AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM STUDY, 1999

USER'S GUIDE FOR THE MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILE

SSDA Study No. 1018

Principal Investigators

Gow, David John University of Queensland

Bean, Clive Queensland University of Technology

McAllister, Ian The Australian National University

User's Guide Prepared by Social Science Data Archives March, 2000 Copyright © 2000 The Australian National University

This publication may be copied in whole or in part by any copying or duplicating process, provided it is not sold except to recover duplicating costs.

Social Science Data Archives Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University ACT 0200 Australia

Telephone: (02) 6249 4400 Email: [email protected] Fax:(02) 6249 4722

National Library of Australia cataloguing in publication:

(printed User's Guide only)

Australian Constitutional Referendum Survey, 1999

ISBN 0 7315 5212 1

1. Constitutional amendments – Australia – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. 2. Monarchy – Australia – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. 3. Republicanism – Australia – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. 4. Referendum – Australia – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. 5. Australia – Politics and government – 1990- - Public opinion – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. 6. Australia – Social conditions – 1990- – Data processing – Handbooks, manuals etc. I. Gow, David (David John). II. Bean, Clive. III . McAllister, Ian. IV. Australian National University. Social Science Data Archives. (Series : SSDA study).

025.06328294

SSDA Study Series (User's guide only) ISSN 0728-9766 SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVES MRDF CATALOGUING DURING PRODUCTION DATA (Machine-readable data file plus user's guide)

Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999 [computer file] / Principal investigators David John Gow, Clive Bean and Ian McAllister. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University [distributor], 2000. 1 data file (3431 logical records) + accompanying user's guide.

Summary: The 1999 Australian Constitutional Referendum Study was conducted to investigate the Australian electorate's attitudes towards the significant political issues surrounding the 1999 constitutional referendum. As part of the Australian Election Study series, the 1999 ACRS provides a perspective on the political attitudes and behaviour of the Australian public which, in turn, can be compared to those attitudes recorded at past and future electoral events. The 1999 ACRS also functions more specifically as a means of investigating the patterns of public opinion concerning the republic and its specific features.

Variables include voting preference; degree of exposure to media reporting of the Referendum; level of interest in the Referendum debate; past and present political affiliation; party voted for in the last (1998) election; evaluation of parties, politicians and key participants in the Referendum debate; views on national identity, preferred head of state and the importance of the Queen and the Royal Family to Australia; knowledge of the current role of the Queen and the Governor General and future role the President if Australia became a republic; perceived changes to powers held by the Prime Minister and the President, political stability in Australia, Australia's standing in the world, and ease of future constitutional reform; attitudes to a range of issues including unions, big business, income distribution, law enforcement, equal opportunities for migrants/women, Aboriginal land rights; and views on the preferred function of society, government and the law.

Background variables include level of education, employment status, occupation, type of employer, position at workplace, trade union membership, sex, age, own and parents country of birth, parents' political preferences, religion, marital status, income, and where applicable, the occupation, trade union membership and political preference of the respondent's spouse. SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVES

The Social Science Data Archives (SSDA), established in 1981, is located within the Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University. The role of the Archives is to collect and preserve computer-readable data relating to social, political and economic affairs and to make that data available for further analysis. The SSDA actively seeks social science data from universities, government organisations and market research companies within Australia to ensure that data which might otherwise be lost is preserved for future use. The SSDA also obtains data from overseas data archives on request from Australian researchers.

The Archives accepts only computer-readable data, preferably on disk or CD-Rom, and requires documentation describing the data - for example, a questionnaire, coding frame, and a copy of any written documents or publications describing the data collection procedures. These assist the SSDA in processing the data so that they may be reliably stored, catalogued, indexed, and accessed by standard statistical software – and made available to users for secondary research.

The SSDA holds over 1000 datasets, including opinion polls, Census data, and survey data from many fields of social science. Complete information about the SSDA and its holdings is available on its WWW pages at http://ssda.anu.edu.au/

For further information, please feel free to phone or write to us.

SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVES Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University CANBERRA ACT 0200 Phone: + 61 2 6249 4400 Fax: + 61 2 6249 4722 Email: [email protected] CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE vi

STUDY DESCRIPTION vii

CODEBOOK xiii

Table of contents for codebook xv

Codebook Information xix

Variable description and frequency distributions 1

Section A: The Referendum Campaign 2

Section B: Political Parties and Leaders 9

Section C: National Identity and the Head of State 19

Section D: Issues and Social Policy 39

Section E: Education and Work 48

Section F: Personal Background 53

CODEBOOK NOTES 67

FREQUENCIES ADDENDUM 83

QUESTIONNAIRE 91

v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE

All manuscripts based in whole or in part on these data should:

(i) identify the data, original investigators and data distributors by including the bibliographic reference for the data file given below:

Bibliographic Reference

Gow, David John, Clive Bean and Ian McAllister, Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 2000.

(ii) declare that those who carried out the original analysis and collection of the data bear no responsibility for the further analysis or interpretation of them.

In order to assemble essential information about the use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about users' research activities, individuals are requested to deposit two copies of each completed manuscript, thesis abstract, or reprint with the Social Science Data Archives.

vi Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

STUDY DESCRIPTION

IDENTIFICATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Title of Study Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Local archive where study is stored Social Science Data Archives Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University ACT 0200 number of study (data set): 1018

Depositor Dr David John Gow Centre for Public Administration University of Queensland QLD 4072

Date of Deposit 25 February, 2000

Principal Investigator(s) Gow, David John University of Queensland

Bean, Clive Queensland University of Technology

McAllister, Ian Australian National University

Funding Agency Australian Research Council Grant No. A79937265

Other Identifications/Acknowledgements Data Producers: Social Science Data Archives

ANALYSIS CONDITIONS

Research Topic (Abstract) The 1999 Australian Constitutional Referendum Study was conducted to investigate the Australian electorate's attitudes towards the significant political issues surrounding the 1999 constitutional referendum. As part of the Australian Election Study series, the 1999 ACRS provides a perspective on the political attitudes and behaviour of the Australian public which, in turn, can be compared to those attitudes recorded at past and future electoral events. The 1999 ACRS also functions more specifically as a means of investigating the patterns of public opinion concerning the republic and its specific features.

Variables include voting preference; degree of exposure to media reporting of the Referendum; level of interest in the Referendum debate; past and present political affiliation; party voted for in the last (1998) election; evaluation of parties, politicians and key participants

vii Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999 in the Referendum debate; views on national identity, preferred head of state and the importance of the Queen and the Royal Family to Australia; knowledge of the current role of the Queen and the Governor General and future role the President if Australia became a republic; perceived changes to powers held by the Prime Minister and the President, political stability in Australia, Australia's standing in the world, and ease of future constitutional reform; attitudes to a range of issues including unions, big business, income distribution, law enforcement, equal opportunities for migrants/women, Aboriginal land rights; and views on the preferred function of society, government and the law.

Background variables include level of education, employment status, occupation, type of employer, position at workplace, trade union membership, sex, age, own and parents country of birth, parents' political preferences, religion, marital status, income, and where applicable, the occupation, trade union membership and political preference of the respondent's spouse.

Subject Terms Attitudes; Culture; Education; Elections; Employment; Immigration; Income; International relations; Political parties; Politicians; Political ideologies; Politics; Social policy; Trade unions;

Kind of Data survey

Time Dimensions cross-sectional (one-time) study partial replication

Definition of Total Universe persons on the Australian electoral roll at the close of rolls, October, 1999.

Sampling Procedures disproportionate stratified systematic random sample of Australian electors.

The sample was stratified (disproportionately) by State/Territory in order to provide at least 500 respondents from each of the six Australian states so as to facilitate separate analysis of each state. Sample units were drawn as follows: 1000 from each of the six states (NSW, Vic, Qld, WA, SA and Tasmania), 100 from the Australian Capital Territory, and 50 from the Northern Territory.

The sample of Australian electors was drawn from the Commonwealth Electoral Roll by the Australian Electoral Commission following the close of rolls for the 1999 referendum on 8 October 1999. All Australian citizens aged 18 years and over are required by law to enrol (“register”) for federal elections and referendums. British subjects who were on the roll immediately before 26 January 1984 are also qualified to enrol and vote. Citizens who are aged 17 may provisionally enrol and are eligible to vote if their 18th birthday falls on or before polling date.

The Australian Electoral Commission supplied electors’ names and address information only, to be used for this study alone.

viii Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Number of Units (Cases) number of units in original sample: 6150 number of units out of scope: return-to-sender: 234 received - filled out by someone else: 6 received - person deceased: 5 received - person incapable of filling in: 84 received - person away/overseas/in gaol: 28 number of replacements: 0 number of units in scope: 5821 number of cases (unweighted): 3431

Dates of Data Collection first date of data collection: 5 November 1999 (mail-out date) last date of data collection: 2 March 2000 (closing date for returns)

Method of Data Collection self-completion (mail out, mail back)

Actions to Minimise Losses A thankyou/reminder postcard was sent to all respondents and non- respondents 11 days after the original mail-out (16 November 1999). A second reminder letter and questionnaire were sent to remaining non- respondents three weeks after the original mail-out (30 November 1999). A final reminder letter and third questionnaire were sent five weeks after the original mail-out (17 December 1999).

Data Gathering staff Social Science Data Archives

DIMENSIONS OF DATA SET number of cases: 3431 number of variables per case: 168

Weighting Weighting criterion to adjust the distribution of responding electors by State/Territory to an equivalent random sample of the national electorate.

Weighting procedure There are two considerations in deriving the sample weights:

(1) Representativeness: ensuring that the resulting (weighted) sample accurately reflects the proportion of electors enrolled in each State/ Territory. The present data constitute a disproportionate stratified sample that “under-samples” the more populous states of NSW and Victoria, and “over-samples” the smaller states and territories. Thus weights are necessary to adjust the sample by State/Territory to reflect the distribution of enrolments in the population (Australian electors) at the close of the electoral rolls for the referendum.

(2) Precision: ensuring that, after adjusting for these proportions, the resulting sample size is appropriate. Statistical software packages calculate statistics and significance values under the assumption that the data constitute a simple random (probability) sample selected from a large population. Consequently, most statistical software packages do not take the effects of complex sample designs into account. Providing the variances of an item are similar in each State/Territory, the effective sample size indicates the sample size of a simple random sample with

ix Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

(approximately) equivalent precision to the sample design used in the present study. When the sample is adjusted to the effective sample size, statistics from software packages can be used.

The effective sample size, the simple random sample size that would give an estimate of equivalent precision to the sample design used in this study, is calculated as:

1/n = S[(Nh/N)(Nh/N)(1/nh)] where the summation is across States and Territories and Nh = number of enrolments in the hth State/Territory N = number of enrolments in Australia nh = number of responding electors from the State/Territory.

There are 28 additional cases in the file that were returned with the identification number removed and, therefore, the respondents’ State/ Territory is unknown. The weight for these cases is 1. Applying the above formula reduces the sample size from 3431 to an effective sample size of 2311 cases.

The weights, which are included as a variable in the data file, adjust the sample for both representativeness and sample precision. Details of the weights and other relevant information are given in the following table.

Enrolment Sample In Response Weighted State (000’s) (%) size Scope Response rate Weight Response

NSW 4133 33.4 1000 948 507 53.5 1.5057 763.4 VIC 3161 25.6 1000 941 557 59.2 1.0482 583.9 QLD 2222 18.0 1000 926 517 55.8 0.7937 410.4 WA 1172 9.5 1000 944 548 58.1 0.3949 216.4 SA 1028 8.3 1000 945 607 64.2 0.3128 189.9 TAS 326 2.6 1000 949 588 62.0 0.1023 60.2 ACT 212 1.7 100 95 57 60.0 0.6869 39.2 NT 108 0.8 50 45 22 48.9 0.9061 19.9 UNKNOWN ------28 28 --- 1.0000 28.0 ------Total 12362 100.0 6150 5821 3431 58.9 2311.2

Source: Enrolment data are extracted from the Australian Electoral Commission, Electoral Newsfile, No. 85, 14th October 1999. There are very minor discrepancies between the above enrolments numbers and those subsequently reported in the Australian Electoral Commission’s official website (http://www.aec.gov.au).

“Out of Scope” is defined as being all survey instruments “returned to sender”, (except “RTS – Refused”), with notification that the addressee was deceased, incapable of completing the survey instrument, away, overseas, or in gaol; or if the study directors were advised that the survey instrument was filled out by someone other than the addressee.

ACCESSIBILITY

A copy of the User Undertaking Form must be signed before data may be accessed.

x Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

REFERENCES TO RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS/RESULTS/STUDIES

References to related studies Bean, Clive et al. Australian Election Study, 1998 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1998. [SSDA No. 1001].

Jones, Roger et al. Australian Election Study, 1996 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1996. (SSDA No. 943).

Jones, Roger et al. Australian Candidate Study, 1996 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1996. (SSDA No. 944).

Jones, Roger et al. Australian Election Study, 1993 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1993. (SSDA No. 763)

McAllister, Ian et al. Australian Candidate Study, 1993 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1993. (SSDA No. 764).

McAllister, Ian et al. Australian Election Study, 1990 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1990. (SSDA No. 570)

Gow, David et al. Australian Candidate Study, 1990 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1990. (SSDA No. 571).

McAllister, Ian and Mughan, Anthony. Australian Election Survey, 1987 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1987. (SSDA No. 445).

McAllister, Ian et al. Australian Candidate Study, 1987 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1987. (SSDA No. 479).

Aitkin, Don. Macquarie University Australian Political Attitudes Survey, 1979 [computer file]. Canberra: Social Science Data Archives, The Australian National University, 1982. (SSDA No. 9).

Aitkin, Donald et al. Australian National Political Attitudes Wave II, 1969 [computer file]. Michigan: Inter-University Consortium for Political Research, 1976. (ICPSR No. 7393).

Aitkin, Donald and Kahan, Michael. Australian National Political Attitudes Wave I, 1967 [computer file]. Michigan: Inter-University Consortium for Political Research, 1975. (ICPSR No. 7282).

xi Study Description: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

xii Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

CODEBOOK

xiii Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

xiv Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR CODEBOOK

Variable Page ACC Identification number 1 RETDAY Day of return 1 RETMO Month of return 2 RETYEAR Year of return 2 Section A: The Referendum Campaign 2 A1 A1. Interest usually have in politics 2 A2 A2. Newspapers: Attention to reports in 3 A3P1 A3. Television: Attention to reports in 3 A3P2 A3. Radio: Attention to reports in 3 A4 A4. Interest in referendum campaign 4 A5 A5. Amount discussed referendum with family etc 4 A6P1 A6. Television: Follow Deliberative Poll 4 A6P2 A6. Radio: Follow Deliberative Poll 5 A7 A7. Watch 60 Minutes on Deliberative Poll 5 A8 A8. Voting at referendums should be compulsory 5 A9 A9. Would have voted if not compulsory 6 A10 A10. Care about outcome of referendum 6 A11 A11. When decide how definitely vote in referendum 6 A12 A12. Republic: In referendum vote Yes/No 7 A13 A13. Preamble: In referendum vote Yes/No 7 A14P1 A14. 1st Choice: Direct or 2/3 Pres or Queen 7 A14P2 A14. 2nd Choice: Direct or 2/3 Pres or Queen 8 A15 A15. President to have same powers as GG 8 A16 A16. Knew information about referendum issues 8 Section B: Political Parties and Leaders 9 B1 B1. Party identification 9 B2 B2. Strength of party identification 9 B3 B3. Satisfied with way democracy works in Aust 10 B4 B4. Own left-right position 10 B5 B5. Party voted for last Federal Election 11 B6 B6. If election today, who vote for 11 B7P1 B7. Like/Dislike: Liberal Party 12 B7P2 B7. Like/Dislike: Labor Party 12 B7P3 B7. Like/Dislike: National Party 13 B7P4 B7. Like/Dislike: One Nation 13 B7P5 B7. Like/Dislike: Democrats 14 B7P6 B7. Like/Dislike: Monarchists 14 B7P7 B7. Like/Dislike: Republicans 15 B8P1 B8. Like/Dislike: Kim Beazley 15 B8P2 B8. Like/Dislike: John Howard 16 B8P3 B8. Like/Dislike: Meg Lees 16 B8P4 B8. Like/Dislike: Pauline Hanson 17 B8P5 B8. Like/Dislike: Malcolm Turnbull 17 B8P6 B8. Like/Dislike: Kerry Jones 18 B9 B9. Government trusted/Look after selves 18 B10P1 B10. Federal Politicians know what people think 19 B10P2 B10. No matter who vote for, can/won't make difference 19 Section C: National Identity and the Head of State 19 C1P1 C1. Truly Australian be born in Aust 20 C1P2 C1. Truly Australian be citizen 20 C1P3 C1. Truly Australian live in Aust 20 C1P4 C1. Truly Australian speak English 21 C1P5 C1. Truly Australian be Christian 21 C1P6 C1. Truly Australian respect law 21

xv Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Variable Page C1P7 C1. Truly Australian feel Aust 22 C2P1 C2. Proud of Australian democracy 22 C2P2 C2. Proud of Australian influence 22 C2P3 C2. Proud of Australian economics 23 C2P4 C2. Proud of Australian social sec 23 C2P5 C2. Proud of Australian science 23 C2P6 C2. Proud of Australian history 24 C2P7 C2. Proud of Australian forces 24 C2P8 C2. Proud of Australian sports 24 C2P9 C2. Proud of Australian art 25 C3 C3. Importance of Queen 25 C4 C4. Change or retain Aust flag 25 C5P1 C5. Australia keep ties with Britain 27 C5P2 C5. Proposed Republic- Pres not politician 27 C5P3 C5. Head of state should be Australian 27 C5P4 C5. Republic debate distract from problems 28 C6P1 C6. Rather be Aust citizen than else 28 C6P2 C6. Proud of Aust sports performances 28 C6P3 C6. World better if more like Aust 29 C6P4 C6. Aust better than other countries 29 C7 C7. R descended from convicts 29 C8 C8. How interested in family tree 30 C9 C9. Search WWW for family tree 30 C10 C10. Best describes role of Queen & GG 30 C11 C11. True current role of GG 31 C12 C12. Proposed Republic-role of President more like 31 C13 C13. Proposed Republic-how PM remove President 32 C14 C14. Liberal/Labor favor Republic more 32 C15P1 C15. Proposed Republic-PM more powerful 33 C15P2 C15. Proposed Republic-Pres same as GG 33 C15P3 C15. Proposed Republic-change expensive 33 C15P4 C15. Proposed Republic-stay member Commonwealth 34 C15P5 C15. Proposed Republic-political stability endangered 34 C15P6 C15. Proposed Republic-further reform difficult 34 C15P7 C15. Proposed Republic-Aust more independent 35 C15P8 C15. Proposed Republic-Aust standing improved 35 C15P9 C15. Proposed Republic-PM likely fight with Pres 35 C15P10 C15. Proposed Republic-federal system weakened 36 C15P11 C15. Proposed Republic-more democratic 36 C16P1 C16. Queen guarantees democratic rights 36 C16P2 C16. Queen promotes British interests 37 C17P1 C17. President less likely a politician 37 C17P2 C17. Parties play great role choose President 37 C18P1 C18. Republic change-Australian Flag 38 C18P2 C18. Republic change-National Anthem 38 C18P3 C18. Republic change-'Royal' eg RAN, RAAF 38 C18P4 C18. Republic change-Commonwealth Games 39 C18P5 C18. Republic change-None 39 Section D: Issues and Social Policy 39 D1P1 D1. High tax makes people less willing to work 39 D1P2 D1. Trade unions have too much power 40 D1P3 D1. Big business has too much power 40 D1P4 D1. Income & wealth should be redistributed 40 D1P5 D1. Stricter laws to regulate trade unions 41 D1P6 D1. Death penalty reintroduced for murder 41 D1P7 D1. Stiffer sentences if break law 41 D1P8 D1. Women given preferential treatment 42 D2P1 D2. Equal opportunities for migrants 42 D2P2 D2. Aboriginal land rights 42 D2P3 D2. Equal opportunities for women 43 D2P4 D2. No. of migrants allowed into Australia 43 D2P5 D2. Government help for aborigines 43 xvi Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Variable Page D2P6 D2. Building closer links with Asia 44 D3P1 D3. Aims of Australia - first choice 44 D3P2 D3. Aims of Australia - second choice 45 D4P1 D4. Important-strengthen respect 45 D4P2 D4. Important-equal employment opportunity 45 D4P3 D4. Important-protect minorities 46 D4P4 D4. Important-equality between men & women 46 D4P5 D4. Important-preserving traditional ideas 46 D5 D5. Ideally, Aust society should be... 47 D6 D6. Government by its nature... 47 D7 D7. Too much emphasis placed on... 47 D8 D8. Laws should aim to... 48 D9 D9. Too little emphasis placed on... 48 Section E: Education and Work 48 E1 E1. Age left school 48 E2 E2. No. years tertiary education 49 E3 E3. Highest qual obtained since leaving school 49 E4 E4. Occupation last week 50 E5A E5a. Respondent Occupation - ASCO2 50 E5D E5. Position in organisation 52 E5E E5. Employer 52 E5F E5. Supervisory responsibility 52 E6 E6. Belong to a trade union 53 Section F: Personal Background 53 F1 F1. Sex 53 F2 F2. Year of birth 53 F3OWN F3. Country of birth 54 F3MUM F3. Mothers country of birth 54 F3DAD F3. Fathers country of birth 55 F4DAD F4. Fathers party ID at 14 55 F4MUM F4. Mothers party ID at 14 56 F5 F5. Religion 56 F6 F6. Religious attendance 57 F7 F7. Marital status 57 F8 F8. Own, buying or rent home 57 F9 F9. Own a personal computer 58 F10 F10. Own a firearm 58 F11 F11. Own a motor cycle 58 F12 F12. Social class 59 F13 F13. Live rural or urban 59 F14 F14. Gross annual income 59 YOUR HUSBAND, WIFE OR DE FACTO 60 F15 F15. Spouse working 60 F16 F16. Spouse Occupation - ASCO2 60 F17 F17. Spouse employer 62 F18 F18. Does spouse supervise people at work 62 F19 F19. Spouse member of trade union 62 STATE State 63 ELECDIV Federal Electoral Division 63 REGION Region 66 WEIGHT Weight 65 XB1 B1. Extended - Party identification 83 XOCC E5a. Extended - Respondent Occupation – ASCO2 83 XSPOCC F16. Extended - Spouse Occupation - ASCO2 85 XF3OWN Extended-Country of birth 87 XF3MUM Extended-Mothers country of birth 88 XF3DAD Extended-Fathers country of birth 88 XF5 Extended-Religion 89

xvii Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

CODEBOOK INFORMATION

The example below is a facsimile of information appearing in the codebook for a typical variable. The numbers in superscript do not appear but are reference to the descriptions that follow this example.

