Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

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25 July 2016 Geneva, Switzerland Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report Report Content

1. Situation Overview ...... 1 1.1. Figure 1: Satellite detected water extent by landcover type as of 14 July 2016 ...... 2 2. Flood Water Extent ...... 3 2.1. Figure 2: Satellite detected flood water extent intensity by township as of 14 July 2016 ...... 4 3. Population Exposure ...... 5 3.1. Figure 3: Total flood affected population aggregated to townships as of 14 July 2016 ...... 6 4. Affected Transport Network ...... 7 4.1. Figure 4: Potentially affected roads as of 14 July 2016 ...... 8 1. Situation Overview

The Monsoon rains since 01 July 2016 triggered flooding and landslides in several areas of Myanmar (including Rakhine, Kachin, Chin, Sagaing, Magway and Bago). The Rakhine State Government reported that 24,306 people were displaced across the four most affected townships: Minbya (13,123), Ann (4,659), Mrauk-U (3,696) and Kyauktaw (2,828 people). As of 15 July, flood waters had begun receding in most areas allowing people to return to their villages. In Rakhine State, the meteorological stations of Kyaukpyu, Sittwe and Kyauktaw recorded heavy rains from 4 to 6 July 2016 as illustrated below:

These levels of rains are quite identical to the precipitation recorded in the same period of the previous year, characterised by the occurrence of a similar event.

The following report explores the water extent situation of Rakhine State, Myanmar as of 14th of July 2016.

1 Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

The map below illustrates satellite detected water extent by landcover type derived from the landcover map data and analysis of Rakhine State, Myanmar produced by UNITAR–UNOSAT in 2015 (http://www.unitar.org/unosat/node/44/2226). The potential flood water extent was achieved by subtracting the mangrove and paddy areas from the satellite detected water extent.

1.1. Figure 1: Satellite detected water extent by landcover type as of 14 July 2016

Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report 2. Flood Water Extent

The analysis carried out by UNITAR-UNOSAT, using Sentinel-1 SAR image of 14 July 2016, shows a total satellite detected water extent of ~2,549 Km² corresponding to ~8% of the total area of Rakhine State :

 ~80 Km² of flood water extent corresponded to ~0.25% of the total area of the State.

 ~2,469 Km² of mangrove and paddy areas corresponded to ~7.70% of the total area of the State. The areas covered by water at all times are subject to the rising water level during floods events.

The table below illustrates the recorded statistics of the township level:

Admin boundaries Satellite Detected Water Extent (State/District/ Area of the Area of % Area of Area of % Area Township) Units (km²) mangrove mangrove flooded flooded and paddy and paddy units (km²) (km²) Rakhine Kyaukpyu Ann 6,258 85 1.37 6 0.10 Kyaukpyu 1,167 101 8.65 2 0.19 Ramree 1,169 32 2.77 0 0.04 Maungdaw Buthidaung 2,223 136 6.13 11 0.49 Maungdaw 1,466 205 13.98 4 0.26 Mrauk-U Kyauktaw 1,702 250 14.68 7 0.39 Minbya 3,418 173 5.06 6 0.19 Mrauk-U 1,234 250 20.22 13 1.03 Myebon 1,967 270 13.70 10 0.48 Sittwe Pauktaw 927 351 37.83 8 0.82 Ponnagyun 1,126 191 16.98 7 0.66 Rathedaung 832 239 28.70 4 0.51 Sittwe 219 92 42.00 0 0.04 Thandwe Toungup 4,792 94 1.97 2 0.03 Total 31,994 2,469 7.71 80 0.25

Satellite Detected Water Extent

400 300 200 100 0

Area of mangrove and paddy (km²) Area of flooded units (km²)

Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

2.1. Figure 2: Satellite detected flood water extent intensity by township as of 14 July 2016

Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report 3. Population Exposure

The analysis of population exposure, using WorldPop 2015 data, shows that more than 6,500 people were living within the flood areas, and were directly exposed to the flood event in Rakhine State. By including the mangrove and paddy areas, the total potentially exposed population reached ~500,000 people representing ~20% of Rakhine State population.

504,216 Total potentially exposed 6,609 Total population population (including population living within the flood areas. living in areas close to Mangrove and Paddy zones)

Admin Boundaries Total Pop Population living within Population living Potentially Affected (State/District/ (WorldPop) Mangrove and Paddy within the flood Population Township) areas (WorldPop) areas (WorldPop) (WorldPop) Rakhine 2,320,275 497,607 6,609 504,216 Kyaukpyu 459,960 25,156 613 25,769 Ann 143,817 6,010 394 6,404 Kyaukpyu 198,351 15,490 188 15,678 Ramree 117,792 3,656 32 3,687 Maungdaw 112,453 23,512 522 24,034 Buthidaung 66,501 11,400 404 11,804 Maungdaw 45,952 12,112 118 12,230 Mrauk-U 803,614 214,648 3,644 218,292 Kyauktaw 207,933 75,814 689 76,503 Minbya 203,127 44,225 708 44,933 Mrauk-U 228,596 59,517 1,685 61,202 Myebon 163,958 35,092 562 35,654 Sittwe 646,323 227,057 1,765 228,822 Pauktaw 174,802 78,575 637 79,212 Ponnagyun 155,802 52,739 607 53,346 Rathedaung 135,039 50,849 396 51,245 Sittwe 180,680 44,894 125 45,019 Thandwe 297,925 7,234 65 7,299 Toungup 137,567 7,234 65 7,299 Total 2,320,275 497,607 6,609 504,216

Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

3.1. Figure 3: Total flood affected population aggregated to townships as of 14 July 2016

6 Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report 4. Affected Transport Network

The analysis of the affected transportation network, using the transportation network data of June 2010, shows that more than 230 Kms of Rakhine State roads were potentially affected as of 14 July 2016:

 - ~ 60 Km of major roads.  - ~172 Km of other types of roads.

Admin Boundaries Major Roads Other Roads Total roads (State/District/ Roads of the Affected Roads of the Affected Roads of the Affected Township) unit (km) Roads (km) unit (km) Roads (km) unit (km) Roads (km) Rakhine 895 61 945 172 1,841 233 Kyaukpyu 290 3 127 7 418 10 Ann 175 1 82 6 257 7 Kyaukpyu 65 1 5 0 70 1 Ramree 50 1 41 1 91 2 Maungdaw 458 103 458 103 Buthidaung 119 31 119 31 Maungdaw 339 72 339 72 Mrauk-U 259 46 62 11 322 57 Kyauktaw 64 9 19 5 83 14 Minbya 76 18 22 2 99 21 Mrauk-U 51 16 21 4 73 20 Myebon 67 2 67 2 Sittwe 74 9 163 50 238 60 Ponnagyun 50 7 21 7 72 15 Rathedaung 99 33 99 33 Sittwe 24 2 43 10 67 12 Thandwe 272 2 134 1 406 4

Toungup 183 2 39 1 222 4 Total 895 61 945 172 1,841 233

Rathedaung, Mrauk-U, Buthidaung, Maungdaw and Minbya townships contain high levels of potentially affected roads (more than 20%).

7 Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

4.1. Figure 4: Potentially affected roads as of 14 July 2016

8 Floods in Rakhine State, Myanmar: Situation Analysis Preliminary Report

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