DOCSLIB.ORG

Myanmar's Annihilation of the Rohingya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Myanmar's Annihilation of the Rohingya GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, GENOCIDE CONTINUES: MYANMAR’S ANNIHILATION OF THE ROHINGYA ANNIHILATION MYANMAR’S GENOCIDE CONTINUES: GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, Pen ny Green / Thomas MacManus / Alicia de la Cour Venning de la Cour / Thomas MacManus Alicia Green ny Published by: International State Crime Initiative School of Law Queen Mary University of London GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, GENOCIDE CONTINUES: MYANMAR’S ANNIHILATION OF THE ROHINGYA Penny Green / Thomas MacManus / Alicia de la Cour Venning School of Law (CC) International State Crime Initiative 2018 This publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ NoDerivatives 4.0 International license: you may copy and distribute the document, only in its entirety, as long as it is attributed to the authors and used for non‐commercial, educational, or public policy purposes. ISBN: 978‐0‐9934574‐6‐3 (Paperback) and 978‐0‐9934574‐7‐0 (eBook‐PDF) Published by: International State Crime Initiative School of Law Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS United Kingdom www.statecrime.org Authors: Professor Penny Green, Queen Mary University of London Dr Thomas MacManus, Queen Mary University of London Alicia de la Cour Venning, Queen Mary University of London Recommended citation: Green, P., MacManus, T. and de la Cour Venning, A. (2018) Genocide Achieved, Genocide Continues: Myanmar’s Annihilation of the Rohingya. London: International State Crime Initiative. All photographs, unless otherwise stated, taken by ISCI researchers. Front page image: A group of Rohingya refugees, who had recently arrived in the Bangladesh camp of Kutupalong, waiting for humanitarian assistance, October 2017 Layout and design: Paul Jacobs, QMUL CopyShop Printing: QMUL CopyShop School of Law GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, GENOCIDE CONTINUES: MYANMAR’S ANNIHILATION OF THE ROHINGYA Penny Green / Thomas MacManus / Alicia de la Cour Venning CONTENTS MAPS 5 TIMELINE OF GENOCIDE 7 ABBREVIATIONS 9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 13 1. INTRODUCTION 21 METHODOLOGY 23 2. PREPARING FOR ANNIHILATION: PRE-OCTOBER 2016 25 INCREASED RESTRICTIONS 27 THE KILADUANG (DU CHEE YAR TAN) MASSACRE 28 3. FINAL PREPARATIONS: 9 OCTOBER 2016 – 25 AUGUST 2017 31 REPRESSIVE AND THREATENING MEASURES 33 MILITARISING NORTHERN RAKHINE STATE 36 NATIONAL VERIFICATION CARD (NVC): A QUIETER TOOL OF GENOCIDE 41 INTIMIDATORY VILLAGE MEETINGS 44 4. GENOCIDE’S DENOUEMENT 49 MASSACRES AND OTHER KILLINGS 51 RAPE AND GENDERED VIOLENCE 56 PILLAGING AND BURNING VILLAGES 60 3 GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, GENOCIDE CONTINUES: MYANMAR’S ANNIHILATION OF THE ROHINGYA 5. THE GENOCIDE CONTINUES 63 ‘SOCIAL DEATH’: FATE OF ROHINGYA STILL IN MYANMAR 63 TREACHEROUS FLIGHTS FROM GENOCIDAL VIOLENCE 65 DANGER AND DEATH IN THE BANGLADESH CAMPS 66 6. ERADICATION FROM HISTORY: SYMBOLIC ENACTMENT 71 DENIAL AND COVER-UP 72 ERASURE OF HISTORY AND CULTURE 76 APPROPRIATION OF PROPERTY AND REMAKING NORTHERN RAKHINE STATE 77 ROHINGYA RESILIENCE AND CAMP LIFE 79 7. CONCLUSION 83 BIBLIOGRAPHY 86 APPENDIX I: ISCI CORRESPONDENCE WITH UK GOVERNMENT 2014-2016 90 4 o!( o!( o!( !o( o!( !o( o!( o!( o!( o!( ! ! ! ! o ! !( ! o!( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o o ! !! !( !( MAPS ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Myanmar Information Management Unit ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Northern Townships! ! of Rakhine State ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! (with border area! arrivals as of 11 Sept 2017) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 92°0'E ! ! 92°30'E ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o Cox's Bazar ! ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! o ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! CHIN STATE ! ! ! ! BANGLADESH ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Naikhongchhari!# ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !Paletwa! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( o ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! PALETWA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Kutupalong ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! # ! ! ! ! Taungpyoletwea! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Balukhali ! ! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ( Mainnerghona# ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! # ! ! ! # ! Burmapara ! ! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Hakimpara ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! MAUNGDAW! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! Baharchhara ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! # ! ! # ! BUTHIDAUNG! