DOCSLIB.ORG

Paths in Austrian and Finnish History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Paths in Austrian and Finnish History Smallcons Project A Framework for Socio-Economic Development in Europe? The Consensual Political Cultures of the Small West European States in Comparative and Historical Perspective (No. HPSE-CT-2002-00134) Work Package 10 Paths in Austrian and Finnish History Helmut Konrad, Martin Pletersek, Andrea Strutz (eds.) Department of History/Contemporary History, University of Graz September 2004 Contributors: Helmut Konrad, Martin Pletersek, Johanna Rainio-Niemi, Henrik Stenius, Andrea Strutz 2 Contents Helmut Konrad, Martin Pletersek, Andrea Strutz Paths in Austrian and Finnish history – a tentative comparison Helmut Konrad Periods in the History of Austrian Consensualism Henrik Stenius Periodising Finnish Consensus Martin Pletersek, Andrea Strutz A Monarchy and Two Republics – the Austrian Path (including comparative context of neighbouring new EU-members) Johanna Rainio-Niemi Paths in the Austrian and Finnish history: FINLAND (including comparative context of neighbouring new EU-members) 3 Paths in Austrian and Finnish history – a tentative comparison Helmut Konrad, Martin Pletersek, Andrea Strutz The smallcons-project "A Framework for Socio-economic Development in Europe? The Consensual Political Cultures of the Small West European States in Comparative and Historical Perspective" reserves a particular place for Austria and Finland because "[…] these cases suggest that the communication capacity conditional for consensualism can emerge within only a few decades." (Annex to the contract: 3). As opposed to the other project countries, the project proposal assumes that the two are the discontinuity cases whose historical paths didn't seem to point towards consensualism. In the words of Peter Katzenstein, "[…] the Austrian train was at every branch switched in a direction opposite from the other small European states." (1985: 188). While the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland developed what Katzenstein calls the corporatist compromise, Austria and Finland experienced a period of insecurity, turmoil, and even civil war. For some reason though, both countries developed consensualist practices and attitudes during the second half of the 20th century. Austria already in the late 50s and Finland at a time when consensualism elsewhere seemed to go through a period of crisis. In order to test the project assumption and to explain the remarkable transition to consensualism the historical development of Austria and Finland has to be taken into account. As these countries' histories are investigated with a view on the later development of consensualism, special attention is given to socio-economic development and democratisation, but also to the rifts that run through society and coined political culture. The time-frame of investigation varies according to topic. The main starting point is 1848 for Austria, slightly earlier in the 19th century for Finland. As for the end of the period in question, a slight overlap to WP11 is created by stopping in the 1950ies for Austria (wage-price agreements, 1950 strike) and a bit earlier for Finland. In the smallcons WP 7 report, Christianne Smit analyses the historical roots in the "old" consensual countries the project deals with – i.e. the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland – critically following the argument of Peter Katzenstein (1985). The question to what extend Katzenstein's theses can be applied for Finland and Austria is adressed by the respective papers in this workpackage. While developments in Austria and Finland are certainly different from the "old" consensual countries, they are also contrast cases compared to each other. An in-depth comparative analysis of the question of the "consensual turn" will have to wait for the results of WP 11; here, an overview of the main similarities and differences of the developments in Austria and Finland will be given: 4 Similarities: parallel political breaks a) A shift in the geopolitical situation in the beginning of the 19th century: • Finnland separates from the Swedish realm and becomes part of Tsarist Russia as a Grand Duchy. • Austria separates from the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 (the later Austria becomes part of the Habsburg Monarchy). • Both separate from (western) powers and become part of (eastern) empires, although with different internal positions. b) Democratisation • In both countries universal suffrage (in Austria only for men though) was introduced as a result of the Russian revolution 1905. c) Small states in a new European order • Both states emerge 1917/18 as a result of disintegrating empires at the end of World War I. d) Political polarisation • In both countries society is deeply divided at the end of World War I. A political rift between Left and Right runs through the country that eventually leads to a bloody discharge. Differences: a) Nationalism: • Austrian nationalism is a German language nationalism with centrifugal effects; it cannot serve to legitimate the small state. • Finnish nationalism (also as language nationalism) serves to differ Finland from Russia and Sweden; it can therefore be considered an important factor in nation building. b) Viability: • Finnish economy emerged as a national economy during the 19th century. Viability of the state was not questioned. 