______

A1(1) Interest in politics(2)

Print Format: F1 (3) Write Format: F1 (4)

A1. Generally speaking, how much interest do you usually have in what's going on in politics? (5)

Unweighted Weighted (6) N (7) % N % (8) A good deal 1164 34.1 796 34.6 Some 1612 47.2 1067 46.4 Not much 530 15.5 365 15.9 None 110 3.2 70 3.1 Missing 15 13 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

1 An abbreviated (8 character maximum) variable name. Indicates section and question number in the questionnaire. 2 An expanded version of the variable name, or variable label (40 character maximum). 3 Indicates the format, that is, the type and width, in which the variable would be displayed. Valid types are integer, decimal and character. The width is the number of columns for the variables. 4 Indicates the format in which the variable would be written out. 5 Indicates the full text (question) of the variable description supplied by the original collector of the data. The question text and the numbers and letters appear at the beginning reflect the original wording of the questionnaire item. 6 The absolute frequency of occurrence of each code value in the data file. 7 The relative frequency (percentage) of occurrence of each code value in the data file. 8 Textual definitions of the codes, or value labels.

NOTE 1 The frequency distributions show both the weighted and unweighted frequencies. For more information about the weighting procedure, see the Study Description. NOTE 2 The variable name, variable label, value labels and missing values are reproduced in the SPSS set-up file which is distributed with the data file. NOTE 3 Items 6, 7, and 8 may not be provided for all variables, for example, where there are variables with unlabelled values.

xviii Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

______

ACC Identification number

Print Format: F4 Write Format: F4

[Four digit Identification number. Range = 1 to 3994] ______

RETDAY Day of return

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 1 30 0.9 21 0.9 2 30 0.9 20 0.9 3 10 0.3 8 0.3 4 23 0.7 20 0.8 5 15 0.4 15 0.6 6 51 1.5 34 1.5 7 88 2.6 60 2.6 8 119 3.5 85 3.7 9 138 4.0 99 4.3 10 156 4.5 106 4.6 11 378 11.0 234 10.1 12 298 8.7 205 8.9 13 157 4.6 122 5.3 14 40 1.2 24 1.0 15 401 11.7 260 11.2 16 190 5.5 129 5.6 17 202 5.9 140 6.1 18 126 3.7 83 3.6 19 63 1.8 47 2.1 20 47 1.4 32 1.4 21 7 0.2 5 0.2 22 103 3.0 78 3.4 23 142 4.1 89 3.8 24 224 6.5 154 6.6 25 104 3.0 63 2.7 26 82 2.4 57 2.4 27 3 0.1 2 0.1 28 1 0.0 1 0.0 29 46 1.3 27 1.2 30 156 4.5 92 4.0 31 1 0.0 1 0.0 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

1 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

RETMO Month of return

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

Unweighted Weighted N % N % January 130 3.8 102 4.4 February 6 0.2 3 0.1 November 2164 63.1 1408 60.9 December 1131 33.0 798 34.5 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

RETYEAR Year of return

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 2000 136 4.0 105 4.5 1999 3295 96.0 2207 95.5 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

Section A: The Referendum Campaign

First, some questions about the Constitutional Referendum campaign leading up to polling day on Saturday 6 November.

A1 A1. Interest usually have in politics

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

A1. Generally speaking, how much interest do you usually have in what's going on in politics?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A good deal 1164 34.1 796 34.6 Some 1612 47.2 1067 46.4 Not much 530 15.5 365 15.9 None 110 3.2 70 3.1 Missing 15 13 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

2 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A2 A2. Newspapers: Attention to reports in

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

A2. In the weeks leading up to polling day, how much attention did you pay to reports about the referendum in the newspapers-a good deal, some, not much or none at all?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A good deal 836 24.5 558 24.3 Some 1448 42.4 976 42.5 Not much 827 24.2 570 24.8 None 301 8.8 192 8.4 Missing 19 15 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A3P1 A3. Television: Attention to reports in

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

A3. In the weeks leading up to polling day, did you follow the referendum news on television-a good deal, some, not much or none at all?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A good deal 894 27.8 602 27.8 Some 1420 44.1 962 44.4 Not much 707 22.0 469 21.6 None 199 6.2 133 6.1 Missing 211 146 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A3P2 A3. Radio: Attention to reports in

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

And did you follow the referendum campaign news on the radio?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A good deal 537 17.2 373 17.8 Some 1014 32.5 708 33.9 Not much 878 28.2 571 27.3 None 689 22.1 438 20.9 Missing 313 221 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

3 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A4 A4. Interest in referendum campaign

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

A4. And how much interest would you say you took in the referendum campaign overall?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A good deal 1258 36.8 862 37.5 Some 1401 41.0 940 40.9 Not much 622 18.2 412 17.9 None 135 4.0 85 3.7 Missing 15 12 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A5 A5. Amount discussed referendum with family etc

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

A5. And over the last few weeks how much would you say you have discussed the referendum with family, friends or others? Would it have been a lot, some, not much, or not at all?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A lot 1124 32.9 765 33.3 Some 1549 45.3 1030 44.8 Not much 576 16.9 397 17.3 Not at all 167 4.9 106 4.6 Missing 15 12 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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A6P1 A6. Television: Follow Deliberative Poll

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A6. On 23 and 24 October, two weeks before the referendum, a 'Deliberative Poll' was held in Old Parliament House in Canberra. Did you follow any of the coverage of the 'Deliberative Poll' on ABC-TV?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Followed most 217 6.5 149 6.6 Followed some 695 20.8 463 20.6 Followed hardly any 482 14.4 337 15.0 Did not follow 1946 58.3 1300 57.8 Missing 91 62 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

4 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A6P2 A6. Radio: Follow Deliberative Poll

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And did you follow any of the coverage on the radio?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Followed most 87 2.8 65 3.2 Followed some 380 12.4 271 13.2 Followed hardly any 370 12.1 243 11.9 Did not follow 2217 72.6 1468 71.7 Missing 377 265 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A7 A7. Watch 60 Minutes on Deliberative Poll

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A7. Did you see the 60 Minutes program on the 'Deliberative Poll'?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 688 20.4 456 20.0 No 2681 79.6 1819 80.0 Missing 62 36 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A8 A8. Voting at referendums should be compulsory

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A8. Do you think that voting at constitutional referendums should be compulsory, or do you think that people should only have to vote if they want to?

Strongly favour compulsory voting ...... 1 Favour compulsory voting ...... 2 Favour people voting only if they want to ...... 3 Strongly favour people voting only if they want to. . 4

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Str favour comp vot 1546 45.3 1078 46.9 Favour comp voting 1035 30.3 660 28.7 Favour vote if want 538 15.8 361 15.7 Str fav vote if want 296 8.7 201 8.7 Missing 16 11 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

5 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A9 A9. Would have voted if not compulsory

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A9. Would you have voted in the Constitutional Referendum if voting had not been compulsory?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Def would vote 2240 65.6 1519 66.0 Prob would vote 679 19.9 446 19.4 Might, might not 192 5.6 130 5.6 Probably not 202 5.9 143 6.2 Definitely not 104 3.0 64 2.8 Missing 14 10 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A10 A10. Care about outcome of referendum

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A10. Would you say you cared a good deal about the outcome of the referendum or that you did not care very much about the outcome?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Cared good deal 2442 71.5 1637 71.2 Did not care much 878 25.7 596 25.9 Did not care at all 96 2.8 66 2.9 Missing 15 12 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A11 A11. When decide how definitely vote in referendum

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A11. When did you decide how you would definitely vote in the Constitutional Referendum about the Republic?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % A long time ago 1424 41.7 981 42.7 Few months ago 643 18.9 420 18.3 Recent weeks 688 20.2 453 19.7 Few days bef polling 407 11.9 270 11.8 Polling day 249 7.3 174 7.6 Missing 20 13 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

6 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A12 A12. Republic: In referendum vote Yes/No

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A12. In the Constitutional Referendum held on Saturday 6 November, did you vote YES or NO for Australia to become a Republic?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % YES 1543 46.8 1052 47.4 NO 1700 51.6 1126 50.7 Informal/Didnt vote 52 1.6 43 1.9 Missing 136 91 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A13 A13. Preamble: In referendum vote Yes/No

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A13. And did you vote YES or NO for the addition of a Preamble to the Constitution?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % YES 1182 36.1 796 36.1 NO 2019 61.7 1352 61.4 Informal/Didnt vote 73 2.2 55 2.5 Missing 157 107 Total 3431 2311 ______

A14P1 A14. 1st Choice: Direct or 2/3 Pres or Queen

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A14. If you had to choose among the following possibilities for Australia, which one would be your first choice?

1. A President directly elected by the people 2. A President appointed by Parliament 3. Retaining the Queen and the Governor-General 4. Don't Know

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Pres-direct elected 1719 53.9 1148 53.6 Pres-by Parliament 637 20.0 430 20.1 Retain Queen 747 23.4 509 23.8 Don't know 88 2.8 55 2.6 Missing 240 169 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

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A14P2 A14. 2nd Choice: Direct or 2/3 Pres or Queen

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And which one would be your second choice?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Pres-direct elected 1022 33.6 684 33.4 Pres-by Parliament 891 29.3 604 29.5 Retain Queen 806 26.5 534 26.0 Don't know 325 10.7 226 11.0 Missing 387 263 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A15 A15. President to have same powers as GG

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A15. Under the proposed change to a Republic, would you prefer the President to have greater powers than the current Governor-General, the same powers, or fewer powers?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Greater powers 841 25.8 559 25.6 Same powers 2150 66.0 1442 66.0 Fewer powers 266 8.2 185 8.5 Missing 174 125 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

A16 A16. Knew information about referendum issues

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A16. When you voted in the referendum, would you say that you knew enough about the issues, or would you have liked to have had more information about them? Unweighted Weighted N % N % Knew enough 1745 52.3 1131 50.3 Little more information 942 28.2 638 28.3 Lot more information 649 19.5 481 21.4 Missing 95 61 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

8 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A17 A17. During campaign, thought of voting differently

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A17. Was there any time during the referendum campaign when you seriously thought you might vote differently on the question of Australia becoming a Republic?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % No, there was not 2279 68.5 1544 68.8 Yes, there was 1049 31.5 699 31.2 Missing 103 69 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

Section B: Political Parties and Leaders

B1 B1. Party identification

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B1. Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as Liberal, Labor, National or what?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal 1166 35.2 786 35.2 Labor 1278 38.6 870 38.9 National (Country) Party 93 2.8 78 3.5 Australian Democrats 126 3.8 84 3.8 Greens 96 2.9 51 2.3 One Nation 62 1.9 46 2.1 Other party 11 0.3 11 0.5 No party 483 14.6 308 13.8 Missing 116 78 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 83 for 2 digit coding] ______

B2 B2. Strength of party identification

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B2. Would you call yourself a very strong, fairly strong, or not very strong supporter of that party?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % V strong supporter 477 16.3 358 18.1 Strong supporter 1451 49.6 955 48.3 Not v strong supporter 1000 34.2 666 33.7 Missing 503 332 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

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B3 B3. Satisfied with way democracy works in Aust

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B3. On the whole, are you very satisfied, fairly satisfied, not very satisfied or not at all satisfied with the way democracy works in Australia?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very satisfied 619 18.6 452 20.1 Fairly satisfied 1929 57.9 1284 57.1 Not very satisfied 609 18.3 401 17.9 Not at all satisfied 177 5.3 110 4.9 Missing 97 64 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

B4 B4. Own left-right position

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B4. In politics, people sometimes talk about the 'left' and the 'right'. Where would you place yourself on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means the left and 10 means the right?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Left 58 1.9 37 1.8 1 35 1.2 26 1.3 2 96 3.2 73 3.6 3 214 7.2 150 7.4 4 284 9.5 191 9.4 5 1381 46.2 913 45.1 6 282 9.4 189 9.4 7 266 8.9 174 8.6 8 202 6.8 146 7.2 9 52 1.7 39 1.9 Right 118 3.9 85 4.2 Missing 443 289 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B5 B5. Party voted for last Federal Election

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B5. In the last Federal election in October 1998, when the Liberals were led by John Howard and Labor by Kim Beazley, which party got your first preference in the House of Representatives election?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal 1322 40.0 879 39.5 Labor 1304 39.5 874 39.3 National 96 2.9 83 3.7 Democrats 202 6.1 128 5.8 Greens 96 2.9 54 2.4 One Nation 119 3.6 88 3.9 Other party/Indep 64 1.9 51 2.3 Did not vote 100 3.0 68 3.0 Missing 128 86 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

B6 B6. If election today, who vote for

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B6. If the federal election were held today, which party would you vote for in the House of Representatives?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal 1274 38.2 858 38.1 Labor 1394 41.8 941 41.8 National 82 2.5 70 3.1 Democrats 187 5.6 120 5.3 Greens 110 3.3 62 2.8 One Nation 93 2.8 67 3.0 Other party/Indep 133 4.0 93 4.2 Would not vote 59 1.8 40 1.8 Missing 99 60 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7. Finally in this section, we would like to know what you think about each of the following political groups. Please rate each group on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means you strongly dislike that group and 10 means that you strongly like that group. If you are neutral about a particular group or don't know much about them, you should give them a rating of 5.

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How do you feel about:

B7P1 B7. Like/Dislike: Liberal Party

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Liberal Party

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 353 10.8 239 10.8 166 5.1 111 5.1 200 6.1 116 5.3 268 8.2 179 8.1 208 6.4 135 6.1 Neutral 558 17.1 373 16.9 238 7.3 155 7.0 339 10.4 230 10.4 484 14.8 353 16.0 183 5.6 130 5.9 Strongly like 274 8.4 183 8.3 Missing 160 107 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P2 B7. Like/Dislike: Labor Party

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Labor Party (ALP)

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 217 6.6 146 6.6 126 3.8 86 3.9 210 6.4 137 6.2 265 8.1 190 8.6 274 8.4 181 8.2 Neutral 584 17.8 383 17.4 298 9.1 192 8.7 295 9.0 193 8.8 413 12.6 285 12.9 205 6.3 142 6.4 Strongly like 386 11.8 272 12.3 Missing 158 103 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P3 B7. Like/Dislike: National Party

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National Party

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 320 10.1 216 10.1 190 6.0 132 6.2 208 6.6 137 6.4 255 8.1 163 7.6 242 7.7 162 7.6 Neutral 1103 34.9 723 33.8 267 8.4 180 8.4 258 8.2 192 9.0 194 6.1 146 6.8 66 2.1 46 2.2 Strongly like 60 1.9 41 1.9 Missing 268 173 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P4 B7. Like/Dislike: One Nation

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One Nation

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 1665 52.2 1133 52.6 304 9.5 194 9.0 176 5.5 118 5.5 117 3.7 83 3.9 97 3.0 70 3.2 Neutral 471 14.8 302 14.0 103 3.2 79 3.7 96 3.0 68 3.2 71 2.2 50 2.3 26 0.8 15 0.7 Strongly like 65 2.0 42 2.0 Missing 240 157 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P5 B7. Like/Dislike: Democrats

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Australian Democrats

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 265 8.3 188 8.8 146 4.6 99 4.6 217 6.8 146 6.8 214 6.7 163 7.6 238 7.5 156 7.3 Neutral 1043 32.9 705 33.0 339 10.7 201 9.4 335 10.6 228 10.7 235 7.4 163 7.6 89 2.8 61 2.8 Strongly like 53 1.7 30 1.4 Missing 257 171 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P6 B7. Like/Dislike: Monarchists

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Monarchists

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 734 23.1 491 22.9 230 7.2 169 7.9 243 7.7 147 6.8 182 5.7 130 6.1 181 5.7 124 5.8 Neutral 1112 35.0 750 34.9 125 3.9 89 4.2 83 2.6 55 2.6 97 3.1 66 3.1 47 1.5 39 1.8 Strongly like 141 4.4 86 4.0 Missing 256 164 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B7P7 B7. Like/Dislike: Republicans

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Republicans

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 394 12.4 259 12.1 162 5.1 109 5.1 137 4.3 93 4.4 156 4.9 98 4.6 147 4.6 102 4.7 Neutral 1061 33.4 721 33.7 203 6.4 128 6.0 218 6.9 158 7.4 249 7.8 166 7.8 149 4.7 104 4.9 Strongly like 296 9.3 203 9.5 Missing 259 170 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8. Again using a scale from 0 to 10, please show how much you like or dislike the following political figures. Again, if you don't know much about them, you should give them a rating of 5.

How do you feel about:

B8P1 B8. Like/Dislike: Kim Beazley

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Kim Beazley

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 224 6.7 140 6.3 118 3.6 75 3.4 189 5.7 132 5.9 215 6.5 146 6.5 239 7.2 168 7.5 Neutral 592 17.8 399 17.9 368 11.1 239 10.7 379 11.4 266 11.9 472 14.2 310 13.9 209 6.3 140 6.2 Strongly like 318 9.6 220 9.8 Missing 108 77 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8P2 B8. Like/Dislike: John Howard

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John Howard

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 435 13.1 286 12.9 206 6.2 132 5.9 216 6.5 141 6.3 236 7.1 162 7.3 239 7.2 157 7.1 Neutral 471 14.2 320 14.4 296 8.9 189 8.5 361 10.9 248 11.2 388 11.7 275 12.3 228 6.9 164 7.4 Strongly like 233 7.0 152 6.8 Missing 122 85 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8P3 B8. Like/Dislike: Meg Lees

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Meg Lees

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 285 8.8 190 8.8 135 4.2 88 4.1 216 6.7 145 6.7 243 7.5 166 7.7 265 8.2 186 8.6 Neutral 1271 39.4 877 40.5 317 9.8 192 8.9 271 8.4 170 7.9 147 4.6 99 4.6 48 1.5 32 1.5 Strongly like 28 0.9 20 0.9 Missing 205 146 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8P4 B8. Like/Dislike: Pauline Hanson

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Pauline Hanson

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 1700 52.0 1155 52.5 354 10.8 233 10.6 191 5.8 129 5.9 138 4.2 81 3.7 109 3.3 88 4.0 Neutral 396 12.1 251 11.4 135 4.1 100 4.5 84 2.6 54 2.5 68 2.1 44 2.0 32 1.0 22 1.0 Strongly like 62 1.9 43 1.9 Missing 162 112 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8P5 B8. Like/Dislike: Malcolm Turnbull

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Malcolm Turnbull

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 534 16.6 370 17.1 205 6.4 140 6.5 218 6.8 152 7.0 192 6.0 133 6.1 187 5.8 128 5.9 Neutral 1404 43.7 917 42.4 127 4.0 77 3.6 126 3.9 92 4.3 114 3.5 78 3.6 52 1.6 37 1.7 Strongly like 56 1.7 37 1.7 Missing 216 150 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B8P6 B8. Like/Dislike: Kerry Jones

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Kerry Jones

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly dislike 550 17.1 376 17.4 200 6.2 140 6.5 239 7.4 151 7.0 191 6.0 132 6.1 168 5.2 120 5.6 Neutral 1579 49.2 1046 48.5 80 2.5 50 2.3 73 2.3 46 2.2 58 1.8 44 2.1 30 0.9 23 1.1 Strongly like 41 1.3 28 1.3 Missing 222 155 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B9 B9. Government trusted/Look after selves

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B9. In general, do you feel that the people in government are too often interested in looking after themselves, or do you feel that they can be trusted to do the right thing nearly all the time?

