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Škola: Gymnázium, Brno, Slovanské náměstí 7 Šablona: III/2 – Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT Název projektu: Inovace výuky na GSN prostřednictvím ICT Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0940 Autor: Mgr. Rudolf Dostálek Tematická oblast: Od Napoleona k jaru národů (evropské a české dějiny 1. poloviny 19. století) Název DUMu: Revolution in Hungary 1848-1849 Kód: VY_32_INOVACE_DE.4.17 Datum: 21.11.2013 Cílová skupina: Žáci středních škol Klíčová slova: Kossuth, Pressburg, April laws, Vilagos, Arad Anotace: Tato prezentace slouží k výkladu učiva tématu: Revoluce 1848 v Uhrách (v anglickém jazyce) REVOLUTION IN HUNGARY 1848-1849 WHERE AND WHEN • Pressburg/Poszony/Bratislava • 3rd March 1848, 15th March 1848(2) • speech of Lajos Kossuth at Hungarian Assembly • Expressed demands of Hungarian nation DEMANDS • removal of unequal taxes for aristocracy and commoners • more political rights for bourgeoisie and peasantry • more independency for Hungarian Kingdom WHO AGAINST WHO • AGAINST: Viennese government • LED BY: • Lajos Kossuth • Count Széchényi • Count Battyanyi RESULTED IN: • acceptance of Kossuth´s demands • Battyanyi established Hungarian government • in April 1848 Hungarian Assembly in Pressburg worked out a set of laws APRIL LAWS • abolishing of serfdom • abolishing of tithe (desátek) • establishment of religious equality and new state administration • 10th April – assembly closed and moved to Pest and on 5th July started its work MINORITIES IN HUNGARY • emancipative demands of other nations in Hungarian Kingdom: • Slovaks • Croatians • Rumanians • Croatian Ban (representative of the emperor) Jelacic refused to accept April Laws • danger of separation STEPS TO INDEPENDENCE • Hungarian government – building up own army and finances – total split with Viennese government • invasion of allied Austrian and Croatian armies (Windischgrätz, Jelacic) HUNGARIAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE • At first invasion successful • capturing of Buda, Pest • later Austro-Croatian army pushed out by Hungarian counterstrike HUNGARIAN REPUBLIC • 14th April 1849 – Kossuth proclaimed Francis Joseph I deposed and declared republic • Austrian emperor asked Russian tsar for help • Hungarian rebells attacked from 3 sides HUNGARIAN DEFEAT • 13th August 1849 – Hungarian surrender at Világos • Croatia became independent on Hungarian Kingdom (loyal to Habsburg Austria) FATE OF THE LEADERS • 6th October 1849: execution of 13 generals (Martyrs of Arad) and other 100 officers • Prime Minister Batthyany executed on the same day • Kossuth and other rebells emigrated • Tento digitální učební materiál byl vytvořen pomocí software Microsoft Office 2007 • Materiál je určen pro bezplatné používání pro potřeby výuky a vzdělávání na všech typech škol a školských zařízení • Jakékoliv další využití podléhá autorskému zákonu .

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Hungary's Policy Towards Its Kin Minorities
Hungary’s policy towards its kin minorities: The effects of Hungary’s recent legislative measures on the human rights situation of persons belonging to its kin minorities Óscar Alberto Lema Bouza Supervisor: Prof. Zsolt Körtvélyesi Second Semester University: Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem, Budapest, Hungary Academic Year 2012/2013 Óscar A. Lema Bouza Abstract Abstract: This thesis focuses on the recent legislative measures introduced by Hungary aimed at kin minorities in the neighbouring countries. Considering as relevant the ones with the largest Hungarian minorities (i.e. Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine), the thesis starts by presenting the background to the controversy, looking at the history, demographics and politics of the relevant states. After introducing the human rights standards contained in international and national legal instruments for the protection of minorities, the thesis looks at the reasons behind the enactment of the laws. To do so the politically dominant concept of Hungarian nation is examined. Finally, the author looks at the legal and political restrictions these measures face from the perspective of international law and the reactions of the affected countries, respectively. The research shows the strong dependency between the measures and the political conception of the nation, and points out the lack of amelioration of the human rights situation of ethnic Hungarians in the said countries. The reason given for this is the little effects produced on them by the measures adopted by Hungary and the potentially prejudicial nature of the reaction by the home states. The author advocates for a deeper cooperation between Hungary and the home states. Keywords: citizenship, ethnic preference, Fundamental Law, home state, human rights, Hungary, kin state, minorities, nation, Nationality Law, preferential treatment,Status Law.
