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1947 Annual Report

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1947 Annual Report THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE FIFTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1947 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1948 CONTENTS Pam Increase in Copyright Businas ......................................................... 1 CatalogofCopyrightEntries .......................................................... 2 Legal Aspacts ....................................................................... 3 Legislation .......................................................................... 3 InternatiodCopright .............................................................. 4 RegistrationbySubjectMatta.1943-47 ................................................ 5 CopyrightDeposits.194 3-47 .......................................................... 6 Gross Receipts. etc.. 1897-1947 ........................................................ 7 Summary of Copyright Businas. 1947 .................................................. 8 hblicatiolvl ........................................................................ 9 THE COPYRIGHT OFFICE REPORT TO TEE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS BY TEE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS IR: The Copyright business and the 354,856 pieces, an increase of 49,807, or S work of the Copyright Office for the 16 percent over the total of 305,049 re- fiscal year July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947, ceived in fiscal year 1946. Of these, inclusive, are summarized as follows: 205,827 were transferred to the collections of the Library. Copies of motion pictures Continuing Increase in Business received during the year, totaling 3,884, It was anticipated that the experience of were returned to the claimants after ex- the Copyright Office with respect to the amination under the arrangement entitling amount of business transacted during and the Library at a subsequent date to claim after the second World War might dupli- one copy for its collections. Deposits in cate the pattern of World War I. This advance of publication, effected under an has occurred. During both wars the arrangement with American book pub- number of registrations fell off markedly, lishers to expedite the issuance of catalog only to rise rapidly to new high totals at cards, increased from 1,091 to 1,345 during their conclusion. For fiscal year 1946 I the year. reported a total of 202,144 registrations- 10 percent more numerous than in any Adjustments to Increase in Business single previous year. For fiscal year 1947 At the beginning of the past fiscal year I have a similar report to make: registra- there were arrears of work in some phases tions totaled 230,215-representing a fur- of the operations of the Office nearly as ther increase of 14 percent over the year high as 50,000 titles. These arrearages immediately preceding. were reduced moe than a third during. There were corresponding increases in the year, in spite of the 16 percent increase receipts and earnings. Gross receipts in deposits. The reduction has been ac- totaled $471,119.41-an increase of 16 complished in several way-through im- percent; and of this amount $442,626.10 provements in the organizational structure was credited during the year as fees earned of the Office, through revision of proce- for registrations and other services. dures and forms, and through the con- The principal increases of registrations tinued training and recruitment of the occurred in the categories of domestic staff to handle these changed procedures. books, pamphlets, musical compositions, In my last Annual Report I described the periodicals and newspapers, and commer- organizational changes being effected to. cial prints and labels. Because of con- render the operations of the Copyright tinued paper shortages, and disturbed Office more efficient, and to take ad- conditions abroad, it is believed that both vantage of certain opportunities for the domestic and foreign registrations of books elimiination of duplicative work as between and pamphlets have not yet reached their the Office and other units of the Library. normal peacetime volume. These changes' have now been completed Materials deposited in accordance with and the present grouping of the various provisions of the Copyright Act numbered units of the Office into four divisions of. 1 REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS, 1947 Service, Examining, Reference and Cata- 15,005 were for music, 3,039 for maps and loging permits more efficient supervision the remainder for pamphlets. of the varied activities, simplification of Further economies were realized by routines and procedures, and improved reducing the number of forms in use and service to the public. by extending the use of the combined Particularly in the Cataloging Division application-certificate form. This form a strenuous effort has been made to fill the eliminates a separate copying operation in positions needed to handle the various the issuance of a certificate, with a result- language and form problems presented ing improvement in speed and accuracy. by the copyright deposits, to fill out the Ten of these forms have replaced twenty- plan of organization, and to devise pro- six forms previously in use, and additional cedures for accelerating the work. This improved forms are in process of prepara- Division has four sections; two are assigned tion. to the handling of books and music; a third treats eleven classes of miscellaneous ThCatalog of Co~#ght Entries materials such as motion pictures, adver- The Copyright Office is required by law tisements, maps, etc., in three units; and to print at periodic intervals a catalog of the fourth is responsible for the prepara- the titles of articles deposited and regis- tion of cumulative catalogs. The Division tered for copyright, together with suitable as a whole is responsible for cataloging the indexes. Hitherto it has been the practice copyright deposits and for the preparation of the Office to issue catalogs for each class and issuance of the published catalogs of of entries in monthly issues with an annual the Office. Its procedures must be ad- index. The increase in the number of justed, if duplication of work is to be registrations and the increased cost of avoided, to those of several divisions in the printing have compelled revision of this Library. Much progress has been made in practice during the past year in favor of this direction. The Division participated the issuance of a single annual volume in the preparation of preliminary rules for with an index for each class of entries. the cataloging of maps, motion pictures, Before the close of the fiscal year, catalogs prints and photographs. New rules for for all classes of registrations for the calen- descriptive cataloging of Library materials dar year 1946, with the exception of were reviewed, and their use was initiated. periodicals, had been sent to the Govern- The form of catalog entries for all classifica- ment Printing Office. Due to the rising tions was simplified. During the past year costs of printing it may be necessary to this Division cataloged 186,538 items, withhold iiom annual publication cata- involving the preparation of 1,084,533 logs of certain categories which are least cards. Techniques were developed with in demand. Mewwhile studies are being a view to producing, in one operation, du- given to methods by which the costs of plicate copies of catalog cards as well as publication can be reduced, and publi- copy for production of the annual catalog cation itself rendered more effective. Also by the photo-offset method. On October in view of the fact that the present printing 14, 1946, the Oflice began to supply copy funds will not permit the continuance of for the Library's printed catalog cards, and the issue of monthly catalogs with annual bi/ the end of the fiscal year it prepared indexes as in the past, the Office is arrang- 7,280 such entries. As a part of this ing to offer its cards for registrations in work it made 11,270 preliminary entries, music, as well as cards in certain other corrected 3,340 other entries, and supplied classes, to those interested in their current 19,884 entries in briefer style of which receipt on a cooperative basis. REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF COPYRIGHTS, 1947 3 &gal Aspects motion pictures as dramatic compositions The rules and regulations of the Copy- does not govern Section 1 (d) of the right Office, last published on October 1, Copyright Act, but Section 5 which sets 1941 under the title Code of Federal up a classification system for convenience Regulations of the CoPyright Oflce have of registration. In still another (Shapiro, been under study during the year with a Bernstein C9 Co., lnc. v. Jerry Vogel Music Co., view to the early issuance of a much needed 161 F. (2d) 406, C. C. A. 2, 1946) the revision. This review has necessitated the court held that the words and music of a study of numerous legal questions, such as musical composition are not separable for the form and position of the copyright copyright purposes; that the composer notice in the case of published motion and lyricist are joint authors, either of pictures, the factors which determine a which "had the statutory privilege of book to be of foreign origin, and the ques- renewal, and, if he did renew, he did so tion whether unpublished maps and other for both." The court also held that a unpublished material may be registered. deposit of the work in the twenty-seventh One of these questions, whether the edit- year of the copyright term was valid. ing of music creates copyrightable material, Legislation which has led to considerable
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