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Sonoma’S Wine History

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Sonoma’S Wine History Introduction Contents Introduction ........................................................... 1 Top-Rated Producers ............................................... 3 Highlights of Sonoma’s Wine History........................ 4 Geography, Climate and Soils ................................. 8 Vineyards, Vines and Vintages ...............................11 The AVAs of Sonoma County ................................. 15 Sonoma County is one of California’s leading wine re- Coastal Cool Climate AVAs and Their Wines .......... 16 gions. It is also a spectacular place to grow and make Coastal Warm Climate AVAs and Their Wines ........ 40 wine. It boasts a beautiful coastline, majestic mountain ranges, towering redwood trees and beautiful inland Future Challenges and Opportunities ...................... 68 valleys with rolling hills. Few places can rival it for its Annexes geographic diversity and amazing variety of high quality premium wines. 1. Wine Map of Sonoma County ........................ 69 2. The Soils of Sonoma County ........................... 70 Sonoma County’s wine industry is flourishing. In 2013 it boasted a record number of plantings (64 thousand acres, of which 60 thousand are bearing) and over 700 bonded wineries. The grapes it produces annually are valued at half a billion dollars, but the total economic impact of the wine industry is estimated at $13.4 billion, including fornia’s preeminent county for wine production. It is twice wine-related tourism and the $3 billion in wages paid to the size of Napa and a significantly more diverse wine- workers1. Wine’s impact on Sonoma’s economy has almost producing region. While Napa is best known for its highly doubled in the past eight years while vineyard acreage has polished Cabernet Sauvignon, Sonoma County stands out increased only slightly, reflecting the improvements in wine for its rich variety of Chardonnays, elegant Pinot Noirs, quality and price and, equally important, enhanced con- and complex, old vine Zinfandels. Its Cabernets and sumer perceptions of Sonoma wine. This is thanks in part Bordeaux blends grown on volcanic soils are also winning to the marketing efforts of the Sonoma County Vintners and growing acclaim. Winegrowers. The large number of AVAs in Sonoma County makes it Although Sonoma County2 lay in Napa Valley’s shadow especially challenging for the consumer and even the wine for many years, it is today increasingly recognized as Cali- professional to understand. This report attempts to: explain Sonoma wine and its diversity of terroir; identify the wine 1 Data come from a 2014 study done by the Stonebridge Group for The Sonoma pioneers in its history, its outstanding vineyards, and its County Winegrowers and Vintners. world-class winemakers; and, of course, evaluate its wines. 2 In the interest of brevity, this report uses Sonoma and Sonoma County interchange- We identify the top producers of each of the principal ably, recognizing there are also a Sonoma City and Sonoma Valley. Continued on page 2 Introduction Acknowledgements. We are indebted to many Continued from page 1 organizations and individuals for their collaboration and support. First and foremost we would like to thank the varieties based on our tastings of over 700 wines. Sonoma County Vintners [SCV] and the Sonoma County Winegrowers [SCW] without whom we could never have Sonoma County is a land of small growers and family undertaken this project. We especially wish to thank Sara wineries, many of them dating back to the 19th century. It Cummings, SCV’s former Director of Communications, has a large number of artisanal wineries producing mostly for her help in organizing and arranging every aspect vineyard designated wines that express their terroir. But of our work and travel to Sonoma in June-July 2014. We Sonoma is also changing. A few companies—Jackson also wish to thank Honore Comfort, Executive Director Family Estates, Gallo, Silverado, Sangiacomo, Ferrari of the SCV and Karissa Kruse, President, and Sean Carano, Sonoma Cutrer, etc.