Usually look after themselves ...... 1 Sometimes look after themselves ...... 2 Sometimes can be trusted to do the right thing. . 3 Usually can be trusted to do the right thing. . . 4

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Usually look after selves 1480 43.6 948 41.4 Sometimes look after selves 694 20.4 483 21.1 Sometimes trusted 879 25.9 622 27.2 Usually trusted 344 10.1 237 10.3 Missing 34 22 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B10P1 B10. Federal Politicians know what people think

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B10. Some people say that Federal politicians know what ordinary people think. Others say that Federal politicians don't know much about what ordinary people think. Where would you place your view on this scale from 1 to 5?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Know what people think 100 3.0 72 3.2 367 10.9 246 10.9 909 27.0 643 28.4 984 29.3 642 28.4 Don't know what people think 1003 29.8 662 29.2 Missing 68 47 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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B10P2 B10. No matter who vote for, can/won't make difference

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And if 1 means no matter who people vote for, it won't make any difference to what happens, and 5 means that who people vote for can make a difference, where would you place your view?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Won't make difference 273 8.1 176 7.8 292 8.7 193 8.5 684 20.3 431 19.1 1051 31.2 731 32.4 Can make a difference 1064 31.6 729 32.2 Missing 67 51 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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Section C: National Identity and the Head of State

C1. Some people say the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important. How important do you think each thing is?

19 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C1P1 C1. Truly Australian be born in Aust

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Being born in Australia

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 1057 31.5 712 31.5 Fairly important 799 23.8 535 23.7 Not very important 903 26.9 615 27.2 Not at all important 592 17.7 398 17.6 Missing 80 50 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P2 C1. Truly Australian be citizen

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Having Australian citizenship

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2321 69.8 1591 71.1 Fairly important 753 22.7 480 21.5 Not very important 172 5.2 110 4.9 Not at all important 77 2.3 57 2.6 Missing 108 73 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P3 C1. Truly Australian live in Aust

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Living in Australia most of one's life

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 1108 33.5 761 34.2 Fairly important 1176 35.5 793 35.6 Not very important 774 23.4 508 22.8 Not at all important 252 7.6 163 7.3 Missing 121 85 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P4 C1. Truly Australian speak English

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Being able to speak English

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2198 66.0 1482 66.2 Fairly important 834 25.0 554 24.7 Not very important 211 6.3 142 6.4 Not at all important 88 2.6 62 2.8 Missing 100 70 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P5 C1. Truly Australian be Christian

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Being Christian

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 498 15.1 334 15.1 Fairly important 462 14.0 322 14.5 Not very important 796 24.1 524 23.6 Not at all important 1542 46.8 1040 46.8 Missing 133 91 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P6 C1. Truly Australian respect law

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Respecting Australia's political institutions and laws

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2315 69.7 1583 70.7 Fairly important 774 23.3 491 22.0 Not very important 151 4.5 104 4.6 Not at all important 83 2.5 60 2.7 Missing 108 73 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C1P7 C1. Truly Australian feel Aust

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Feeling Australian

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2310 69.5 1580 70.6 Fairly important 672 20.2 442 19.7 Not very important 198 6.0 127 5.7 Not at all important 142 4.3 91 4.0 Missing 109 72 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2. How proud are you of Australia in each of the following?

C2P1 C2. Proud of Australian democracy

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The way democracy works

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 870 27.0 648 29.8 Fairly proud 1844 57.2 1212 55.7 Not very proud 414 12.8 256 11.8 Not proud at all 97 3.0 59 2.7 Missing 206 136 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P2 C2. Proud of Australian influence

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Its political influence in the world

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 301 9.5 221 10.3 Fairly proud 1722 54.3 1162 54.2 Not very proud 952 30.0 633 29.5 Not proud at all 197 6.2 129 6.0 Missing 259 165 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P3 C2. Proud of Australian economics

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Australia's economic achievements

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 539 16.9 398 18.5 Fairly proud 1870 58.6 1282 59.4 Not very proud 637 20.0 385 17.9 Not proud at all 143 4.5 92 4.3 Missing 242 153 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P4 C2. Proud of Australian social sec

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Its social security system

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 438 13.6 324 14.9 Fairly proud 1351 42.0 909 41.8 Not very proud 949 29.5 616 28.4 Not proud at all 479 14.9 324 14.9 Missing 214 138 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P5 C2. Proud of Australian science

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Its scientific and technological achievements

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 1555 48.6 1114 51.3 Fairly proud 1356 42.3 874 40.3 Not very proud 234 7.3 149 6.9 Not proud at all 57 1.8 34 1.6 Missing 229 140 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P6 C2. Proud of Australian history

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Its history

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 1195 37.3 820 37.8 Fairly proud 1290 40.3 852 39.3 Not very proud 536 16.8 376 17.4 Not proud at all 179 5.6 119 5.5 Missing 231 143 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P7 C2. Proud of Australian forces

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Australia's armed forces

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 1523 47.5 1040 47.9 Fairly proud 1247 38.9 825 38.0 Not very proud 309 9.6 219 10.1 Not proud at all 130 4.1 88 4.0 Missing 222 140 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P8 C2. Proud of Australian sports

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Its achievements in sports

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 2340 72.4 1586 72.5 Fairly proud 729 22.5 491 22.5 Not very proud 100 3.1 67 3.0 Not proud at all 65 2.0 43 2.0 Missing 197 124 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C2P9 C2. Proud of Australian art

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Its achievements in the arts and literature

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very proud 1209 37.7 844 38.9 Fairly proud 1592 49.6 1060 48.9 Not very proud 345 10.7 226 10.4 Not proud at all 64 2.0 40 1.8 Missing 221 141 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C3 C3. Importance of Queen

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C3. How important do you feel the Queen and the Royal Family are to Australia?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 341 10.3 232 10.4 Fairly important 799 24.2 543 24.3 Not very important 2161 65.5 1462 65.4 Missing 130 75 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C4 C4. Change or retain Aust flag

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C4. On the issue of the Australian flag, do you ...

...strongly favour changing the flag . . . . 1 ...favour changing the flag ...... 2 ...favour retaining the flag ...... 3 ...strongly favour retaining the flag . . . 4

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly for change flag 485 14.8 336 15.1 For change flag 716 21.8 493 22.2 For retain flag 939 28.6 618 27.8 Strongly for retain flag 1140 34.8 776 34.9 Missing 151 88 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C5. How strongly do you agree or disagree with these statements?

C5P1 C5. Australia keep ties with Britain

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Australia should keep rather than cut its remaining constitutional ties with Britain

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 541 16.6 371 16.7 Agree 757 23.2 513 23.1 Neither agree nor disagree 666 20.4 449 20.2 Disagree 713 21.8 484 21.8 Strongly disagree 588 18.0 402 18.1 Missing 166 93 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C5P2 C5. Proposed Republic- Pres not politician

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Under the proposed change to a Republic the President should be someone from outside politics

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1178 36.5 785 35.9 Agree 795 24.6 533 24.4 Neither agree nor disagree 779 24.1 524 23.9 Disagree 320 9.9 242 11.0 Strongly disagree 159 4.9 106 4.8 Missing 200 121 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C5P3 C5. Head of state should be Australian

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Our head of state should be an Australian

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 2272 69.8 1555 70.3 Agree 627 19.3 412 18.6 Neither agree nor disagree 276 8.5 188 8.5 Disagree 41 1.3 32 1.4 Strongly disagree 41 1.3 27 1.2 Missing 174 98 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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27 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C5P4 C5. Republic debate distract from problems

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The whole debate over becoming a Republic is a distraction from Australia's real problems

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 976 30.1 660 30.0 Agree 835 25.7 532 24.2 Neither agree nor disagree 616 19.0 431 19.6 Disagree 545 16.8 383 17.4 Strongly disagree 273 8.4 196 8.9 Missing 186 109 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

C6. And how much do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements?

C6P1 C6. Rather be Aust citizen than else

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I would rather be a citizen of Australia than of any other country in the world

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 2342 71.1 1601 71.9 Agree 598 18.2 393 17.7 Neither agree nor disagree 283 8.6 182 8.2 Disagree 52 1.6 39 1.7 Strongly disagree 18 0.5 13 0.6 Missing 138 82 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

C6P2 C6. Proud of Aust sports performances

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When Australia does well in international sports it makes me proud to be Australian

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1951 59.5 1307 59.0 Agree 941 28.7 642 29.0 Neither agree nor disagree 318 9.7 220 9.9 Disagree 47 1.4 33 1.5 Strongly disagree 20 0.6 13 0.6 Missing 154 97 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

28 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C6P3 C6. World better if more like Aust

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The world would be a better place if people from other countries were more like Australians

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 768 23.5 548 24.8 Agree 703 21.5 470 21.3 Neither agree nor disagree 1184 36.2 777 35.1 Disagree 443 13.6 311 14.1 Strongly disagree 169 5.2 106 4.8 Missing 164 100 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C6P4 C6. Aust better than other countries

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Generally speaking, Australia is a much better country than most other countries

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1447 44.3 1013 45.7 Agree 1170 35.8 770 34.8 Neither agree nor disagree 524 16.0 342 15.4 Disagree 88 2.7 62 2.8 Strongly disagree 40 1.2 29 1.3 Missing 162 95 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C7 C7. R descended from convicts

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C7. To the best of your knowledge, are you descended from one or more of the convicts who were sent to Australia during the early period of British settlement in this country?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes, I am 418 12.6 253 11.3 I may be 385 11.6 252 11.3 No, I am not 1931 58.4 1341 59.9 I really don't know 574 17.4 393 17.5 Missing 123 72 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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29 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C8 C8. How interested in family tree

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C8. How interested are you personally in learning about your family tree or your family's history?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very interested 1370 41.5 937 41.8 Somewhat interested 1552 47.0 1044 46.6 Not at all interested 383 11.6 259 11.5 Missing 126 71 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C9 C9. Search WWW for family tree

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C9. How often have you searched for information about your family tree or your family history on the Internet or the World Wide Web?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Never 2521 76.4 1703 76.1 Once or twice 536 16.2 372 16.6 More often 244 7.4 164 7.3 Missing 130 72 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C10 C10. Best describes role of Queen & GG

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C10. Now for some questions about our head of state. Firstly, as far as you know, which one of these best describes the current role of the Queen in relation to the Australian Governor-General? (Circle one number only)

She chooses the Governor-General ...... 1 She appoints the Governor-General only on the advice of the Prime Minister . . . 2 She appoints the Governor-General only on the recommendation of parliament . . . 3 She has no role in choosing or appointing the Governor-General ...... 4 Don't know ...... 5

30 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % She choose Gov-Gen 207 6.1 141 6.2 She appoint GG via PM 1667 49.4 1120 49.2 She appoint GG via Parl 533 15.8 336 14.8 She has no role 339 10.0 232 10.2 Don't know 628 18.6 447 19.7 Missing 57 35 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______C11 C11. True current role of GG

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C11. As far as you know, which one of these is true of the current role of the Governor-General in Australia? (Circle one number only)

He performs only ceremonial duties ...... 1 He can decide whether or not to dismiss the government . 2 He acts only on the Queen's instructions ...... 3 He controls the government ...... 4 Don't know ...... 5

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Perform ceremonial duties 794 23.6 540 23.8 Can decide dismiss govt 1598 47.6 1058 46.7 Acts on Queens instructions 413 12.3 292 12.9 Controls government 76 2.3 53 2.3 Don't know 479 14.3 324 14.3 Missing 71 44 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______C12 C12. Proposed Republic-role of President more like

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C12. Under the proposed change to a Republic, as far as you know which one of these would the role of the President be more like? (Circle one number only)

The current Governor-General ...... 1 The American President ...... 2 The British Prime Minister ...... 3 The current Australian Prime Minister ...... 4 Don't know ...... 5

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Current Gov-Gen 2342 69.6 1564 68.9 American President 321 9.5 227 10.0 British PM 54 1.6 34 1.5 Current Aust PM 222 6.6 154 6.8 Don't know 425 12.6 289 12.8 Missing 67 43 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

31 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C13 C13. Proposed Republic-how PM remove President

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C13. Under the proposed change to a Republic, as far as you know, which one of these best describes how the Australian Prime Minister in the Republic can remove the President? (Circle one number only)

At any time without reporting to Parliament . . . . 1 At any time but must later obtain approval from the House of Representatives ...... 2 Only after a fair trial by Parliament ...... 3 The Prime Minister could not remove the President . 4 Don't know ...... 5

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Any time 652 19.4 443 19.5 Any time-approve Reps 1054 31.4 687 30.3 After fair trial by Parl 538 16.0 367 16.2 Could not remove Pres 379 11.3 254 11.2 Don't know 737 21.9 516 22.8 Missing 71 44 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C14 C14. Liberal/Labor favor Republic more

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C14. And on the whole would you say the Liberal Party, or the Labor Party, is more in favour of Australia becoming a Republic?

Liberal Party more in favour...... 1 Labor Party more in favour ...... 2 Equally in favour ...... 3 Not much impression ...... 4

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal in favour 250 7.4 163 7.2 Labor in favour 2045 60.8 1413 62.3 Equally in favour 704 20.9 466 20.6 Not much impression 362 10.8 224 9.9 Missing 71 44 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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32 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C15. Please indicate how strongly you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about what would happen under the proposed change to a Republic.

C15P1 C15. Proposed Republic-PM more powerful

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The Prime Minister would become more powerful

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 334 10.2 224 10.1 Agree 737 22.5 477 21.6 Neither agree nor disagree 919 28.0 640 28.9 Disagree 1003 30.6 679 30.7 Strongly disagree 288 8.8 191 8.6 Missing 150 99 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

C15P2 C15. Proposed Republic-Pres same as GG

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The President would be no more powerful than the Governor-General

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 637 19.3 426 19.1 Agree 1615 49.0 1100 49.5 Neither agree nor disagree 562 17.0 370 16.6 Disagree 373 11.3 254 11.4 Strongly disagree 111 3.4 74 3.3 Missing 133 87 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

C15P3 C15. Proposed Republic-change expensive

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The change to a Republic would be very expensive

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1119 33.8 745 33.4 Agree 1051 31.7 691 31.0 Neither agree nor disagree 659 19.9 460 20.6 Disagree 381 11.5 269 12.0 Strongly disagree 104 3.1 67 3.0 Missing 117 78 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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33 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C15P4 C15. Proposed Republic-stay member Commonwealth

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Australia would remain a member of the Commonwealth

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1033 31.3 693 31.2 Agree 1284 38.9 846 38.1 Neither agree nor disagree 478 14.5 331 14.9 Disagree 331 10.0 230 10.4 Strongly disagree 172 5.2 121 5.5 Missing 133 90 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C15P5 C15. Proposed Republic-political stability endangered

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Australia's record of political stability would be endangered

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 230 7.0 159 7.2 Agree 551 16.8 366 16.5 Neither agree nor disagree 1151 35.0 772 34.8 Disagree 1008 30.7 681 30.7 Strongly disagree 345 10.5 238 10.8 Missing 146 94 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C15P6 C15. Proposed Republic-further reform difficult

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Further constitutional reform would become more difficult

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 277 8.4 196 8.8 Agree 452 13.7 288 13.0 Neither agree nor disagree 931 28.2 624 28.1 Disagree 1026 31.1 702 31.6 Strongly disagree 610 18.5 412 18.5 Missing 135 87 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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34 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C15P7 C15. Proposed Republic-Aust more independent

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Australia would become a more independent country

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 567 17.2 391 17.5 Agree 1347 40.8 897 40.2 Neither agree nor disagree 732 22.2 491 22.0 Disagree 500 15.2 344 15.4 Strongly disagree 154 4.7 106 4.8 Missing 131 82 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C15P8 C15. Proposed Republic-Aust standing improved

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Australia's standing in the world would be improved

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 402 12.2 282 12.7 Agree 856 26.0 581 26.2 Neither agree nor disagree 1223 37.2 796 35.9 Disagree 632 19.2 442 19.9 Strongly disagree 174 5.3 117 5.3 Missing 144 93 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C15P9 C15. Proposed Republic-PM likely fight with Pres

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The Prime Minister would be more likely to have confrontations with a President in a Republic than the Prime Minister has now with the Governor-General

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 279 8.4 188 8.4 Agree 833 25.2 549 24.6 Neither agree nor disagree 1155 34.9 787 35.3 Disagree 797 24.1 547 24.5 Strongly disagree 243 7.3 159 7.1 Missing 124 80 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

35 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C15P10 C15. Proposed Republic-federal system weakened

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The states in our federal system would be weakened

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 147 4.5 92 4.1 Agree 405 12.3 265 11.9 Neither agree nor disagree 1290 39.1 875 39.4 Disagree 1121 34.0 756 34.0 Strongly disagree 337 10.2 235 10.6 Missing 131 87 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C15P11 C15. Proposed Republic-more democratic

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Australia's government would be more democratic

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 177 5.4 132 5.9 Agree 583 17.7 390 17.5 Neither agree nor disagree 1437 43.5 953 42.8 Disagree 855 25.9 580 26.1 Strongly disagree 249 7.5 172 7.7 Missing 130 84 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C16. Now here are another couple of statements, only these are about the Australian system of government. How strongly to you agree or disagree with these statements?

C16P1 C16. Queen guarantees democratic rights

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The Queen plays an important part in guaranteeing the democratic rights of the Australian people

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 179 5.3 117 5.2 Agree 409 12.2 275 12.2 Neither agree nor disagree 796 23.8 516 22.9 Disagree 1300 38.8 881 39.0 Strongly disagree 666 19.9 470 20.8 Missing 81 52 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

36 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C16P2 C16. Queen promotes British interests

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For the most part, the Queen promotes British rather than Australian interests

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 729 21.7 510 22.5 Agree 1271 37.9 851 37.6 Neither agree nor disagree 813 24.2 530 23.4 Disagree 408 12.2 277 12.2 Strongly disagree 133 4.0 95 4.2 Missing 77 48 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C17. And now two statements about the President, under the proposed change to a Republic. If the President were to be appointed by a two- thirds majority of federal parliament, rather than elected by voters, how strongly do you agree or disagree with these statements.

C17P1 C17. President less likely a politician

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The President would be less likely to be a politician

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 354 10.7 233 10.5 Agree 675 20.5 457 20.6 Neither agree nor disagree 717 21.7 479 21.6 Disagree 1069 32.4 715 32.2 Strongly disagree 483 14.6 336 15.1 Missing 133 91 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C17P2 C17. Parties play great role choose President

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The political parties would play a greater role in choosing the President

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 783 23.7 543 24.4 Agree 1538 46.5 1010 45.4 Neither agree nor disagree 548 16.6 376 16.9 Disagree 253 7.7 170 7.6 Strongly disagree 183 5.5 126 5.7 Missing 126 85 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

37 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C18. Under the proposed change to a Republic, which of these, as far as you know, would definitely change. (Circle all that apply)

C18P1 C18. Republic change-Australian Flag

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The Australian Flag

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Not selected 2638 76.9 1762 76.2 Selected 793 23.1 550 23.8 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C18P2 C18. Republic change-National Anthem

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The National Anthem

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Not selected 2775 80.9 1887 81.6 Selected 656 19.1 424 18.4 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C18P3 C18. Republic change-'Royal' eg RAN, RAAF

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The word 'Royal' in the names of the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Not selected 1878 54.7 1289 55.8 Selected 1553 45.3 1022 44.2 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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38 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C18P4 C18. Republic change-Commonwealth Games

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Australia's participation in the Commonwealth Games

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Not selected 3129 91.2 2108 91.2 Selected 302 8.8 203 8.8 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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C18P5 C18. Republic change-None

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None

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Not selected 2751 80.2 1856 80.3 Selected 680 19.8 455 19.7 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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Section D: Issues and Social Policy

D1. Please say whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with each of these statements.

