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Istoria Romanieor Gc=4,4' =3cm...c "---7,c=x:=>rc c=srx=a<= c=7.=4=.2c cec=u=74,...=3 c=eoc.-.-Atc= or,=n pi.= cep x0 ii 0 0 o N. IORGA w 0 N i .0, - 1 ISTORIA ROMANIEOR VOL. IX 1INIFICATORII 11.0 t BUCURE TI RA - 1938 -r 1=e.c.--,==.7,,,==.=014=0 cre=;=-:p=3=-2,,-..c=4r.c.. cs.c= N. IORGA .:" ISTORIA ROMANILOR VOL. IX UNIFICATORII BUCURE$T1 1938 UNIFICATORII CARTEA Ia PREGAT1REA UNIR1I PRINC1PATELOR (1- VI) CARTEA a Ila. UNIR E A (vII - XII) CAPITOLUL I. Spiritul nou in luptã cu protectoratul rusesc Contra generatiei care pe basa Regulamentulni Organic in- cercase a duce mai deparle desvollarea poporului romanesc se va ridica, Incetul pe Ince tut,$iprin scolile de curand intemeiate, dar mai ales prin stadiile neindreptatei ncsu- praveghiate pe care le facuse in strainatate, o alta. Fara a excepta pe fiiilui Dumilrachi Ribescu, dintre cari cel mai in vrfisla era la Paris, fa-And sludii de drepl pc care na le-a ispravit, la 1819 1,erriu oameni formati mntain un tara, si la Moldoveni sila Munteni, Imo ori supl grija parintilor, exemplard la aceia, alte ori lasati In sama pre- ceptorilor straini, cari, In general, aveau pe aceastä vreme ideile, mai potolar, ale epocii liii Ludovic-Filip. La Munteni, cu toata harnic iactivitat,e a lai Vaillant, d-veaLl bulali pro- fesor publicsidirector de Colegiu, pand cc alitudinea lui politica II facu silIiprivil, ea saw film dreptale, ea revo- lutionar, suPus prigonirii, nu era MO pensionul pentru no- bilime, pe care. de sigur cu mijloace mull inferioare, .11 crease, la Iasi, un Cu6nim, cu asociatiibd. A gasi inceputurile acestci gencratii,a-i urmari actiunea pan g.Inmomentul cand ea incearca a da inäi directia vieii publiee, e cea d'intAiu sarcina a cui urmareste dcsvoltarea societatii romanesti. Fald de starea de lueruri createi de Ilegulamelful Organic elemental de prefaeere, lie0prin conspiralii fi ate metode revolulionare, nu putea veni insa1111117 ri din mi jlocul SOCie- ttii boierefti mai tinere,ci ea selas Iincainj ,w quiI ;,1 Iorga. Docamenteil,bei-Vodd,11,p.611,n-let 11, 8 Pregatirea tJnirii Principatelor de agitatoristraini,cart,orivoiau sd introducl in pile noastre an regim ca acela care fusese inaugurat in Fran(a de revolu(ia de la 1830, creatoare a regatild(ii Francesilor" pentru ducele de Orleans, devenitLadoeic-Filip,ori sd rds- bune asupra Rusilor, stdpdni in Bucuresti fi fn la.i, infrdn- gerea revolu(iei polone. Agentul austriac, restabilit in 1832, nu putea saibt nicio influenta in Muntenia, fiind dat si confliclul permanent in ce priveste situatia in Tara-Romancasa a pastorilor ardeleni, cari intrau in dusmanie cu mosierii ingrijiti de noile lor recolte. Amintirile ernigratici in Ardcal nu erau ale mai bane, pe and Moldovenii pastrau legaturile cu Bucovina. Dar si acestia regretau lipsa de energic a politicei lui Metternich, prea mull preocupal de politia sa centra liberalismului apu- sean, In aoestelalte rcgiuni. Un Roznovanu prevedea vremca and unellirile rusesti, dup a. cc vor fi subminal Lorena]. in Austria, vor rascula populatiile slavesiromfinesticare se afl a.la granila rLisariteana 1. Oprit numal la Bucuresti 2, Englesul Blutte, considerat ca un original, avuse