5 • Austrian economy was oriented towards the Habsburg empire and therefore dysfunctional for the small state. The First Republic was considered a state that would not be able to survive. c) Civil War • The ferocity of the Civil War in Finland (1918) can be seen as a direct consequence of the breakdown of Tsarist Russia. • Civil war in Austria (1934) only broke out one and a half decades later after a domestic trigger. d) The role of the Left • The Left in Austria is united in the Social Democratic movement and committed to a reformist path. The role of Communism is marginal. • In Finland, Communism is of significant importance. e) Inter war period: • In Finland, modernisation prevails with the bourgeoisie dominating. • In Austria, society is split. Modernisation is centered in Red Vienna. Precursors of corporatism: • Finland: While bourgeois centre parties are open to trade union involvement, employers block any attempt at collective bargaining well into the thirties. Trade unions are closely connected to the Communists and therefore under constant suspicion. Socialists try to act through parliamentary channel and remain rather passive towards unions. • Austria: A number of institutions that can be seen as precursors of corporatist arrangements exist but post WWI society in Austria is highly polarised, lacking the political will for cooperation. Trade unions and Social Democrats are depicted as "Siamese Twins". 6 Comparative context: New EU-Member states The second part of the workpackage is the investigation of the poiltcal history of the neighbouring acession countries, i.e. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in the case of Finland as well as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Slovenia in the case of Austria. According to the Annex, the work is intended to create a foundation for fruitful discussions in the workshop of WP 12 where researchers from these countries will discuss the relevance of the corporatist systems in the smallcons countries as models for these new members of the European Union. This part aims at a brief outline of the historical paths of development concentrating on democratic developments, the impact of fascism and the communist takeover after World War II. An investigation of eventual early corporatist institutions in the inter-war period is not part of this investigation. Here a brief outline of the major similarities and differences ist given: a) Nationalism movements in the 19th century • Nationalist movements in the Habsburg empire occurred as a reaction to the German Austrian domination (esp. Hungary, South Slavs). • Nationalism in the Baltic states occurred to limit the power of the domestic (German) rulers. b) Nation state building process 1918/20 • Nation states are emerging out of out dissolving Habsburg and Russian empire – seeking national independence. c) Economic starting point in the new states and land reform • The disintegration of the empires left all in dire straits due to the loss of their (protected) markets and their resources. It took them more or less a decade to recover and then they were hit hard by the Great Depression. • An exception is Czechoslovakia that inherited a big share of the total industrial workforce and industrial capacity of the monarchy. • Land reform was only carried out in the Baltic states and in Czechoslovakia. d) Democratisation and political development • All nation states start as democratic republics (exception Slovenia in the SHS- monarchy with parliamentarian features). 7 • Interwar period: The government coalitions shift from more or less leftist, centered and conservative coalitions to governments that show distinctive authoritarian characteristics (e.g. one party system where all other parties are banned) in the 1930s. • Estonia 1934 • Latvia 1934 • Lithuania 1927/28 • Slovenia within Yugoslavia 1929 (King Alexander introduced dictatorship) • Hungary 1936 attempt for a corporate state • The exception is Czechoslovakia that stays democratic before WWII breaks out. e) WWII • All these states experienced WWII German occupation during the war. f) Soviet dominance • In the 40s and 50s all those nation states get under the domination of the Soviet Union, only Yugoslavia can develop an alternative model of Socialism. Whether the corporatist systems in the smallcons countries
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hungary's Policy Towards Its Kin Minorities