D1P1 D1. High tax makes people less willing to work

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High income tax makes people less willing to work hard

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 929 27.7 633 28.0 Agree 1316 39.2 861 38.1 Neither agree nor disagree 507 15.1 349 15.4 Disagree 519 15.5 358 15.8 Strongly disagree 88 2.6 61 2.7 Missing 72 49 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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39 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D1P2 D1. Trade unions have too much power

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The trade unions in this country have too much power

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 608 18.1 415 18.4 Agree 950 28.3 627 27.8 Neither agree nor disagree 832 24.8 553 24.5 Disagree 751 22.4 504 22.3 Strongly disagree 213 6.4 159 7.0 Missing 77 53 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D1P3 D1. Big business has too much power

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Big business in this country has too much power

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1099 32.7 752 33.2 Agree 1357 40.3 906 40.0 Neither agree nor disagree 644 19.1 416 18.4 Disagree 232 6.9 167 7.4 Strongly disagree 32 1.0 23 1.0 Missing 67 48 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D1P4 D1. Income & wealth should be redistributed

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Income and wealth should be redistributed towards ordinary working people

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 573 17.1 379 16.8 Agree 1055 31.5 680 30.2 Neither agree nor disagree 913 27.3 623 27.6 Disagree 668 20.0 469 20.8 Strongly disagree 138 4.1 103 4.6 Missing 84 57 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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40 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D1P5 D1. Stricter laws to regulate trade unions

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There should be stricter laws to regulate the activities of trade unions

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 487 14.6 332 14.7 Agree 1111 33.3 744 33.1 Neither agree nor disagree 971 29.1 643 28.6 Disagree 625 18.7 424 18.9 Strongly disagree 147 4.4 108 4.8 Missing 90 60 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D1P6 D1. Death penalty reintroduced for murder

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The death penalty should be reintroduced for murder

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1051 31.4 680 30.2 Agree 826 24.7 541 24.0 Neither agree nor disagree 577 17.3 395 17.5 Disagree 451 13.5 312 13.9 Strongly disagree 437 13.1 323 14.3 Missing 89 60 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D1P7 D1. Stiffer sentences if break law

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People who break the law should be given stiffer sentences

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 1284 38.2 846 37.4 Agree 1344 40.0 873 38.6 Neither agree nor disagree 506 15.1 371 16.4 Disagree 164 4.9 127 5.6 Strongly disagree 62 1.8 47 2.1 Missing 71 47 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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41 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D1P8 D1. Women given preferential treatment

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Women should be given preferential treatment when applying for jobs and promotions

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Strongly agree 182 5.4 135 6.0 Agree 237 7.1 173 7.6 Neither agree nor disagree 857 25.5 562 24.8 Disagree 1392 41.5 929 41.1 Strongly disagree 688 20.5 464 20.5 Missing 75 50 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D2. The statements below indicate some of the changes that have been happening in Australia over the years. For each one, please say whether you think the change has gone too far, not gone far enough, or is it about right? D2P1 D2. Equal opportunities for migrants

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Equal opportunities for migrants

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 373 11.2 280 12.5 Gone too far 594 17.9 398 17.8 About right 1987 59.8 1300 58.1 Not gone far enough 318 9.6 221 9.9 Not gone nearly far enough 51 1.5 38 1.7 Missing 108 74 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D2P2 D2. Aboriginal land rights

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Aboriginal land rights

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 947 28.4 617 27.6 Gone too far 971 29.2 644 28.8 About right 767 23.0 515 23.0 Not gone far enough 455 13.7 322 14.4 Not gone nearly far enough 189 5.7 141 6.3 Missing 102 71 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

42 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D2P3 D2. Equal opportunities for women

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Equal opportunities for women

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 139 4.2 92 4.1 Gone too far 359 10.8 246 11.0 About right 1894 57.0 1251 56.0 Not gone far enough 760 22.9 520 23.3 Not gone nearly far enough 173 5.2 125 5.6 Missing 106 78 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D2P4 D2. No. of migrants allowed into Australia

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The number of migrants allowed into Australia at the present time

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 719 21.5 504 22.3 Gone too far 803 24.0 546 24.2 About right 1420 42.4 939 41.6 Not gone far enough 332 9.9 213 9.4 Not gone nearly far enough 76 2.3 55 2.4 Missing 81 56 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D2P5 D2. Government help for aborigines

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Government help for Aborigines

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 885 26.4 583 25.9 Gone too far 939 28.1 595 26.4 About right 806 24.1 543 24.1 Not gone far enough 513 15.3 381 16.9 Not gone nearly far enough 203 6.1 150 6.6 Missing 85 59 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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43 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D2P6 D2. Building closer links with Asia

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Building closer relations with Asia

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Gone much too far 289 8.7 207 9.2 Gone too far 420 12.6 275 12.3 About right 1758 52.9 1190 53.2 Not gone far enough 716 21.5 473 21.1 Not gone nearly far enough 142 4.3 91 4.1 Missing 106 76 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D3. Next, a question about what you think the aims of Australia should be for the next ten years. Here is a list of four aims that different people would give priority.

1. Maintain order in the nation 2. Give people more say in important government decisions 3. Fight rising prices 4. Protect freedom of speech

D3P1 D3. Aims of Australia - first choice

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If you had to choose among these four aims, which would be your first choice?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Maintain order 1304 39.1 918 40.8 Give people more say 993 29.8 657 29.2 Fight rising prices 567 17.0 371 16.5 Protect free speech 468 14.0 303 13.5 Missing 99 61 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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44 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D3P2 D3. Aims of Australia - second choice

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And which would be your second choice? PUT THE NUMBER OF THE STATEMENT IN THE APPROPRIATE BOX.

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Maintain order 632 19.1 414 18.6 Give people more say 888 26.9 609 27.3 Fight rising prices 927 28.1 613 27.5 Protect free speech 854 25.9 593 26.6 Missing 130 82 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D4. The next few questions are about things some people consider important in life. We would like to know how important they are to you. How important is it ...?

D4P1 D4. Important-strengthen respect

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To strengthen respect and obedience for authority

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 1955 58.4 1309 57.9 Somewhat important 1192 35.6 800 35.4 Not important 200 6.0 150 6.6 Missing 84 52 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D4P2 D4. Important-equal employment opportunity

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To have equal employment opportunity in hiring and promotion

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2446 73.3 1655 73.4 Somewhat important 819 24.5 554 24.6 Not important 73 2.2 45 2.0 Missing 93 56 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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45 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D4P3 D4. Important-protect minorities

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To make a special effort to protect ethnic and racial minorities

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 1004 30.2 669 29.8 Somewhat important 1751 52.7 1160 51.8 Not important 570 17.1 411 18.4 Missing 106 70 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D4P4 D4. Important-equality between men & women

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To guarantee equality between men and women in all aspects of life?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2105 62.8 1407 62.2 Somewhat important 1094 32.6 745 32.9 Not important 152 4.5 111 4.9 Missing 80 48 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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D4P5 D4. Important-preserving traditional ideas

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How important is preserving traditional ideas of right and wrong

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Very important 2372 70.9 1585 70.2 Somewhat important 831 24.9 579 25.7 Not important 141 4.2 94 4.2 Missing 87 53 Total 3431 100 2311 100

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46 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D5 D5. Ideally, Aust society should be...

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D5. Ideally, Australian society should be ...

A unified body pursuing a common goal ...... 1 A collection of people independently pursuing their own goals ...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Unified body 2372 71.0 1586 70.3 Collection of people 830 24.8 577 25.6 Neither, undecided 140 4.2 93 4.1 Missing 89 55 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

D6 D6. Government by its nature...

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D6. Government by its nature ...

Is the best instrument for promoting the general interests of society ...... 1 Threatens the rights of people and must not be trusted. . 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Promotes interests of society 2371 71.0 1584 70.2 Threatens rights 829 24.8 578 25.6 Neither, undecided 141 4.2 94 4.2 Missing 90 55 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

D7 D7. Too much emphasis placed on...

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D7. In our society today, too much emphasis is placed on ...

Freedom ...... 1 Conformity...... 2 Neither, undecided...... 3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Freedom 811 24.2 574 25.4 Conformity 995 29.7 679 30.0 Neither, undecided 1545 46.1 1006 44.5 Missing 80 52 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

47 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

D8 D8. Laws should aim to...

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D8. Our laws should aim to ...

Enforce the community's standards of right and wrong . . . 1 Protect a citizen's right to live by any moral standards he or she chooses ...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Enforce comm standards 2221 66.0 1502 66.1 Protect right to live by 759 22.6 512 22.5 any moral standards Neither, undecided 384 11.4 258 11.4 Missing 67 39 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

D9 D9. Too little emphasis placed on...

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D9. In society today, too little emphasis is placed on ...

Respect for established institutions ...... 1 The rights of the individual ...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Respect institutions 997 29.7 697 30.8 Rights of individual 1342 40.0 881 38.9 Neither, undecided 1013 30.2 688 30.4 Missing 79 45 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

Section E: Education and Work

E1 E1. Age left school

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E1. How old were you when you left secondary school?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 9 2 0.1 2 0.1 10 2 0.1 2 0.1 11 5 0.2 4 0.2 12 18 0.6 12 0.6 13 36 1.1 24 1.1 14 281 8.9 178 8.3 15 643 20.3 415 19.5

48 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 16 783 24.7 490 23.0 17 897 28.3 585 27.4 18 455 14.3 381 17.8 19 35 1.1 27 1.3 20 8 0.3 6 0.3 21 1 0.0 1 0.0 22 2 0.1 2 0.1 24 1 0.0 2 0.1 25 1 0.0 0 0.0 28 1 0.0 1 0.0 30 1 0.0 1 0.0 Still at school 2 0.1 1 0.1 Missing 257 175 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

E2 E2. No. years tertiary education

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

E2. In all, how many years of tertiary study have you completed since you left secondary school? If your tertiary study was part-time, give the number of years of equivalent full-time study

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 0 934 36.7 588 33.8 1 288 11.3 201 11.5 2 258 10.1 175 10.1 3 335 13.2 246 14.1 4 324 12.7 238 13.7 5 183 7.2 136 7.8 6 107 4.2 69 3.9 7 37 1.5 30 1.7 8 26 1.0 17 1.0 9 years and over 53 2.1 40 2.3 Missing 886 572 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

E3 E3. Highest qual obtained since leaving school

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

E3. Have you obtained a trade qualification, a degree or a diploma, or any other qualification since leaving school? What is your highest qualification?

No qualification since leaving school ...... 1 Qualified--circle one code for highest qualification only Postgraduate Degree or Postgraduate Diploma ...... 2 Bachelor Degree (including Honours)...... 3 Undergraduate Diploma ...... 4 Associate Diploma ...... 5 Trade qualification ...... 6 Non-trade qualification...... 7

49 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % No qualification 1240 38.7 811 37.5 Postgraduate degree 196 6.1 142 6.6 Bachelor degree 365 11.4 256 11.9 Undergraduate diploma 107 3.3 75 3.5 Associate diploma 200 6.2 148 6.9 Trade qualification 676 21.1 444 20.6 Non-trade qualification 422 13.2 283 13.1 Missing 225 151 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

E4 E4. Occupation last week

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

E4. Now some questions about the work you are doing now. Last week, what were you doing?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Working FT for pay 1337 40.2 933 41.7 Working PT for pay 450 13.5 302 13.5 Unemployed -FT work 92 2.8 60 2.7 Unemployed -PT work 15 0.5 8 0.3 Retired 651 19.6 424 18.9 At school or uni 143 4.3 94 4.2 Keeping house 436 13.1 284 12.7 Other 203 6.1 134 6.0 Missing 104 71 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

E5A E5a. Respondent Occupation - ASCO2

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

E5. What kind of work do you do? Please give your full job title, and as much detail as you can. For public servants, state official designation and occupation. For armed services personnel, state rank and occupation.

>> If you are unemployed or retired, please describe your last regular paid job.

>> If you have never worked for pay, please skip this section and go to Section F. a. Job title

[Coded according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Standard Classification of Occupation (ASCO2). Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics Catalogue No. 1222.0.]

50 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Managers and Administrators 7 0.2 6 0.3 Generalist Managers 111 3.2 81 3.5 Specialist Managers 143 4.2 112 4.8 Farmers and Farm Managers 76 2.2 53 2.3 Science, Building and Engineering Professionals 57 1.7 41 1.8 Business and Information Professionals 117 3.4 84 3.6 Health Professionals 101 2.9 65 2.8 Education Professionals 155 4.5 93 4.0 Social, Arts and Miscellaneous Professionals 104 3.0 68 3.0 Science, Engineering and Related Associate 31 0.9 25 1.1 Professionals Business and Administration Associate 90 2.6 62 2.7 Professionals Managing Supervisors (Sales and Service) 165 4.8 115 5.0 Health and Welfare Associate Professionals 43 1.3 28 1.2 Other Associate Professionals 42 1.2 26 1.1 Tradespersons and Related Workers 3 0.1 1 0.0 Mechanical and Fabrication Engineering 73 2.1 42 1.8 Tradespersons Automotive Tradespersons 28 0.8 18 0.8 Electrical and Electronics Tradespersons 54 1.6 37 1.6 Construction Tradespersons 70 2.0 42 1.8 Food Tradespersons 20 0.6 13 0.6 Skilled Agricultural and Horticultural Workers 34 1.0 21 0.9 Other Tradespersons and Related Workers 71 2.1 41 1.8 Secretaries and Personal Assistants 102 3.0 76 3.3 Other Advanced Clerical and Service Workers 44 1.3 32 1.4 Intermediate Clerical Workers 255 7.4 178 7.7 Intermediate Sales and Related Workers 39 1.1 27 1.2 Intermediate Service Workers 147 4.3 96 4.1 Intermediate Plant Operators 40 1.2 23 1.0 Intermediate Machine Operators 54 1.6 36 1.6 Road and Rail Transport Drivers 94 2.7 59 2.6 Other Intermediate Production and Transport 56 1.6 34 1.5 Workers Elementary Clerks 29 0.8 24 1.1 Elementary Sales Workers 157 4.6 98 4.2 Elementary Service Workers 37 1.1 28 1.2 Cleaners 53 1.5 37 1.6 Factory Labourers 42 1.2 28 1.2 Other Labourers and Related Workers 105 3.1 64 2.8 Student 52 1.5 32 1.4 Not in Labour Force 208 6.1 143 6.2 Not applicable 2 0.1 3 0.1 Inadequately described 32 0.9 21 0.9 Missing 288 8.4 197 8.5 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 83 for 4 digit coding] ______

51 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

E5D E5. Position in organisation

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

d. Which of the following best describes the position that you hold (or held)?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Upper managerial 427 15.6 298 16.1 Middle managerial 378 13.8 268 14.5 Lower managerial 297 10.9 198 10.7 Supervisory 471 17.2 321 17.4 Non-supervisory 1162 42.5 760 41.2 Missing 696 466 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

E5E E5. Employer

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

e. Whom do (or did) you work for?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Self-employed 558 19.3 384 19.8 Private employee 1492 51.7 1023 52.6 Fed/State/Local Govt 720 25.0 468 24.1 Family business/Farm 114 4.0 69 3.5 Missing 547 368 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

E5F E5. Supervisory responsibility

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

f. As an official part of your job, do (or did) you directly supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 1477 50.8 999 51.2 No 1432 49.2 951 48.8 Missing 522 361 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

52 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

E6 E6. Belong to a trade union

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

E6. Do you belong to a trade union?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 751 25.4 487 24.6 No 2209 74.6 1493 75.4 Missing 471 331 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

Section F: Personal Background

This final section includes questions about yourself and your family background. These characteristics are very important to our research on how people in different circumstances feel about the issues covered earlier. The information you provide is totally confidential and will be used only for this research.

F1 F1. Sex

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F1. Firstly, what is your sex?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Male 1647 48.1 1091 47.3 Female 1779 51.9 1216 52.7 Missing 5 5 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

F2 F2. Year of birth (Grouped)

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

F2. When were you born? Just the year will do.

Unweighted Weighted N % N % 1901-1910 10 0.3 8 0.4 1911-1920 114 3.6 74 3.5 1921-1930 291 9.3 196 9.3 1931-1940 395 12.6 272 12.9 1941-1950 593 18.9 393 18.7 1951-1960 641 20.4 415 19.7 1961-1970 581 18.5 411 19.5 1971-1980 457 14.6 305 14.5 1981 + 54 1.7 33 1.6 Missing 295 204 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 89 for complete unweighted frequency] ______

53 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F3OWN F3. Country of birth

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

F3. Where were you born?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Australia 2573 78.9 1683 76.9 New Zealand 45 1.4 37 1.7 United Kingdom 289 8.9 174 7.9 Republic of Ireland 15 0.5 9 0.4 Italy 27 0.8 23 1.0 Germany 24 0.7 15 0.7 Greece 20 0.6 19 0.9 Malta 9 0.3 10 0.5 Netherlands 20 0.6 14 0.6 Poland 8 0.2 4 0.2 Yugoslavia (former) 27 0.8 25 1.1 Vietnam 22 0.7 17 0.8 Other 184 5.6 161 7.3 Missing 168 122 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 87 for 4 digit coding] ______

F3MUM F3. Mothers country of birth

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

And where were your mother and father born? [Mother]

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Australia 2187 67.5 1421 65.4 New Zealand 56 1.7 43 2.0 United Kingdom 446 13.8 271 12.5 Republic of Ireland 32 1.0 23 1.1 Italy 71 2.2 54 2.5 Germany 36 1.1 26 1.2 Greece 36 1.1 31 1.4 Malta 15 0.5 15 0.7 Netherlands 45 1.4 29 1.4 Poland 17 0.5 11 0.5 Yugoslavia (former) 38 1.2 33 1.5 Vietnam 23 0.7 18 0.8 Other 236 7.3 199 9.2 Missing 193 138 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 88 for 4 digit coding] ______

54 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F3DAD F3. Fathers country of birth

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

And where were your mother and father born? [Father]

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Australia 2085 64.6 1352 62.5 New Zealand 47 1.5 37 1.7 United Kingdom 503 15.6 314 14.5 Republic of Ireland 39 1.2 29 1.4 Italy 89 2.8 65 3.0 Germany 34 1.1 23 1.0 Greece 35 1.1 30 1.4 Malta 21 0.7 18 0.8 Netherlands 46 1.4 28 1.3 Poland 21 0.7 13 0.6 Yugoslavia (former) 43 1.3 35 1.6 Vietnam 21 0.7 16 0.7 Other 242 7.5 202 9.4 Missing 205 149 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 88 for 4 digit coding] ______

F4DAD F4. Fathers party ID at 14

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F4. Did your father have any particular preference for one of the political parties when you were young, say about 14 years old?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal 793 25.2 509 24.1 Labor 1248 39.6 817 38.8 National/Country 137 4.3 114 5.4 Democratic Labor 20 0.6 14 0.7 Aust Democrats 8 0.3 5 0.2 Other parties 33 1.0 24 1.1 Don't know 913 29.0 624 29.6 Missing 279 204 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

55 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F4MUM F4. Mothers party ID at 14

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

And how about your mother?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Liberal 822 26.2 538 25.7 Labor 1097 35.0 714 34.1 National/Country 138 4.4 119 5.7 Democratic Labor 18 0.6 13 0.6 Aust Democrats 18 0.6 11 0.5 Other parties 40 1.3 26 1.3 Don't know 999 31.9 676 32.2 Missing 299 216 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F5 F5. Religion

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F5. What is your religion or faith?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Roman Catholic 826 24.6 602 26.7 Anglican/C of E 879 26.2 569 25.2 Uniting/Methodist 371 11.1 236 10.5 Orthodox Church 80 2.4 69 3.0 Presbyterian 151 4.5 109 4.8 Other 358 10.7 224 9.9 No religion 692 20.6 448 19.8 Missing 74 53 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 89 for 2 digit coding] ______

56 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F6 F6. Religious attendance

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F6. Apart from weddings, funerals and baptisms, about how often do you attend religious services?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % At least once/week 466 13.8 323 14.3 At least once/month 168 5.0 124 5.5 Several times/year 400 11.9 289 12.8 At least once/year 369 11.0 249 11.0 Less than once/year 610 18.1 389 17.2 Never 1352 40.2 890 39.3 Missing 66 47 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F7 F7. Marital status

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F7. What is your current marital status?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Never married 616 18.2 423 18.6 Now married/de facto 2262 67.0 1526 67.1 Widowed 196 5.8 134 5.9 Divorced/separated 302 8.9 190 8.4 Missing 55 39 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F8 F8. Own, buying or rent home

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F8. Do you own outright, are you buying or renting the dwelling in which you now live?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Own outright 1382 41.2 924 41.0 Paying off mortgage 1013 30.2 666 29.6 Rent from private 447 13.3 324 14.4 Rent from public 142 4.2 87 3.8 Other 371 11.1 254 11.3 Missing 76 57 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

57 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F9 F9. Own a personal computer

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F9. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a personal computer?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 1991 59.0 1359 59.9 No 1386 41.0 911 40.1 Missing 54 41 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F10 F10. Own a firearm

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F10. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a firearm?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 461 13.7 251 11.1 No 2908 86.3 2012 88.9 Missing 62 48 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F11 F11. Own a motor cycle

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F11. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a motor cycle?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 412 12.2 258 11.4 No 2965 87.8 2011 88.6 Missing 54 41 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

58 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F12 F12. Social class

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F12. Which social class would you say you belong to?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Upper class 60 1.8 42 1.8 Middle class 1521 45.4 1043 46.3 Working class 1459 43.6 964 42.8 None 310 9.3 202 9.0 Missing 81 61 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

F13 F13. Live rural or urban

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F13. Would you say you now live in ...

A rural area or village ...... 1 A small country town (under 10,000 people)...... 2 A larger country town (over 10,000 people)...... 3 A large town (over 25,000 people) ...... 4 A major city (over 100,000 people)...... 5

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Rural/village 468 13.9 280 12.4 Small country town 411 12.2 266 11.7 Larger country town 239 7.1 169 7.5 Large town 601 17.9 394 17.4 Major city 1638 48.8 1152 51.0 Missing 74 51 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

F14 F14. Gross annual income

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

F14. What is the gross annual income, before tax or other deductions, for you and your family living with you from all sources? Please include any pensions and allowances, and income from interest or dividends.

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Less than $5000 101 3.2 72 3.5 $5001 to $10000 299 9.6 187 9.1 $10001 to $15000 221 7.1 135 6.5 $15001 to $20000 236 7.6 140 6.8 $20001 to $25000 211 6.8 135 6.6 $25001 to $30000 222 7.1 148 7.2

59 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % $30001 to $35000 183 5.9 106 5.1 $35001 to $40000 176 5.6 106 5.2 $40001 to $45000 158 5.1 95 4.6 $45001 to $50000 199 6.4 123 6.0 $50001 to $60000 263 8.4 189 9.2 $60001 to $70000 207 6.6 138 6.7 $70001 to $80000 172 5.5 112 5.4 $80001 to $90000 119 3.8 82 4.0 $90001 to $100000 100 3.2 77 3.7 More than $100000 257 8.2 216 10.5 Missing 307 250 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

For those who are NOT now married or living in a de facto relationship, that is the end of the questionnaire. Please put the questionnaire in the pre-paid reply envelope and post it back to us. Thank you again for your cooperation.

