p p , , , j . p p , , , j p taining to a les pp . r o 4 LATIN E OR PHARMACIS TS

nderbsus -a - un1 ad he - —um owder o av . ulvereus a ad . p , , , j . y p , , , j . p y nderis n we h ondus o . i z I to ulverize t. ul eri at e v p , p , g p v , . , p . - f r ion o Oni s . o t m orti . ulveris owder p , , p pulvis , p , . p .

i h - t r . w t acc . a ter e m u ce os e um icis mi . p , p p f p x, , . p

- f h - otas sa ae . otas . ur ur in p , , p p gans , antis , a dj . p g g .

- - - tassium i n . otass um a at ve o ur s a um d . ur i . p , , p i . p gu , , , j p g

- - - Oni s f . drink u ed otio . catus um ad . ri . p , , purifi , a, , j p fi

- dr - - ur e tus a s I n . ink. e ad l o ur ur us a u . . p , , p p , , m, j p p r e re th abl be e - - d P ursh wi . or . urshianus um a . p a , p p . f p , a, , j

ian .

- - ci i ted a m d ure. ta urus u a . p . p , , , j p

are I o r e re - n rethrum el rae ar v . t a . rethrum i . p p , , p p py , , py , p

- rae aratio 6nis f re arati on litor . p p , , . p p . y

- ' - m - - m ad ro e ara s a ad re ro allicus a u . pra p tu , , u , j . p py g , , , j py l c ared a li . p . g

l - Olis n ro allol rae bere v rescr be ro allo . p scri , . 3 , to p i . py g , , py g ,

- d is f e cr ro allic aci . raescri tio On . r s i tion p p , , p p . py g

- - - n dinner roli eOsus a um ad . ro randium i . n p , , . py g , , , j py

- l 11 e s li neous . r s . pre um , i, . p g

- - - a s m ro h os has ti . rim s a um ad rst. p u , , , j . fi pe p p , , py

- hos hate m bl ck alder . s a . prino , i, . p p - i n rox lin h l r be re n ro linum . ro r wit ab . o o i x p , p ep . f , f , py y , , py y ,

r o collox lin s oluble un cotton . p oportion t . y , g

- - f ill box is n n s d ros xis idis . x procumbe s , e ti , a j . p py , , p ; py

ch artacea owder box . trate. , p r e r i a c near p op , p ep . w th c . .

- um ad r er proprius , , j . p op , Q itable su .

- - - i a um ad er uantitas atis f . uantit . prote nicus, , , j . p q , , q y

- - much as . uantus a um ad . as tainin to rotein . q , , , j g p ~

- - - us i f r une runus ir in uartus a um ad . ourth . prun , , . p ; p v g q , , , j f

- ch r uas sia ae f . uassia bitter iana, wild e ry . q , , q ,

- w od ubescens entis ad . down . o . p , , j y ,

- ni m un uattuor indecl. ad . o r . ulmo 6 s . l . p , , g q , j f u

- k. s f . uercus oa quercus , u , q ,

- bark. l r ze uilla a ae f . uilla a soa lverare I to u ve i . pu , v . , p q j , , q j , p

- - - l uini na ae f . uinine. ad . u perveratus , a, um , j p q , , q

ad . ve. quinque, indecl. j fi r o 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

° - heal h . nitas aus f . t e sa I to s arate. , , s eparat e , v . p

m - i n antal a ntalu . s s u ders m nd l a v sa n . e te i ec . d . s e en , , , s p , j .

- f ica L eva - - c antonica ae . santon nt tic a um ad s e ti s se us . . , , , p , , , j p

w eed - - h m ad s eve t . orms . e s a u n s ptimu , , , j .

ninum - i n s a t - to . n oni en a llow . n . n s . san , , s eque s , ti , dj fo ing

- —um ad h - nus a . s ane eal h n l a icum i . s i k. s t . s er , , , j , y , . ,

- m - - Oni s . s oa i l e s a o . ericus a um a d . s k n . p , , p s , , , j

ius - a - um a d s - - urd in nar m ad . c l . o . oa eri arus a u sap , , , j py . s p , , , j g

arilla - ae f r rill n - ae f er entaria a . sa sa a a r e tar ia . s sars p , , p . se p , , p , i n safras nd cl. . assa ra e t e r inia snak roo . sas ; s f s . Vi g

d e u h - f tis a v . no . erra ae aw s . sa , g s , , .

- - l - - d saw a a cu ivated a um a . ativus um d . t sert ul tus a s , , , j . , , , j

- he aturatio 6nis f . saturation t ot d s , , . o .

- - um a d e - a t d e i n . s erum. aturatus . s atura rum s , , , j . s , ,

- ammonium i n s camm ervare I to res erve. c . on . v . s , , y s , , p

- f box - ae f o e and one- hal a ae esuncia . n s catul , , . . s , , f

- f ill sea onion unces . s illa ae . s u . o c , , q ,

- - i m co ar us r m e i n suet. s co arius . s i b oo . um . p , , p , s v , ,

- f l in l. ad . six . e s co o a . e dec s copOla , a , . p s x, j

- - - ixth . l min a um ad . s a ae f sco olamine. e s s copo a , , . p s xtu , , , j

- h l m cru ic a dv s o t us . cru u us i . s le . s p , , p . s , ,

- a f ll cat e I to dr . tellari ae s cute aria c v . s cu . si , , , , , y

- - d dri e . llca siccatus a um a d . s ku p. , , , j

- - a d dr desic i h c cc d ccus a um . r w t ac . a or secundum , p ep . si , , , j y, d n o cate . i g t .

- - el n I to la b . c d Si at e v . us a um ad . s e on s ecund , , , j . g , ,

- - s uietin si natura ae f . s i nature. s edans , anti , adj . q g . g , , g

- - - ilar m ad edat ve s e a d . like sim . a u . simili s edativus , , , j s i . , , j ,

- - - le m . f h l sim lex icis ad . si a e a ound . s elibr , a , . f p p , , j p he l o et r . l o ce simu adv . t n . s eme , adv . , g

- is f mustard . is Sina . n s n s eed . Sina s eme , ini , . p , p ,

- - m mustard oul m ismus i . hal . e s si s . one Sina s emi s , s mi , f p , , p

ice. m r v lwa s . t s e e ad . a p , y — - f muslin . d n oni s . en en s ad . ever sin o sempervir s , ti , j , ,

i h abl wi thout. ree sine re . w t . g n . , p p

- - ene a ae f s ene a s ene a sna ke sinister tra trum le t. B g , , . g , g , , , f

- m s rin e. si h o 6ni s . root. p , , y g

- - f smilax . mil acis . enn ae f s enna . s ax s a, , . , , LATIN - ENGLISH VOCAB ULARY I 0 7

- m l enci . stilus i . p , , — an ad . stimulati stimulans , tis , j ng .

onium - i n stramonium stram , , . ,

- so um n d u thorna le leaves . di , i, . s o i m. pp

- la er . l s m stratum i n . so s un . , soli , . , , y

- - m - u i n tronti m. l dus lid strontiu . s so i a um ad . so , , , j . , ,

- - ha ol b luble stro h anthinum i n . s tro n s u ilis e ad . s o , , j . p , , p l tio -6 s f lu so u ni . so tion , , . hanthus - m stro han strop , i, . p

- - hu solfitus a um ad di lved t s . , , , j . sso . n - f ch i e h in ae . str n n is e str c a . sol ere v . t d v v , 3 , o sol . y , , y

- - - a ic . mn i m e st ticus a um d . s t t so us sle . , , . p yp , , , j yp

- - is m tora x s orbilis e a drinka ble st ra ac . s . d . x , , j . y , ,

- r ith a o r a l u er w cc b . nd . in b e . s arte a ae f . ar e e su . p , , sp t in . , p p