    Hungary’s policy towards its kin minorities: The effects of Hungary’s recent legislative measures on the human rights situation of persons belonging to its kin minorities Óscar Alberto Lema Bouza Supervisor: Prof. Zsolt Körtvélyesi Second Semester University: Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem, Budapest, Hungary Academic Year 2012/2013 Óscar A. Lema Bouza Abstract Abstract: This thesis focuses on the recent legislative measures introduced by Hungary aimed at kin minorities in the neighbouring countries. Considering as relevant the ones with the largest Hungarian minorities (i.e. Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine), the thesis starts by presenting the background to the controversy, looking at the history, demographics and politics of the relevant states. After introducing the human rights standards contained in international and national legal instruments for the protection of minorities, the thesis looks at the reasons behind the enactment of the laws. To do so the politically dominant concept of Hungarian nation is examined. Finally, the author looks at the legal and political restrictions these measures face from the perspective of international law and the reactions of the affected countries, respectively. The research shows the strong dependency between the measures and the political conception of the nation, and points out the lack of amelioration of the human rights situation of ethnic Hungarians in the said countries. The reason given for this is the little effects produced on them by the measures adopted by Hungary and the potentially prejudicial nature of the reaction by the home states. The author advocates for a deeper cooperation between Hungary and the home states. Keywords: citizenship, ethnic preference, Fundamental Law, home state, human rights, Hungary, kin state, minorities, nation, Nationality Law, preferential treatment,Status Law.
    [Show full text]
  • Central and Eastern Europe Development Outlook After the Coronavirus Pandemic
    CHINA-CEE INSTITUTE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE DEVELOPMENT OUTLOOK AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC Editor in Chief: Dr. Chen Xin Published by: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. Telephone: +36-1-5858-690 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.china-cee.eu Address: 1052, Budapest, Petőfi Sándor utca 11. Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin ISSN: 978-615-6124-29-6 Cover design: PONT co.lab Copyright: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. The reproduction of the study or parts of the study are prohibited. The findings of the study may only be cited if the source is acknowledged. Central and Eastern Europe Development Outlook after the Coronavirus Pandemic Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin CHINA-CEE INSTITUTE Budapest, October 2020 Content Preface ............................................................................................................ 5 Part I POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OUTLOOK ..................................... 7 Albanian politics in post-pandemic era: reshuffling influence and preparing for the next elections .............................................................................................. 8 BiH political outlook after the COVID-19 pandemic ...................................... 13 Bulgarian Political Development Outlook in Post-Pandemic Era ..................... 18 Forecast of Croatian Political Events after the COVID-19 .............................. 25 Czech Political Outlook for the Post-Crisis Period .......................................... 30 Estonian political outlook after the pandemic: Are we there yet? ...................
    [Show full text]
  • Deputy TABLE of CONT",Ci;NTS
    iU~ CRIlviES and CRIlvIES i~Gi..INST HUlv1:~rITY l'..ffiT VI GEID~ll'JIS.""TION OF OCCUPIED TSRRITORIES l'repared by: 1st LT. ED:l.,'UtD H. KENYON I'R1i:.SElJTED BY SECTION IT H..JillY ~l. HOLLERS. Colonel. J •.u .•G.D. Chief'of S·.. ction iiILLL' ,~ F. ~£t:.LSH. Major, ...... C., Deputy TABLE OF CONT",ci;NTS Pa(_;e No. A. Suction of Indictr,lCnt 1 1 C. St~tmJent of Evidence 1. Leb~nsrallin as the Goal of Nazi Forei~n 2 Policy. 2. CO:lsi)iracy to COil4.Uer and Geroanise 2 ForeiGn Territories. 3. The Office of Reich Commissioner for 5 the Consolidation of Jerman Nationhood. 4. DCJ.sic T:'_eories and Plans of the Reich 7 CQj".::issioner for the Consolidation of G-:)l'r:an NLtionhood. 5. Gcr:'lunisation of the Incorl')orated 8 E~stern Territories. 6. Gcrr-l£;ilisation of the Gov9rnment 12 General. 7. GU1~lanisation of the Occupied Eastern 16 Territories. 8. Evacuation and R~sett10ment in the 18 Eusturn Territories. 9. Gorl::f:iiisc.tion of the :18~tern Terri- 21 tories. D. ,,-"r:.:,unent and. Conclusion. 25 1. N~erical List of Doc~~ents. 26 2. Ducuo,lents pertaining to Individual 30 Defendants. 3. Documents pertaining to Organizations. 30 i Section of I~dictBent COUNT TEREE - ii..J\ CRIMES VIII.J - Geruanisation of Occupied Territories Pace 24 B. Le~cl Ruf~rence5 1. C;iarter - oI.4r'ticle 6 (b): W,j..".lR CRTIvIES: nanelyI violations of the laws or customs of war. Such viol~tions shall include, but not be limited to, murder, ill-treatment or deportation to slave labor or for any other pur­ pose of civilian population of or in occupied territory, murder or ill-treatment of prisoners of war or persons on the seas, killing of hos­ tages, plunder of public or private property, wanton destruction of cities, to~ms or villages, or devastation not justified by military necessity." 2.
