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Rakhine State, Myanmar World Food Programme S P E C I A L R E P O R T THE 2018 FAO/WFP AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY MISSION TO RAKHINE STATE, MYANMAR 12 July 2019 Photographs: ©FAO/F. Del Re/L. Castaldi and ©WFP/K. Swe. This report has been prepared by Monika Tothova and Luigi Castaldi (FAO) and Yvonne Forsen, Marco Principi and Sasha Guyetsky (WFP) under the responsibility of the FAO and WFP secretariats with information from official and other sources. Since conditions may change rapidly, please contact the undersigned for further information if required. Mario Zappacosta Siemon Hollema Senior Economist, EST-GIEWS Senior Programme Policy Officer Trade and Markets Division, FAO Regional Bureau for Asia and the Pacific, WFP E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Please note that this Special Report is also available on the Internet as part of the FAO World Wide Web www.fao.org Please note that this Special Report is also available on the Internet as part of the FAO World Wide Web www.fao.org at the following URL address: http://www.fao.org/giews/ The Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS) has set up a mailing list to disseminate its reports. To subscribe, submit the Registration Form on the following link: http://newsletters.fao.org/k/Fao/trade_and_markets_english_giews_world S P E C I A L R E P O R T THE 2018 FAO/WFP AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY MISSION TO RAKHINE STATE, MYANMAR 12 July 2019 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME Rome, 2019 Required citation: FAO. 2019. Special Report – The 2018 FAO/WFP agriculture and food security mission to Rakhine State, Myanmar, 2018. Rome. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-131628-3 (FAO) © FAO, 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition. Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. iii Contents Page Acronyms and abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... iv Map of Rakhine State ....................................................................................................................................... v Highlights ......................................................................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 1 OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................... 1 BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................... 3 Exposure to natural disasters ............................................................................................................................. 4 Political context ................................................................................................................................................... 5 AGRICULTURE .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Land .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Crops .................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Rice ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Other crops .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Irrigation ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 Credit and other agricultural support policies .............................................................................................. 11 Fertilizers and pesticides ............................................................................................................................. 11 Seeds ........................................................................................................................................................... 12 Labour availability ........................................................................................................................................ 12 Mechanization.............................................................................................................................................. 12 Marketing of agricultural products ............................................................................................................... 13 Agricultural campaign, 2017/18 ........................................................................................................................ 13 Weather conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Pests and diseases ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Paddy production, 2017/18 .......................................................................................................................... 14 Winter crops................................................................................................................................................. 17 Upcoming monsoon paddy season, 2018/19 ................................................................................................... 18 Livestock ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 Fishery and aquaculture ................................................................................................................................... 19 FOOD SECURITY SITUATION AND TRENDS ............................................................................................... 20 Food consumption ...........................................................................................................................................
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