- - m c ba etate. e ies i f s eci e ubacétas atis . s u s c s . s p , é , . p , ,

m - nas - atis m ubcar ifi i 11 ubcarbo . s s ec cu s eci c . s p , , . p fi , ,

i e - bona e s t . lia ae f . s i a r ot eli ink o . p g , , p g , p

- - - er e s n c rk. s irituOsu a s r tu sub ri . o p s , , um , adj . pi i , ,

- - ous b eratus a um ad . cork. . su , , , j

iri tus - alla - ti s m ub alla e s us m . s ir sub s a . s t . p , , p it. g , , g

i - - - a - a bl e s atus a um a d h c blimatu um d . su im d ss t i ened . su s . p , , , j . k , , , j

is - - m - m ni r sus a a h c bni tras atis sub t at . s u d . t i su . e p , , , j k. , ,

on - f b c - m ub a c S a ae li las atis . s s li . s on e su sa p gi , , p g . y , , y

O - - c s uarr sus a um ad a ate. q , , , j . s ly . l stannum - i n ti ubsul has - atis m ubsul hate n . s . s . , , . p , , p

- sta hisa ria ae l f ter r ith a c or l s ta h a r a sub e . w c . ab . p g , , . p is g i , , p p

tave c . s sa re. under

- stare v . r t e d . ubtilis e ad . n s ubtle to s an s . , , , , j fi , statim adv immedi tel uccinum - i n m er . s . a b . , a y . , , status - s 111 d c - m u ce state c ion u cus i . i . . on it , u , , . s , , j stearas - a is m ea a ce u i ce t . st r te. sufi re v . to s to be , , , 3 , fi ,

stearicus - a - um a c e u d . steari . no h , , , j g .

sterilis - e ad ile ufi n - n . ster cie s e tis ad su ci ent . s i , , j , , j . fl .

sterilisatus - a - um a l - - m ad ertai i d . ter us a u n n to , , , j s suil , , , j . p g iliz ed . a ho g .

stibium - i n a imon - m e . nt l l hat su has atis . su , , y . p , , p . ’ stilli ia - ae f illin ia uee hi - itis m ul hi e . s t n s sul s . s t . ng , , g , q p , , p

- root. h onal s n h l sul ona . sulp , ali , . p 1 9 8 LATIN . F OR PHARM ACISTS

l h oneth lme han m - i - - su t u n . sul tartaratus a um a tar p y , , , , , dj . h eth lm ha on et ne. p y trated . sul honmethan m n ul - - u . s tartari cus a um a c d . tar ar p , , , , j t i .

ho metha e - m n n . rtr atis r a ta as . ta tr te p , , . sul hur - s n l h - h uri . su ur . e a i tennis d . t n diluted p , , p , , j , .

ul hura - a - tus um ad . ul r h s s e adv . r ce p , , , j t , t i .

h - urated . ebé num i er n. terebene p t , , . sul huricus - - um a d l - a . su eb thina e f er in a . ur e e p , , , j t , , t p ntin .

huric. t ri ur e terere v. o t t at to rub. p , 3 , , sul hurbsus - a - ad ul in m - i n r um . s er u te p , , , j t p , , . pin .

h - urous . t ra ae f ear h p te , , . t .

mbul ind cl n u bul musk r - m su e . . s m e sul has atis . ter sul hate , , t p , , p .

root - - m ad thi d . ertius a u r t , , , j . . m ndus - - m be - f coatin su e a u ad . to ae , , , j testa, , . g .

- taken h e oculum i n teacu ul. . t ea p , , . pf

m - ma tis n he ro a . ere a e eobrO a . t ob m su , v . 3 , to t k . th , ,

- l a ve. m hi hate. r r with a c or ab . bo sul has atis . t osul su e e . hio p , p p c . t p , , p

- - n h ol l 61is t m . su orium i n u ositor . h mo t s . pposi , , . pp y t y , , y

- m h r ith ve us i t me. ra e h m . w acc . a bo . sup , p p . t y , , y

- - l e i n th roid land . su rar enalis e ad su rarena roid um . p , , j . p , thy , , y g

- - h roid . a bove h e r oideus a um ad . t t e kidn y . thy , , , j y

- s m or f i n ti lium. ho . lium . sus , sui , . . g tig , , g

- - - incture. ertain ctfira ae f . t sylvaticus , a, um, adj . p tin , , l in cl n . o u i o a or l de . t . ng t f est. to u,

- - - m lu . t fi i m s ru ; tolutanus a u ad . o To sy pus , , . y p , , , j f - - wool tomentdsus a um adj . y T , , , - - m o ed u ad t ast . tostus , a, , j .

- - - le a m ad who . tabella ae f ablet otus u . t . t , , . , , , j

- - blette ae f mall ablet to cum i n . oison . ta . , , . s t xi , , p

- hand over to ive. m i n alc tradere v . to cu t . tal , , . , 3 , , g

- - talis e ad s ch tra acantha ae f . tra acanth . , , j . u . g , , g

- i h across . f amar tran s re . w t acc . tamarindus i t ind . , , . , p p

- m n e traum aticus - a ta nat . tannas , atis , . , ,

- - ic ma tic ertainin to wounds . te nuious a um ad . tann . , , , j , p g

- - hre h s o tres tri a ad . t e. tus um a d . so muc tan , a, , j , , , j reat g .

- r m n ar xa cum dan trichloracetic. ta axacu . t a , i, ,

- i r ide. del trioxidum n . t iox ion . , ,

I I O LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

- s ad . reen . viri di , e, j g

- - a d o onous . a um . is vit Osus , , , j p

- ison . irus i m . o v , , p xantho lum xy ,

lk o e . vitellus i m . o , T , y f gg

t s f ra e vine. itis i . v , v i , g p - — l o itr s a um a d . ass v eu , , , j g y, f l g ass .

- l i 11 . ass . vitrum, , g v — al ilis e a d . volatile. at , , j

t r i - — volu zea - e f z a um ad . a l v lum cus . ea cor i o S , , , j , , , n s k.

ze lanic s - - um l ic a ad . o metr . e on y u , , , j f C y . zinc m - f v ce. u i n i vo vocis . oi . z nc x, , , ,

- zin iber - e l s ad common . t i n i er v ari e . n . u g , , j g , s, . g g E N GLI S H - LAT I N V0 CAB ULAR Y

- - ra ted aeratus a um. ae , , , with acc after ost re . . , p , p p r with acc bout circa r e wi h cc a ainst contra e . . a t a . , , p p. g , , p p

- bov er re c a e aetas atis . a e su . with ac , p , p p . ; g , , , f

h c air aer aeris m. su ra re . wit a c p , p p . , , , absence absentia - ae albumen album en - ini s n , , , f. , , ,

- - absent abs ens entis . alcoh ol alcoh ol Olis n . , , , , ,

- - lcoh olicus - a absolute absolfitus a um . alcoh olic a , , , , , ,

- - m i . absorbent absorbens entis . aldeh de aldeh du n , , y , y , ,

- aln s - i abstr act abstractum i n alder u . , , , . , —, , f - acacia acacia ae all omnis e . , , , f. , ,

v v I . accordi n to secundum e alleviate to alle ar e . g , , pr p. , , ,

w h cc ll im n - a ic e ta e . it a . a s e p , p , , f

- - a ra tel accur a alkalin alkalinus a um . ccu te adv. e y , , , , ,

- - acetanilide acetanilidum i almond am dala ae . n . , , , , yg , , f tat a - alo al ac étas atis alo es e oes . e e c m. , , , , , , f a c ti ac - - m - tic . aloin alo n i n e c e us a um i u . , , , , , ,

- - - a cetone acetOnum i alternate alternus a um . , , , n . , , , ac h n ti in l h - et e e d acet h eneti a t aea alth aea ae . p , p , , , f din m - i n - u l um alfime inis n . n . a , , , , ,

a id acidum - - c i alumin m aluminum i n . n . u , , , , , ,

- - ' a cid acidus a um . al a m r w s se e adv. , , , y , p ,

acidit ace bitas - a i r - r tis . ac di ambe succinum i n . y , , , f , , ,

- - - tas atis A merican americanus a um. , , f. , , , aconite aconitum - i mmoni ammoni - a n a a a e . , , , . , , , f aconitine aconitina - ae mmonia oniacum - i . a c amm n , , , f , , ,

across trans . re with a cc ammoni oniatu . ated amm s , , p p . , , add to er add e v. , , , 3 .