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! Roikhong ! ! ! ! #! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 21°0'N # ! ! 21°0'N Leda ! ! RAKHINE! STATE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Legend ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Nayapara# !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ( # ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! Towns ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! KYAUKTAW! ! ! Village ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ! ! ( ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ( ! Buthidaung ! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Airports ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Kyauktaw! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Areas with new arrivals, !! ! ! ! !! ! # ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Maungdaw! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! makeshift settlements & !(! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! spontaneous sites ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! as of 11 Sept 2017 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Shore ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Township Boundary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Inter-State Boundary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! International Boundary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Transporation !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Main Road ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! RATHEDAUNG ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Others Road ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! PONNAGYUN! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Landcover ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! Crop and Vegetation Snow Ice ! ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Rathedaung! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! o 20°30'N Urban Build-up ! ! 20°30'N Forest ! ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Mixed Forest BareLand ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! Grassland Wetland ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Shrubland Water ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0 5 10 20 km ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !( ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Map ID: MIMU1523v01 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Creation Date: 11 September 2017, 36 x 60 inches ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! ( ! ! ! Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Data Source: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ISCG - http//cxbcoordination.org ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! BASE MAP - MIMU;Boundaries - WFP,modified by MIMU 2008; ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Landcover - LP DAAC - MCD12Q1 2011 V.5 IGP (Type1) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Place name - Ministry of Home Affair (GAD) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! translated by MIMU ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! SITTWE! ! ! ! ! ! ! Map produced by the MIMU - E-mail: [email protected] ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Website: www.themimu.inf ! ! ! o ! o ! ! ! ( ! ! ! ! Sittwe ! ! Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2017. May be used free of charge with attribution. ! !( ! ! ! o ! ! 92°0'E 92°30'E !( ! ! ! ! ! PAUKTAW ! ! ! Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 5 ! o!( !o( o!( o!( o!( o!( !o( !o( o!( o!( !o( o!( o!( o!( o!( o!( !o( o!( o!( o!( o!( o!( GENOCIDE ACHIEVED, GENOCIDE CONTINUES: MYANMAR’S ANNIHILATION OF THE ROHINGYA Myanmar Information Management Unit Village Tracts of northern Rakhine State (Buthidaung, Maungdaw, Rathedaung Townships) 92°30'E 93°0'E 21°30'N 21°30'N BANGLADESH Tat Chaung In Tu Lar CHIN STATE Kar Lar Day Hpet Bauk Shu Ye Aung San Hpweit Ya Bway Paletwa Kyaung (! Samee Na Hpay !( Hlaing Thi Kha Maung Seik Ba Da Kar Nan Yar Thit Tone Kaing Nar Gwa Nga Yant Son Chaung Mee Taik Ta Man Thar Taungpyoletwea Yae Nauk !( Ngar Thar Thet Kaing Kha Maung Taung Nyar Kyaung Taung Tin May Chaung Pyo Pa Da Kar Day Let Yar War Nar Li Thea Chaung Pa Da Kar Min Gyi Ywar Thit Kun Thee (Tu Lar Pin Tu Li) Wet Kyein Goke Pi Laung Yon Kyun San Kar Kyun Pauk Leik Ya Pauk Pin Yin Done Paik (Aung Sin Oe Seik Pyin) Kyauk Chaung Myo Mi Chaung Kyein Chaung Kyun Pauk Myaw Chaung Ta Ya Gu Pyu Su Laung Don Myauk Ye Ah Htet Zee Pin (a) Pan Pyu Ma Chaung Be Chaung Sa Bai Kone Yae Twin Pyin Pyu Ma Ka Yin Ma Pyu Ma Doe Tan Ngar Sar Kyu Kyaung Nyin Tan Zee Hton Taung Ka Nyin Myo Thit Aw Ra Ma (a) Kyet Yoe Pyin Tan Yee Chaung Nga Khu YaNga Kat Pa Kaung Yae Myet Taung Ngan Chaung Pyin Hla Khu Ya Nga Yant Pwint Hpyu Chaung U Shey Kya Chaung Hpar Wut Ba Da Nar 21°0'N
