DOCSLIB.ORG

Pathways of Power

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pathways of Power Pathways of Power Pathways of Power Building an Anthropology of the Modern World Eric R. Wolf with Sydel Silverman foreword by Aram A. Yengoyan UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley . Los Angeles . London University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England q 2001 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wolf, Eric R., 1923±1999. Pathways of power : building an anthropology of the modern world / Eric W. Wolf with Sydel Silverman ; foreword by Aram A. Yengoyan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-520-22333-0 (cloth : alk. paper).Ð ISBN 0-520-22334-9 (pbk. : alk paper) 1. EthnologyÐPhilosophy. 2. EthnologyÐ Comparative method. 3. Political anthropology. 4. Power (Social sciences) 5. Group identity. I. Silverman, Sydel. II. Title. GN345 .W643 2001 306Ðdc21 00-055969 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 10987654321 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI / NISO Z39 0.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). Contents Foreword: Culture and Power in the Writings of Eric R. Wolf, by Aram A. Yengoyan vii Preface xix Introduction: An Intellectual Autobiography 1 part i. anthropology 11 1. American Anthropologists and American Society 13 2. Kroeber Revisited 23 3. Remarks on The People of Puerto Rico 38 4. On Fieldwork and Theory 49 5. Anthropology among the Powers 63 part ii. connections 81 6. Building the Nation 83 7. The Social Organization of Mecca and the Origins of Islam 100 8. Aspects of Group Relations in a Complex Society: Mexico 124 vi Contents 9. The Virgin of Guadalupe: A Mexican National Symbol 139 10. Closed Corporate Peasant Communities in Mesoamerica and Central Java 147 11. The Vicissitudes of the Closed Corporate Peasant Community 160 12. Kinship, Friendship, and Patron-Client Relations in Complex Societies 166 13. Ethnicity and Nationhood 184 part iii. peasants 191 14. Types of Latin American Peasantry: A Preliminary Discussion 193 15. Speci®c Aspects of Plantation Systems in the New World: Community Subcultures and Social Classes 215 16. Peasants and Revolution 230 17. Phases of Rural Protest in Latin America 241 18. Is the ªPeasantryº a Class? 252 19. On Peasant Rent 260 20. The Second Serfdom in Eastern Europe and Latin America 272 21. Peasant Nationalism in an Alpine Valley 289 part iv. concepts 305 22. Culture: Panacea or Problem? 307 23. Inventing Society 320 24. The Mills of Inequality: A Marxian Approach 335 25. Incorporation and Identity in the Making of the Modern World 353 26. Ideas and Power 370 27. Facing PowerÐOld Insights, New Questions 383 28. Perilous Ideas: Race, Culture, People 398 References 413 Index 447 Foreword Culture and Power in the Writings of Eric R. Wolf Aram A. Yengoyan With the death of Eric Wolf, anthropology lost one of its early advocates for cultural anthropology as a link between the humanities and the social sciences. From the 1950s on, Wolf approached anthropology as a form of humanistic understanding that combined theory and interpretation within a historical and comparative perspective markedly in¯uenced by his rethinking of various works by Marx and Marxist writers. In devel- oping this bridge, Wolf saw the problem of culture as a historical and processual emergent in which class and power relations are critical for understanding what culture means as a local expression and as a concept paramount to American anthropology. On the personal side, I want to note my relationship with Wolf. In 1959 he joined the faculty in the anthropology department at the Uni- versity of Chicago, where I was a second-year graduate student. During the next year I took one or two classes from him. In 1960 he went to the Tyrol region in northern Italy for ®eldwork, and I went to eastern Mindanao in the southern Philippines for my initial ®eld experience. On his return to this country in 1961, Wolf moved to the University of Michigan. In 1963 I was hired as an assistant professor at Michigan, and we were colleagues there until he left for the City University of New York in 1971. Since that period, we remained in communication. It was the Michigan and Vietnam War years that I feel were pivotal to his writings, though some of the themes, such as his focus on history, had been critical for him since the beginning of his professional life. vii viii Foreword This essay provides an overview of various issues central to Wolf's work throughout the last four or ®ve decades. Each of the chapters in this anthology expresses conceptual concerns developed in his extensive writings. I deal only with some of his major books; the papers in this volume stand on their own because Wolf himself wrote an introduction to each of them and drew the various connections of each phase of his intellectual efforts to the totality of his contributions. I focus on three issues that are central to his work. The ®rst, which I treat only brie¯y, is his concern with the question of boundaries and borders; the second pertains to his ideas about the interactions between culture and power; the last, but most important, deals with the notion of culture in his writings. As for Wolf's ideas on boundaries and borders, The Hidden Frontier (Cole and Wolf 1974), based on his initial ®eldwork in the early 1960s and later on collaborative research with John Cole, deals with how the relationships of cultural identity between German-speaking and Ro- mance-speaking communities have been sustained through a long his- torical trajectory in the high alpine areas of northern Italy. The book