- - - adh e i dh aesivus um . s ve a a ammonium ammonium i n . , , , , , ,

- - ad uvant ad uvans antis . am dalin am linum i n j , j , yg , ygda , , . administer to administrat e v I a m l am l - lis . n . , , , ; y , y , y , e hibé re v 2 x . . and et ac c n , , , , o j . 1 1 2 LATIN F OR PH ARMACISTS

—- - anh drous anh dri cus a um . arti cial ar tificiali y , y , , fi , s , e ; facti animal animal - lis - - a n . , , , tius , a, um .

animal m - ani alis . t co e as u n . , , , j ani m - i se anisu n . as much as uantum adv uan , , , , q , . ; q

- - - - annual annuus a um . tus a um el r . ad , , , , , , j .

- - - antacrid antacridus a um . asafetida asafoetida ae , , , , , , f. anthemi s an th emis - idis bestos - . as mian a tus i m. ashes , , , f , , , ; antidi htheric antidi hth ericus t s - i p , p , o , , m.

ase tic as e ticu - - p , p s , a, um.

an imonial m nia - - t anti o lis e . as idium as idium i , , p , p , , n. antimon antimonium - i astrin nt ri - n . e ast e y , , , g , ng ns , enfis .

tro ine atro - a ina ae . p , p , , f _g anti rine anti rina - a py , py e . , , f B antise tic antise ticus - a p , p , ,

- - a erient a eriens cu . bacillus bacillu i p , p , tis , s , , m. a iol a iol - lis bad malus - a - um p , p , O , n. , , , .

a m - ball ila - ae oc nu a oc num i n . . p y , p y , , , p , , f ' a o hin - alsam bal - mor hine a omor a ae b samum i n . p p , p p , , , , , nda f - a ia ae . . b e asc f g , , , f - r m r - a r a iu ba ium i n . a atus a aratus us m. b pp , pp , , , , , - rk - a le ertainin to omatus a ba cortex icis m. pp , p g , p , , , , , l h - bar e orde m i n . y , u , ,

h - l at balneum i n . a to a licare v. I . b pp y , , pp , , , ,

- - - a ueous a ubsus a um h bean faba ae . q , q , , ; y , , , f - - drbsus a um. bee a is a is . , , , p , p , f - - f r w a n cc. ra arabic arabien a um . be o e a te re . ith e , s , , , , p p ; p ,

- bl e h with a . ro . wit arnica arnica ae . re . r , , , f p p ; p , p p - - aromatic r mati a um. abl. , a o cus , ,

- - - arom ar ma a um . belladonna belladonna ae i atized, o tisatus , , , , , j g

around or e below infra adv. or re . with , pr p. , , , p p

with acc. acc.

- benzaldeh de benzaldeh dum -i arsenat ars e atis m. e, nas , , y , y ,f ,

- arsenic ar senum i . arsen n . , , , n ;

- - icum benz ene b enzénum i n . , i, n . , , ,

- - enzin m i n . arsenical enicalis e . benzin b u , ars , , , ,

- - oa benzoas atis m. arsenit ar enis itis m. benz te e, s , , , , ,

- - - - benzoatus a um. a . benzo ated rsenous , arsenbsus , a, um , , ,

- - oic benzoicus a um. a rt are artis . benz , , , f , , ,

I I 4 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

cardamom cardambmum - i n , , , . r f l ca e ul caute . y , , adv ca ao cacao cacaOnis m - c . cascara sa rada rh amnus i , , , g , ) ;

- - cade cadinum i n . urshiana ae , , , p ) , f. m - - ca d ium cadmium i n . c ia as sia a ass c e . , , , , , , f ff in cafi eina - ae - ca e e . castor in s ric u i m. , , , f , , , u iiti decl ca ut ca u in . n . cat chu ca ch l e te u i ecl. n . j p , j p , , , nd ; p a e Calabar bean h osti ma - atis cat h mbit ecl. s ec u a ind n . , p y g , , , g ,

- - n . cathartic catharticus a um . , , ,

lam amus - i - ca l m. c us ca ause causa ae . , , , , , , f - - - - calcined calcinatus a um . caustic causticus a m es , , , , , , u ;

l - - - ca cium calcium i n . char , , , oticus , a , um .

al n nd la - a - c e dula cale u e . a n r m c e ne e e ca sicu i n . , , , f y p pp , p , , California um lant rindelia cedar drus - i ce . g p , g , , , , f - - i a r m . e . ce ate ceratu n , f , , , l mba calumba - ae cer al cer alis - e ca u . e e , , , f , , . h r — - m hor cam o a a ceri m i . ca e . u cerium n p , p , , f , , , cam h orat d cam h ora s C e lo n ze lanicus - a um e tu . p , p , y , y , ,

- ch alk creta ae . , , , f r - - m - i i c m h c m hori a ch a o mil nth emi s s . a o i ca cus um . e a d p , p , , , — , , f - Canadian canadensis . charco al carbo 6nis m. , , e , , ,

- cannabis cannabis cannabis ch eno odium ch eno odium i n . , , , f. p , p , ,

- cantharidal cantharidatus ch err tree cerasus i . ch err , , y , , , f ; y

- laurel laurocerasus i . , , , f h r - ch - cant a ides canth aris idis est ectus oris n . , , , f. , p , ,

cao utchouc cao tch ou c ch e o masticar v. I . u c nde l. n . w t e , , i , , ,

- - ca a cit ca acitas atis chi ma hila chima hila ae . p y , p , , f. p , p , , f — - ca sicum ca sicum i Chines chinensis e . n . e p , p , , , , ca la - a hir - a le ca s c ata chirata e . su u e . p , p , , f , , , f

- - c r a i ho colat ch ocolata ae . a aw carum n . c e y , , , , , — , f - ar ama a h o ndrus ch ondr us i m. c bamate carb s tis m. c , , , , , ,

- - - hl ra carbolated carbolatus a um . chloral chloral alis n . c o , , , , , , ;

- - - carbolic car bolicus a um . lum i n . , , , , , carbolic acid h enol - Olis chloralformamide chloralf orma , p , , n . ,

- - - mi d . carbolized carbolisatus a um . um i n , , , , ,

- - r hl r atis m. ca bon carbo Onis m. c orate chlo as , , , , , ,

- - - rbon bonas ati chloric chloricus a um . ca ate car s m. , , , , , ,

- - - carbonic car oni a m chloride chl ridum i n . b cus u . o , , , , , , ENGLISH - LATIN V O CAB UL A R Y 1 1 5

- - - micifu a ae . chlorinated chlorina s a um . cohosh black ci , tu , , , , g , , f ;

hlorin chlorum - i blue coh osh caulo h llum - i c e n . , , , , p y , ,

f - chloro r r f rm i . o m chlo o o um n . n , , ,

- - i in nummus m. chromate chromas atis m. co , , , , , ,

- - - ch romic chro ions a um . colchicine colchi cina ae . , m , , , , , f chromium chr omium - i colchicum colchicum - i n n . , , , , , ,

— - - r a hr l fri idus a um . ch s robin c sarobinum i n . co d y , y , , , g , , cimicifu a if - llo di on collodium - i n cimic u a ae . co g , g , , f , , , - - inch ona cinchOn a olloidal colloidalis e . c a e . c , , , f , ,

- - inchoni dine cinch oni a ll lin ro linum i n . c dina e . co ox x , , , f y , py y , ,

- - inch onin cin h coloc nthi s idis . c e ch onina ae . colo c nt , , , f y , y , , f

- - cin l ucal tol 1i olor color Ori s m. eo e 6 s . c , yp , , n , , ,

cinnaldeh de cinnaldeh dum colo r to colorar e v. 1 . y , y , , , ,

- - l red coloratus a um . co o , , ,

- cinnami c aldeh de cinnaldeh co mmer cial venalis e . y , y , ,

dum - i mmfinis - e vul aris n . co mmon co , , , , ; g , cinnamon cinnamOm m - i e u n . . , , ,

- citrate citras atis m ound to com onere v. . m. co , , , p , , p , 3

— - - citrat d ci - m situs a um . e tratus a um. co m o und co o , , , p , p , ,

- - - - citric citri m re s a um . cus a um . o m r ssed co ssu , , , c p e , p , ,

- - cl de . clarified de ut atus a um. conduran o conduran o in , p , , g , g , Cla ” 1113 “3 3 y , 3 : , f n . cleanse to deter r n r d concentratus - a é e v. 2 . conce t ate , , g , , , ,

cleansin deter - g , gens , entis .