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rakhine State Needs Assessment September 2015
    Rakhine State Needs Assessment September 2015 This document is published by the Center for Diversity and National Harmony with the support of the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund. Publisher : Center for Diversity and National Harmony No. 11, Shweli Street, Kamayut Township, Yangon. Offset : Public ation Date : September 2015 © All rights reserved. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Rakhine State, one of the poorest regions in Myanmar, has been plagued by communal problems since the turn of the 20th century which, coupled with protracted underdevelopment, have kept residents in a state of dire need. This regrettable situation was compounded from 2012 to 2014, when violent communal riots between members of the Muslim and Rakhine communities erupted in various parts of the state. Since the middle of 2012, the Myanmar government, international organisations and non-governmen- tal organisations (NGOs) have been involved in providing humanitarian assistance to internally dis- placed and conflict-affected persons, undertaking development projects and conflict prevention activ- ities. Despite these efforts, tensions between the two communities remain a source of great concern, and many in the international community continue to view the Rakhine issue as the biggest stumbling block in Myanmar’s reform process. The persistence of communal tensions signaled a need to address one of the root causes of conflict: crushing poverty. However, even as various stakeholders have attempted to restore normalcy in the state, they have done so without a comprehensive needs assessment to guide them. In an attempt to fill this gap, the Center for Diversity and National Harmony (CDNH) undertook the task of developing a source of baseline information on Rakhine State, which all stakeholders can draw on when providing humanitarian and development assistance as well as when working on conflict prevention in the state.
    [Show full text]
  • A Matter of Comparison: the Holocaust, Genocides and Crimes Against Humanity an Analysis and Overview of Comparative Literature and Programs
    O C A U H O L S T L E A C N O N I T A A I N R L E T L N I A R E E M C E M B R A N A Matter Of Comparison: The Holocaust, Genocides and Crimes Against Humanity An Analysis And Overview Of Comparative Literature and Programs Koen Kluessien & Carse Ramos December 2018 International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance A Matter of Comparison About the IHRA The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) is an intergovernmental body whose purpose is to place political and social leaders’ support behind the need for Holocaust education, remembrance and research both nationally and internationally. The IHRA (formerly the Task Force for International Cooperation on Holocaust Education, Remembrance and Research, or ITF) was initiated in 1998 by former Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson. Persson decided to establish an international organisation that would expand Holocaust education worldwide, and asked former president Bill Clinton and former British prime minister Tony Blair to join him in this effort. Persson also developed the idea of an international forum of governments interested in discussing Holocaust education, which took place in Stockholm between 27–29 January 2000. The Forum was attended by the representatives of 46 governments including; 23 Heads of State or Prime Ministers and 14 Deputy Prime Ministers or Ministers. The Declaration of the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust was the outcome of the Forum’s deliberations and is the foundation of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance. The IHRA currently has 31 Member Countries, 10 Observer Countries and seven Permanent International Partners.
    [Show full text]
  • Remaking Rakhine State
    REMAKING RAKHINE STATE Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: Aerial photograph showing the clearance of a burnt village in northern Rakhine State (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. © Private https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: ASA 16/8018/2018 Original language: English amnesty.org INTRODUCTION Six months after the start of a brutal military campaign which forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya women, men and children from their homes and left hundreds of Rohingya villages burned the ground, Myanmar’s authorities are remaking northern Rakhine State in their absence.1 Since October 2017, but in particular since the start of 2018, Myanmar’s authorities have embarked on a major operation to clear burned villages and to build new homes, security force bases and infrastructure in the region.