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A TRANSYLVANIAN INTERLUDE on 11 June 1848 Dumitru Brătianu Had
A TRANSYLVANIAN INTERLUDE On 11 June 1848 Dumitru Brătianu had received his accreditation as diplomatic agent in troubled Austria-Hungary, as the first diplomatic representative of modern Romania.221 Until then, Romanian interests abroad had been represented by officials of the Ottoman suzerain power. He travelled via Vienna, where the situation was confused after the collapse of the interim government led by Karl Ludwig von Fic- quelmont, and reached Pest in late June. Since March, under popular pressure, the Habsburg monarchy appeared to have imploded. Vienna as the official centre of power in the Empire was now challenged by Central European “staging-points in the multilateral contestation” during the events of 1848–49:222 Milan, Buda-Pest,223 Prague, Lemberg, Cracow, Timişoara, Braşov, Blaj and Cluj – to mention just a few of the cities engulfed by the protests – were all bursting with revolu- tionary ferment, political and territorial demands and potential multi- ethnic strife. Only one element in the confusing political landscape of 1848–49 remained stable: the now beleaguered Habsburg dynasty and the principle of dynastic loyalty as the pivotal centre of an otherwise explosive multi-national conundrum. After March and especially after the enactment of the April Laws by the Hungarian Diet, the new Hungarian regime had been operat- ing on the basis of a virtual, if brittle, parliamentary sovereignty and autonomy from Austria. A reformist Hungarian government led by Lajos Batthyány comprised the liberal István Széchenyi, the ‘roman- tic hero’ Lajos Kossuth and the ‘man of the future’, Ferenc Deák.224 Embedded within, and extending beyond, the complex network of constitutional, political, economic and military difficulties facing the empire was the thorny nationalities question.
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Paths in Austrian and Finnish History
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HUNGARIAN STUDIES 16. No. 2. ([2002)
Volume 16 Number 2 Hungarian Chair Symposium, April 14, 2002, Bloomington: "Lajos Kossuth in Changing Context: History, Freedom and Memory in Modern Hungary, 1948-2001" Pál Kelemen: „Vom Holocaust [...] läßt sich nur mit Hilfe der ästhetischen Imagination eine reale Vorstellung gewinnen" - Fremderfahrung und Gedächtnis bei Imre Kertész c g m < o HUNGARIAN STUDIES a Journal of the International Association for Hungarian Studies (Nemzetközi Magyarságtudományi Társaság) Hungarian Studies appears twice a year. It publishes original essays - written in English, French and German - dealing with aspects of the Hungarian past and present. Multidisciplinary in its approach, it is an international forum of literary, philological, historical and related studies. Each issue contains about 160 pages and will occasionally include illustrations. All manuscripts, books and other publications for review should be sent to the editorial address. Only original papers will be published and a copy of the Publishing Agreement will be sent to the authors of papers accepted for publication. Manuscripts will be processed only after receiving the signed copy of the agreement. Hungarian Studiesis published by AKADÉMIAI KIADÓ H-1117 Budapest, Prielle Kornélia u. 19/D Homepage: www.akkrt.hu/journals/hstud Order should be addressed to AKADÉMIAI KIADÓ, H-1519 Budapest, P.O. Box 245, Fax: (36-1) 464-8221, E-mail: [email protected] Subscription price for Volume 16 (2002) in 2 issues USD 142.00, including normal postage, airmail delivery USD 20.00. Editorial address H-1067
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HUNGARIAN STUDIES 15. No. 1. (2001)
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Mađarska Revolucija
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$ the Structure and Command System of the Hungarian Army in The
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Történelem Angol Nyelven
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Catholic Priests from the Diocese of Csanád in the Hungarian Revolution and the War of Independence (1848 – 1849)
Trivent Publishing © The Authors, 2015 Available online at http://trivent-publishing.eu/ Philosophy, Communication, Media sciences Series Volume Saint Gerard of Cenad: Tradition and Innovation Catholic Priests from the Diocese of Csanád in the Hungarian Revolution and the War of Independence (1848 – 1849) Péter Zakar Department of Modern History, University of Szeged Gál Ferenc College, Faculty of Social Sciences, Szeged, Hungary [email protected] Abstract The Church, mainly the local clergy, played an important, galvanising role in Hungary in 1848. In the spring of 1848 the possibility of a democratic transformation in the Catholic Church seemed to be a crucial point. The liberal priests started a strong movement in the heart of the Diocese of Csanád. Alajos Magyari, a teacher in the seminary of Temesvár wanted to abolish celibacy and to create a new democratic Catholic Church government. The supporters of Church modernisation adopted the philosophy and culture of Enlightenment, Liberalism, and Romanticism, creating an immanent theology on these bases. Ten priests from the Diocese of Csanád joined the Honvéd Army and took up weapons, while another ten priests served as army chaplains. The Revolution and War of Independence resulted in the formation of a unique revolutionary theology. Keywords: Church history; Diocese of Csanád; the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-1849; liberal clergymen in Hungary; priests in the National Guard; priests in the Honvéd Army; revolutionary theology; the liberal clerical interpretation of the Revolution. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY- NC-ND 4.0) license, which permits others to copy or share the article, provided original work is properly cited and that this is not done for commercial purposes.
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The Holy Crown of Hungary, Visible and Invisible LA´ SZLO´ PE´ TER
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