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The Effects of Gipsy People Migration from Hunedoara on Interethnic Communication

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The Effects of Gipsy People Migration from Hunedoara on Interethnic Communication SECTION: COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC RELATIONS LDMD I THE EFFECTS OF GIPSY PEOPLE MIGRATION FROM HUNEDOARA ON INTERETHNIC COMMUNICATION Tiberiu CRISOGEN DÎSCĂ, Assistant, PhD and Teodor PĂTRĂUŢĂ, Prof., PhD, “Vasile Goldis” University of the West, Arad Abstract: In accordance with the population census in 2012, in the municipality of Hunedoara, there were 990 people, Roma, out of a total of 60525, i.e. a rate of 1.63%. Unlike in 2002, when the population was 71257 Hunedoara, held a "loss" 10732 people overall, i.e. 15%, while the Roma population suffered a loss of 179 people, i.e. 6.5%. Of course, these data should be viewed with circumspection regarding the Roma, because some do not have the correct ethnicity declared. The reality of the existence of numerous "vile" Gypsy shows that migration of the Roma has been "beneficial". For example, the "Villa of Piedone" is populated only by the stable's father, because the rest of the "family" is in England. Some family members come, from time to time in the country with "achievements", and then go back to "work". In terms of education, schools in town that have programmes for Romani students were not too affected by the migration. Since 2003, the General School No. 9 was involved in the „Phare project " – “Access to education for disadvantaged groups with focus on Roma ". As a result of the project the school started teaching the romani language, and the date, the number of students is about the same. In terms of mentality, but the effects are disastrous. Hunedoara`s society perceives as most Roma thieves while for negative perception of the Romanians in Europe the main culprits are all ... Gypsies. Why the Roma do not have returned from the West with "European" habits but only with European goods? Why is there a "romanianization" of Gypsies but rather a "ţiganizare" of the Romanians? Why all the projects carried out with European money, or hunedoreni, all national associations, NGOs and political parties were not "civilized" this ethnicity? Where it leads this current "trend" towards the Roma? Keywords: interethnic, gipsy, migration, Hunedoara, projects The owners of slaves had virtually unlimited rights over them, with the exception of the right to take life. The only obligation of the owners of slaves was to provide food and clothing of slaves who worked the Prince Court, in addition to the courts ' or mănăstire9. Prejudices regarding Gypsies were already heavily entrenched in mentalities and served to justify the condition of slaves which were subjected to. They were charged with, inter alia, of antropofagie, and there are even fears that, at the end of the world, the Gypsies were to call the Antichrist, who will măcelări Christians and they will eat copiii10. Starting in the mid-18th century, were adopted more reforms to improve the fate of Gypsies. Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica was outraged by the manner in which they are treated. A rule in 1785 prohibits such separation of brothers and sisters through their distribution to several Lords, but ban and mixed marriages, to avoid enslavement românilor11. 5 If the first Roma groups that have made inroads to the West have gone virtually unnoticed in the early 15th century, Roma have come to the attention of authorities 115 SECTION: COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC RELATIONS LDMD I in various parts of Western Europe. At first, the receipt of which was reserved for them was good. In order to be able to justify their presence and movements through the West, various groups of Roma they pretended to be pilgrims on their way to the holy sites. Soon, however, the attitude of Western European society has changed, the Roma being expelled from places where they were placed, being prohibited entry into cities and being constantly threatened with punishments of the hardest. Due to a an act of 1537 says, from the time of H. VIII: "is a particular foreign nation, which does not practise any profession to feed, but in large numbers, roams from place to place and secretly uses cunning means to corrupt her Majesty's subjects". The effects of migration population Roma of Hunedoara on the interethnic communication history First mentions of Roma, known as atigani, today's territory of Romania, dating from 1385 and are contained in a deed of donation of the voievod Dan I of Wallachia the Tismana Monastery. Other similar statements appear and during the reign of Mircea cel Bătrân. An act of Mircea cel Bătrân, specialists from 1390-1406, also contains the first mention of groups of Roma in the territory of Transylvania. The first definite dates but in 1416 and refer to the donations made by the city of New York by a group of Roma in passing through the region. The presence