    [Show full text]
  • WFP Myanmar Country Brief in Numbers
    In Numbers 3,385 mt of food assistance distributed US$585,800 cash based transfers made US$26.7 m six months (May-October 2018) net funding requirements, representing 8.6% of total needs WFP Myanmar 295,000 people Country Brief assisted 52% 48% in April 2018 April 2018 Operational Context Operational Updates Myanmar, the second largest country in Southeast Asia, is WFP successfully completed the April food amidst an important political and socio-economic distributions in Rakhine State. In Maungdaw District, transformation. Highly susceptible to natural disasters, WFP assisted 68,500 conflict-affected people, Myanmar ranks 3rd out of 187 countries in the global climate including 2,900 pregnant and lactating women and risk index. An estimated 37.5 percent of its 53 million population live near or below the poverty line. Most in the adolescent girls and 10,000 children under the age of country struggle with physical, social and economic access to five, from Muslim, Buddhist and Hindu communities sufficient, safe and nutritious food with women, girls, elderly, in 123 villages of Buthidaung and Maungdaw persons with disabilities and minorities affected most. Townships. Nearly one in three children under the age of five suffers In Sittwe District, WFP reached 109,500 internally from chronic malnutrition (stunting) while wasting prevails at displaced persons (IDPs) and other conflict affected seven percent nationally. Myanmar is one of the world's 20 populations in townships of Kyaukpyu, Kyauktaw, high tuberculosis burden countries. It is also among 35 Minbya, Mrauk-U, Myebon, Pauktaw, Rathedaung and countries accounting for 90 percent of new HIV infections Sittwe.
    [Show full text]
  • Bosnia-Herzegovina Social Briefing: Bosnian Genocide Denial Ivica Bakota
    ISSN: 2560-1601 Vol. 17, No. 3 (BH) April 2019 Bosnia-Herzegovina social briefing: Bosnian genocide denial Ivica Bakota 1052 Budapest Petőfi Sándor utca 11. +36 1 5858 690 Kiadó: Kína-KKE Intézet Nonprofit Kft. [email protected] Szerkesztésért felelős személy: Chen Xin Kiadásért felelős személy: Huang Ping china-cee.eu 2017/01 Bosnian genocide denial Bosnian Genocide denial is believed to be intentional act of Republika Srpska and (to a certain extent) Serbian authorities of denying the planned systematic genocide of 6000 to 7000 Bosniaks from Eastern Bosnia following the siege and capture of Srebrenica by the Srpska Army in July 1995. Serb politicians generally deny the genocide perpetrated against Bosniaks during the Bosnian war, refute claims that Srebrenica massacre constitutes a genocide, revise a number of soldiers and civilians killed during and in the aftermath of the 1995 Srebrenica siege (arguing that the total number of killed did not exceed a half of the number claimed by Bosniak side) and even claim that the genocide is perpetrated against the Serbs during the course of the Bosnian war. As a form of denialism, it can be compared to similar non-mainstream historical revisionisms such as Armenian Genocide denial and Holocaust denial. In generally accepted view shared among foreign experts and historians, however, the Srebrenica massacre is considered as the biggest genocide that occurred in Europe after WWII. A fact exacerbating the controversy of the Bosnian genocide is that it happened relatively soon, only 24 years ago, hence is not (yet) unanimously acknowledged as a historical fact by historians and genocide scholars alike.