demonstrates how historical eventsÐthe development of the Italian states, the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the two world wars, and the post±World War II political events and nationalistic move- mentsÐhave had an impact on the ways in which differences at the microlevel are maintained between two populations that are in virtually constant, daily interaction. The analysis is framed in such 1960s con- cepts as ecology and ethnicity, but it is not dif®cult, from the vantage point of the present, to view it in terms of political economy, state in- tervention, and the intrinsic interplay between culture and class. Through the development of what Wolf has called a ªrelational ap- proach,º he and Cole empirically and theoretically show that no single set of variables can account for the kinds of differences that they noted in the microcosm of the two communities. Furthermore, it is apparent that the idea of boundaries and borders expressed on the local level may have little bearing on the macrocosm, and vice versa. Thus borders and boundaries can never be drawn stati- cally through time, because they have little meaning in capturing the kinds of differences that have persisted historically. Wolf, whose writ- ings always emphasized the fallacy of culture as bounded or homoge- neous, stresses that the frontier is not timeless but part of the total social formation. Foreword ix In retrospect, this approach to borders and boundaries anticipated recent anthropological and historical analysis of such areas and of what national and cultural delineations mean to the populations that straddle boundaries. In numerous ways, the questions that Peter Sahlins (1989) poses in his study of the border between France and Spain are set forth by Cole and Wolf, though their language differs from that of the 1990s. Furthermore, Cole and Wolf deal with other issues that are now of central importance in anthropology, such as the question of identity. For them identity, whether psychological or cultural, is in part the result of how differences are a playing out of events, actions, and institutions that have minimal opposition or contrastiveness (see Yengoyan 1989). What minimal contrastiveness means is that when similarities and dif- ferences are noted between communities, societies, or regions, it may be the case that the locales differ in only one or two features. The points of difference become the anchor in which a minimal contrast becomes the critical foundation on which differences are generated and enhanced. Thus in the two communities, which otherwise show common ecological adaptations to their environments, the contrast is expressed in their in- heritance patterns. Not only do villagers recognize this difference, they use and magnify it in establishing their own cultural identity and in contrasting their identity with that of their neighbors. Questions of difference based on contrastiveness and how it deter- mines internal identity and maximal opposition are a dominant factor in the way cultures and societies situate themselves in differing social milieus, whether in rural areas or in urban contexts. The insights pro- vided by Cole and Wolf (1974) and by Wolf (1962) are ethnographically founded as well as theoretically astute. The implications of how differ- ence is created at the minimal and maximal levels and how it relates to cultural identity result in a series of social and political fractures that may either be initiated at the community level or stem from larger po- litical processes, such as the reformulation of the nation-state. Throughout his writings, Wolf insists that the idea of boundedness as it is applied to cultures and communities must be abandoned and replaced by an understanding of interactional processes as they emerge from sources of power and hegemony that may be elusive to de®ne. His critical writings on such issues of borders and boundaries all predate the current postmodernist critiques, which basically argue the same message in a different language. The second theme of this essay is power and culture.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Central States Bulletin
    ~- .~·,....,.,. ·" i. CENTRAL STATES BULLETIN ... Volume I January - February 1947 Number·~ MAY MEETING IN ANN ARBOR COOPERATIVE DEGREES t PROS A1TD CONS "r, The Central States Branch of the Amer­ In the preceding number of the BULtf. ican Anthropological Association and the TIN the question. ~f Cooperative Higher Society for .American Archaeology will hold Degrees was raised by Professor. Ca.tl F. · a joint meeti'rtl'; at the University of Mich• Voegelin. So much interest was aroused igan in Ann Arbor on May 16 and 17. Plans in the topic that the Editors invited are being made locally to accor:unodate mem­ the heads of several nadwestern a.n.thro­ bers at the Ndchigan Union. Since there pology departments to contribute state­ are not enough single rooms, for all, it ments of their opinions. Four teplfes will be necessary for many members to were received and these ·are presen~ed share a room with someone else. Members below. A few condensations were made are adv;.sed therefore to ma]ce plans accord .. to conserve space, but the viewpoj.nta· ingly and well in advance of the meeting. of the writers have been left inta.ot. Rates: Single roows, $2.20 and $2.75; These articles, ta:rnn jointly, con~' Double: ·$4.40; tµ,;s.50 and 06.60. stitute the feature for this issue. All persons ple.nning to attend should write to Volney H. Jones or to Leslie A. White (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) I.·To.r_~~~~?t~r~ _Qniv~:r:~~-~y who will make their reservations for them.