- - - cl r m . ea li idus a um . confection confectio iinis , p , , , , , f ;

close to claud t m - i e e v ec n . , , , . 3 . conf tu , ,

clo th ann - i - us m ni i n . m. coniu co um , p , , , , ,

cloves car h ll - - e o us i m co nserve cons erva a . , y p y , , . , , , f

- - - co arse rossus a um . co nvallaria convallaria ae , g , , , , ,

‘ co arsel cras s dv v e a l r efri erat e . I . . coo to y , , , , g ,

coat to obduc - ere v. co aiba co aiba ae . , , , 3 . p , p , , f co atin testa - a - g , e . CO er cu rum i n . —, , f pp , p , , co a - c coca ae . co rdial cordial e ali s n . , , , f , , , ' cocaine co in - - ca a i n . ae . coriander coriandrum , , , f , , , co chineal coccus - i m - h ellus . or co rk sub er eris n . , , , , , , ; p , co deine codeine - ae , , , f. co dfish m h - - - orr ua ae . as ellus co rk beratus a um . , , , f ; , , su , ,

c rm - i o cormus m. , , , 1 1 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

corn ilk ze - e - s a a . da e ai di s m. or , , , f y , , ,

- correctin corri ens entis . deadl ni htshad b elladonna g , g , y g e, ,

corro iv orr i s - - - s e c os vu a um . ae . , , , , f cotton o s ium - i d c u - - s n . id ous cadficus , g yp , , e , , a, um.

couch rass triticum - i d coctio n de o - n . e cocti 6 ni s . g , , , , , , f ; cou h tussis tussis decoc - . i tum n . g , , , f , ,

- - - - covered o ertus a um . decolorized decoloratus a um . , p , , , , ,

cranesbill eranium - i d li ue c nt eli ue en - en n . e s e d sc s , g , , q , q ,

cr am - - mor 6 . e cre ris m tis h es e en . , , , ; um c ns , tis

- - creo sot creo Otum mul n e en . e s i n . de ce d mulc s entis , , , t , ,

cr ol l - 6 f - s cr 1is . n e eso n de ti ric dentifricium i . , , , e, , , n

- - - - cresolic cresolicus a um . deodorized deodoratus a um . , , , , , ,

- - - croto n croton 6 s m icc s . ni . desiccat d u a um , , , e , s , ,

—- - - crude crudus a um . detann ted detannatus a um . , , , a , , ,

c mb - e n de ru di ach l n diach lo n cl. n . mi ca a . o i , , , f y , y , ,

- - - - crushe ontfi um d l al sa a m . d c sus a . ia s d di tus u , , , y e , y , ,

- - r l us i ch r omas ati m. c sta cr tall m. di mate dichr s y , ys , , o , , ,

l - cr sta line cr stallinus a di est to di erere v. . y , y , , g , , g , 3

- - - cr stalli zed cr stallisatus a di estive di estivus a um. y , y , , g , g , ,

di italis di italis di italis . g , g , g , f

- - cu a diluble dilubilis e . beb cubab ae . , , , f , ,

- - cubic cubions um . dilute to diluere v. . , , a, , , , 3 . cucumb r - eri dilu d dilfitus - a - um tennis e cucfimi s s m. te , , , , , , ; ,

- - cudbear ersio Oni s . e . , p , , f

- - mminuer e v. . cultivated sativus a um . diminish to co , , , , , , 3 ’ - - ul r r e e di n er randium i n . C ve s o ot l tandr a a . n , p , , f , p , , - cur a dio id dioxidum i n . dle to coa ul t e v. 1 . x e , , g , , , ,

- - curdli n s eri arus a um . di s ense to dis ensat e v. I . g , p , , p , , p ,

- - curled cris us a um . di stil to destillat e v. I . , p , , , , ,

- - c h r hl o ere s ill d destillatus a um . ut t o ou t concid v. di t e g y , , , , , ,

ol solvere v. . 3 . di ss ve , to , , 3

- - - - m . cut into i ces incisus a um . dis olved soliitus a u ( p e ) , , , s , , ,

- - di ul h d di ul hidum i n . c ani um i n . y de, cyanid , , s p i e, s p , ,

- m i to di idere v. . c ri edium c ri ediu i n . di v de yp p , yp p , , , , v , 3 divi d o b art dividendus de , t e (p ) , , D

- - - d n elion m dom tic omesticus a um. a d , taraxacu , i, n . es , d , ,

- - D amascan damascénus a um . do se dosis dosis . , , , , , , f

1 1 8 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

- - e e o culus i m. followin se uens entis . y , , , g , q ,

- e e ertainin to o hthalmicus fomentation fomentum i n . y , p g , p , , , , ;

- fotus , us , m.

- i - - m e e wash coll r um i n . fo od cibus i m. alimentu y , y , , , , , ; ,

n .

f r h a o ro e . wit bl. , p , pr p

f r m - e o m for a a . , , , f f cies - éi f r fa . o m to f e v 1 . a ce ormat . , , , f , , , fat in ué do in uedini s formaldeh de formaldeh dum , p g , p g , f. y , y ,

- fa in is e . t n . , p gu ,

- - f n l foeniculum i f rmula form l ae . en e n . o ua , , , , , , f fermenta - - ex - fermented tus a um . fo rmular cod icis m. , , , y , , , filici x f un ain f ns fonti . fern fili s . o t o s m , , , f , , ,

- - - ferroc anide ferroc anidum i n fountain fontanus a um . y , y , , . , , ,

tid —a - d c ad e f . fetid fo us um . our uattuor in e l. , , , , q , j

- - e f ri f r h a um . fever f bris eb s . ou t uartus , , , f , q , ,

- - fifth uintus a um . fox love di italis di italis . , q , , g , g , g , f

- - - fi fi s i r s f il fr il s e . cu o u . ra e a i g , , , f g , g ,

- - fil i fr antis . filter trum n . fra rant a ran s , , , g , g ,

fil e - ae r o I fr n a fr n l . filte t trat v. . a ul a u a , , , g , g , , f

- fine subtilis e . free fro m ex er s ex ertis ad , , , p , p ; j

- - fin r d i ita a . e ge e d g tus , , um followed by g n .

- fi re i nis i nis m. fresh recens entis . , g , g , , ,

fir s - a - - ni s st ri u um . frictio n frictio 6 . , p m , , , , , f b h ci ci x w h abl. a a s s s s r m e e re . it fi i is m. f o , p , p , , , , p p ; , ,

fi uin ue indecl. ad r h a bl ve . e . wit . , q q , j p p

fix x s - - - ed fi u a um . fruit fructus us m. , , , , , ,

- - axs d i ntis . fl ee linum n . fumin inmans a , , , g , ,

- - fleabane eri eron ontis funn l infundibulum i n . . e , g , , f , , ,

- exible fl exilis e . fl , ,

fl d - uid ui um i n . fl , , ,

- - uid fluidus a um . fl , , ,

fluiddra hm fluiddrachma - ae llic - - c . Ga alliens a um . , , , f , g , , fluid xtract fluidextractum - i llon con us - e n . i a i m. , , , g , g , ,

fluidounc fiuidun ia - ae t c mbi d c . e . l a ambit in e . n , , , f g , g , F lorentin fl orentinus - a - m - e e um . a bo e cambo ia a . , , , g g , g , , f r f r - e - ou a in a r l m . a . a e ar aris a atis n fl , , , f g g , g g , , r flo fl - owe s oris m ar c m i n . fl . li alliu , , , g , , , E N GLISH - LATIN VOCAB ULARY I I 9

- i r l ranulum n . as as asis n . anu g , g , g , g e, g , ,

- - aulth eria aulth eri a ae . ra e uva ae . g , g , , f g p , , , f

- i ra evine vitis vitis . auze carbasus m. g , , , g p , , , f

- - rass r men inis n . elatin elatinum i n . a g , g , , g , g , ,

- - r en iridis e . elsemi um elsemium i . e g , g , , n g , v ,

- - - entian entiana ae re cinereus a um . g , g , , f g y , , ,

- entle lenis e . rind to rendere v. . g , , g , , p , 3

- u en s ene rindeli a ri ndelia ae . en s u ris n . g , g , g , g , g , , f - - i r n um er uaiac i acum n . e a i anium i n . ua g , g , , g , g , ,