    [Show full text]
  • That Is Necessary
    Belmont University Belmont Digital Repository Honors Theses Belmont Honors Program 4-20-2020 All That Is Necessary Jes Martinez Belmont University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.belmont.edu/honors_theses Part of the Screenwriting Commons Recommended Citation Martinez, Jes, "All That Is Necessary" (2020). Honors Theses. 23. https://repository.belmont.edu/honors_theses/23 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Belmont Honors Program at Belmont Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Belmont Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ALL THAT IS NECESSARY written by Jes Martinez Based on Real Events DRAFT B [email protected] (703) 340-5100 TIGHT ON: an ANIMATED MAP of the world. It ZOOMS INTO INDIA and SOUTHEAST ASIA, c. 1050 AD. Then ZOOMS INTO the PAGAN EMPIRE. A WALL OF RED, the MONGOL INVASION, washes over the empire, from the North, c. 1287 AD. The RED DISSOLVES and various CITY-STATES sprout up, rising and falling as they war with each other. EMMA (V.O.) Myanmar’s diverse demographic landscape emerged out of centuries of migration, invasion, and internal turmoil. The city-states DISSOLVE into the rise and fall of dynasties: the PEGU, BAGO, and HANTHARWADDY DYNASTIES (1287-1599), the PINYA DYNASTY (1309-60), the SAGAING DYNASTY (1315-64), the INWA DYNASTY (1365-1555), the TAUNGOO DYNASTY (1486-1752), and the KONBAUNG DYNASTY (1752-1885). EMMA (V.O.) Britain colonized the region-- then called Burma-- and deepened ethno- religious resentments by establishing a system of indirect rule in which they empowered local leaders from the minority groups while suppressing the majority Buddhist Bamar, lighting the flame for the wildfire that Burman religious nationalism was to become.
    [Show full text]
  • Download File
    UNICEF ADVOCACY ALERT | August 2019 UNICEF ADVOCACY ALERT | August 2019 BEYOND SURVIVAL SURVIVAL ROHINGYA REFUGEE ROHINGYACHILDREN REFUGEE IN BANGLADESH CHILDREN IN BANGLADESH WANT TO LEARN WANT TO LEARN UNICEF Bangladesh thanks its partners and donors without whom its work on behalf of Rohingya children would not be possible Cover photo: Children at a UNICEF-supported Learning Centre in Kutupalong refugee camp © UNICEF/Brown Published by UNICEF Bangladesh BSL Offi ce Complex, 1 Minto Road, Dhaka – 1000, Bangladesh © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) August 2019 #AChildisAChild BEYOND SURVIVAL ROHINGYA REFUGEE CHILDREN IN BANGLADESH WANT TO LEARN Refugee Population in Cox’s Bazar District April 2019 | Sources: ISCG, RRRC, UNHCR, IOM-NPM, Site Management Sector | Projection: BUTM CONTENTS 4 BEYOND SURVIVAL 6 Frustration in a fragile setting 8 DESPERATE TO LEARN 10 First steps towards quality learning 12 Big issues remain 14 Adolescents risk missing out 18 A CLARION CALL FOR EDUCATION 20 MEETING THE NEEDS OF ROHINGYA REFUGEE CHILDREN 22 Building bridges between the communities 24 Darkness exposes women and girls to danger 27 At the mercy of traffi ckers 30 Vigilance against the threat of cholera 32 Youngest children remain at risk 34 Piped networks give more families access to safe water 38 CALL TO ACTION 42 UNICEF BANGLADESH ROHINGYA RESPONSE HIGHLIGHTS 2017-19 43 UNICEF FUNDING NEEDS 2019 Monsoon rainclouds loom overhead as Mohamed Amin (facing camera centre) and other family members rebuild their shelter which was destroyed during heavy monsoon rains on the night of July 6 2019. In the space of 25 days in July, authorities in the vast Rohingya camps had to assist over 5,700 refugee households with damaged shelters.