    [Show full text]
  • On Ethnicity, Culture, and Tribe
    On Ethnicity, Culture, and ”Tribe” Sten Hagberg Purpose • Today’s lecture aims to discuss tricky concepts used in the study of African societies and cultures that still have tremendous impact on everyday life • Put forward the historical perspective on ”ethnicity”, ”culture”, and ”tribe”, as labels to portray traditional African political organization • Contextualise the texts by Evans-Pritchard, Southall, and Vail – as well as bring in how one could possibly study ethnicity today • Case-Study of Tiefo in Burkina Faso – ethnicity and politics in a home area association The term ”tribe” is no longer used by anthropologists, but it is used by many people in African countries Definitions • ”a group of people bound by common language, territory, and custom” • “a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader” • “a notional form of human social organization based on a set of smaller groups (known as bands), having temporary or permanent political integration, and defined by traditions of common descent, language, culture, and ideology” Tourist Industry and the Exotic – ”African Tribes with Traditional African Cultures” Republic of Niger – administrative categories, or How to define nomadic peoples http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/ner146499.pdf Customary or traditional communities according Nigerien Law • Fraction • Quartier • Village • Tribu • Groupement Woodabe men impressing women
    [Show full text]
  • SEM Awards Honorary Memberships for 2020
    Volume 55, Number 1 Winter 2021 SEM Awards Honorary Memberships for 2020 Jacqueline Cogdell DjeDje Edwin Seroussi Birgitta J. Johnson, University of South Carolina Mark Kligman, UCLA If I could quickly snatch two words to describe the career I first met Edwin Seroussi in New York in the early 1990s, and influence of UCLA Professor Emeritus Jacqueline when I was a graduate student and he was a young junior Cogdell DjeDje, I would borrow from the Los Angeles professor. I had many questions for him, seeking guid- heavy metal scene and deem her the QUIET RIOT. Many ance on studying the liturgical music of Middle Eastern who know her would describe her as soft spoken with a Jews. He greeted me warmly and patiently explained the very calm and focused demeanor. Always a kind face, and challenges and possible directions for research. From that even she has at times described herself as shy. But along day and onwards Edwin has been a guiding force to me with that almost regal steadiness and introspective aura for Jewish music scholarship. there is a consummate professional and a researcher, teacher, mentor, administrator, advocate, and colleague Edwin Seroussi was born in Uruguay and immigrated to who is here to shake things up. Beneath what sometimes Israel in 1971. After studying at Hebrew University he appears as an unassuming manner is a scholar of excel- served in the Israel Defense Forces and earned the rank lence, distinction, tenacity, candor, and respect who gently of Major. After earning a Masters at Hebrew University, he pushes her students, colleagues, and community to dig went to UCLA for his doctorate.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Anthropology and Two Contrasting Uses of Tribalism in Africa Author(S): Peter P
    Society for Comparative Studies in Society and History Social Anthropology and Two Contrasting Uses of Tribalism in Africa Author(s): Peter P. Ekeh Reviewed work(s): Source: Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 32, No. 4 (Oct., 1990), pp. 660-700 Published by: Cambridge University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/178957 . Accessed: 23/01/2012 10:57 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press and Society for Comparative Studies in Society and History are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Comparative Studies in Society and History. http://www.jstor.org Social Anthropology and Two ContrastingUses of Tribalismin Africa PETER P. EKEH State University of New Yorkat Buffalo A remarkablefeature of African studies has been the sharpdiscontinuities in the characterizationof transitionsin African history and society from one era to another. Thus, for an important example, colonialism has rarely been related to the previous era of the slave trade in the analysis of any dominant socioeconomic themes in Africa. Such discontinuity is significant in one importantstrand of modem African studies: The transitionfrom the lore and scholarshipof colonial social anthropologyto postcolonial forms of African studies has been stalled into a brittle break because its central focus on the "tribe" has been under attack.