    [Show full text]
  • National Museums in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia: a Story of Making ’Us’ Vanja Lozic
    Building National Museums in Europe 1750-2010. Conference proceedings from EuNaMus, European National Museums: Identity Politics, the Uses of the Past and the European Citizen, Bologna 28-30 April 2011. Peter Aronsson & Gabriella Elgenius (eds) EuNaMus Report No 1. Published by Linköping University Electronic Press: http://www.ep.liu.se/ecp_home/index.en.aspx?issue=064 © The Author. National Museums in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia: A Story of Making ’Us’ Vanja Lozic Summary This study explores the history of the five most significant national and regional museums in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia. The aim is to show how these museums contribute to the construction of national and other identities through collections, selections and classifications of objects of interest and through historical narratives. The three museums from Bosnia and Herzegovina that are included in this study are The National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo; which was founded in 1888 and is the oldest institution of this kind in the country; the History Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina founded in 1945 (Sarajevo) and the Museum of the Republic of Srpska in Banja Luka (the second largest city in BiH), which was founded in 1930 under the name the Museum of Vrbas Banovina. As far as Slovenia is concerned, two analysed museums, namely the National Museum of Slovenia (est. 1821) and the Museum of Contemporary History of Slovenia (est. 1944/1948), are situated in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. The most significant periods for the creation of museums as a part of the consolidation of political power and construction of regional and/or national identities can be labelled: The period under the Austrian empire (-1918) and the establishment of first regional museums.
    [Show full text]
  • Finnish University Intelligentsia and Its German Idealism Tradition
    1 INTELLECTUALS AND THE STATE: FINNISH UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENTSIA AND ITS GERMAN IDEALISM TRADITION Jukka Kortti, Adjunct Professor (Docent) University of Helsinki, Department of Political and Economic Studies, Section of Social Science History [email protected] Article (Accepted version) Post-print (ie final draft post-refereeing) Original citation: JUKKA KORTTI (2014). INTELLECTUALS AND THE STATE: THE FINNISH UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENTSIA AND THE GERMAN IDEALIST TRADITION Modern Intellectual History, 11, pp 359-384 doi:10.1017/S1479244314000055 2 Abstract INTELLECTUALS AND THE STATE: FINNISH UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENTSIA AND ITS GERMAN IDEALISM TRADITION The article examines the making of the Finnish intelligentsia and its relation to the state and the nation. The problem is analysed primarily from the perspective of student activism in the twentieth century. The development is viewed in the context of nationalism, (cultural) modernism, and radicalism in the development of the public sphere. The main source consists of the research findings of the student magazine Ylioppilaslehti (Student Magazine), which is not just “any student paper,” but a Finnish institution that has seen most of Finland’s cultural and political elite pass through its editorial staff in the twentieth century. The article demonstrates the importance of German idealism, as theorised by the Finnish statesman and philosopher J.W. Snellman, and its vital role in the activities of the Finnish university intelligentsia well into the 21st century. 3 INTELLECTUALS AND THE STATE: FINNISH UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENTSIA AND ITS GERMAN IDEALISM TRADITION INTRODUCTION In 2013, there has been quite a fuss around Finnish philosopher Pekka Himanen in the Finnish public sphere. Himanen is internationally known as the researcher of the information age – together with Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells, for instance.