- - l - O erman ermanicus a um. uaia col uai aco lis n . G , g , , g , g , ,

- German ch amo mile matricaria uarana uar ana ae . , , g , g , , f

- um ind cl. . ae . ummi e , f g , g , , f

- ea e I . um A rabic acac ae . ild to d urat v. ia g , , , g , , , f in er zin iber - e s um- bearin mmifer - a ri n . u g g , g , , g g , g , ,

- - d e O . to ar v r . mm dere v. . umm sus um ive . tra u a g , , , ; , 3 g y , g , ,

- lacial lacialis e . g , g ,

land landula - ae g , g , , f. lass vitrum - i r c - i n . hai a illus m. g , , , , p , ,

— - - - la s vitre s rl l er bra m . s u a um . h ai ess ab bru g y , , , , g , ,

lo ul lo - f dimid b e bula ae hal s emis s emis sis m. g , g , , f. , , , ; lut n luten - ini - e s . i i n . g , g , , n um, ,

- - - l c rin l cerin i h alf dimidius a . e um . um g y , g y , , n , ,

l cerin t l - a ed cerinatus h ama melis h am amélis idis . g y , g y , , , , f

- h and manus us . , , , f

- - - l cerite l ceritum i h ar d d s m . n . uru a u g y , g y , , , , ,

— - - l cerol l cerin h ardened indut atus a um . um i n . g y , g y , , , , ,

- - - l cer l l cer l rm . lis n . h a l ss innocuus a um g y y , g y y , y , e , , ,

l rrhiza l - - c c rr h al h tas atis . hi za ae . e t sani g y y , g y y , , f , , , f l hizin - - c rr l c rrhizinum health sanus a u1n . g y y , g y y , y , , ,

n . h ar . e to audire v. , , , 4

old urum - i n - a . heat calor Oris m. g , , , , , ,

- - olden aureus m . a u h eat t o tundere v. . g , , , , , , 3

- - - - o o d bonus a um . heav onderdsus a um . g , , , y , p , ,

- - o ose ans er eris m . hedeoma h edeOma ae . g , , , , , , f raduall r datim - a dv. a hellebor e ver trum i n . g y , g , , a , ,

rain r anum - i - g , n . helonias h eloni as adis . g , , , , , f ramme r mm - a a atis n . hematox lon h a e m a t o x l o n g , g , , y , y , ranulated ranula s - - g , g tu , a , um . 1 2 0 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

' hemlo ck oison conium - i n h o c amus h os - . d c amus i , p , , , y y , y y , , m.

h em Canadi an a oc num - - l h n l alis . i n . h na a n p , , p y , , yp , yp , ,

h enbane h osc am s - h - u i m. h o derm c odermicus , y y , , yp i , yp , a, herb h erba - ae , , , f.

- - herbaceous h erbaceus a um . h o h o s hite h O h o s h , , , yp p p , y p p p i s,

hexameth lamine h exam eth la - itis y , y , m. mina - ae . h o h os h orous h o h os h or , , f yp p p , yp p p h oarh ound marrubi m - i - - - u n . s s a um . , , , O u , ,

h o matro ine h omatrO in - e h hi - a a . osul hite h os ul s itis p , p , , f yp p , yp p , , hone mel mellis ho n . ne and y , , , ; y m . vine ar ox mel ox mellis g , y , y , n .

ho s humulus - i p , , , m.

h r - - o ned cornfitus a um . , , ,

- - i h t f e en e é . o rv s entis . ice laci s , , , g , , f h r h - ich h ol ichth ol - Olis ou ora ae . t n . , , , f y , y , , hundr cent m m atel statim ad ed indecl. ad im edi v , u , j . y , , .

h drastin h dr s ina - e im ure im firus - a - um e a t a . . y , y , , f p , p , , h r - wi h ace a d astinine h drastinina ae in in re . t . nd a bl y , y , , f. , , p p . r n i - - m h d asti h dr tis h dras I di an ind cus a u . s as tis . y , y , y , f , , , h drat h dras - I ndian tobacco lobeli - ae e atis m. a y , y , , , , , f.

- - - - h drated h dratus . in ated infiatus a um . y , y , a, um fl , , ,

h h - - nfu o nf re v r drio dic driodi s i se t i usa . . y , y cu , a, u1n . , , , h r r - nf n sio - O d ob omic h drobromicus a i usio infu nis . infil y , y , , , , , f

- sum , i, n . h ro r inhalation halatio O d b omide h drobromidum in nis . y , y , , , , f - inhalatum , i, n .

- - h dro chloric h dr ochloricus a in ectio n in e ctio oni s . in y , y , , j , j , , f ;

- - - - e i . um ; muriaticus , a, um . j ctum, , n

h dr o chloride h drochloridum in or der th at ut con . y , y , , , j

- - ins issated ins issatus a . p , p , , um

- h droc anic h droc anicus a instantl instanter adv. y y , y y , , y , ,

in in tillat e v. I stil to s . , , ,

- - h dro n h dro enium i insuflI ation insufi atio 6nis . e n . y g , y g , , , , , f

- - h drous h dr bsus a um . into in re . with a cc. y , y , , , , p p

- - h r inun ion inunctio 6nis . d oxide h droxidum i n . ct y , y , , , , , f - m - h ae iodid iodidu i n . oscine h os cina . e y , y , , f , , , - n m - h o sc amine h osc amine ae iodi e iodu i n . y y , y y , , , , ,

- - iodiz d iodatus a um . . e f , , ,

1 2 2 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

li uo r li uor - 6 ris m - m . aster ma ister tri m . q , q , , , g , , l h m lithium - i ma - it iu n . stic mastich e es , , , , , , f.

- - - little arvus a um . mat ial materia er ae . , p , , , , , f l r h e ar h e atis ma i ive n . t co matico i de l n . , p , p , , , n c .

li lobelia - ae ma tri ria - lobe a . ca matric ia e ar a . , , , f , , , f lo wo o d ha ematox lon - Onis ma - l h - n . a odo ll um i n . g , y , , y pp p, p p y , ,

- - - lo n lon us a um . meadow saffro n lchi i co cum n . g , g , , , , , l i n lotio - Onis m s - t o . eal cibu i o m. , , , f , , , h - i - lo z en e trochi sc us m. t o measur e mensfira ae g , , , ; , , , f.

- tula ae . meat o c car arnis . , , f , , , f lubricatin lubricans - anti me o um i - s. c ni O um i n . g , , , p , ,

- 6nis m l - - un ulmo m. edica medi c s l u um . g , p , , , , a, lu in lu ulinum - i - - medi cat d medica s . ul n . e a urn p , p , , , tu , , l co odium l co odium - i medi inal m dic s - n . c e inali e y p , y p , , , ,

medium - ized medius S , ,

l o li f me t t ue acere v. . , , q , 3

m - - elted fusus a um . , , ,

- - ma s idi s m r m n . mace ci . enst uu me struum i n , , , f , , , t cer e n h l e - r te o ma at v. I me t o m nth ol Olis m ace a . n . , , , , , ,