    [Show full text]
  • Photographic Presence in New Mexico
    Past, Present and Future: Photographic Presence in New Mexico Devorah Romanek A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University College London (UCL), 2019 I, Devorah Romanek Confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Photograph on frontispiece: Will Wilson (2012). “Zig Jackson, Citizen of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, Professor of Photography, Savannah College of Art and Design.” Label text from the 2013 exhibition Toward a Critical Indigenous Photographic Exchange: Will Wilson’s CIPX at the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico: “Critical Indigenous Photographic Exchange, New Mexico Museum of Art, Santa Fe Indian Market, 2012. Archival pigment print from wet plate collodion scan. Jackson takes a picture of an Indian taking a picture of an Indian as Andrew Smith protects his soul from theft.” Photo credit: © Will Wilson, courtesy of the artist. ii Abstract This thesis investigates the relationship between historical ethnographic photographs of Native Americans, their disposition in archives and collections, and the relationship of those images to their contemporary circulation and use by Native American artists, and others, particularly in New Mexico. Having undertaken original research into mid-19th century photographs in archives internationally, pertaining to Native America in the American Southwest, new histories and a re- framing of the photographs in question has been assembled. This portion of the research was undertaken both as a starting point for further investigation, and as a return to the people of New Mexico, particularly the Indigenous inhabitants of that place.
    [Show full text]
  • Franz Boas's Legacy of “Useful Knowledge”: the APS Archives And
    Franz Boas’s Legacy of “Useful Knowledge”: The APS Archives and the Future of Americanist Anthropology1 REGNA DARNELL Distinguished University Professor of Anthropology University of Western Ontario t is a pleasure and privilege, though also somewhat intimidating, to address the assembled membership of the American Philosophical ISociety. Like the august founders under whose portraits we assemble, Members come to hear their peers share the results of their inquiries across the full range of the sciences and arenas of public affairs to which they have contributed “useful knowledge.” Prior to the profes- sionalization of science in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the boundaries between disciplines were far less significant than they are today. Those who were not experts in particular topics could rest assured that their peers were capable of assessing both the state of knowledge in each other’s fields and the implications for society. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington were all polymaths, covering what we now separate into several kinds of science, humanities, and social science in ways that crosscut one another and illustrate the permeability of disciplinary boundaries. The study of the American Indian is a piece of that multidisciplinary heri- tage that constituted the APS and continues to characterize its public persona. The Founding Members of the Society all had direct and seminal experience with the Indians and with the conflict between their traditional ways of life and the infringing world of settler colonialism. On the one hand, they felt justified in exploiting Native resources, as surveyors, treaty negotiators, and land speculators. On the other hand, the Indians represented the uniqueness of the Americas, of the New World that defined itself apart from the decadence of old Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Intellectuals, Blackness, and Inter-Americanism in Mexico After 1910
    ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: IN BLACK AND BROWN: INTELLECTUALS, BLACKNESS, AND INTER-AMERICANISM IN MEXICO AFTER 1910 Theodore Cohen, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013 Dissertation directed by: Professor Mary Kay Vaughan Department of History “In Black and Brown” examines how blackness and Africanness became constituent elements of Mexican culture after the Revolution of 1910. In refuting the common claim that black cultures and identities were erased or ignored in the post-revolutionary era, it argues that anthropologists, historians, (ethno)musicologists, and local intellectuals integrated black and, after 1940, African-descended peoples and cultures into a democratic concept of national identity. Although multiple historical actors contributed to this nationalist project, three intellectuals—composer and ethnomusicologist Gerónimo Baqueiro Foster (1898-1967), anthropologist Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán (1908-1996), and city of Veracruz poet Francisco Rivera (1908-1994)—most coherently identified Africanness in Mexican history and culture. As these state and local intellectuals read ethnographic texts about African cultural retentions throughout the Western Hemisphere, they situated these cultural practices in specific Mexican communities and regional spaces. By tracing the inter-American networks that shaped these identities, “In Black and Brown” asserts that the classification of blackness and Africanness as Mexican was in conversation with the refashioning of blackness, Africanness, and indigeneity across the Americas and was part of the