YOUR HUSBAND, WIFE OR DE FACTO

F15 F15. Spouse working

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F15. Is your husband or wife working now?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Working FT for pay 938 40.5 669 42.8 Working PT for pay 368 15.9 231 14.8 Unemployed -FT work 42 1.8 25 1.6 Unemployed -PT work 15 0.6 8 0.5 Retired 486 21.0 325 20.8 At school or uni 21 0.9 16 1.0 Keeping house 328 14.2 221 14.1 Other 117 5.1 69 4.4 Missing 1116 749 Total 3431 100 2311 100 ______

F16 F16. Spouse Occupation - ASCO2

Print Format: F2 Write Format: F2

F16. What kind of work does (or did) your husband or wife do? Please give their full job title, and as much detail as you can. For public servants, state official designation and occupation. For armed services personnel, state rank and occupation.

>> If not working for pay now, please describe his or her last regular paid job.

[Coded according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Standard Classification of Occupation (ASCO2). Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics Catalogue No. 1222.0.]

60 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Managers and Administrators 20 0.6 10 0.4 Generalist Managers 92 2.7 62 2.7 Specialist Managers 83 2.4 52 2.3 Farmers and Farm Managers 70 2.0 41 1.8 Professionals 3 0.1 1 0.1 Science, Building and Engineering Professionals 34 1.0 29 1.2 Business and Information Professionals 91 2.7 72 3.1 Health Professionals 70 2.0 54 2.3 Education Professionals 104 3.0 65 2.8 Social, Arts and Miscellaneous Professionals 61 1.8 42 1.8 Associate Professionals 1 0.0 1 0.0 Science, Engineering and Related Associate 22 0.6 16 0.7 Professionals Business and Administration Associate 66 1.9 44 1.9 Professionals Managing Supervisors (Sales and Service) 122 3.6 77 3.3 Health and Welfare Associate Professionals 38 1.1 22 1.0 Other Associate Professionals 23 0.7 17 0.7 Tradespersons and Related Workers 2 0.1 1 0.0 Mechanical and Fabrication Engineering 47 1.4 31 1.4 Tradespersons Automotive Tradespersons 26 0.8 17 0.8 Electrical and Electronics Tradespersons 39 1.1 29 1.2 Construction Tradespersons 62 1.8 49 2.1 Food Tradespersons 19 0.6 13 0.6 Skilled Agricultural and Horticultural Workers 22 0.6 13 0.6 Other Tradespersons and Related Workers 61 1.8 40 1.7 Secretaries and Personal Assistants 68 2.0 51 2.2 Other Advanced Clerical and Service Workers 17 0.5 13 0.6 Intermediate Clerical Workers 209 6.1 147 6.4 Intermediate Sales and Related Workers 29 0.8 20 0.8 Intermediate Service Workers 99 2.9 57 2.4 Intermediate Plant Operators 46 1.3 30 1.3 Intermediate Machine Operators 20 0.6 12 0.5 Road and Rail Transport Drivers 54 1.6 36 1.6 Other Intermediate Production and Transport 46 1.3 30 1.3 Workers Elementary Clerical, Sales and Service Workers 1 0.0 1 0.0 Elementary Clerks 30 0.9 19 0.8 Elementary Sales Workers 101 2.9 64 2.8 Elementary Service Workers 21 0.6 12 0.5 Labourers and Related Workers 1 0.0 0 0.0 Cleaners 38 1.1 24 1.0 Factory Labourers 42 1.2 32 1.4 Other Labourers and Related Workers 73 2.1 43 1.9 Student 4 0.1 1 0.1 Not in Labour Force 109 3.2 68 2.9 Not applicable 1038 30.3 705 30.5 Inadequately described 46 1.3 34 1.5 Missing 161 4.7 114 4.9 Total 3431 100 2311 100

[See Frequencies Addendum page 85 for 4 digit coding] ______

61 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

F17 F17. Spouse employer

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F17. Whom does (or did) your partner work for?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Self-employed 512 23.5 329 22.7 Employee-private company 1085 49.8 744 51.2 Employee-government 507 23.3 329 22.7 Employee-family business 76 3.5 50 3.4 Missing 1251 859 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F18 F18. Does spouse supervise people at work

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F18. As an official part of their job, does (or did) your partner directly supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 1054 47.6 707 47.6 No 1161 52.4 779 52.4 Missing 1216 825 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

F19 F19. Spouse member of trade union

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

F19. Does your partner belong to a trade union?

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Yes 520 23.1 354 23.5 No 1728 76.9 1153 76.5 Missing 1183 804 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

62 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

STATE State

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

Unweighted Weighted N % N % New South Wales 507 14.8 763 33.0 Victoria 557 16.2 584 25.3 Queensland 517 15.1 410 17.8 South Australia 607 17.7 190 8.2 Western Australia 548 16.0 216 9.4 Tasmania 588 17.1 60 2.6 Aust. Capital Territory 57 1.7 39 1.7 Northern Territory 22 0.6 20 0.9 Missing 28 28 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

ELECDIV Federal Electoral Division

Print Format: F3 Write Format: F3

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Banks 7 0.2 11 0.5 Barton 8 0.2 12 0.5 Bennelong 15 0.4 23 1.0 Berowra 8 0.2 12 0.5 Blaxland 6 0.2 9 0.4 Bradfield 15 0.4 23 1.0 Calare 6 0.2 9 0.4 Charlton 10 0.3 15 0.7 Chifley 10 0.3 15 0.7 Cook 11 0.3 17 0.7 Cowper 10 0.3 15 0.7 Cunningham 10 0.3 15 0.7 Dobell 7 0.2 11 0.5 Eden-Monaro 12 0.3 18 0.8 Farrer 13 0.4 20 0.8 Fowler 6 0.2 9 0.4 Gilmore 10 0.3 15 0.7 Grayndler 7 0.2 11 0.5 Greenway 11 0.3 17 0.7 Gwydir 10 0.3 15 0.7 Hughes 8 0.2 12 0.5 Hume 7 0.2 11 0.5 Hunter 4 0.1 6 0.3 Kingsford-Smith 15 0.4 23 1.0 Lindsay 13 0.4 20 0.8 Lowe 9 0.3 14 0.6 Lyne 12 0.3 18 0.8 Macarthur 16 0.5 24 1.0 Mackellar 11 0.3 17 0.7 Macquarie 10 0.3 15 0.7

63 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Mitchell 12 0.3 18 0.8 New England 13 0.4 20 0.8 Newcastle 12 0.3 18 0.8 North Sydney 10 0.3 15 0.7 Page 10 0.3 15 0.7 Parkes 11 0.3 17 0.7 Parramatta 14 0.4 21 0.9 Paterson 13 0.4 20 0.8 Prospect 9 0.3 14 0.6 Reid 7 0.2 11 0.5 Richmond 13 0.4 20 0.8 Riverina 8 0.2 12 0.5 Robertson 13 0.4 20 0.8 Shortland 11 0.3 17 0.7 Sydney 11 0.3 17 0.7 Throsby 16 0.5 24 1.0 Warringah 11 0.3 17 0.7 Watson 4 0.1 6 0.3 Wentworth 5 0.1 8 0.3 Werriwa 7 0.2 11 0.5 Aston 20 0.6 21 0.9 Ballarat 13 0.4 14 0.6 Batman 16 0.5 17 0.7 Bendigo 15 0.4 16 0.7 Bruce 14 0.4 15 0.6 Burke 10 0.3 10 0.5 Calwell 15 0.4 16 0.7 Casey 14 0.4 15 0.6 Chisholm 16 0.5 17 0.7 Corangamite 19 0.6 20 0.9 Corio 12 0.3 13 0.5 Deakin 12 0.3 13 0.5 Dunkley 12 0.3 13 0.5 Flinders 14 0.4 15 0.6 Gellibrand 14 0.4 15 0.6 Gippsland 18 0.5 19 0.8 Goldstein 20 0.6 21 0.9 Higgins 16 0.5 17 0.7 Holt 15 0.4 16 0.7 Hotham 11 0.3 12 0.5 Indi 14 0.4 15 0.6 Isaacs 11 0.3 12 0.5 Jagajaga 17 0.5 18 0.8 Kooyong 17 0.5 18 0.8 La Trobe 14 0.4 15 0.6 Lalor 16 0.5 17 0.7 Mallee 18 0.5 19 0.8 Maribyrnong 16 0.5 17 0.7 McEwen 14 0.4 15 0.6 McMillan 13 0.4 14 0.6 Melbourne 13 0.4 14 0.6 Melbourne Ports 16 0.5 17 0.7 Menzies 17 0.5 18 0.8 Murray 11 0.3 12 0.5

64 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Scullin 16 0.5 17 0.7 Wannon 18 0.5 19 0.8 Wills 20 0.6 21 0.9 Blair 26 0.8 21 0.9 Bowman 20 0.6 16 0.7 Brisbane 19 0.6 15 0.7 Capricornia 21 0.6 17 0.7 Dawson 16 0.5 13 0.5 Dickson 18 0.5 14 0.6 Fadden 22 0.6 17 0.8 Fairfax 16 0.5 13 0.5 Fisher 21 0.6 17 0.7 Forde 18 0.5 14 0.6 Griffith 22 0.6 17 0.8 Groom 19 0.6 15 0.7 Herbert 26 0.8 21 0.9 Hinkler 18 0.5 14 0.6 Kennedy 21 0.6 17 0.7 Leichardt 11 0.3 9 0.4 Lilley 16 0.5 13 0.5 Longman 17 0.5 13 0.6 Maranoa 25 0.7 20 0.9 McPherson 19 0.6 15 0.7 Moncrieff 18 0.5 14 0.6 Moreton 17 0.5 13 0.6 Oxley 17 0.5 13 0.6 Petrie 26 0.8 21 0.9 Rankin 12 0.3 10 0.4 Ryan 18 0.5 14 0.6 Wide Bay 18 0.5 14 0.6 Adelaide 49 1.4 15 0.7 Barker 53 1.5 17 0.7 Bonython 49 1.4 15 0.7 Boothby 56 1.6 18 0.8 Grey 50 1.5 16 0.7 Hindmarsh 48 1.4 15 0.6 Kingston 50 1.5 16 0.7 Makin 55 1.6 17 0.7 Mayo 48 1.4 15 0.6 Port Adelaide 46 1.3 14 0.6 Sturt 51 1.5 16 0.7 Wakefield 52 1.5 16 0.7 Brand 43 1.3 17 0.7 Canning 42 1.2 17 0.7 Cowan 35 1.0 14 0.6 Curtin 47 1.4 19 0.8 Forrest 44 1.3 17 0.8 Fremantle 31 0.9 12 0.5 Kalgoorlie 29 0.8 11 0.5 Moore 44 1.3 17 0.8 O'Connor 40 1.2 16 0.7 Pearce 38 1.1 15 0.6 Perth 34 1.0 13 0.6

65 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Stirling 34 1.0 13 0.6 Swan 41 1.2 16 0.7 Tangney 46 1.3 18 0.8 Bass 115 3.4 12 0.5 Braddon 108 3.1 11 0.5 Denison 119 3.5 12 0.5 Franklin 127 3.7 13 0.6 Lyons 119 3.5 12 0.5 Canberra 25 0.7 17 0.7 Fraser 32 0.9 22 1.0 Northern Territory 22 0.6 20 0.9 Missing 28 28 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

REGION Region

Print Format: F1 Write Format: F1

Unweighted Weighted N % N % Inner Metropolitan 958 27.9 634 27.4 Outer Metropolitan 973 28.4 650 28.1 Provincial 406 11.8 298 12.9 Rural 1066 31.1 702 30.4 Missing 28 0.8 28 1.2 Total 3431 100 2311 100

______

Weight Weight

Print Format: F6.4 Write Format: F6.4

N % 0.1023 588 17.1 0.3128 607 17.7 0.3949 548 16.0 0.6869 57 1.7 0.7937 517 15.1 0.9061 22 0.6 1.0000 28 0.8 1.0482 557 16.2 1.5057 507 14.8 Total 3431 100

______

66 Codebook: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

67 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Coding for occupation variables XOCC and XSPOCC

Coded according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Standard Classification of Occupation (ASCO2). Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics Catalogue No. 1222.0.

1000 MANAGERS AND ADMINISTRATORS 1100 GENERALIST MANAGERS 1110 General Managers and Administrators 1111 Legislators and Government Appointed Officials 1112 General Managers 1190 Miscellaneous Generalist Managers 1191 Building and Construction Managers 1192 Importers, Exporters and Wholesalers 1193 Manufacturers 1200 SPECIALIST MANAGERS 1210 Resource Managers 1211 Finance Managers 1212 Company Secretaries 1213 Human Resource Managers 1220 Engineering, Distribution and Process Managers 1221 Engineering Managers 1222 Production Managers 1223 Supply and Distribution Managers 1224 Information Technology Managers 1230 Sales and Marketing Managers 1231 Sales and Marketing Managers 1290 Miscellaneous Specialist Managers 1291 Policy and Planning Managers 1292 Health Services Managers 1293 Education Managers 1294 Commissioned Officers (Management) 1295 Child Care Co-ordinators 1296 Media Producers and Artistic Directors 1299 Other Specialist Managers 1300 FARMERS AND FARM MANAGERS 1310 Farmers and Farm Managers 1311 Mixed Crop and Livestock Farmers 1312 Livestock Farmers 1313 Crop Farmers 1314 Aquaculture Farmers 2000 PROFESSIONALS 2100 SCIENCE, BUILDING AND ENGINEERING PROFESSIONALS 2110 Natural and Physical Science Professionals 2111 Chemists 2112 Geologists and Geophysicists 2113 Life Scientists 2114 Environmental and Agricultural Science Professionals 2115 Medical Scientists 2119 Other Natural and Physical Science Professionals 2120 Building and Engineering Professionals 2121 Architects and Landscape Architects 2122 Quantity Surveyors 2123 Cartographers and Surveyors 2124 Civil Engineers 2125 Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2126 Mechanical, Production and Plant Engineers 2127 Mining and Materials Engineers 2128 Engineering Technologists 2129 Other Building and Engineering Professionals

68 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

2200 BUSINESS AND INFORMATION PROFESSIONALS 2210 Accountants, Auditors and Corporate Treasurers 2211 Accountants 2212 Auditors 2213 Corporate Treasurers 2220 Sales, Marketing and Advertising Professionals 2221 Marketing and Advertising Professionals 2222 Technical Sales Representatives 2230 Computing Professionals 2231 Computing Professionals 2290 Miscellaneous Business and Information Professionals 2291 Human Resource Professionals 2292 Librarians 2293 Mathematicians, Statisticians and Actuaries 2294 Business and Organisation Analysts 2295 Property Professionals 2299 Other Business and Information Professionals 2300 HEALTH PROFESSIONALS 2310 Medical Practitioners 2311 Generalist Medical Practitioners 2312 Specialist Medical Practitioners 2320 Nursing Professionals 2321 Nurse Managers 2322 Nurse Educators and Researchers 2323 Registered Nurses 2324 Registered Midwives 2325 Registered Mental Health Nurses 2326 Registered Developmental Disability Nurses 2380 Miscellaneous Health Professionals 2381 Dental Practitioners 2382 Pharmacists 2383 Occupational Therapists 2384 Optometrists 2385 Physiotherapists 2386 Speech Pathologists 2387 Chiropractors and Osteopaths 2388 Podiatrists 2391 Medical Imaging Professionals 2392 Veterinarians 2393 Dietitians 2394 Natural Therapy Professionals 2399 Other Health Professionals 2400 EDUCATION PROFESSIONALS 2410 School Teachers 2411 Pre-Primary School Teachers 2412 Primary School Teachers 2413 Secondary School Teachers 2414 Special Education Teachers 2420 University and Vocational Education Teachers 2421 University Lecturers and Tutors 2422 Vocational Education Teachers 2490 Miscellaneous Education Professionals 2491 Extra-Systemic Teachers 2492 English as a Second Language Teachers 2493 Education Officers 2500 SOCIAL, ARTS AND MISCELLANEOUS PROFESSIONALS 2510 Social Welfare Professionals 2511 Social Workers 2512 Welfare and Community Workers 2513 Counsellors 2514 Psychologists

69 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

2515 Ministers of Religion 2520 Miscellaneous Social Professionals 2521 Legal Professionals 2522 Economists 2523 Urban and Regional Planners 2529 Other Social Professionals 2530 Artists and Related Professionals 2531 Visual Arts and Crafts Professionals 2532 Photographers 2533 Designers and Illustrators 2534 Journalists and Related Professionals 2535 Authors and Related Professionals 2536 Film, Television, Radio and Stage Directors 2537 Musicians and Related Professionals 2538 Actors, Dancers and Related Professionals 2539 Media Presenters 2540 Miscellaneous Professionals 2541 Air Transport Professionals 2542 Sea Transport Professionals 2543 Occupational and Environmental Health Professionals 2549 Other Professionals 3000 ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3100 SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND RELATED ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3110 Medical and Science Technical Officers 3111 Medical Technical Officers 3112 Science Technical Officers 3120 Building and Engineering Associate Professionals 3121 Building, Architectural and Surveying Associate Professionals 3122 Civil Engineering Associate Professionals 3123 Electrical Engineering Associate Professionals 3124 Electronic Engineering Associate Professionals 3125 Mechanical Engineering Associate Professionals 3129 Other Building and Engineering Associate Professionals 3200 BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATION ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3210 Finance Associate Professionals 3211 Branch Accountants and Managers (Financial Institution) 3212 Financial Dealers and Brokers 3213 Financial Investment Advisers 3290 Miscellaneous Business and Administration Associate Profession 3291 Office Managers 3292 Project and Program Administrators 3293 Real Estate Associate Professionals 3294 Computing Support Technicians 3300 MANAGING SUPERVISORS (SALES AND SERVICE) 3310 Shop Managers 3311 Shop Managers 3320 Hospitality and Accommodation Managers 3321 Restaurant and Catering Managers 3322 Chefs 3323 Hotel and Motel Managers 3324 Club Managers (Licensed Premises) 3325 Caravan Park and Camping Ground Managers 3329 Other Hospitality and Accommodation Managers 3390 Miscellaneous Managing Supervisors (Sales and Service) 3391 Sport and Recreation Managers 3392 Customer Service Managers 3393 Transport Company Managers 3399 Other Managing Supervisors (Sales and Service) 3400 HEALTH AND WELFARE ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3410 Enrolled Nurses 3411 Enrolled Nurses

70 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

3420 Welfare Associate Professionals 3421 Welfare Associate Professionals 3490 Miscellaneous Health and Welfare Associate Professionals 3491 Ambulance Officers and Paramedics 3492 Dental Associate Professionals 3493 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers 3494 Massage Therapists 3900 OTHER ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3910 Police Officers 3911 Police Officers 3990 Miscellaneous Associate Professionals 3991 Primary Products Inspectors 3992 Safety Inspectors 3993 Sportspersons, Coaches and Related Support Workers 3994 Senior Non-Commissioned Defence Force Officers 3995 Senior Fire Fighters 3996 Retail Buyers 3997 Library Technicians 3999 Other Miscellaneous Associate Professionals 4000 TRADESPERSONS AND RELATED WORKERS 4100 MECHANICAL AND FABRICATION ENGINEERING TRADESPERSONS 4110 Mechanical Engineering Tradespersons 4111 General Mechanical Engineering Tradespersons 4112 Metal Fitters and Machinists 4113 Toolmakers 4114 Aircraft Maintenance Engineers 4115 Precision Metal Tradespersons 4120 Fabrication Engineering Tradespersons 4121 General Fabrication Engineering Tradespersons 4122 Structural Steel and Welding Tradespersons 4123 Forging Tradespersons 4124 Sheetmetal Tradespersons 4125 Metal Casting Tradespersons 4126 Metal Finishing Tradespersons 4200 AUTOMOTIVE TRADESPERSONS 4210 Automotive Tradespersons 4211 Motor Mechanics 4212 Automotive Electricians 4213 Panel Beaters 4214 Vehicle Painters 4215 Vehicle Body Makers 4216 Vehicle Trimmers 4300 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS TRADESPERSONS 4310 Electrical and Electronics Tradespersons 4311 Electricians 4312 Refrigeration and Airconditioning Mechanics 4313 Electrical Distribution Tradespersons 4314 Electronic Instrument Tradespersons 4315 Electronic and Office Equipment Tradespersons 4316 Communications Tradespersons 4400 CONSTRUCTION TRADESPERSONS 4410 Structural Construction Tradespersons 4411 Carpentry and Joinery Tradespersons 4412 Fibrous Plasterers 4413 Roof Slaters and Tilers 4414 Bricklayers 4415 Solid Plasterers 4416 Wall and Floor Tilers and Stonemasons 4420 Final Finishes Construction Tradespersons 4421 Painters and Decorators 4422 Signwriters