o ciocnire cu Chiselev ftrsa poata capata o satisfactie. El n'avca legatturi deat cu persoane razlete pand prin anii, and anume interese europene creara frontul di- plomatic nou al Puterilor maritime" 3. Cu totul allfel a fost and, la 1835, locul luia font luat de rdnaruliactivul Colquhoun 4,In acelasi tinip ap.dreau In presa englesd arti- cole despre posibilitatea independenfri romdnesti 5. Si supt ocupatia ruseasca consulii francesi, un Lagan, in- taiu. la Iasi, un Mimaut, urmasul acestuia in Moldova, avu- serä influenta asupra afacerilor publice 6.Interesandu-se de starea spiritelor de la noi, primal constata, la 1828, a boierii munteni, supusi unui aspru regim, si-au pierdut simpatiile 1 N. Hodos, in IIurmuzaki, XVII, p. 332. 2 Totu§i o alAtorie la Iasi In 1828; Iorga, in Hurmuzaki, X, p. 56, no. LxI; p. 57, no. LALL. 3 Interventie a lui pentru comcrtul englcs; N. Hodus, Hurmuzaki, XVII, p. 316, no. CDXCIV. 4 Ibid., p. 465, no. DIN. 5Ibid., p.492. 6 Ibid., p. 333. Si alti agenti francesi, ca Hugot din Bucuresti§i Viullier deaIa§i, apar incurstil razboiului. .. .. -.."- V'' 2t,k7-- ,'';', .7 ---.. _ . .....- 14-, ,!----- -P !'"nsf..--11,7::-- _, , -' ,---. .. '"!,...........-.i...11...-.64,-- .. :..-7,-..".-.... I --- ;.;1:. r, ., Adunarea muntean5. in 1831. Adunarea munteara in 1831. Spiritul nou In luptl cu protectoratul rusesc 9 pentru Rusi, si el declara, Inca de la Inoeputul aeestui regim, cit unii din el spent ca. se va face din Moldova, Tara-Rornd- neaslea, Serbia si Bosnia o contederatie a Dunarii, suptga- rantia Marilor Pu leri"1. La Iasiel observd cit5ifemeile, a caror influenta e mare", sant Impotriva unei cirmuiri brutale 2. Gand Wittgen- stein aruncl in cursul aceluiai an cuvantul de independenta", consulul frances semnala ca unii Moldoveni se tern calegit- tura cu Turcii sd nu fie inlocuita cu o protectie mult mai impovaratoare3. Toate abusurile generalilor rusi in. epoca mai rea a acestei stapâniri strtine sant notate si supuse unci critic3 indignate, 'Ana la organisarea pe pthniInt rornânesc a bandelor de aven- turieri balcanici de care Liprandi4 itrimeterea de tdrani de-ai noslri pentru. a cosi In Bulgaria5. Prin Lagan cunoaslem proclamatia din 1829 in care, Intr'un stil umflat, se chiama Romani supt arme ca sit sprijine o1ile rusesli.5. Dupa isprd- virea razboiului, acelasi agent arata ce ar putea gasi comertul frances In aceste tari bogate, reservand insemnatatea noilor porturi dunarene7. La 1833 consulul credea cit ambitia egipteanit, cu Lot ce ea putea produce In Orient, va I 'tali apiraIii1e române51i, si el urma a5a: Valahii sper1, in adevar, ca situatia lor geo- grafiea, Ipsemnttalea lor politicit,intesnirile pretioase co se pot trage de la toate elementele de prosperiLale inchise In aceste tkri intinse, In sfar5il mijloacele uria5e pe care au trebuit A, le dea totdeauna din biel5rug Ru5ilor ca sit-i pule in stare sg.-si Inckapt campaniile si, acum In urma, streact Balcanii, vor atrage asupra loralentia Europe! siiivor ciistiga deoi o existenta asigurata, dupa care suspina mail mult decal. oriand". Sprijinindu.-se ipe o Austrie rechemala la simtul intereselor ei, se asteapLI ajutorul frances pentru do- rinta de neatiirnare, in nee mbenita cresLerc" 8. 