’ o fie l r al - be n v r e . e i ercu i mercurialis e . made t . i r t t m , , , g ; , ,

h - be made fiat. mercur drar r m i n . , y , y ygy u , ,

- - - n ium ma ne i m m allic m e allic . ma es s u i n . et t us a um g , g , , , , ,

f ere r e - i ke to ac v. make m te m trum n . m a , , , 3 ; e , , ,

- fac . meth l meth l lis n . y , y , y ,

— - - h a e s a um . m alt maltum i n . met l ted m th latu , , , y , y , ,

- - - m th lic meth licus um . man anese man anum i n . e a g , g , , y , y , ,

nn - m th lthio nine m eth lthionina manna ma a ae . e , , , f y , y ,

- - m anner modus i m. ae . , , , , f

- - m z ereo n mezereum i n . m r inmar o ini s m . e a g , g , , , , ,

- - n e mezer eum mezereum i n . mari old cale dula a . g , , , f , , ,

- - - - - med s a um . r mar itimus a um . middle sized iu ma ine, , , , , ,

- - mitis e . marrow medulla ae . mild , , , f , ,

- milk lac lactis n . rr bium marrubium i n . ma u , , , , , ,

- - - e lk ex s m. m arshmallow althaea a . mi uice lat ici , , , f j , , ,

- r land mar landicus mi neral mineralis e . M a y y , , ,

- minim minimum i n . , , ,

- h - e min men a . mass massa ae . t t a , , , f , , , f

- - mit at d miti atus a um . molis . i e , f g , g , , ENGLISH - LATIN VOCABULARY 2 2 3

mix narro w- leaved an ustif olius - a mix to mis cére v. 2 to , , , ; , g , ,

to ether commi scére v. 2 . g , ,

- - i - i n l o u ie b narium n . mixed mixtus a um . asa b g , ug , , , , , — - l douch e collunarium i n . mixture mistfira ae . nas a , , , f , , , - onobrom t d monobroma natural naturalis e . m a e , tus , , , h wi t a cc . n ar ro e adv. or re . e , p p , , p p

- - mo noh drate monoh dras atis needle acus us . y , y , , , , , f

- - n no s a um . m. ew, vu , ,

- wi th a cc . moon luna ae . next uxta re . , , , f , j , p p ‘ o x n i mo re lus luris . ni ht no oct s . , p , p g , , , f in h ni r t nitras mornin t e mane ad . t a e g ( ) , , v , ,

- - - mo r hin mor hina e nitric nitricus a um . e a . p , p , , f , , , - - i r ar mo r um i n ni rite nitri s tis m. mo t , rta i , , . t , , ,

- - m t lurimus a um . nitroh dro chlo ric nitroh dr ochl os , p , , y , y

- - - icus um . m uld modulus i m . ot a o , , , , ,

- - l r itro s nitrO a um . mould to asma e v. 1 . n u sus , , p , , , ,

f - - - i m ri m . moulded usus a um . noo n e di es é , , , , , ,

- h ri . mo 0 8 o s n no se na us i m . ut , , , , s , ,

- - mou h w h collutorium i no t non . t as n . , , , ,

- - - much multa s a um . nourishin nutriens entis . , , , g , ,

- - l m cila o mb r numerus i m . muci a e u inis . nu e g , g , , f , , ,

- - m i . muriatic uriaticus a um . nut nux nuc s , , , , , , f

- - - mushro om a aricus a um . nut all alla ae . , g , , g , g , , f

- - k o ch i n m m r stica ae . mus m s us m. ut e i , , , g , y , , f

- k r umb l. v ca mica nux omi . mus oo t s ul indec n . nux vo , , , , f d n - muslin sin o onis . , , , f i mustard S ina s Sina is . , p , p , f mustard oultice Sina ism - i p , p us , ,

- m. o ak uercus us . , q , , f m ri tic m ristica - r - do od r ti . s a ae . o o 6 s m y , y , , f , , , m rrh m rrh a - ae rl - a - . odo ess inodOrus m y , y , , f , , ,

- - o do rous odoratus a um . , , ,

- ofli cial ofli cialis e . , ,

il l - o O eum i n . , , ,

m nomen - inis - na e n . oilsu ar oleosacch arum i , , , g , , ,

hthalene na hthalé num - e - na i . leosa n . p , p , , n cch arum, i,

n h h l na hthol - 6 1i il l - - a t o s n . O O eé a um . p , p , , y , sus , ,

n rrow an ustus - a - um in - i a . o tme t un uentum n . , g , , n , g , , LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

n m nt - ox n a - aral h - oi t e b u uill ae . de de araldeh dum i n , g , , f p y , p y , , . o l l - i ar ir - eate o eatum n . e a areira ae , , , p , p , , f.

- - o leic oleicus a um . art ars artis , , , p , p , p , f. l r in l r ina - t - o eo es o eo es ae . as e asta ae , , , f p , p , , f. l v - a til - o ive oli a ae . s e astillus i m , , , f p , p , , . l ral - o nce seme adv. ecto ectoralis e , , p , p , .

- - - o ne unus a um . eel cortex ici , , , p , , s , m.

one and a h alf o unces s esuncia eeled decorticatus - a - , , p , , , um .

- lle i rin ll - ae . e t e e e tierina e ae . , f p , p , , f

- e llit h e o ni n e a a . e or r et rum o c i n . , p , , f p y , py , , l - O en to a et it e v. . enci stilus i m p , , p , 4 p , , , .

- - - o ened a ertus a um. enn ro al h edeOma ae p , p , , p y y , , , f. o hthalmic o hthalmicus - a e er i er - eri p , p , , p pp , p p , s , n . e ermi nt mentha i erita p pp , p p , f. - i - o ium O ium i n . e er eritus a n un p , p , , p pp y , p p , ,

l - v sin e inum - or aut ve e . e s i . , ; ; p p , p p , , n

m - i to niz d t - - o ran e aurantiu n . e e e onatu a g , , , p p , p p s , , um .

- - - o rdi nar ordinarius a um . ercolate ercolatum i y , , , p , p , , n . r r t b erberis - idis ercolate to ercolat e re o n a e oo v. 1 . O g g p , , , p , , p ,

er colator ercOlum - i p , p , , n .

- f m o unce uncia ae . er u e to odorare v I , , , f p , , , . . m n o x os bo is m . e r a anate erman a , b , v , p g , p gan s ,

‘ - atis - atis s m. oxalate Oxala m. , , , ,

- - - - ox alic oxalicus a um . Peruvian eruvianus a um. , , , , p , ,

lli vi r i n bark cinch - ll l vi fe s bo s n . Pe uv a ox a fe bo s bna ae . g , , , , , , f

- - xi oxidum i n . essar essarium i e sus o de, , , p y , p , , n . ; p s ,

- x n ox enium i n . o y ge , yg , ,

et l etalum - i p a , p , , n .

etrolatum etrolatum - p , p , i, n . harmaceutical h cus p , p armaceuti ,

- - - i m ntum i n . a um . p aint, p g e , , ,

- - - ale allidus a um. h armaco oeial officialis e p , p , , p p , , ,

- h n l h n l - a is . e o e o 61i ancreas ancr eas t s n . p , p , , f p , p , ,

- - - - n r a ic an creaticus a um . henolated h enolatus a um . p a c e t , p , , p , p , , m - h n lsul ho n h en l l h n r atin ancreatinu i n . e o ate o su p a c e , p , , p p , p p

- mall a r n - ati m r ch arta ae . s e o as s . p ape , , , f ; p p , , ,

- h n l h e l - n lis n . chartula ae . e , , f p y , p y , y , ’ - hi h a é e arafii n arafi inum i n . al i la a . p , p , , p , p , , f

1 2 6 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

ulveriz d ulv ra - - - - e e tus a um . r ectified r ectificatus a um . p , p , , , , ,

u i ce umex - ici red b r - r - s m . t u e b a brum . p m , p , , , , ,

- - - um kin e o 6 nis m reduced r eductus a um. p p , p p , , . , , ,

- - - - ure urus a um . r efined defaecatus a um . p , p , , , , ,

ur ativ ur - - m - e us a um . re ed remedium i . p g , p g , , y , , , n

in - ur ur an ti . re r t r v . s an s eat to e e e e . p g g , p g , p , , p , 3

- - - - urifi d r m . e u ificatus a um . r e eated re etitus a u p , p , , p , p , ,

l - - - ur e ur ure r r m i . us a um . esidue esidiu n p p , p p , , , , ,

P urShian hi - - r - f urs anus a um . sin resina ae . , p , , e , , ,

- - rethrum r éthrum i n r sor cinol resorcinol Olis n . py , py , , . e , , ,

lli - - - r o a c ro c n meri a ae . alli us a um . rh ata kra py g , y g , , y , , , f

- - ro allic acid ro all l li rhiz o m rhi zbma atis n . o O s n . e py g , py g , , , , ,

r o all l - - o ro all l Oli rhubarb rh eum i n . o s n . py g , py g , , , , ,

roli neous roli né osus rhus labra rhus labra t hois py g , py g , g , g , labrae g , f. r h h h h ri - ae o o s ate r o os as ce or za . py p p , py p p , , y , , f