71 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

4423 Floor Finishers 4430 Plumbers 4431 Plumbers 4500 FOOD TRADESPERSONS 4510 Food Tradespersons 4511 Meat Tradespersons 4512 Bakers and Pastrycooks 4513 Cooks 4519 Other Food Tradespersons 4600 SKILLED AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL WORKERS 4610 Skilled Agricultural Workers 4611 Farm Overseers 4612 Shearers 4613 Wool, Hide and Skin Classers 4614 Animal Trainers 4620 Horticultural Tradespersons 4621 Nurserypersons 4622 Greenkeepers 4623 Gardeners 4900 OTHER TRADESPERSONS AND RELATED WORKERS 4910 Printing Tradespersons 4911 Graphic Pre-Press Tradespersons 4912 Printing Machinists and Small Offset Printers 4913 Binders and Finishers 4914 Screen Printers 4920 Wood Tradespersons 4921 Wood Machinists and Turners 4922 Cabinetmakers 4929 Other Wood Tradespersons 4930 Hairdressers 4931 Hairdressers 4940 Textile, Clothing and Related Tradespersons 4941 Clothing Tradespersons 4942 Upholsterers and Bedding Tradespersons 4943 Footwear Tradespersons 4944 Leather Goods, Canvas Goods and Sail Makers 4980 Miscellaneous Tradespersons and Related Workers 4981 Marine Construction Tradespersons 4982 Glass Tradespersons 4983 Jewellers and Related Tradespersons 4984 Florists 4985 Fire Fighters 4986 Drillers 4987 Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Plant Operators 4988 Power Generation Plant Operators 4991 Defence Force Members Not Elsewhere Included 4992 Performing Arts Support Workers 4999 Other Miscellaneous Tradespersons and Related Workers 5000 ADVANCED CLERICAL AND SERVICE WORKERS 5100 SECRETARIES AND PERSONAL ASSISTANTS 5110 Secretaries and Personal Assistants 5111 Secretaries and Personal Assistants 5900 OTHER ADVANCED CLERICAL AND SERVICE WORKERS 5910 Advanced Numerical Clerks 5911 Bookkeepers 5912 Credit and Loans Officers 5990 Miscellaneous Advanced Clerical and Service Workers 5991 Advanced Legal and Related Clerks 5992 Court and Hansard Reporters 5993 Insurance Agents 5994 Insurance Risk Surveyors, Investigators and Loss Adjusters

72 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

5995 Desktop Publishing Operators 5996 Travel Attendants 5999 Other Miscellaneous Advanced Clerical and Service Workers 6000 INTERMEDIATE CLERICAL, SALES AND SERVICE WORKERS 6100 INTERMEDIATE CLERICAL WORKERS 6110 General Clerks 6111 General Clerks 6120 Keyboard Operators 6121 Keyboard Operators 6130 Receptionists 6131 Receptionists 6140 Intermediate Numerical Clerks 6141 Accounting Clerks 6142 Payroll Clerks 6143 Bank Workers 6144 Insurance Clerks 6145 Money Market and Statistical Clerks 6150 Material Recording and Dispatching Clerks 6151 Production Recording Clerks 6152 Transport and Dispatching Clerks 6153 Stock and Purchasing Clerks 6190 Miscellaneous Intermediate Clerical Workers 6191 Inquiry and Admissions Clerks 6192 Library Assistants 6193 Personnel Clerks 6194 Intermediate Inspectors and Examiners 6199 Other Intermediate Clerical Workers 6200 INTERMEDIATE SALES AND RELATED WORKERS 6210 Intermediate Sales and Related Workers 6211 Sales Representatives 6212 Motor Vehicle and Related Products Salespersons 6213 Retail and Checkout Supervisors 6300 INTERMEDIATE SERVICE WORKERS 6310 Carers and Aides 6311 Education Aides 6312 Children's Care Workers 6313 Special Care Workers 6314 Personal Care and Nursing Assistants 6320 Hospitality Workers 6321 Hotel Service Supervisors 6322 Bar Attendants 6323 Waiters 6324 Hospitality Trainees 6390 Miscellaneous Intermediate Service Workers 6391 Dental Assistants 6392 Veterinary Nurses 6393 Prison Officers 6394 Gaming Workers 6395 Personal Care Consultants 6396 Fitness Instructors 6397 Travel and Tourism Agents 6399 Other Intermediate Service Workers 7000 INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT WORKERS 7100 INTERMEDIATE PLANT OPERATORS 7110 Mobile Plant Operators 7111 Mobile Construction Plant Operators 7112 Forklift Drivers 7119 Other Mobile Plant Operators 7120 Intermediate Stationary Plant Operators 7121 Engine and Boiler Operators 7122 Crane, Hoist and Lift Operators

73 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

7123 Engineering Production Systems Workers 7124 Pulp and Paper Mill Operators 7129 Other Intermediate Stationary Plant Operators 7200 INTERMEDIATE MACHINE OPERATORS 7210 Intermediate Textile, Clothing and Related Machine Operators 7211 Sewing Machinists 7212 Textile and Footwear Production Machine Operators 7290 Miscellaneous Intermediate Machine Operators 7291 Plastics Production Machine Operators 7292 Rubber Production Machine Operators 7293 Chemical Production Machine Operators 7294 Wood Processing Machine Operators 7295 Paper Products Machine Operators 7296 Glass Production Machine Operators 7297 Clay, Stone and Concrete Processing Machine Operators 7298 Photographic Developers and Printers 7299 Other Intermediate Machine Operators 7300 ROAD AND RAIL TRANSPORT DRIVERS 7310 Road and Rail Transport Drivers 7311 Truck Drivers 7312 Bus and Tram Drivers 7313 Automobile Drivers 7314 Delivery Drivers 7315 Train Drivers and Assistants 7900 OTHER INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT WORKERS 7910 Intermediate Mining and Construction Workers 7911 Miners 7912 Blasting Workers 7913 Structural Steel Construction Workers 7914 Insulation and Home Improvements Installers 7990 Miscellaneous Intermediate Production and Transport Workers 7991 Motor Vehicle Parts and Accessories Fitters 7992 Product Quality Controllers 7993 Storepersons 7994 Seafarers and Fishing Hands 7995 Forestry and Logging Workers 7996 Printing Hands 8000 ELEMENTARY CLERICAL, SALES AND SERVICE WORKERS 8100 ELEMENTARY CLERKS 8110 Elementary Clerks 8111 Registry and Filing Clerks 8112 Mail Sorting Clerks 8113 Switchboard Operators 8114 Messengers 8115 Betting Clerks 8116 Office Trainees 8119 Other Elementary Clerks 8200 ELEMENTARY SALES WORKERS 8210 Sales Assistants 8211 Sales Assistants 8290 Miscellaneous Elementary Sales Workers 8291 Checkout Operators and Cashiers 8292 Ticket Salespersons 8293 Street Vendors and Related Workers 8294 Telemarketers 8295 Sales Demonstrators and Models 8296 Service Station Attendants 8297 Sales and Service Trainees 8299 Other Elementary Sales Workers 8300 ELEMENTARY SERVICE WORKERS 8310 Elementary Service Workers

74 Note 1: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

8311 Guards and Security Officers 8312 Ushers, Porters and Related Workers 8313 Domestic Housekeepers 8314 Caretakers 8315 Laundry Workers 8319 Other Elementary Service Workers 9000 LABOURERS AND RELATED WORKERS 9100 CLEANERS 9110 Cleaners 9111 Cleaners 9200 FACTORY LABOURERS 9210 Process Workers 9211 Engineering Production Process Workers 9212 Product Assemblers 9213 Meat and Fish Process Workers 9214 Other Food Factory Hands 9215 Wood Products Factory Hands 9219 Other Process Workers 9220 Product Packagers 9221 Hand Packers 9222 Packagers and Container Fillers 9900 OTHER LABOURERS AND RELATED WORKERS 9910 Mining, Construction and Related Labourers 9911 Mining Support Workers and Driller's Assistants 9912 Earthmoving Labourers 9913 Paving and Surfacing Labourers 9914 Survey Hands 9915 Railway Labourers 9916 Construction and Plumber's Assistants 9917 Concreters 9918 Electrical and Telecommunications Trades Assistants 9919 Other Mining, Construction and Related Labourers 9920 Agricultural and Horticultural Labourers 9921 Farm Hands 9922 Nursery and Garden Labourers 9929 Other Agricultural and Horticultural Labourers 9930 Elementary Food Preparation and Related Workers 9931 Kitchenhands 9932 Fast Food Cooks 9933 Food Trades Assistants 9990 Miscellaneous Labourers and Related Workers 9991 Garbage Collectors 9992 Freight and Furniture Handlers 9993 Handypersons 9999 Other Miscellaneous Labourers and Related Workers

75 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Coding for extended country of birth variables XF3Own, XF3Mum, XF3Dad

Coded according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Standard Classification of Countries for Social Statistics. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics Catalogue No. 1269.0.

1000 Oceania and Antarctica NFD 1100 Australia 1200 Australian External Territories NFD 1203 Norfolk Island 1299 Other Australian External Territories 1301 New Zealand 1400 Melanesia NFD 1401 New Caledonia 1402 Papua New Guinea 1403 Solomon Islands 1404 Vanuatu 1500 Micronesia NFD 1501 Federated States of Micronesia 1502 Guam 1503 Kiribati 1504 Marshall Islands 1505 Nauru 1506 Northern Mariana Islands 1507 Palau 1600 Polynesia (excluding Hawaii) NFD 1601 Cook Islands 1602 Fiji 1603 French Polynesia 1604 Niue 1605 Samoa, American 1606 Samoa, Western 1607 Tokelau 1608 Tonga 1609 Tuvalu 1610 Wallis and Futuna 1699 Other Polynesia (excluding Hawaii) 1700 Antarctica NFD 1701 Adelie Land (France) 1702 Argentinian Antarctic Territory 1703 Australian Antarctic Territory 1704 British Antarctic Territory 1705 Chilean Antarctic Territory 1706 Queen Maud Land (Norway) 1707 Ross Dependency (New Zealand) 2000 Europe and the Former USSR NFD 2100 The United Kingdom and Ireland NFD 2101 England 2102 Scotland 2103 Wales 2104 Northern Ireland 2105 Channel Islands 2106 Isle of Man 2107 Ireland 2200 Southern Europe NFD 2201 Albania 2202 Andorra 2203 Cyprus 2204 Gibraltar 2205 Greece 2206 Holy See

76 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

2207 Italy 2208 Malta 2209 Portugal 2210 San Marino 2211 Spain 2220 Former Yugoslavia NFD 2221 Bosnia-Herzegovina 2222 Croatia 2223 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) 2226 Slovenia 2233 Former Yugoslav Republics of Serbia and Montenegro 2300 Western Europe NFD 2301 Austria 2302 Belgium 2303 France 2305 Germany, Federal Republic of 2306 Liechtenstein 2307 Luxembourg 2308 Monaco 2309 Netherlands 2310 Switzerland 2400 Northern Europe NFD 2401 Denmark 2402 Faeroe Islands 2403 Finland 2404 Greenland 2405 Iceland 2406 Norway 2407 Sweden 2500 Eastern Europe NFD 2501 Bulgaria 2502 Former Czechoslovakia NFD 2503 Hungary 2504 Poland 2505 Romania 2506 Czech Republic 2507 Slovak Republic 2600 Former USSR and the Baltic States NFD 2601 Armenia 2602 Azerbaijan 2603 Belarus 2604 Estonia 2605 Georgia 2606 Kazakhstan 2607 Kyrgyztan 2608 Latvia 2609 Lithuania 2610 Moldova 2611 Russian Federation 2612 Tadjikistan 2613 Turkmenistan 2614 Ukraine 2615 Uzbekistan 3000 The Middle East and North Africa NFD 3100 The Middle East NFD 3101 Bahrain 3102 Gaza Strip 3103 Iran 3104 Iraq 3105 Israel 3106 Jordan

77 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

3107 Kuwait 3108 Lebanon 3109 Oman 3110 Qatar 3111 Saudi Arabia 3112 Syria 3113 Turkey 3114 United Arab Emirates 3115 West Bank 3116 Yemen 3200 North Africa NFD 3201 Algeria 3202 Cape Verde 3203 Egypt 3204 Libya 3205 Mauritania 3206 Morocco 3207 Sudan 3208 Tunisia 3209 Western Sahara 3299 Other North Africa 4000 Southeast Asia 4100 Southeast Asia NFD 4101 Brunei 4102 Cambodia 4103 Indonesia 4104 Laos 4105 Malaysia 4106 Burma (Myanmar) 4107 Philippines 4108 Singapore 4109 Thailand 4110 Viet Nam 5000 Northeast Asia 5100 Northeast Asia NFD 5101 China (excluding Taiwan Province) 5102 Hong Kong 5103 Japan 5104 Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 5105 Korea, Republic of 5106 Macau 5107 Mongolia 5108 Taiwan (Province of China) 6000 Southern Asia 6100 Southern Asia NFD 6101 Afghanistan 6102 Bangladesh 6103 Bhutan 6104 India 6105 Maldives 6106 Nepal 6107 Pakistan 6108 Sri Lanka 7000 Northern America 7100 Northern America NFD 7101 Bermuda 7102 Canada 7103 St Pierre and Miquelon 7104 United States of America 8000 South America, Central America and Caribbean NFD 8100 South America NFD

78 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

8101 Argentina 8102 Bolivia 8103 Brazil 8104 Chile 8105 Colombia 8106 Ecuador 8107 Falkland Islands 8108 French Guiana 8109 Guyana 8110 Paraguay 8111 Peru 8112 Suriname 8113 Uruguay 8114 Venezuela 8200 Central America NFD 8201 Belize 8202 Costa Rica 8203 El Salvador 8204 Guatemala 8205 Honduras 8206 Mexico 8207 Nicaragua 8208 Panama 8300 The Caribbean NFD 8301 Anguilla 8302 Antigua and Barbuda 8303 Aruba 8304 Bahamas 8305 Barbados 8306 Cayman Islands 8307 Cuba 8308 Dominica 8309 Dominican Republic 8310 Grenada 8311 Guadeloupe 8312 Haiti 8313 Jamaica 8314 Martinique 8315 Montserrat 8316 Netherlands Antilles 8317 Puerto Rico 8318 St Kitts-Nevis 8319 St Lucia 8320 St Vincent and the Grenadines 8321 Trinidad and Tobago 8322 Turks and Caicos Islands 8323 Virgin Islands, British 8324 Virgin Islands, United States 9000 Africa (excluding North Africa) NFD 9100 Central and West Africa NFD 9101 Benin 9102 Burkina Faso 9103 Cameroon 9104 Central African Republic 9105 Chad 9106 Congo 9107 Cote d'Ivoire 9108 Equatorial Guinea 9109 Gabon 9110 Gambia 9111 Ghana

79 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

9112 Guinea 9113 Guinea-Bissau 9114 Liberia 9115 Mali 9116 Niger 9117 Nigeria 9118 Sao Tome and Principe 9119 Senegal 9120 Sierra Leone 9121 Togo 9122 Zaire 9200 Southern and East Africa NFD 9201 Angola 9202 Botswana 9203 Burundi 9204 Comoros (excluding Mayotte) 9205 Djibouti 9207 Kenya 9208 Lesotho 9209 Madagascar 9210 Malawi 9211 Mauritius 9212 Mayotte 9213 Mozambique 9214 Namibia 9215 Reunion 9216 Rwanda 9217 St Helena 9218 Seychelles 9219 Somalia 9220 South Africa 9221 Swaziland 9222 Tanzania 9223 Uganda 9224 Zambia 9225 Zimbabwe 9226 Eritrea 9888 Other (Not Specified)

80 Note 2: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Coding for religious affiliation variables XF5

01 Catholic-Roman 02 Catholic - not Roman 03 Church of England 04 Methodist 05 Orthodox 06 Presbyterian 07 Uniting Church 08 Armenian Apostolic 09 Baptist 10 Bretheren 11 Churches of Christ 13 Jehovah's Witness 14 Latter Day Saints 15 Lutheran 17 Salvation Army 18 Seventh Day Adventist 19 Other Protestant 20 Other Christian 21 Buddhist 22 Hebrew/Jewish 23 Muslim 24 Other Non-Christian 25 Hindu 97 Other (Not Specified) 98 No Religion

81 Note 4: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Coding for Party Identification variables XB1

01 A Better Future for Our Children 02 Abolish Child Support/Family Court Party 03 Advance Australia Party 04 Australia First Party 05 Australia's Indigenous People's Party (A.I.P.P.) 06 Australian Bill of Rights Group 07 Australian Democrats 08 Australian Greens 09 Australian Labor Party 10 Australian Men's Party 11 Australian Reform Party 12 Australian Shooters' Party 13 Australian Women's Party 14 Australians Against Further Immigration 15 The Australian Recreation and Fishing Party (ARAFP) 16 Christian Democratic Party 17 Call to Australia (CTA Child Protection Party) 18 Citizens Electoral Council 19 Country Liberal - The Territory Party 20 Democratic Socialists 21 Family Law Reform Party (F.L.R.) 22 EFF (Independent EFF) 23 Liberal Party of Australia 24 National Party of Australia 25 Natural Law Party 26 Nuclear Disarmament Party of Australia (NDP) 27 One Australia Party 28 One Nation Party 29 Pensioner and C.I.R. Alliance (C.I.R. Alliance) 30 Progressive Labour Party - Australia (formerly New Labour Party) 31 Queensland First 32 Rebuild Australia Party 33 Reclaim Australia:Reduce Immigration 34 Republican Party of Australia (The Community Republicans) 35 Socialist Equality Party 36 The Seniors 37 Shooters' Party Shoalhaven Branch 38 Tasmania First Party 97 Other (Not Specified) 98 No Party

82 Note 4: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

83 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

FREQUENCIES ADDENDUM

See Notes for value labels

XB1 B1. Extended - Party identification (Unweighted)

7 126 4 4 16 2 0 46 28 60 2 85 8 95 3 7 23 1159 35 81 38 1 0 86 9 1274 39 45 24 91 3 84 97 3 0 86 12 4 0 46 25 1 0 84 98 473 14 100

M I S S I N G D A T A Value Freq Value Freq Value Freq

-1 114

Valid cases 3289 Missing cases 114 ______

XOCC E5a. Extended - Respondent Occupation – ASCO2 (Unweighted)

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct -5 52 2 2 2210 1 0 28 2515 7 0 40 -4 204 6 8 2211 25 1 29 2521 11 0 41 -3 2 0 8 2212 2 0 29 2522 1 0 41 -2 32 1 9 2213 2 0 29 2523 3 0 41 -1 284 8 17 2220 7 0 29 2530 5 0 41 1000 7 0 17 2221 3 0 29 2531 1 0 41 1111 4 0 17 2222 6 0 30 2532 2 0 41 1112 68 2 19 2231 33 1 31 2533 11 0 41 1191 27 1 20 2291 17 0 31 2534 5 0 41 1192 4 0 20 2292 6 0 31 2535 4 0 42 1193 6 0 20 2294 8 0 32 2536 3 0 42 1210 1 0 20 2295 1 0 32 2537 4 0 42 1211 17 0 21 2299 5 0 32 2538 1 0 42 1212 5 0 21 2310 5 0 32 2541 3 0 42 1213 16 0 21 2311 1 0 32 2542 4 0 42 1221 4 0 22 2312 7 0 32 2543 7 0 42 1222 18 1 22 2320 1 0 32 2549 3 0 42 1223 2 0 22 2321 4 0 32 3110 1 0 42 1224 12 0 22 2322 1 0 32 3111 2 0 42 1230 13 0 23 2323 53 2 34 3112 11 0 43 1231 4 0 23 2324 6 0 34 3120 1 0 43 1291 6 0 23 2381 5 0 34 3121 6 0 43 1292 9 0 23 2382 6 0 34 3122 3 0 43 1293 21 1 24 2383 1 0 34 3123 1 0 43 1294 3 0 24 2385 2 0 34 3124 1 0 43 1295 2 0 24 2386 1 0 34 3125 3 0 43 1299 8 0 24 2392 2 0 34 3129 1 0 43 1310 19 1 25 2393 1 0 35 3211 7 0 43 1311 16 0 25 2394 3 0 35 3212 7 0 44 1312 22 1 26 2399 2 0 35 3213 7 0 44 1313 17 0 27 2400 1 0 35 3291 30 1 45 1314 1 0 27 2410 30 1 36 3292 12 0 45 2100 3 0 27 2411 9 0 36 3293 24 1 46 2111 2 0 27 2412 38 1 37 3294 2 0 46 2112 3 0 27 2413 23 1 38 3311 73 2 48 2114 6 0 27 2414 7 0 38 3320 4 0 48 2115 3 0 27 2421 23 1 39 3321 22 1 49

84 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 2120 2 0 27 2422 3 0 39 3322 7 0 49 2121 4 0 27 2490 1 0 39 3323 5 0 49 2122 2 0 27 2491 6 0 39 3324 1 0 49 2123 3 0 27 2492 2 0 39 3329 3 0 49 2124 6 0 28 2493 12 0 39 3391 5 0 49 2125 9 0 28 2510 1 0 39 3392 9 0 50 2126 9 0 28 2511 9 0 40 3393 9 0 50 2127 2 0 28 2512 11 0 40 3399 27 1 51 2128 2 0 28 2513 7 0 40 3411 29 1 51 2129 1 0 28 2514 1 0 40 3421 8 0 52