    [Show full text]
  • Annotations 1963-2005
    The Anthropological Caribbeana: Annotations 1963-2005 Lambros Comitas CIFAS Author Title Description Annotation Subject Headings 1977. Les Protestants de la Guadeloupe et la Les Protestants de la Guadeloupe et Author deals with origin of Protestants in Guadeloupe, their social situation, problem of property, and communauté réformée de Capesterre sous Abénon, Lucien la communauté réformée de maintenance of the religion into 18th century. Rather than a history of Protestantism in Guadeloupe, this is an GUADELOUPE. L'Ancien Régime. Bulletin de la Société Capesterre sous L'Ancien Régime. essay on its importance in the religiou d'Histoire de la Guadeloupe 32 (2):25-62. 1993. Caught in the Shift: The Impact of Industrialization on Female-Headed Caught in the Shift: The Impact of Households in Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles. Industrialization on Female-Headed Changes in the social position of women (specifically as reflected in marriage rates and percentages of Abraham, Eva In Where Did All the Men Go? Female- CURAÇAO. Households in Curaçao, Netherlands children born to unmarried mothers) are linked to major changes in the economy of Curaçao. Headed/Female-Supported Households in Antilles Cross-Cultural Perspective. Joan P. Mencher and Anne Okongwu 1976. The West Indian Tea Meeting: An With specific reference to "tea meetings" on Nevis and St. Vincent, author provides a thorough review of the The West Indian Tea Meeting: An Essay in Civilization. In Old Roots in New NEVIS. ST. VINCENT. Abrahams, Roger history and the development of this institution in the British Caribbean. Introduced by Methodist missionaries Essay in Civilization. Lands. Ann M. Pescatello, ed. Pp. 173-208.
    [Show full text]
  • 8.4 Historical Particularism
    UNIT 8 CLASSICAL THEORIES Contents 8.0 Introduction 8.1 The Beginning: Comparative Method and the Science ofSociety 8.2 ClassicalEvolutionaryTheory 8.3 ClassicalDiffusion Theory 8.4 HistoricalParticularism 8.5 Neo-Diffusionism 8.6 Neo-Evolutionism 8.7 Summary 8.8 References 8.9 Answers to Check Your Progress LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this unit, you willlearn about the following perspectives: the beginning: comparative method and the science of society; evolutionarytheory; diffusion theory; historicalparticularism; neo-evolution: multilinear evolutionand culturalecology; and neo-diffusion: culture area theory. 8.0 INTRODUCTION Anthropology starts as the Science of Man (quite literally as almost all the early scholars were white men). By the sixteenth century,the understanding that humans as a species are part of nature and controlled by its laws like any other species, animals or plants;had taken its roots. Since humans and societywere subject to the laws ofnature, theycould be studied byprinciples ofnaturalscience. In other words an objective, scientific studyofsocietywas possible.Although the human bodywas already an object of medical science, the position of human beings as a species in the schema ofnaturalevolution, were matters that needed academic attention. The most significant paradigmshift was froma religious perspective to a scientific or secular perspective. The scholarly approach was based upon ‘rationality’ and ‘evidence’; following an empirical methodology, where the physical evidence was complimented withdeductive reasoning. Contributor: Professor Subhadra Mitra Channa, Former Professor, Department of 107 Anthropology, University of Delhi Theoretical Perspectives 8.1 THE BEGINNING: COMPARATIVE METHOD AND THE SCIENCE OF SOCIETY Scientific method isbased uponobservation, experimentationand comparison. While inanimate objects can be easily subjected to, such as a process, humans in their societycan onlybe observed to a limited extent and cannot be experimented upon.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 6 Development