- - - ati m r h r tra tt um. s . i t dexte , g , , ,

- - - rox lin ox lin i ri id i dus a um . r um . r i py y , y y , , n g , g , ,

rinse to colluere v. . , , , 3

- - ri e ma r a um. p , tfi us , ,

- - robust ro ustus a um. , b , ,

- uaker button nux nucis vom root radix icis . Q , ( ) , , , f

- ica . ro se rosa ae . , f , , , f - - m m rosmarinus i . uantit uan titas atis . rose ar q y , q , , f y , , , - i - nd- l aved rotundifolius a uass a uas sia ae . rou e q , q , , f , , , ’ - ueen s roo t stillin ia ae . q , g , , f

- - - r - ro al r ius a um re alis e . ue cus uercus us . e q , q , , f y , g , , ; g , ' I triturat e v. i kl cito r ub to terere v. u c adv. q y , , , , , 3 ; , ;

- uietin s edans antis . fricare v. 1 . q g , , ,

- - e caout uilla a uilla a ae . rubber elastica a . ; q j , q j , , f , , f

- h uc indecl. n . uinine uinina ae . c o q , q , , f , ,

- r ubus rubus i m. , , ,

- rumex rumex icis . , , , f

- - r acemo se racemOsus a um . , , , r l - ain p uvialis , e .

- l n . r i sabal sab l indec . at o ratio 6 nis . a , , , f , , , - - - h r ccharatus a um . rectal r ectali e . sacc a ated sa , s , , , , E N GLISH - LATIN VOCAB ULARY 1 2 7

- - mi n . l mine s co ola e ae . saccharin sacch arinum i n . co o a , , , ; S p , p , , f - u - i m cru le s cru ul s . benzosul hinidum i n . s p , , p , , p , — - i scutellaria s cutellaria ae . s afrol safrOlum n . , , , , , , f

- illa - e ion c a . s a e salvia ae . sea on s g , , , f , , , f

- aweed al a ae . sa o s a o indecl. n . se g , g , , , g , , f

- - - - m . said dictus a um . second s ecundus a u , , , , , ,

- - - - m . ai on ai oni cus a um . sedative s edativus a u s g , s g , , , , ,

- - m i seed s emen inis n . ali in alicinu n . s c , s , , , , ,

- mitt re v . nd to e . s alic late salic las atis m. se y , y , , , , , 3

- - - s alic lated s alic latus a um . sene a s ene a ae . y , y , , g , g , , f

- - - s alic lic salic licus a um. senna s enna ae . y , y , , , , , f

- r I . s alol ol Olis s e arate to s e a at e v. , sal , , n . p , , p ,

- - i tic a um . salt s al salis n . se t c s e us , , , p , p , ,

- - salutar s alutaris e . ser entaria s er entaria ae . y , , p , p , , f l - e rum rum - i s alvia sa via a . se s e n . , , , f , , ,

f ad . m th idem eadem idem o sev n s e tem indecl. sa e , e, , , ; e , p , j

- - m mus a um . the a e e us dem . s eventh s e ti s , j , p , ,

d . a l in th ibi m v r l li uot indecl. a s me ace e de ad . seve a a p , , , , q , j

- h m - e bra ae . sand arena a . s adow u , , , f , , , f

- - - - s ane saa ns a um . sh ad umbrOsus a um . , , , y , , ,

- - - n r i an in r ae h villOsus a um . s an ui a a s u a i a . s a g , g , , f ggy , , , l l - i h tat e v. I . s anta s anta um n . s ake to a i , , , , , g ,

i - - an nica s anton ca ae . h s to s a e forma ae . , , , f p , , , f

- ant nin s ntoninum i . h e I . s o a n a to formar v. , , , S p e, , ,

- - - sarsa arilla s arsa arilla ae . sh ar acet cris cr e . p , p , , f p , , , fra ss s ecl a fra i nd . n . h ovi s ssa s sa a s ee ovis s . , , , p . , , f

- - - - m . saturated saturatus a um . h e ovillus a u , , , S ep , ,

- - — r n s ni h r c um . satu atio aturatio O s . s e r xeri us a , , , f y , , ,

- - - - n r hi l l um . sau de s santalum i n . s e d like e tatus a , , , , p , ,

n bina - ae h - sa s a br vi e . vi . s ort e s , , , f , ,

- - - saw s erra ae . shredded rasus a um . , , , f , , , saw almetto sabal i decl i cri - n . n . s eve brum i n . p , , , , , ,

- - - s aw to othed s ert ulatus um . i r a to crib ar e v. I , , , S ft , , , .

- - - - s cal s uarrOsus a um . sif ted cribratu a um . y , q , , , s , ,

mon - - sc m s camm nium i . a o n . i natur e si natfira ae y , , , S g , g , , f

- - - scarlet coccinus a um . ilk i s s er cum i n . , , , , , ,

- - - s co ari s co ariu i il n m . u s s m. s ke s eric s a u p , p , , , u , ,

sc l - e - la co O a . o o s a s ilver ar entum i n . p , p , , f , g , , 1 2 8 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

- - similar similis e . s ci c ecificum , , pe fi , sp , i, n .

- - sim le sim lex icis . s ermaceti cetaceum i n p , p , p , , , .

six x indecl a - s e d . . i li i lia s e a S e ae . , , j p g , p g , , f

- - - sixth sextus a um . s irit iritus us m , , , p , sp , , .

kim to des mat v I - - u e . . irituous s irituOsus a um . S , , p , Sp , p , ,

kullca s cutellaria - ae s o n e on ia - ae S p , , , f. p g , sp g , , f. slee s omnus - i m s o n hl o coc ear e aris n . p , , , . p , , ,

m ll - - - - s a arvus a um ver otted maculatus a um . , p , , ; y Sp , , ,

- - - s mall arvulus a um . s ra nebula ae , p , , p y , , , f. small r min r min r e o us . s ead to extendere v indu , , p , , , . . 3 ;

mall minim s - - s est u a um . cere v , , , , . 3 .

- - s mellin s tron raveolens s read extensus a um . g , g g , p , , ,

- entis . rin f ater fons fontis m s O w . p g ( ) , , ,

- - - mil x smilax ci s rin fontanus a um . S a a s . , , , f p g , , mok fumus - i s rinkl u n t o in er re v s e n e o s e . . , , , . p p , , p g , 3

now niv - rr r ota - ae s alis e . s u ed r e e . , p y , g , , f so ita sic ill cilla - ae s u s . , ; . q , , , f so ak o mas r an v I t ce are 1 s t d to stat e . . , , , v. . , , ,

so a - hi ri sta hi a ia - ae sa o 6nis m. sta sa a s r . p , p , , p g , p g , , f oa r ll - r - i ba k a ch am lum n . s ui a a ae . st p , q j , , f , y , , - - - m soa sa onarius a . state status us . py , p , , um , , ,

- - - s oca trine s ocatrinus a um . staves acre sta hi sa ri a ae . , , , , p g , , f ‘ - - m oda s oda ae stearate steara s atis . S , , , f. , , ,

- - - s odium tearic stearicus a um . odium i . n s , s , , n ; atrium , , , ,

stem caulis caulis m. , , ,

- - soft molli . steril sterilis e . , s , e e, ,

- - - softenin em llien nti steriliz d sterilisatus a um . g , o s , e s ; de e , , ,

- - - mulcen n s tiff i idus a um . s , e tis . , r g , ,

- - - li illin l n ia ae . so d s olidus a um . st ia s i li , , , g , t g , , f

- - soluble l bili stimulatin stimulans antis . , so u s , e . g , ,

- - solution li r ri . sto ne la is idi s m. , quo , 6 s , m ; solu , p , ,

- - - - tio ni lfit m i sto ered obturatus a um . 6 s . so u , , f ; , , n . pp , , ,

- so me ali uot indecl ad storax st rax acis m. , q , . j . , y , ,

- o e v I . soothin leniens enti . strain t colar . g , , s , , ,

- - - - sour acerb acid s trained colatus a um. , us , a, um ; ula s , , , ,

- - - a um strained li uid colatfira ae . , . q , , , f

- - ilicium r i r lum i n . c S anis ies cantharis idis . s t a ne co ; , p h fl , , , f , , , s arteine s arteina -a e p , p , , f. - - s eci l stramo nium s tramoni um i n . es s ecies é . p , p , , f , , ,

1 3o LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

theobrom a th eobrOma - a i ri i i ti - t s n . t t cum t1 cum i , , , , , , n. th eine cafi eina - a e ri tri . t turate to turat e v. I terer e , , , f , , , ; , h dein d in t en e de adv. v. conteret e v , ; , 3 ; , . 3 .