3491 3 0 52 4511 6 0 60 6142 5 0 72 3494 2 0 52 4512 5 0 60 6143 13 0 73 3910 12 0 52 4513 7 0 60 6144 15 0 73 3911 3 0 52 4519 1 0 60 6145 1 0 73 3991 3 0 52 4612 4 0 60 6150 2 0 73 3992 1 0 52 4613 2 0 61 6151 3 0 73 3993 10 0 53 4614 1 0 61 6152 12 0 74 3994 2 0 53 4620 2 0 61 6153 13 0 74 3995 1 0 53 4621 2 0 61 6191 16 0 74 3996 2 0 53 4622 3 0 61 6192 3 0 74 3997 4 0 53 4623 20 1 61 6193 10 0 75 3999 4 0 53 4910 4 0 61 6194 5 0 75 4000 3 0 53 4911 2 0 62 6199 6 0 75 4110 1 0 53 4912 3 0 62 6211 19 1 76 4112 33 1 54 4913 2 0 62 6212 5 0 76 4113 7 0 54 4922 2 0 62 6213 14 0 76 4114 5 0 55 4929 2 0 62 6310 1 0 76 4115 2 0 55 4931 15 0 62 6311 17 0 77 4121 3 0 55 4941 10 0 63 6312 20 1 77 4122 16 0 55 4942 2 0 63 6313 16 0 78 4125 3 0 55 4944 1 0 63 6314 22 1 78 4126 3 0 55 4982 3 0 63 6320 3 0 79 4211 18 1 56 4983 2 0 63 6321 1 0 79 4212 4 0 56 4984 2 0 63 6322 19 1 79 4213 2 0 56 4985 6 0 63 6323 28 1 80 4214 3 0 56 4986 2 0 63 6390 1 0 80 4216 1 0 56 4987 1 0 63 6391 2 0 80 4300 2 0 56 4988 1 0 63 6392 1 0 80 4310 3 0 56 4991 4 0 63 6393 2 0 80 4311 23 1 57 4992 2 0 63 6394 1 0 80 4312 5 0 57 4999 4 0 63 6395 2 0 80 4313 7 0 57 5111 102 3 66 6396 2 0 80 4314 2 0 57 5911 16 0 67 6397 4 0 80 4315 1 0 57 5912 5 0 67 6399 5 0 81 4316 11 0 58 5991 3 0 67 7100 1 0 81 4410 1 0 58 5992 2 0 67 7110 6 0 81 4411 23 1 58 5993 5 0 67 7111 5 0 81 4412 2 0 59 5994 2 0 67 7112 6 0 81 4413 2 0 59 5995 3 0 67 7119 3 0 81 4414 6 0 59 5996 3 0 68 7120 1 0 81 4415 5 0 59 5999 5 0 68 7121 1 0 81 4416 5 0 59 6100 3 0 68 7122 8 0 81 4421 11 0 59 6110 5 0 68 7123 2 0 82 4422 3 0 59 6111 46 1 69 7124 1 0 82 4423 1 0 59 6121 24 1 70 7129 4 0 82 4430 9 0 60 6131 40 1 71 7200 3 0 82 4431 1 0 60 6141 31 1 72 7210 7 0 82

85 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 7211 15 0 82 8111 1 0 88 9214 1 0 97 7212 6 0 83 8112 12 0 88 9215 2 0 97 7290 3 0 83 8113 7 0 88 9219 1 0 97 7293 2 0 83 8114 4 0 88 9221 5 0 97 7294 5 0 83 8119 5 0 88 9222 3 0 97 7295 4 0 83 8211 128 4 92 9900 10 0 97 7297 3 0 83 8291 15 0 93 9910 4 0 97 7298 3 0 83 8292 1 0 93 9913 5 0 98 7299 3 0 83 8293 1 0 93 9915 4 0 98 7300 1 0 83 8294 6 0 93 9916 7 0 98 7311 41 1 84 8296 5 0 93 9917 2 0 98 7312 18 1 85 8299 1 0 93 9918 4 0 98 7313 12 0 85 8311 9 0 93 9919 1 0 98 7314 15 0 86 8312 2 0 93 9920 3 0 98 7315 5 0 86 8313 5 0 94 9921 13 0 99 7911 10 0 86 8314 8 0 94 9922 2 0 99 7912 1 0 86 8315 6 0 94 9929 6 0 99 7913 1 0 86 8319 7 0 94 9931 16 0 99 7991 1 0 86 9111 53 2 96 9932 5 0 99 7992 8 0 87 9200 8 0 96 9933 5 0 100 7993 21 1 87 9210 7 0 96 9991 1 0 100 7994 7 0 87 9211 1 0 96 9992 6 0 100 7995 6 0 88 9212 4 0 96 9993 9 0 100 7996 1 0 88 9213 10 0 97 9999 1 0 100

Valid cases 3403 Missing cases 0 ______

XSPOCC F16. Extended - Spouse Occupation - ASCO2 (Unweighted)

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct -5 4 0 0 2221 8 0 49 2536 1 0 58 -4 106 3 3 2231 19 1 50 2537 5 0 58 -3 1029 30 33 2291 12 0 50 2541 2 0 58 -2 46 1 35 2292 13 0 51 2542 2 0 58 -1 159 5 39 2293 1 0 51 2543 3 0 58 1000 20 1 40 2294 3 0 51 3000 1 0 58 1111 4 0 40 2295 2 0 51 3100 2 0 58 1112 60 2 42 2299 3 0 51 3110 1 0 58 1191 21 1 43 2310 7 0 51 3111 2 0 58 1192 2 0 43 2311 3 0 51 3112 5 0 58 1193 4 0 43 2312 7 0 52 3120 3 0 58 1200 1 0 43 2321 2 0 52 3121 5 0 58 1211 3 0 43 2323 31 1 52 3122 1 0 58 1212 4 0 43 2324 2 0 53 3124 2 0 59 1213 1 0 43 2381 3 0 53 3125 1 0 59 1221 2 0 43 2382 4 0 53 3211 9 0 59 1222 14 0 43 2384 1 0 53 3212 3 0 59 1223 5 0 44 2385 3 0 53 3213 2 0 59 1224 4 0 44 2391 2 0 53 3291 20 1 60 1230 14 0 44 2392 2 0 53 3292 8 0 60 1231 3 0 44 2394 1 0 53 3293 22 1 60 1291 2 0 44 2399 2 0 53 3294 2 0 61 1292 2 0 44 2400 1 0 53 3311 52 2 62 1293 20 1 45 2410 33 1 54 3320 2 0 62 1294 1 0 45 2411 5 0 54 3321 19 1 63

86 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 1295 1 0 45 2412 22 1 55 3322 3 0 63 1299 6 0 45 2413 12 0 55 3323 8 0 63 1310 19 1 46 2414 3 0 55 3325 1 0 63 1311 20 1 46 2420 1 0 55 3329 1 0 63 1312 18 1 47 2421 13 0 56 3391 1 0 63 1313 13 0 47 2422 2 0 56 3392 8 0 63 2000 3 0 47 2491 7 0 56 3393 6 0 63 2100 1 0 47 2492 1 0 56 3399 19 1 64 2114 5 0 48 2493 3 0 56 3411 31 1 65 2120 3 0 48 2510 1 0 56 3421 6 0 65 2121 4 0 48 2511 4 0 56 3491 1 0 65 2123 3 0 48 2512 2 0 56 3910 6 0 65 2124 2 0 48 2513 5 0 56 3911 3 0 65 2125 6 0 48 2514 4 0 57 3991 1 0 65 2126 5 0 48 2515 5 0 57 3993 6 0 66 2127 2 0 48 2521 9 0 57 3994 6 0 66 2128 2 0 48 2529 3 0 57 3999 1 0 66 2129 1 0 48 2530 2 0 57 4000 2 0 66 2211 22 1 49 2531 3 0 57 4110 2 0 66 2212 4 0 49 2532 1 0 57 4111 2 0 66 2213 1 0 49 2533 2 0 57 4112 28 1 67 2220 3 0 49 2534 7 0 58 4113 2 0 67

4114 2 0 67 4982 1 0 73 6397 4 0 86 4120 1 0 67 4983 2 0 73 6399 6 0 86 4122 9 0 67 4985 4 0 73 7100 1 0 86 4125 1 0 67 4987 2 0 74 7110 8 0 87 4200 1 0 67 4991 7 0 74 7111 8 0 87 4210 2 0 67 4992 4 0 74 7112 6 0 87 4211 17 0 68 4999 4 0 74 7119 6 0 87 4212 1 0 68 5111 68 2 76 7120 2 0 87 4213 1 0 68 5911 7 0 76 7121 3 0 87 4214 4 0 68 5912 1 0 76 7122 1 0 87 4300 2 0 68 5991 1 0 76 7123 2 0 87 4310 2 0 68 5993 2 0 76 7124 1 0 87 4311 20 1 69 5996 2 0 76 7129 8 0 88 4312 1 0 69 5999 3 0 76 7200 2 0 88 4313 3 0 69 6100 2 0 77 7210 1 0 88 4314 3 0 69 6110 5 0 77 7211 4 0 88 4315 3 0 69 6111 52 2 78 7212 3 0 88 4316 5 0 69 6121 15 0 79 7290 3 0 88 4411 18 1 70 6130 1 0 79 7291 1 0 88 4412 2 0 70 6131 24 1 79 7292 1 0 88 4414 3 0 70 6141 29 1 80 7293 1 0 88 4415 3 0 70 6142 13 0 81 7294 1 0 88 4416 4 0 70 6143 17 0 81 7295 2 0 88 4421 18 1 71 6151 2 0 81 7298 1 0 88 4423 2 0 71 6152 3 0 81 7311 29 1 89 4430 10 0 71 6153 12 0 82 7312 10 0 89 4431 2 0 71 6191 14 0 82 7313 8 0 90 4511 6 0 71 6192 1 0 82 7314 5 0 90 4512 4 0 71 6193 7 0 82 7315 2 0 90 4513 9 0 72 6194 5 0 82 7911 6 0 90 4612 3 0 72 6199 4 0 83 7912 1 0 90 4614 1 0 72 6211 20 1 83 7913 3 0 90 4620 1 0 72 6212 6 0 83 7914 1 0 90 4621 4 0 72 6213 3 0 83 7991 2 0 90 4622 4 0 72 6310 1 0 83 7992 5 0 90 4623 9 0 72 6311 12 0 84 7993 21 1 91

87 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 4910 1 0 72 6312 18 1 84 7994 1 0 91 4911 1 0 72 6313 10 0 85 7995 5 0 91 4912 1 0 72 6314 17 0 85 7996 1 0 91 4913 2 0 72 6320 1 0 85 8000 1 0 91 4920 1 0 72 6322 7 0 85 8110 1 0 91 4921 2 0 72 6323 10 0 86 8111 1 0 91 4922 3 0 73 6391 6 0 86 8112 11 0 92 4929 2 0 73 6392 1 0 86 8113 8 0 92 4931 16 0 73 6393 2 0 86 8114 9 0 92 4941 6 0 73 6394 2 0 86 8211 86 3 95 4981 2 0 73 6395 1 0 86 8291 7 0 95 8292 1 0 95 9200 10 0 97 9915 2 0 98 8293 2 0 95 9210 10 0 97 9916 4 0 98 8294 3 0 95 9211 1 0 97 9917 3 0 99 8295 1 0 95 9212 1 0 97 9920 6 0 99 8311 8 0 95 9213 7 0 98 9921 7 0 99 8312 1 0 95 9214 3 0 98 9922 2 0 99 8313 1 0 95 9219 2 0 98 9929 4 0 99 8314 4 0 95 9220 1 0 98 9931 13 0 100 8315 3 0 95 9221 5 0 98 9932 3 0 100 8319 2 0 96 9222 1 0 98 9991 1 0 100 9000 1 0 96 9900 8 0 98 9992 8 0 100 9110 1 0 96 9912 1 0 98 9993 2 0 100 9111 37 1 97 9913 5 0 98 9999 3 0 100

Valid cases 3403 Missing cases 0 ______XF3OWN Extended-Country of birth (Unweighted)

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 1100 2550 79 79 2401 2 0 94 4108 10 0 97 1299 2 0 79 2403 3 0 94 4109 2 0 97 1301 45 1 80 2503 6 0 94 4110 22 1 98 1402 4 0 80 2504 8 0 95 5101 8 0 98 1602 1 0 80 2505 1 0 95 5102 10 0 98 1606 1 0 80 2506 6 0 95 5103 1 0 99 1608 2 0 81 2608 3 0 95 5104 1 0 99 2100 283 9 89 2609 1 0 95 5108 1 0 99 2102 1 0 89 2611 2 0 95 6102 1 0 99 2104 1 0 89 2614 1 0 95 6104 10 0 99 2107 15 0 90 3104 1 0 95 6108 3 0 99 2201 1 0 90 3105 1 0 95 7102 2 0 99 2203 3 0 90 3108 5 0 95 7104 7 0 99 2205 19 1 90 3113 1 0 95 8104 2 0 99 2207 27 1 91 3200 1 0 95 8112 1 0 99 2208 9 0 92 3203 7 0 96 8113 2 0 99 2209 1 0 92 3207 1 0 96 9207 1 0 99 2220 23 1 92 4100 1 0 96 9211 4 0 100 2222 1 0 92 4101 1 0 96 9218 1 0 100 2223 3 0 92 4102 2 0 96 9220 8 0 100 2301 4 0 93 4103 4 0 96 9224 2 0 100 2302 1 0 93 4104 2 0 96 9225 1 0 100 2303 4 0 93 4105 5 0 96 9888 1 0 100 2305 23 1 93 4106 3 0 96 2309 20 1 94 4107 23 1 97

Valid cases 3236 Missing cases 167 ______

88 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

XF3MUM Extended-Mothers country of birth (Unweighted) Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 1100 2167 67 67 2305 35 1 91 4105 6 0 95 1301 56 2 69 2309 45 1 92 4106 3 0 95 1402 1 0 69 2310 1 0 92 4107 26 1 96 1602 2 0 69 2401 2 0 92 4108 3 0 96 1606 2 0 69 2403 5 0 93 4109 2 0 96 1608 2 0 69 2503 8 0 93 4110 23 1 97 2100 436 14 83 2504 17 1 93 5101 23 1 98 2101 2 0 83 2505 1 0 93 5102 7 0 98 2102 4 0 83 2506 10 0 94 5104 1 0 98 2104 1 0 83 2507 1 0 94 6102 1 0 98 2107 32 1 84 2604 4 0 94 6104 16 0 99 2201 1 0 84 2608 6 0 94 6107 2 0 99 2203 5 0 84 2609 2 0 94 6108 4 0 99 2205 35 1 86 2611 2 0 94 7102 3 0 99 2207 71 2 88 2614 5 0 94 7104 10 0 99 2208 15 0 88 3104 1 0 94 8104 4 0 99 2209 1 0 88 3108 6 0 95 8113 2 0 99 2211 1 0 88 3113 2 0 95 8322 1 0 99 2220 32 1 89 3203 6 0 95 9211 4 0 99 2222 2 0 89 3204 1 0 95 9218 2 0 100 2223 4 0 89 4100 1 0 95 9220 9 0 100 2301 5 0 90 4102 2 0 95 9225 2 0 100 2302 1 0 90 4103 4 0 95 9226 1 0 100 2303 7 0 90 4104 1 0 95 9888 3 0 100 Valid cases 3211 Missing cases 192 ______XF3DAD Extended-Fathers country of birth (Unweighted) Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 1100 2069 65 65 2310 1 0 92 4107 23 1 96 1301 47 1 66 2401 3 0 92 4108 3 0 96 1404 1 0 66 2403 5 0 92 4109 3 0 96 1602 1 0 66 2406 1 0 92 4110 21 1 97 1606 1 0 66 2407 1 0 93 5101 22 1 98 1608 2 0 66 2503 11 0 93 5102 7 0 98 2100 484 15 81 2504 21 1 94 5103 2 0 98 2101 4 0 82 2505 1 0 94 5104 2 0 98 2102 7 0 82 2506 9 0 94 6102 1 0 98 2104 1 0 82 2507 1 0 94 6104 16 1 99 2105 1 0 82 2604 2 0 94 6107 1 0 99 2107 38 1 83 2608 5 0 94 6108 3 0 99 2201 1 0 83 2609 3 0 94 7102 1 0 99 2203 7 0 83 2611 5 0 94 7104 11 0 99 2205 34 1 84 2614 6 0 95 8100 1 0 99 2207 88 3 87 3104 1 0 95 8104 3 0 99 2208 21 1 88 3108 6 0 95 8111 1 0 99 2209 2 0 88 3113 2 0 95 8113 2 0 99 2211 1 0 88 3200 1 0 95 8322 1 0 99 2220 36 1 89 3203 5 0 95 9207 1 0 99 2222 3 0 89 3204 1 0 95 9211 5 0 100 2223 4 0 89 4100 2 0 95 9218 2 0 100 2301 8 0 89 4102 1 0 95 9220 7 0 100 2302 3 0 90 4103 4 0 95 9224 1 0 100 2303 6 0 90 4104 1 0 95 9888 3 0 100 2305 33 1 91 4105 5 0 95 2309 45 1 92 4106 3 0 96 Valid cases 3198 Missing cases 202 ______

89 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

XF5 Extended-Religion

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 1 822 25 25 10 4 0 71 20 103 3 77 2 7 0 25 11 14 0 71 21 27 1 78 3 872 26 51 13 5 0 71 22 15 0 78 4 1 0 51 14 5 0 71 23 3 0 78 5 79 2 53 15 50 2 73 24 11 0 78 6 150 5 58 17 17 1 73 25 8 0 79 7 365 11 69 18 10 0 74 97 24 1 79 9 47 1 70 19 5 0 74 98 685 21 100

Valid cases 3329 Missing cases 71

______

F2 F2. Year of birth (Unweighted)

Cum Cum Cum Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct Value Freq Pct Pct 3 1 0 0 34 41 1 18 61 70 2 67 6 1 0 0 35 41 1 20 62 64 2 69 9 1 0 0 36 35 1 21 63 65 2 72 10 7 0 0 37 37 1 22 64 63 2 74 11 7 0 1 38 38 1 23 65 60 2 75 12 4 0 1 39 39 1 24 66 45 1 77 13 5 0 1 40 49 2 26 67 56 2 79 14 7 0 1 41 31 1 27 68 55 2 80 15 9 0 1 42 49 2 28 69 52 2 82 16 13 0 2 43 53 2 30 70 51 2 84 17 14 0 2 44 55 2 32 71 65 2 86 18 19 1 3 45 52 2 33 72 38 1 87 19 17 1 3 46 65 2 36 73 42 1 88 20 19 1 4 47 83 3 38 74 55 2 90 21 22 1 5 48 62 2 40 75 37 1 91 22 22 1 5 49 70 2 42 76 34 1 92 23 21 1 6 50 73 2 45 77 42 1 94 24 17 1 7 51 61 2 47 78 42 1 95 25 25 1 7 52 68 2 49 79 58 2 97 26 35 1 8 53 58 2 51 80 44 1 98 27 39 1 10 54 72 2 53 81 46 1 100 28 36 1 11 55 60 2 55 82 5 0 100 29 40 1 12 56 69 2 57 83 1 0 100 30 34 1 13 57 68 2 59 95 1 0 100 31 40 1 15 58 65 2 61 96 1 0 100 32 34 1 16 59 61 2 63 33 41 1 17 60 59 2 65

Valid cases 3136 Missing cases 295

______

90 Frequencies Addendum: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

91 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

QUESTIONNAIRE

92 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

93 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

CONFIDENTIAL

Australian Constitutional Referendum Study

HOW TO FILL OUT THIS QUESTIONNAIRE To answer most of the questions you only need to circle a number. Please circle the number which is closest to your view—there are no right or wrong answers. Here is an example.

Do you think the government should spend more or less on education?

Spend more on education ...... 1 Doesn’t matter ...... 2 Spend less on education ...... 3

If you think the government should spend more on education, you would circle “1” as shown.

Sometimes you are asked to write in an answer — in that case, simply write your answer in the space provided.

Please read each question carefully. And remember, we just want to know your own personal views.

Please return the completed questionnaire in the post-paid envelope provided to: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study Research School of Social Sciences Australian National University Locked Bag 8650 Canberra ACT 2601

We hope you enjoy the questionnaire. And thank you very much for taking part in this study.

Professor Ian McAllister, Australian National University Dr David Gow, University of Queensland Associate Professor Clive Bean, Queensland University of Technology

94 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Section A: The Referendum Campaign

First, some questions about the Constitutional Referendum campaign leading up to polling day on Saturday 6 November.