of Roma in Moldova is first mentioned in 1428, during the reign of Alexandru cel Bun, and this time in a deed of donation by a convent. Another attitude, often seen as early as the 16th century, which culminated in the 18th century, is aimed at the assimilation of the Roma, particularly through measures aimed at the prohibition of any brutal manifestations of their own identity and the destruction of social structures of Roma communities. Maria-Theresa forbids to dwell in huts or tents and force them to raise their fixed housing. Up and lose the name of Gypsy and are now called "new peasants" or "new Hungarian". It is forbidden to speak their own language and forced to adopt dialect and people from the port. Movement from one county to another is not possible without a passport. Children are snatched from their families and committed families of peasants to grow them or who are placed in orphanages. These measures are not always rigorously applied, however, and, after the death of Maria-Theresa, some gypsies back to their nomadic way of viaţă7. Joseph II wanted him to "civilize" the Gypsies of Transylvania and issue a circular in this regard on 12 September 1782. Little by little, the liberal ideas of the West make their way and, in 1837, the Divan of Wallachia dezrobeşte Gypsies who belonged to the State, the colonizându Boyar villages. Arable lands and receive the Gypsies are treated as liberi12 peasants. In Moldova the ruler Prince Ghica example follows Part of Wallachia and, on 31 January 1844, presents a public Assembly a draft abolishing slavery for Gypsies clergy and for those who practice crafts in cities: "Roma with home, belonging to the clergy, sloboziţi, enters the other class free, residents will enjoy the same rights and fulfil the obligations related to their property according to law, will also be forced to pay taxes like other contributors ' 13. The draft is voted on and, shortly afterward, Prince Bibescu shall turn unto the clergy in Wallachia. No longer remain slaves than Gypsies who belonged to boierilor14. Gypsy children are compelled to attend school, to follow a religious education shall be prohibited to walk naked in the streets or to sleep at sixes and Sevens, girls and boys, in huts. Except that the check lippovans gold in rivers or in the mines, the Gypsies do not have the right to possess horses. Any landowner is required to give them the Gypsy are on the field of a piece of land 116 SECTION: COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC RELATIONS LDMD I on which to grow, thus iniţiindu in farm work. Trade and regular annual fairs at trocurile they are, starting now, be prohibited. In order to be able to îndeletnici with music or other specific occupations, they had to be satisfied first that end tasks. For several centuries, from their arrival in Wallachia and Moldavia until the middle of the 19th century, Roma have had a social status in the society. The status of slaves. Slaves could be sold or donated. In 1848, the revolution in Wallachia, the total abolition of bondage getting. But independence was short-lived: the Russians and the Turks, and entered the Romanian countries, reinstaurează robia15. In December 1855 in Moldavia Prince Grigore Ghica decides on release of all Gypsies, and, in February 1856, Prince Barbu Ştirbei end release the Gypsy in Wallachia, garnering slobozirii votes to those who belonged to private individuals. Now there was no longer a Gypsy slaves in Moldova, Wallachia, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, first ruler is at the forefront of the United Romanian principalities (1859), will do everything to wipe out remaining traces of robiei16. A number of major changes have marked the Roma in Romania between the two world wars. Due to the modernization of the Romanian economy, a large proportion of Roma communities which maintained traditional occupations were forced for economic reasons, to change their occupation. These occupational changes have resulted in changes of the social structure of the comunităţilor17. In the ' 30s is starting to shape up the idea of a nationwide organization of Roma. In 1933 are set up two national-scale: the Association of Gypsies in Romania and the Union of Roma in Romania. These organizations, who championed "Roma emancipation and redeşteptarea nation" have contributed significantly to the emergence of a process of crystallization of the consciousness of ethnic identity of the Roma. The leaders of Roma organizations from this period are those trying to impose the use of the term "Roma" instead of "Gypsy", heavily steeped in negative18 connotations. Another extremely difficult for Roma communities throughout Europe was represented by the World War II. During the Fascist regimes in many European countries the Roma have suffered persecution, were imprisoned and deported to the extermination camps. -Roma-anthem "Gelem, gelem" (I travelled, I traveled), composed by Yarko Yovanovic. -international day of the Roma-April 8.
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