- - - thick s is sus a um . tritur atio n tri turatio 6 nis , p , , , , , f . ;

- - thickened s is s atus a um . trituratum i , p , , , , n .

- - thin tenuis e. troche rochis chus i m , , , t , , . hin r i - - t es re . true erus a um . g , , , f , v , , thi osul h ate thiosul has -atis tube fistula - ae tub - p , p , , , , , f . ; ulus , i, m . m.

- - - third tertius a um . tuber tub e eris , , , , r, , n . th orn- a le stramonium - i n tur entine terebinthina —ae pp , , , . p , , , f. h ous and mille indecl d twen Vi inti t . a . t indecl ad , , j y , g , . j .

three tres tria . wice bi v , , t , s , ad . thrice ter adv duo , , . two , , dua e, duo . throu h er r e wi c g , p , p p. th a c. h m th mus - i t y e, y , , m. th mol th mol - Olis n y , y , , .

- - h oi th . und r ub re th cc t r d roideus um e s . wi a y , y , a, , , p p . and

h r i l n - a bl ubter re with ace t o a d th roideum i . s . y d g , y , , n . ; , p p . and

i li m li - abl t u ti um i . g , g , , n .

in nnum - i unri e immatfirus - a - t , sta , , n . p , , , m

- d e with cc in ur tin c fira ae u to a r . a . t ct e t . , , , f p , , p p m ni m - i ad re wit acc uraniu ur a u n . to , , p p. h . , , ,

- - - m t oas d tost s um . use usus us . te , u , a, , , , o h r sim l v used to be art utendus - a t g et e , u , ad . , (p ) , , , l to u tolu indecl. . , , , n - - m lu of l tanus a u . To , , to u , , omorrow cras adv t , , . o den de ti to th, s, n s, m.

- - x ici vacuum acuum i n. to a e s m. p , p , , , v , ,

- - - valerate valeras atis m. h len a um . toug , tus , , , , ,

- - l rian valeriana ae . tra acanth tra acantha ae . va e g , g , , f , , , f - - - rauma ic traumaticus a um . valerianate valerianas atis t t , , , , ,

- - - valeric valeti ons a um. tree arbor oris . , , , f , , , - t richloracetic tri chloraceticus vanilla anilla ae . , , , v , , f m - vanillin, vanillinu , i, n.

- - r is m. tr ile tri lex icis . va o a or Ot p , p , p , v p , ,

- - idum i varie ated versicolor ori s . ri xid ox n . t o e, tri , , g , , ENGLISH- LATIN VOCABULARY 1 3 1

- ll ene b adv. varnish vernix feis . we , , , f , , rn den li - e weste , occi ta s , .

- - - m m . v table ve etabilis e . wet hu idus a u ege , g , , , ,

- - - v l ul hur l co dium i white albus a um . egetab e s p , y po , , , , ,

- - whole totus a um. n . , , ,

- - - m . veratrine veratrina ae . wide latus a u , , , f , , ,

- r m veratrum i wild cherr runus ir iniana . verat u n . , , , y , p v g , f r - - m illo alix - icis ve mifu e vermifu us a u w w s . g , g , , , , , f l v n m - i i Wi e inu . vesse as vas s n . n , , , , v , ,

- - veterinar veterinarius a m . wine ertainin to vinarius a y , , , , p g , , ,

i l hiala - a - um containin wine vinOsus v a e . , p , , f ; g , , - - - m i a u . viburnum iburnum n . , v , , ,

- - - m vich vich anus a um. wine lass c athus i . y , y , , g , y , ,

- - vin r m i Winter reen aulth eria ae . e a acé tu n. g , , , g , g , , f i - - h velle v rre i . v no us vinbsus a um. wis to . , , , , , , g

- - mam l - idi ir n n um. Witchh az l h a é is s V inia vir inia us a e . g , g , , , , , f ir i i an n k r r entaria i h cum re with a bl V n s a oot s e w t . . g e , p , , , p p

- h cc hi n intra re wit a . ae wit . , f. , , p p i v x v h ine re with a bl is . wit o ut vo ce o oc s . . , , , f , , p p ' - - volatile volatilis e . wolfs an acomtum i , , b e, , , n .

- - volumetric volumetricus a m . o o li um i u w d n . , , , y , gn , ,

- - wooden li neus a um. , g , ,

l - wo o lana ae . , , , f

- - o olen lan us um . w , e , a,

- - ool tomentbsus a um. w y , , ,

work o o eris n . 1 , pus , p , warm to calefacere v rm vermis vermis m , , , . 3 . wo , , , .

- - warm calidus a m. rm tro in anthelmint cus , , , u wo des y g , i ,

warmin calefaciens - cuti g , , s .

h —- was ed lotus a um . rm A m rican ch eno o , , , wo seed ( e ) , p

water a ua - ae - i L ant santon . dium n ev , q , , f , , . ; ( ) , water a uOsus - a - um h ica - ae dra . y , q , , ; y , , f - - sus a m . u r r e us . , wo se, pejo , p j

- - - wax cera ae m . . worst essimus a u , , , f , p , , waxed er - - c atus , a, um. wei h to endere v g , , p , . 3 . wei hin n e - g g , pe d ns , entis .

wei ht ondus - eti n x n ho x lum xanthox lum -i n g , p , s, . a t y , y , , . 1 3 2 LATIN F OR PHARMACISTS

ellow es samine - i n y j , , . erba s anta eriodi ct on - 6 nis n y , y , , . ar annus olk of e itellus - i m ye , , y ( gg) , v , , . m - n t fermentu i . yeas , , , — Z llo fiavus a luteus ye w, , , , zea zea - ae , , , f. ll dock rumex zinc ye ow , , ,

1 34 IN DEX

N m c re 2 St m o noun o en latu , 8 e , f s , 8 N min ca e of verb o ative s , 7 s, 5 1

as ub ect I O Sub ect of verb 1 0 s j , j , Nouns declension of D eclen Sub unctive n commands , j , i , i n forms of 2 s o ) , 5

assifi ti n of 8 with co n un ti cl ca o , 4 j c ons, 53 G eek Subscri tion 66 r , 34 p , in clin Su erlati ve forms de able, 36 p , 43

irr ul declension f eg ar , 34 o , 44 Num r Su erscri tion 2 be , 7 p p , 6 Numer ls S llables a , 47 y , 3

declension of, 48 Tabl of te min ti ns e r a o , 33 T erminations Ob ect of verb I , 5 j , 4 f i n o fifth declens o , 3 1 of firs t declension 9 Par ci l , ti p es , 59 of fourth declension 2 9 n i 0 , decle s on o f, 4 c n i n 1 of se ond decle s o , 3 use of, 6 0 of third declension 1 7 ni v 2 , Partitive g e ti e, 3 of verbs, 5 2 Ph armaceutical titles 86 , bl ta e of, 33 r fix 2 P e es , 8 Third declension, 1 5 r i n wi sativ P epos tio s , th accu e, G reek nouns wi bl , 35 th a ative, 55 i- stems 2 5 r n 2 , P escrip tion writi g , 6 mixed stems, 2 6 x r e e cises in, 69 n termi ations of , 1 7 Pronunciation I , i Titles in the Pharmacopoe a,

uanti t of vowels 4 Q y , h ub unctive 6 Ut wit s j , 53 , 5

Relatives 7 infl ti n o f 1 , 5 V erbs, ec o , 5 e f us o , 53 S i n 2 V ocabular E n lish-Latin I I I econd declens o , 1 y, g ,

un Latin- E n lish 88 Greek no S , 34 g , i n of 1 termina t o s , 3 Si Word order gnature, 6 7 , 57

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