    Development CHAPTER 6 Marc Edelman and Angelique Haugerud ‘‘Development’’ is a slippery concept. Is it an ideal, an imagined future toward which institutions and individuals strive? Or is it a destructive myth, anthropology’s ‘‘evil twin’’ (Ferguson 1997), an insidious, failed chapter in the history of Western mod- ernity (Escobar 1995)? Conventionally, ‘‘development’’ may connote improvements in well-being, living standards, and opportunities. It may also refer to processes of commodification, industrialization, modernization, or globalization, and it can be a legitimizing strategy for states. A vision of development as improved well-being, especially in post-colonies, has gradually replaced the one-dimensional economistic measures such as GDP growth, typically favored by neoclassical economists. Influ- enced by scholars such as Amartya Sen, the United Nations Development Program created a Human Development Index that combines indicators of health, life expect- ancy, literacy, formal education, political participation, and access to resources. During roughly the same period, a growing coterie of scholars and grass-roots activists, some of them influenced by Michel Foucault’s understandings of power, has rejected outright the desirability of ‘‘development,’’ which they see as a destruc- tive and self-serving discourse propagated by bureaucrats and aid professionals that permanently entraps the poor in a vicious circle of passivity and misery. Some scholars and activists in the latter category imagine a ‘‘post-development’’ era in which community and ‘‘indigenous’’ knowledge become a reservoir of creative alternatives to development (as argued by A. Escobar, M. Rahnema, V. Bawtree, and W. Sachs, among others). Others focus on alternatives in rather than to development and favor reforms within the existing apparatus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Malinowski Award Papers
    The Dynamics of Applied Anthropology in the Twentieth Century: The Malinowski Award Papers Thomas Weaver Editor and Contributor of Introductory Materials Society for Applied Anthropology Oklahoma City 2002 ii Series Editor: Patricia J. Higgins, Plattsburgh State University Production Designer: Neil Hann, Society for Applied Anthropology, Oklahoma City Production Manager: J. Thomas May, Society for Applied Anthropology, Oklahoma City Copyright 2002 by the Society for Applied Anthropology All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or in any means without permission except in the context of reviews. All inquiries should be addressed to the Society for Applied Anthropology, P.O. Box 24093, Oklahoma City, 73124. Essays in chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 were previously published in Human Organization. The essay in chapter 23 was previously published in The Future of Anthropology: Its Relevance to the Contemporary World, Akbar S. Ahmed and Cris N. Shore, eds. (London: Athlone, 1995). iii Contents vii Acknowledgements viii About the Editor 1 Chapter 1: The Malinowski Award and the History of Applied Anthropology Thomas Weaver 14 Chapter 2: Malinowski as Applied Anthropologist Thomas Weaver 34 Chapter 3: Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán: Applied Anthropology and Indigenous Policy Thomas Weaver 38 Applied Anthropology in Mexico Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán (Tucson 1973) 45 Chapter 4: Everett C. Hughes: Urban Sociology, Social Problems, and Ethics Thomas Weaver 48 Who Studies Whom? Everett C. Hughes (Boston 1974) 59 Chapter 5: Gunnar Myrdal: Interdisciplinary Research, Policy Science, and Racism Thomas Weaver 62 The Unity of the Social Sciences Gunnar Myrdal (Amsterdam 1975) 69 Chapter 6: Edward H.
    [Show full text]
  • POWER and ITS DISGUISES Anthropological Perspectives on Politics
    POWER AND ITS DISGUISES Anthropological Perspectives on Politics Second Edition JOHN GLEDHILL Pluto P Press LONDON • STERLING, VIRGINIA First published 1994 Second Edition 2000 by PLUTO PRESS 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA and 22883 Quicksilver Drive, Sterling, VA 20166–2012, USA www.plutobooks.com Copyright © John Gledhill 1994, 2000 The right of John Gledhill to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7453 1686 7 hbk ISBN 0 7453 1685 9 pbk Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Gledhill, John. Power and its disguises : anthropological perspectives on politics / John Gledhill.—2nd ed. p. cm.—(Anthropology, culture and society) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–7453–1686–7 1. Political anthropology. 2. Power (Social sciences) I. Title. II. Series. GN492.G55 2000 306.2—dc21 00–026069 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 10987654321 Designed and produced for Pluto Press by Chase Production Services Typeset from disk by Stanford DTP Services, Northampton Printed in the European Union by TJ International, Padstow CONTENTS Preface to the Second Edition vii 1. Locating the political: a political anthropology for today 1 How not to use the West as a point of departure 8 The distinctiveness of the modern state 15 Wider implications of historical discontinuity 18 Political anthropology reconstituted 20 2. The origins and limits of coercive power: the anthropology of stateless societies 23 The externalization of the political as the negation of power 27 Sexual politics in stateless societies 32 Civilization, mother of barbarism 38 ‘Stateless societies’ under the modern state 41 3.
    [Show full text]