    [Show full text]
  • A TRANSYLVANIAN INTERLUDE on 11 June 1848 Dumitru Brătianu Had
    A TRANSYLVANIAN INTERLUDE On 11 June 1848 Dumitru Brătianu had received his accreditation as diplomatic agent in troubled Austria-Hungary, as the first diplomatic representative of modern Romania.221 Until then, Romanian interests abroad had been represented by officials of the Ottoman suzerain power. He travelled via Vienna, where the situation was confused after the collapse of the interim government led by Karl Ludwig von Fic- quelmont, and reached Pest in late June. Since March, under popular pressure, the Habsburg monarchy appeared to have imploded. Vienna as the official centre of power in the Empire was now challenged by Central European “staging-points in the multilateral contestation” during the events of 1848–49:222 Milan, Buda-Pest,223 Prague, Lemberg, Cracow, Timişoara, Braşov, Blaj and Cluj – to mention just a few of the cities engulfed by the protests – were all bursting with revolu- tionary ferment, political and territorial demands and potential multi- ethnic strife. Only one element in the confusing political landscape of 1848–49 remained stable: the now beleaguered Habsburg dynasty and the principle of dynastic loyalty as the pivotal centre of an otherwise explosive multi-national conundrum. After March and especially after the enactment of the April Laws by the Hungarian Diet, the new Hungarian regime had been operat- ing on the basis of a virtual, if brittle, parliamentary sovereignty and autonomy from Austria. A reformist Hungarian government led by Lajos Batthyány comprised the liberal István Széchenyi, the ‘roman- tic hero’ Lajos Kossuth and the ‘man of the future’, Ferenc Deák.224 Embedded within, and extending beyond, the complex network of constitutional, political, economic and military difficulties facing the empire was the thorny nationalities question.
    [Show full text]
  • This Document Has Been Downloaded from Tampub – the Institutional Repository of University of Tampere
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University This document has been downloaded from Tampub – The Institutional Repository of University of Tampere Post-print Authors: Häkli Jouni Cultures of demarcation : territory and national identity in Name of article: Finland Name of work: Nested identities : identity, territory, and scale Editors of work: Herb Guntram H., Kaplan David H. Year of 1999 publication: ISBN: 0-8476-8466-0 Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Pages: 123-149 Discipline: Social sciences / Social and economic geography Language: en URN: http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:uta-3-959 All material supplied via TamPub is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, and duplication or sale of all part of any of the repository collections is not permitted, except that material may be duplicated by you for your research use or educational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtain permission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not be offered, whether for sale or otherwise to anyone who is not an authorized user. Author’s copy. Originally published in Guntram H. Herb & D. H. Kaplan (eds.). Nested identities: Identity, Territory, and Scale. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield (1999), 123-149. Cultures of Demarcation: Territory and National Identity in Finland JOUNI HÄKLI Introduction This chapter explores the significance of geographical scale in the negotiation of spatial identities, and especially attempts to understand the processes of nation- building in Finland, which stands out as an exceptional case among the several "successor states" born out of the European geopolitical turmoil in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • Crossing Central Europe
    CROSSING CENTRAL EUROPE Continuities and Transformations, 1900 and 2000 Crossing Central Europe Continuities and Transformations, 1900 and 2000 Edited by HELGA MITTERBAUER and CARRIE SMITH-PREI UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS Toronto Buffalo London © University of Toronto Press 2017 Toronto Buffalo London www.utorontopress.com Printed in the U.S.A. ISBN 978-1-4426-4914-9 Printed on acid-free, 100% post-consumer recycled paper with vegetable-based inks. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Crossing Central Europe : continuities and transformations, 1900 and 2000 / edited by Helga Mitterbauer and Carrie Smith-Prei. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4426-4914-9 (hardcover) 1. Europe, Central – Civilization − 20th century. I. Mitterbauer, Helga, editor II. Smith-Prei, Carrie, 1975−, editor DAW1024.C76 2017 943.0009’049 C2017-902387-X CC-BY-NC-ND This work is published subject to a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivative License. For permission to publish commercial versions please contact University of Tor onto Press. The editors acknowledge the financial assistance of the Faculty of Arts, University of Alberta; the Wirth Institute for Austrian and Central European Studies, University of Alberta; and Philixte, Centre de recherche de la Faculté de Lettres, Traduction et Communication, Université Libre de Bruxelles. University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its publishing program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts Council, an agency of the
    [Show full text]
  • Building an Unwanted Nation: the Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository BUILDING AN UNWANTED NATION: THE ANGLO-AMERICAN PARTNERSHIP AND AUSTRIAN PROPONENTS OF A SEPARATE NATIONHOOD, 1918-1934 Kevin Mason A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Advisor: Dr. Christopher Browning Reader: Dr. Konrad Jarausch Reader: Dr. Lloyd Kramer Reader: Dr. Michael Hunt Reader: Dr. Terence McIntosh ©2007 Kevin Mason ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Kevin Mason: Building an Unwanted Nation: The Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934 (Under the direction of Dr. Christopher Browning) This project focuses on American and British economic, diplomatic, and cultural ties with Austria, and particularly with internal proponents of Austrian independence. Primarily through loans to build up the economy and diplomatic pressure, the United States and Great Britain helped to maintain an independent Austrian state and prevent an Anschluss or union with Germany from 1918 to 1934. In addition, this study examines the minority of Austrians who opposed an Anschluss . The three main groups of Austrians that supported independence were the Christian Social Party, monarchists, and some industries and industrialists. These Austrian nationalists cooperated with the Americans and British in sustaining an unwilling Austrian nation. Ultimately, the global depression weakened American and British capacity to practice dollar and pound diplomacy, and the popular appeal of Hitler combined with Nazi Germany’s aggression led to the realization of the Anschluss .
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies Cultural Exchange: from Medieval
    Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies Volume 1: Issue 1 Cultural Exchange: from Medieval to Modernity AHRC Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies JOURNAL OF IRISH AND SCOTTISH STUDIES Volume 1, Issue 1 Cultural Exchange: Medieval to Modern Published by the AHRC Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies at the University of Aberdeen in association with The universities of the The Irish-Scottish Academic Initiative and The Stout Research Centre Irish-Scottish Studies Programme Victoria University of Wellington ISSN 1753-2396 Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies Issue Editor: Cairns Craig Associate Editors: Stephen Dornan, Michael Gardiner, Rosalyn Trigger Editorial Advisory Board: Fran Brearton, Queen’s University, Belfast Eleanor Bell, University of Strathclyde Michael Brown, University of Aberdeen Ewen Cameron, University of Edinburgh Sean Connolly, Queen’s University, Belfast Patrick Crotty, University of Aberdeen David Dickson, Trinity College, Dublin T. M. Devine, University of Edinburgh David Dumville, University of Aberdeen Aaron Kelly, University of Edinburgh Edna Longley, Queen’s University, Belfast Peter Mackay, Queen’s University, Belfast Shane Alcobia-Murphy, University of Aberdeen Brad Patterson, Victoria University of Wellington Ian Campbell Ross, Trinity College, Dublin The Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies is a peer reviewed journal, published twice yearly in September and March, by the AHRC Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies at the University of Aberdeen. An electronic reviews section is available on the AHRC Centre’s website: http://www.abdn.ac.uk/riiss/ahrc- centre.shtml Editorial correspondence, including manuscripts for submission, should be addressed to The Editors,Journal of Irish and Scottish Studies, AHRC Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies, Humanity Manse, 19 College Bounds, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UG or emailed to [email protected] Subscriptions and business correspondence should be address to The Administrator.