A1. Generally speaking, how much interest do you usually have in what's going on in politics? A good deal...... 1 [106] Some...... 2 Not much...... 3 None ...... 4

A2. In the weeks leading up to polling day, how much attention did you pay to reports about the referendum in the newspapers—a good deal, some, not much or none at all? A good deal...... 1 Some...... 2 Not much...... 3 None at all...... 4 A3. In the weeks leading up to polling day, did you follow the referendum news on television—a good deal, some, not much or none at all? And did you follow the referendum campaign news on the radio? Television Radio A good deal...... 1 1 [108-9] Some...... 2 2 Not much...... 3 3 None at all...... 4 4

A4. And how much interest would you say you took in the referendum campaign overall? A good deal...... 1 Some...... 2 Not much...... 3 None at all...... 4

A5. And over the last few weeks how much would you say you have discussed the referendum with family, friends or others? Would it have been a lot, some, not much, or not at all? A lot ...... 1 [111] Some ...... 2 Not much...... 3 Not at all...... 4

95 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A6. On 23 and 24 October, two weeks before the referendum, a ‘Deliberative Poll’ was held in Old Parliament House in Canberra. Did you follow any of the coverage of the ‘Deliberative Poll’ on ABC-TV? And did you follow any of the coverage on the radio? Television Radio Followed most...... 1 1 [112-3] Followed some...... 2 2 Followed hardly any...... 3 3 Did not follow ...... 4 4

A7. Did you see the 60 Minutes program on the ‘Deliberative Poll’? Yes ...... 1 No...... 2

A8. Do you think that voting at constitutional referendums should be compulsory, or do you think that people should only have to vote if they want to? Strongly favour compulsory voting...... 1 Favour compulsory voting ...... 2 Favour people voting only if they want to ...... 3 Strongly favour people voting only if they want to...... 4

A9. Would you have voted in the Constitutional Referendum if voting had not been compulsory? Definitely would have voted ...... 1 Probably would have voted...... 2 Might, might not ...... 3 Probably not ...... 4 Definitely not...... 5

A10. Would you say you cared a good deal about the outcome of the referendum or that you did not care very much about the outcome? Cared a good deal ...... 1 Did not care very much...... 2 Did not care at all...... 3

A11. When did you decide how you would definitely vote in the Constitutional Referendum about the Republic? A long time ago...... 1 [118] A few months ago...... 2 In recent weeks...... 3 A few days before polling day...... 4 On polling day...... 5

96 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

A12. In the Constitutional Referendum held on Saturday 6 November, did you vote YES or NO for Australia to become a Republic? YES ...... 1 [119] NO...... 2 Voted informal/Did not vote...... 9

A13. And did you vote YES or NO for the addition of a Preamble to the Constitution? YES ...... 1 NO...... 2 Voted informal/Did not vote...... 9

A14. If you had to choose among the following possibilities for Australia, which one would be your first choice? And which one would be you second choice? 1. A President directly elected by the people 2. A President appointed by Parliament 3. Retaining the Queen and the Governor-General 4. Don’t Know

PUT THE NUMBER OF THE STATEMENT IN THE APPROPRIATE BOX.

>> First choice...... Second choice...... [121-2]

A15. Under the proposed change to a Republic, would you prefer the President to have greater powers than the current Governor-General, the same powers, or fewer powers? Greater powers ...... 1 Same powers ...... 2 Fewer powers ...... 3

A16. When you voted in the referendum, would you say that you knew enough about the issues, or would you have liked to have had more information about them? Knew enough ...... 1 Little more information...... 2 Lot more information ...... 3

A17. Was there any time during the referendum campaign when you seriously thought you might vote differently on the question of Australia becoming a Republic? No, there was not ...... 1 [125] Yes, there was ...... 2

97 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Section B: Political Parties and Leaders

B1. Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as Liberal, Labor, National or what? Liberal...... 1 [126] Labor ...... 2 National (Country) Party ...... 3 Australian Democrats ...... 4 Greens...... 5 One Nation ...... 6 Other party (please specify)______7 No party...... 8 [GO TO B.3]

B2. Would you call yourself a very strong, fairly strong, or not very strong supporter of that party? Very strong supporter ...... 1 Fairly strong supporter...... 2 Not very strong supporter ...... 3

B3. On the whole, are you very satisfied, fairly satisfied, not very satisfied or not at all satisfied with the way democracy works in Australia? Very satisfied ...... 1 Fairly satisfied...... 2 Not very satisfied ...... 3 Not at all satisfied ...... 4

B4. In politics, people sometimes talk about the ‘left’ and the ‘right’. Where would you place yourself on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means the left and 10 means the right?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [129-30] Left Right

B5. In the last Federal election in October 1998, when the Liberals were led by John Howard and Labor by Kim Beazley, which party got your first preference in the House of Representatives election? Liberal Party ...... 1 [131] Labor Party (ALP)...... 2 National (Country) Party ...... 3 Australian Democrats ...... 4 Greens...... 5 One Nation ...... 6 Another party/independent ...... 7 Did not vote ...... 9

98 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

B6. If the federal election were held today, which party would you vote for in the House of Representatives? Liberal Party...... 1 [132] Labor Party (ALP) ...... 2 National (Country) Party...... 3 Australian Democrats...... 4 Greens ...... 5 One Nation...... 6 Another party/independent...... 7 Would not vote/ vote informal ...... 9

B7. Finally in this section, we would like to know what you think about each of the following political groups. Please rate each group on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means you strongly dislike that group and 10 means that you strongly like that group. If you are neutral about a particular group or don't know much about them, you should give them a rating of 5.

Strongly Strongly dislike Neutral like How do you feel about: Liberal Party 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [133-4] Labor Party (ALP) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 National Party 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 One Nation 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Australian Democrats 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Monarchists 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Republicans 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [145-6]

B8. Again using a scale from 0 to 10, please show how much you like or dislike the following political figures. Again, if you don't know much about them, you should give them a rating of 5.

Strongly Strongly dislike Neutral like How do you feel about: Kim Beazley 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [147-8] John Howard 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Meg Lees 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Pauline Hanson 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Malcolm Turnbull 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kerry Jones 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [157-8]

99 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

B9. In general, do you feel that the people in government are too often interested in looking after themselves, or do you feel that they can be trusted to do the right thing nearly all the time? Usually look after themselves ...... 1 [159] Sometimes look after themselves...... 2 Sometimes can be trusted to do the right thing ...... 3 Usually can be trusted to do the right thing...... 4

B10. Some people say that Federal politicians know what ordinary people think. Others say that Federal politicians don't know much about what ordinary people think. Where would you place your view on this scale from 1 to 5?

1 2 3 4 5 Federal politicians Federal politicians know what don't know what ordinary people ordinary people think think

And if 1 means no matter who people vote for, it won't make any difference to what happens, and 5 means that who people vote for can make a difference, where would you place your view?

1 2 3 4 5 Who people vote Who people vote for won't make a for can make a difference difference

Section C: National Identity and the Head of State

C1. Some people say the following things are important for being truly Australian. Others say they are not important. How important do you think each thing is?

Very Fairly Not very Not at all important important important important Being born in Australia ...... 1 2 3 4 Having Australian citizenship ..... 1 2 3 4 Living in Australia most of one's life ...... 1 2 3 4 Being able to speak English ...... 1 2 3 4 Being Christian ...... 1 2 3 4 Respecting Australia's political institutions and laws...... 1 2 3 4 Feeling Australian...... 1 2 3 4 [168]

100 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C2. How proud are you of Australia in each of the following?

Very Fairly Not very Not proud proud proud proud at all The way democracy works ...... 1 2 3 4 [169] Its political influence in the world ... 1 2 3 4 Australia's economic 1 2 3 4 achievements ...... Its social security system ...... 1 2 3 4 Its scientific and technological achievements ...... 1 2 3 4 Its history ...... 1 2 3 4 Australia's armed forces...... 1 2 3 4 Its achievements in sports...... 1 2 3 4 Its achievements in the arts and literature ...... 1 2 3 4

C3. How important do you feel the Queen and the Royal Family are to Australia? Very important...... 1 Fairly important ...... 2 Not very important...... 3

C4. On the issue of the Australian flag, do you … ...strongly favour changing the flag ...... 1 ...favour changing the flag...... 2 ...favour retaining the flag...... 3 ...strongly favour retaining the flag ...... 4

C5. How strongly do you agree or disagree with these statements?

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree Disagree Australia should keep rather than cut its remaining constitutional ties with Britain ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Under the proposed change to a Republic the President should be someone from outside politics...... 1 2 3 4 5 Our head of state should be an Australian...... 1 2 3 4 5 The whole debate over becoming a Republic is a distraction from Australia’s real problems ...... 1 2 3 4 5 [183]

101 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C6. And how much do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements?

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree Disagree I would rather be a citizen of Australia than of any other country in the world ... 1 2 3 4 5 [184] When Australia does well in international sports it makes me proud to be Australian...... 1 2 3 4 5 The world would be a better place if people from other countries were more like Australians ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Generally speaking, Australia is a much better country than most other countries ...... 1 2 3 4 5

C7. To the best of your knowledge, are you descended from one or more of the convicts who were sent to Australia during the early period of British settlement in this country? Yes, I am...... 1 I may be...... 2 No, I am not ...... 3 I really don’t know...... 4

C8. How interested are you personally in learning about your family tree or your family’s history? Very interested ...... 1 Somewhat interested...... 2 Not at all interested...... 3

C9. How often have you searched for information about your family tree or your family history on the Internet or the World Wide Web? Never...... 1 [190] Once or twice...... 2 More often ...... 3

102 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C10. Now for some questions about our head of state. Firstly, as far as you know, which one of these best describes the current role of the Queen in relation to the Australian Governor-General? (Circle one number only) She chooses the Governor-General...... 1 [191] She appoints the Governor-General only on the advice of the Prime Minister...... 2 She appoints the Governor-General only on the recommendation of parliament...... 3 She has no role in choosing or appointing the Governor-General...... 4 Don’t know ...... 5

C11. As far as you know, which one of these is true of the current role of the Governor- General in Australia? (Circle one number only) He performs only ceremonial duties...... 1 He can decide whether or not to dismiss the government...... 2 He acts only on the Queen’s instructions ...... 3 He controls the government ...... 4 Don’t know ...... 5

C12. Under the proposed change to a Republic, as far as you know which one of these would the role of the President be more like? (Circle one number only) The current Governor-General...... 1 The American President...... 2 The British Prime Minister...... 3 The current Australian Prime Minister...... 4 Don’t know ...... 5 C13. Under the proposed change to a Republic, as far as you know, which one of these best describes how the Australian Prime Minister in the Republic can remove the President? (Circle one number only) At any time without reporting to Parliament...... 1 At any time but must later obtain approval from the House of Representatives ...... 2 Only after a fair trial by Parliament...... 3 The Prime Minister could not remove the President ...... 4 Don’t know ...... 5 C14. And on the whole would you say the Liberal Party, or the Labor Party, is more in favour of Australia becoming a Republic?

Liberal Party more in favour...... 1 [195] Labor Party more in favour...... 2 Equally in favour ...... 3 Not much impression ...... 4

103 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C15. Please indicate how strongly you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about what would happen under the proposed change to a Republic.

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree Disagree The Prime Minister would become more powerful...... 1 2 3 4 5 [196] The President would be no more powerful than the Governor-General...... 1 2 3 4 5 The change to a Republic would be very expensive...... 1 2 3 4 5 Australia would remain a member of the Commonwealth .. 1 2 3 4 5 Australia’s record of political stability would be endangered .... 1 2 3 4 5 Further constitutional reform would become more difficult ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Australia would become a more independent country...... 1 2 3 4 5 Australia’s standing in the world would be improved ...... 1 2 3 4 5 The Prime Minister would be more likely to have confrontations with a President in a Republic than the Prime Minister has now with the Governor-General...... 1 2 3 4 5 The states in our federal system would be weakened...... 1 2 3 4 5 Australia’s government would be more democratic...... 1 2 3 4 5

C16. Now here are another couple of statements, only these are about the Australian system of government. How strongly to you agree or disagree with these statements?

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree Disagree The Queen plays an important part in guaranteeing the democratic rights of the Australian people...... 1 2 3 4 5 For the most part, the Queen promotes British rather than Australian interests ...... 1 2 3 4 5 [208]

104 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

C17. And now two statements about the President, under the proposed change to a Republic. If the President were to be appointed by a two-thirds majority of federal parliament, rather than elected by voters, how strongly do you agree or disagree with these statements.

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree Disagree The President would be less likely to be a politician ...... 1 2 3 4 5 [209] The political parties would play a greater role in 1 2 3 4 5 choosing the President......

C18. Under the proposed change to a Republic, which of these, as far as you know, would definitely change. (Circle all that apply)

The Australian Flag...... 1 [211] The National Anthem ...... 2 The word ‘Royal’ in the names of the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force ..... 3 Australia’s participation in the Commonwealth Games ...... 4 None ...... 5 [215]

Section D: Issues and Social Policy

D1. Please say whether you strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with each of these statements.

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree disagree High income tax makes people less willing to work hard...... 1 2 3 4 5 The trade unions in this country have too much power...... 1 2 3 4 5 Big business in this country has too much power...... 1 2 3 4 5 [218]

105 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

Neither Strongly agree nor Strongly agree Agree disagree Disagree disagree Income and wealth should be redistributed towards ordinary working people ...... 1 2 3 4 5 [219] There should be stricter laws to regulate the activities of trade unions .... 1 2 3 4 5 The death penalty should be reintroduced for murder...... 1 2 3 4 5 People who break the law should be given stiffer sentences...... 1 2 3 4 5 Women should be given preferential treatment when applying for jobs and promotions...... 1 2 3 4 5

D2. The statements below indicate some of the changes that have been happening in Australia over the years. For each one, please say whether you think the change has gone too far, not gone far enough, or is it about right? Gone Not gone much too Gone About Not gone nearly far far too far right far enough enough Equal opportunities for migrants ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Aboriginal land rights ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Equal opportunities for women...... 1 2 3 4 5 The number of migrants allowed into Australia at the present time...... 1 2 3 4 5 Government help for Aborigines ...... 1 2 3 4 5 Building closer relations with Asia...... 1 2 3 4 5

D3. Next, a question about what you think the aims of Australia should be for the next ten years. Here is a list of four aims that different people would give priority. 1. Maintain order in the nation 2. Give people more say in important government decisions 3. Fight rising prices 4. Protect freedom of speech If you had to choose among these four aims, which would be your first choice? And which would be your second choice? PUT THE NUMBER OF THE STATEMENT IN THE APPROPRIATE BOX.

>> First choice ...... Second choice ...... [230-1]

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D4. The next few questions are about things some people consider important in life. We would like to know how important they are to you. How important is it …?

Very Somewhat Not important important important To strengthen respect and [232] obedience for authority...... 1 2 3 To have equal employment opportunity in hiring and promotion...... 1 2 3 To make a special effort to protect ethnic and racial minorities ...... 1 2 3 To guarantee equality between men and women in all aspects of life? ...... 1 2 3 How important is preserving traditional ideas of right and wrong...... 1 2 3

D5. Ideally, Australian society should be … A unified body pursuing a common goal ...... 1 A collection of people independently pursuing their own goals...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

D6. Government by its nature … Is the best instrument for promoting the general interests of society ...... 1 Threatens the rights of people and must not be trusted ....2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

D7. In our society today, too much emphasis is placed on … Freedom...... 1 Conformity...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

D8. Our laws should aim to … Enforce the community’s standards of right and wrong.....1 Protect a citizen’s right to live by any moral standards he or she chooses...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

D9. In society today, too little emphasis is placed on … Respect for established institutions...... 1 [241] The rights of the individual ...... 2 Neither, undecided ...... 3

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Section E: Education and Work

E1. How old were you when you left secondary school? Age ______[242-3] No formal schooling…………… 96 Went to primary school only….. 97 Still at school…………………… 98

E2. In all, how many years of tertiary study have you completed since you left secondary school? If your tertiary study was part-time, give the number of years of equivalent full-time study . Years of full-time tertiary study ___

E3. Have you obtained a trade qualification, a degree or a diploma, or any other qualification since leaving school? What is your highest qualification? No qualification since leaving school...... 1 Qualified––circle one code for highest qualification only Postgraduate Degree or Postgraduate Diploma...... 2 Bachelor Degree (including Honours)...... 3 Undergraduate Diploma ...... 4 Associate Diploma...... 5 Trade qualification ...... 6 Non-trade qualification...... 7

E4. Now some questions about the work you are doing now. Last week, what were you doing? Working full-time for pay...... 1 [246] Working part-time for pay ...... 2 Unemployed––looking for full-time work ...... 3 Unemployed––looking for part-time work ...... 4 Retired from paid work...... 5 A full-time school or university student ...... 6 Keeping house...... 7 Other (please specify) ______8

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E5. What kind of work do you do? Please give your full job title, and as much detail as you can. For public servants, state official designation and occupation. For armed services personnel, state rank and occupation. >> If you are unemployed or retired, please describe your last regular paid job.

>> If you have never worked for pay, please skip this section and go to Section F. a. Job title ______

b. What are (or were) the main tasks that you usually perform? Please give full details. Main tasks______

______[247-50]

c. What kind of business or industry is (or was) that in? What do they do or make at the place where you work (or used to work)? Kind of industry ______

d. Which of the following best describes the position that you hold (or held)? Upper managerial...... 1 Middle managerial...... 2 Lower managerial...... 3 Supervisory ...... 4 Non-supervisory ...... 5

e. Whom do (or did) you work for? Self-employed ...... 1 Employee in private company or business...... 2 Employee of Federal/State/Local Government...... 3 Employee in family business or farm...... 4

f. As an official part of your job, do (or did) you directly supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do? Yes...... 1 No...... 2

E6. Do you belong to a trade union? Yes...... 1 [254] No...... 2

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Section F: Personal Background

This final section includes questions about yourself and your family background. These characteristics are very important to our research on how people in different circumstances feel about the issues covered earlier. The information you provide is totally confidential and will be used only for this research. F1. Firstly, what is your sex? Male...... 1 [255] Female...... 2

F2. When were you born? Just the year will do. Year 19 [256-7]

F3. Where were you born? And where were your mother and father born?

Country of birth Yourself Mother Father Australia...... 1 1 1 New 2 2 2 Zealand...... United Kingdom...... 3 3 3 Republic of Ireland...... 4 4 4 Italy...... 5 5 5 Germany...... 6 6 6 Greece...... 7 7 7 Malta...... 8 8 8 Netherlands...... 9 9 9 . Poland...... 10 10 10 . Yugoslavia 11 11 11 (former)...... Vietnam...... 12 12 12 . Other (please specify below)...... 13 13 13

Yourself______[258-9]

Mother ______[260-1]

Father ______[262-3]

F4. Did your father have any particular preference for one of the political parties when you were young, say about 14 years old? And how about your mother? Father Mother Liberal (includes UAP)...... 1 1 [264-5] Labor...... 2 2 National/Country (includes Progressive Party) .....3 3 Democratic Labor (DLP)...... 4 4 Australian Democrats...... 5 5 Other parties ...... 6 6 Don't know ...... 7 7

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F5. What is your religion or faith? [266] Roman Catholic...... 1 Anglican/Church of England...... 2 Uniting Church/Methodist...... 3 Orthodox Church...... 4 Presbyterian...... 5 Other (please specify) ______6 No religion...... 9

F6. Apart from weddings, funerals and baptisms, about how often do you attend religious services? At least once a week ...... 1 At least once a month ...... 2 Several times a year...... 3 At least once a year ...... 4 Less than once a year...... 5 Never...... 6

F7. What is your current marital status? Never married ...... 1 Now married (including de facto relationships)...... 2 Widowed ...... 3 Divorced or separated...... 4

F8. Do you own outright, are you buying or renting the dwelling in which you now live? Own outright...... 1 Own, paying off mortgage ...... 2 Rent from private landlord...... 3 Rent from public housing authority...... 4 Other (boarding, living at home, etc) ...... 5

F9. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a personal computer? Yes...... 1 No...... 2

F10. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a firearm? Yes...... 1 [271] No...... 2

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F11. Do you, or anyone in your household, own a motor cycle? Yes ...... 1 [272] No...... 2

F12. Which social class would you say you belong to? Upper class...... 1 Middle class...... 2 Working class ...... 3 None...... 4

F13. Would you say you now live in … A rural area or village...... 1 A small country town (under 10,000 people) ...... 2 A larger country town (over 10,000 people)...... 3 A large town (over 25,000 people)...... 4 A major city (over 100,000 people)...... 5

F14. What is the gross annual income, before tax or other deductions, for you and your family living with you from all sources? Please include any pensions and allowances, and income from interest or dividends.

Less than $5000 per year...... 1 $40001 to $45000 per year...... 9 $5001 to $10000 per year...... 2 $45001 to $50000 per year...... 10 $10001 to $15000 per year.... 3 $50001 to $60000 per year...... 11 $15001 to $20000 per year.... 4 $60001 to $70000 per year...... 12 $20001 to $25000 per year.... 5 $70001 to $80000 per year...... 13 $25001 to $30000 per year.... 6 $80001 to $90000 per year...... 14 $30001 to $35000 per year.... 7 $90001 to $100000 per year..... 15 $35001 to $40000 per year.... 8 More than $100000 per year..... 16 [275-6]

For those who are NOT now married or living in a de facto relationship, that is the end of the questionnaire. Please put the questionnaire in the pre-paid reply envelope and post it back to us. Thank you again for your cooperation.

112 Questionnaire: Australian Constitutional Referendum Study, 1999

YOUR HUSBAND, WIFE OR DE FACTO F15. Is your husband or wife working now? Working full-time for pay...... 1 [277] Working part-time for pay...... 2 Unemployed––looking for full-time work...... 3 Unemployed––looking for part-time work ...... 4 Retired from paid work ...... 5 A full-time school or university student...... 6 Keeping house ...... 7 Other (please specify) ______8

F16. What kind of work does (or did) your husband or wife do? Please give their full job title, and as much detail as you can. For public servants, state official designation and occupation. For armed services personnel, state rank and occupation. >> If not working for pay now, please describe his or her last regular paid job.

a. Job title ______b. What are (or were) the main tasks that he or she usually performs? Please give full details. Main tasks______

______[278-81]

F17. Whom does (or did) your partner work for? Self-employed ...... 1 Employee in private company or business...... 2 Employee of Federal/State/Local Government...... 3 Employee in family business or farm...... 4

F18. As an official part of their job, does (or did) your partner directly supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do? Yes...... 1 No...... 2

F19. Does your partner belong to a trade union? Yes...... 1 [284] No...... 2

That is the end of the questionnaire. Please put the questionnaire in the pre-paid reply envelope and post it back to us. Thank you again for your co-operation.

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114