1 Ibid., p.67, no. ',XXVIII. 2 Ibid., p. 78, no. cm. 8Ibid., p.123, no. cLxxxvur. 4 Ibid., pp. 152-3, no. ccxxxv. 5 Ibid., p. 157. Biciairea lurnii pe stradil la Bucuresti, de Cazaci; ibid., p. 214, no. cccxxxvi. 6 Ibid., p. 172. 7Ibid., p. 263 si urm. 8Ibid., p. 286, no. CDXXV/I. 10 PregAtireaIlnirii Prireipatelor Ciind amiralul Row:sin luera Ia Constantinopol contra im- punerii rucesti care diklu tratalul de la Hunchiar-Schelesi cu Sultanul Mahmud, atacat de Egipteni, unii boieri cerurd sfat lai Lagan, arAtAnd ca Austriecii nu se misch pentru ei 1,si din nou vdrean cererile de iiidependentd, cu rdscumpdrarea Lribubdui..Ei ar figala sit ceard pentru aceasta sprijinul franco-engles la Conslantinopol 3. La 1834, când crisa ori,entald nu mai eira a3a de violent:a, dupd ce se Incheiaseintaiul capitol al problemei egiplene, acelasi baron de Bois-le-Comte, care avuse o misiune pe lângd Mehemed-A114, fu InsAreinatsitraporteze asupra st.driide lucruri n Principate" si aslipra folosului ce 1-ar pulea trage de aeolo Franta.I se comunicard, de toatit lumea bogaleleIiri sigure din care s'a hranit raportal luiIntra altele se vor- boste de o agricultura crescuta de curand cu o cincime, in care productia e de 70Ce la donitsprewoc ori sämanta, aduand un castig de 25 h sutd 6 Tdrile au cu o jumatate mai multe vile decdt Franca, de si ultimul rdzboiu a consumat 500.000 do capete" 7. In dohieniul militar i se vorbise, ihii, de vilejia din vremea lui Mihai Vileazul8. La Iasi, care-i pare mai vioiu decal Bucurestii, trimesul spe- cial grise5te o mare teamd de Rusi, earl se gandesc la anexiunea unor teritorii iii clre ar putea pregiu 100.000 de oameni pen- tru un nou razboiu contra Thrcilor9. Tara ar fi sd aiba deci soarta Poloni.ii a Talarilor, asa 'hick Milyti Sturdza or fi un fel de riliim-Ghirai10. In ce priveste scopurile Rusiei dupd asezarJa Domnilor, acelasi aduce inainte euvintele co le-ar fi spus Chiselev lui Alexandru Ghica: Crezi cd te-am pus aici ca sd domnesti in numele d-lale?",,. Culare boier moldovean asigurd ca, daca 1Ibid., p. 292, no. CDXLVII. Cf. ibid., p. 300, no. cuucnc. 2Ibid., p. 303, no. CDLXXIV. 3Ibid., p. 306, no. CDLXXX. 4Iorga, Gesclz. des osm. Reiclies, V, p. 372. 5 N. Hodos, Hunnuzaki, XVII. p.328 si unn. 6 Ibid., p.339. Ibid., p.310. 8 Ibid., p.350. 9 Ibid., pp. 370-1. 10 Ibid., p 370 I 11 id Spiritul nou In lupta cu nrotectoratul rusesc 11 ar fi biruit revolutia polona, cu ajutorul Franciei, toata tara s'ar fi ridicat contra Rusilor 1.Si se puma In perspectiva marele rol ce ar putea ju.ca Franta u aoest Sud-Est european, in sfarsit liberat.2. Unirea celor cloud (dri inFr'o Dacie, ca Hare Ducat, se im- pune, spune acest agent, prin tot cei acuma le leagei. Atatea asatorii 0 pregAtesc. Moldoveniti au inceput a se considera numai ca Romani, de origine romano-daca". Dom1n.ul asiezat la Bucuresti, mai departe de hotarul rusesc, ar sta o bucala de vreme si In Iasi; s'ar putea alege insa o noua Capitala la Folcsani. Propunerea facutA isupt Rusi de Catargiu, sus- tinuta de Minciaky si de Chiselov, ar fi cazul nmnai pentru nils'a adaus ideia printului strain care sa nu vie din cele trei tari maxi vecine.
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