    [Show full text]
  • Associate Professor, Department of History
    Matthew Paul Berg Professor, Department of History John Carroll University 1 John Carroll Boulevard University Heights, Ohio 44118 Office 216.397.4763 Fax: 216.397.4175 E-mail: [email protected] Education Ph.D. University of Chicago 1993 M.A. University of Chicago 1985 B.A. University of California, Los Angeles 1984 Additional Training January 2009. Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies Hess Seminar, “The Holocaust and other Genocides,” USHMM, Washington DC. 2002-2003. Participant, Association of American Colleges & Universities Workshop “The Liberal Education and Global Citizenship: The Arts of Democracy.” June 2002. United Nations International Conflict Research Seminar “Dealing with the Past.” University of Ulster/Magee Campus, Derry, Northern Ireland. January 2002. Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies Hess Seminar “The Concentration Camp System,” USHMM, Washington DC. July 2002. “Summer Academy on the OSCE.” Austrian Study Center for Peace and Conflict Resolution Schlaining, Austria. June 2000. “Foundation Course, International Civilian Peace-Keeping and Peace-Building.” Austrian Study Center for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Schlaining, Austria. Teaching Experience 2008 – Professor of History, John Carroll University 2000 – 2008 Associate Professor, Department of History, John Carroll University 1994 – 2000 Assistant Professor, Department of History, John Carroll University 1993 – 1994 Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Toledo 1991 – 1993 Lecturer, Social Sciences Collegiate Division and Department of History, University of Chicago Berg, CurriculumVitae, 1 Matthew Paul Berg Courses Taught •First Year Seminar. •Introduction to Human Rights. •World Civilizations to 1600 / World Civilizations since 1600. •20th Century Global History. •World War One and Modernity. •The Cold War. •Justice & Democracy in a Global Context. •History as Art & Science (departmental methods course).
    [Show full text]
  • Der Weg Zum Anschluss. Burgenlandschicksal 1928 – 1938
    INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Vorwort Kulturlandesrat Helmut Bieler . 4 Einleitung . 5 Pia Bayer Burgenländische Landespolitik 1928–1933. 6 Pia Bayer, Dieter Szorger Das Burgenland im Ständestaat 1933–1938 ■ Die politische Entwicklung . 16 ■ Der 12. Februar 1934 . 23 ■ Die Organisationsstruktur der Vaterländischen Front . 31 ■ Die Arbeiterbewegung im Untergrund. 35 Der Beginn der politischen Verfolgung Der Aufbau der Untergrundorganisation der Revolutionären Sozialisten und Kommunisten Die Volksfront gegen Hitler ■ Die Entwicklung der Nationalsozialistischen Deutschen Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP) . 43 Pia Bayer, Dieter Szorger Die Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten ■ Die Anatomie der Machtergreifung . 54 ■ Der Beginn der Verfolgungsmaßnahmen. 66 Die erste Verhaftungswelle Das NS-Terrorsystem Die NSDAP Die Geheime Staatspolizei (Gestapo) Die Sicherheitsdienst-Außenstelle (SD) Eisenstadt Die Kriminalpolizei (Kripo) Die Opfer der politischen Verfolgung Die Verfolgung der jüdischen Burgenländer Die Verfolgung der burgenländischen Roma ■ Die Volksabstimmung vom 10. April 1938 . 85 ■ Die Auflösung des Burgenlandes . 95 Dieter Szorger Biografien führender burgenländischer Nationalsozialisten . 97 Zeittafel 1928–1938. 104 Literaturverzeichnis. 110 Danksagung . 113 VORWORT Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren! er kennt sie nicht, jene Propa- genstaatlichkeit hinnehmen. Das Burgen- gandafilme aus den 30er Jah- land verlor seine Selbstständigkeit, wurde Wren des vorigen Jahrhunderts? aufgeteilt und verschwand von der Land- Zu sehen ist meist ein kleiner Diktator auf
    [Show full text]