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr.: General 5 August 2020
    United Nations A/75/288 General Assembly Distr.: General 5 August 2020 Original: English Seventy-fifth session Item 72 (c) of the provisional agenda* Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights situations and reports of special rapporteurs and representatives Report on the implementation of the recommendations of the independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar Note by the Secretary-General The Secretary-General has the honour to transmit to the General Assembly the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the implementation of the recommendations of the independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar and on progress in the situation of human rights in Myanmar, pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 42/3. * A/75/150. 20-10469 (E) 240820 *2010469* A/75/288 Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Myanmar Summary The independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar issued two reports and four thematic papers. For the present report, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights analysed 109 recommendations, grouped thematically on conflict and the protection of civilians; accountability; sexual and gender-based violence; fundamental freedoms; economic, social and cultural rights; institutional and legal reforms; and action by the United Nations system. 2/17 20-10469 A/75/288 I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 42/3, in which the Council requested the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to follow up on the implementation by the Government of Myanmar of the recommendations made by the independent international fact-finding mission on Myanmar, including those on accountability, and to continue to track progress in relation to human rights, including those of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities, in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Atrocity Crimes Risk Assessment Series
    ASIA PACIFIC CENTRE - RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT ATROCITY CRIMES RISK ASSESSMENT SERIES MYANMAR VOLUME 9 - NOVEMBER 2019 Acknowledgements This 2019 updated report was prepared by Ms Elise Park whilst undertaking a volunteer senior in- ternship at the Asia Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect based at the School of Political Science and International Studies at The University of Queensland. We acknowlege the 2017 version author, Ms Ebba Jeppsson (a volunteer senior APR2P intern )and the preliminary background research undertaken in 2016 by volunteer APR2P intern Mr Joshua Appleton-Miles. These internships were supported by the Centre’s staff: Professor Alex Bellamy, Dr Noel Morada, and Ms Arna Chancellor. The Asia Pacific Risk Assessment series is produced as part of the activities of the Asia Pacific Cen- tre for the Responsibility to Protect (AP R2P). Photo acknowledgement: Rohingya refugees make their way down a footpath during a heavy monsoon downpour in Kutupalong refugee settlement, Cox’s Bazar district, Bangladesh. © UNHCR/David Azia.Map Acknowledgement: United Nations Car-tographic Section. Asia Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect School of Political Science and International Studies The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia Email: [email protected] http://www.r2pasiapacific.org/index.html LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AA Arakan Army AHA ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance ALA Arakan Liberation Army ARSA Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations EAO Ethnic Armed
    [Show full text]
  • Village Tracts of Mrauk - U Township Rakhine State
    Myanmar Information Management Unit Village Tracts of Mrauk - U Township Rakhine State 93°0’E 93°10’E 93°20’E Kyauk Kyat Taung U Pyi Lone Gyi Ei Vi Ti Kar Kyi 20°48’N 20°48’N Yar Pyin Hteik Wa Pyin Pauk Pin Kwin Sin Ke Shar Yay Kan Sauk Pyin Oe Htein Pyaing Cha Tha Pyay Ma Kyar Se Kan Ta u n g M y in t Shwe Kyin Cheik Chaung Pyin Oke Kan Bu Ywet Gwa Son Ma Nyoe Hpa Yar Gyi Tein Nyo Byoke Chaung Maw Taung Taik Wet Hla Lay Hnyin Kone Baung Taung Tin Htein Kan 20°40’N Way Thar Li Gone Kyun 20°40’N Sin Oe Pya Hla Than Thin Pan Kaing Chaung Ywar Haung Taw MRAUK - U Kin Chaung Ah Yet Thay Ma Htan Ma Rit Na Kan Pu Zun Hpe Mrauk-U Myet Yaik Kyun Bar Nyo Kin Seik Urban Pu Rein Cha Yar Shauk Ta w Bwe i Ku Lar Ka Pon Kyun Baung Dut Paung Htoke Ka Da Wa Tan Tin Pi Pin Yin Than Ta Yar Ku Toe Nan Kya 20°32’N Naung Min 20°32’N Ma Har Kon Baung Su Yit Chaung Kyay Htee Oke Kar Kyaw Pin Lel Lay Hnyin Thar Pyar Te Yin Thei Myaung Than Shin Pyin Bway Maung Hna Ma Let Pan Taw Bu Ta Lone Zee Zar Kywe Te Koke Ka Rit Htaunt Ah Kyee Kant Tha Ri Set Thar Ta w M a Let Kyein Than Chi Nga Me Pyin Ye Hpyar Chaung Pyaung Paw Nyaung Pin Lel Nan Tet Ah Lel Chaung Kyar Kan Chin Shin Yae Zee Pin Gyi Hpa Yar Myar Tha Baw Mandalay Magway Nyaung 20°24’N Pin Lel (Ku Thar Yar Kone 20°24’N Lar Pone) K Thu Nge Taw Bay of Bengal Rakhine Bago Nat Chaung Minbya Kilometers Ayeyarwady 0482 Yangon 93°0’E 93°10’E 93°20’E Map ID: MIMU575v01 Legend Data Sources : GLIDE Number: TC-2010-000211-MMR Road Village Tract Boundaries Cyclone BASE MAP - MIMU Creation Date: 15 November 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • MYANMAR Buthidaung, Maungdaw, and Rathedaung
    I Complex MYANMAR Æ Emergency Buthidaung, Maungdaw, and Rathedaung Townships / Rakhine State Imagery analysis: Multiple Dates | Published 18 October 2018 | Version 1.0 CE20130326MMR 92°11'0"E 92°18'0"E 92°25'0"E 92°32'0"E 92°39'0"E 92°46'0"E Thimphu NUMBER OF AFFECTED SETTLEMENTS GROUPED BY LEVEL OF DESTRUCTION ¥¦¬ Level of destruction Buthidaung Maungdaw Rathedaung Total C H I N A Less than 50% destroyed 71 59 4 134 I N D I A More than 50% destroyed 18 62 80 N N Dhaka " Completely destroyed (>90%) 7 156 15 178 " 0 ' 0 ' ¥¦¬ 5 5 2 2 ° ° 1 1 2 Hano¥¦¬i In Tu Lar 2 M YA N M A R ¥¦¬Naypyidaw Vientiane Map location ¥¦¬ T H A I L A N D N N " " 0 ' 0 ' 8 Shee Dar 8 Bangkok 1 1 ° ° 1 1 ¥¦¬ 2 2 Phnom Penh ¥¦¬ Ah Shey Kha Maung Seik Nan Yar Kaing (NaTaLa) Nga/Myin Baw Ku Lar N N " " 0 ' 0 Hpon Thi Laung Boke ' 1 1 Affected settlements in 1 1 ° ° 1 1 2 Buthidaung, Maungdaw, and Mu Hti Pa Da Kar Taung 2 Rathedaung Townships of Pa Da Kar Ywar Thit Min Gyi (Ku Lar) Wet Kyein Rakhine State in Myanmar Pe Lun Kha Mway Saung Paing Nyar This map illustrates areas of satellite-detected destroyed or otherwise damaged settlements Goke Pi N N " " 0 ' 0 ' in Buthidaung, Maungdaw, and Rathedaung 4 See inset for close-up view 4 ° ° 1 1 2 Townships in Northern Rakhine State in of destroyed structures 2 Myanmar.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Rome Statute
    ICC-01/19-7 04-07-2019 1/146 RH PT Cour Penale (/\Tl\) _ni _t_e__r an _t_oi _n_a_l_e �i��------------------ ----- International �� �d? Crimi nal Court Original: English No.: ICC-01/19 Date: 4 July 2019 PRE-TRIAL CHAMBER III Before: Judge Olga Herrera Carbuccia, Presiding Judge Judge Robert Fremr Judge Geoffrey Henderson SITUATION IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH / REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR PUBLIC With Confidential EX PARTE Annexes 1, 5, 7 and 8, and Public Annexes 2, 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10 Request for authorisation of an investigation pursuant to article 15 Source: Office of the Prosecutor ICC-01/19-7 04-07-2019 2/146 RH PT Document to be notified in accordance with regulation 31 of the Regulations of the Court to: The Office of the Prosecutor Counsel for the Defence Ms Fatou Bensouda Mr James Stewart Legal Representatives of the Victims Legal Representatives of the Applicants Unrepresented Victims Unrepresented Applicants (Participation/Reparation) The Office of Public Counsel for The Office of Public Counsel for the Victims Defence States’ Representatives Amicus Curiae REGISTRY Registrar Counsel Support Section Mr Peter Lewis Victims and Witnesses Unit Detention Section Victims Participation and Reparations Other Section Mr Philipp Ambach No. ICC-01/19 2/146 4 July 2019 ICC-01/19-7 04-07-2019 3/146 RH PT CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 5 II. LEVEL OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND REQUESTED PROCEDURE .................... 8 III. PROCEDURAL
    [Show full text]