—account for a large share Carroll, Marketing Manager, SCW for their advice and of vineyard acreage. And medium sized, family wineries support. We are also most grateful to winemaker, David and vineyards are increasingly being bought out. At the Ramey and Joel Butler MW for commenting on early same time, premium producers are increasingly attracted drafts of this report. Their comments and suggestions to the very cool, far western edge of the county. And were invaluable. Thanks, also, to Clay and Cameron young winemakers continue to start up new wineries in Mauritson, Barry Hoffer, and Marcella Thompkins for the county’s custom crush facilities. These trends, plus the their help in obtaining wine samples from Rockpile, Pine prolonged drought and political opposition to vineyard Mountain, and Dry Creek Valley producers. Last, but by development, augur a quite different industry in ten years’ no means least, we wish to thank the many wineries and time. One response to these challenges is to improve envi- winemakers who extended hospitality to us during our ronmental sustainability, an initiative of the Sonoma County visit and, in particular: Corey Beck, Ross Cobb, Michael Winegrowers that we examine in this report. Eddy, Kenny Kahn, Ana Keller, Regina Martinelli, Clay and Cameron Mauritson, Anne Moller-Rake, John Olney, The geography, David Ramey, Justin and Karin Warnelius-Miller, Jackson climate and Family Wines, E&J Gallo Wines, and Gary Farrell soils of Sonoma Vineyards & Winery. County create many distinct Mike Potashnik and Don Winkler growing areas. Sonoma’s 60 miles of coastline and considerable fog and wind intrusion directly impact viticulture Vineyard on Pine Mountain in the western and southern part of the county, providing ideal growing conditions for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. Likewise, the rugged Mayacamas and its extinct volcanoes and other mountain ranges create multiple microclimates. Volcanic soils and warmer temperatures in the eastern and northern The i-WineReview is published by the International part of the county create the conditions for growing Caber- Wine Review, LLC. Our office is located at 6625 Old net Sauvignon and Zinfandel. Chesterbrook Road, McLean, VA 22101. Our email is: [email protected] Rates for one-year subscrip- The centerpiece of this report is the discussion of Sonoma’s AVAs where we discuss the unique features of each region, tions are $69 for the online edition and $99 for 1 year their outstanding vineyards and wineries, and the wines combined online and print subscriptions. Commercial they produce. We include our assessments of many of the subscriptions are also available for $149/year. Sub- 700 wines we tasted; ones not included here can be found scriptions include exclusive access to all online resourc- on our website. Finally, we discuss the future prospects for es of i-winereview.com. Special group rates are avail- Sonoma wine, including options for addressing some of its able to wine clubs and wine schools. Contact us about challenges. eligibility and rates. Subscriptions may be purchased Sonoma is an amazing wine region. There is simply no online at www.i-winereview.com Individual reports are place like it when it comes to sheer beauty and fine-wine also available for $20. Reproduction of the material diversity. We hope this report captures the richness of contained herein, including copying, without written Sonoma and its accomplishments and enormous potential permission is prohibited by law. Media, wine import- for producing fine wines of distinction. ers, distributors and retailers may use brief portions of this material in its original form if attributed to the Inter- national Wine Review. 2 Top Rated Producers Chardonnay Pinot Noir Cabernet Sauvignon/Blends Arrowood Anaba Alexander Valley (Cyrus) Auteur Anthill Farms Anakota Chateau St. Jean Banshee Blue Rock David Ramey Claypool Cellars Capture Dutton Goldfield Cobb Wines Chalk Hill Evening Land Dehlinger Clos du Bois (Proprietary) Failla Dutton Goldfield Ferrari-Carano Ferrari Carano Failla Francis Coppola Garden Creek Flowers Goldschmidt Gary Farrell Gary Farrell Hartford Hanzell Hartford Hawkes Hartford Hirsch Kendall-Jackson Joseph Phelps (Freestone) Joseph Phelps (Freestone) Kamen Keller Estate Keller Estate Kunde Kosta Browne Kistler Lancaster Kistler Kosta Browne Landmark La Follette La Follette Laurel Glen Littorai La Rue Louis Martini MacRostie Littorai Matanzas Creek Marcassin Lynmar Rodney Strong Pahlmeyer MacPhail Sebastiani Sojourn MacMurray Ranch Skipstone Soliste Mac Rostie Stone Edge Stonestreet Pahlmeyer Trentadue (La Storia) Peter Michael Verité Schug Zinfandel Siduri/Novy Bedrock Sojourn Bella Soliste Carlisle Williams-Selyem Dry Creek Windgap Dutcher Crossing Gary Farrell Hartford Family Sauvignon Blanc Kokomo Banshee Louis Martini Chalk Hill Mounts Kamen Novy Kunde Quivira Lancaster Estate Ravenswood Matanzas Creek Robert Biali Stonestreet Rockpile Seghesio Ulises Valdez 3 Italian immigrants who settled in the Alexander Valley and Highlights of Sonoma’s elsewhere played a major role in Sonoma’s early wine history. Edoardo Seghesio, Samuele Sebastiani, Giovanni Wine History Foppiano, and Giovanni Pedroncelli are just some of the Sonoma County’s wine industry has a rich history, begin- many immigrants who planted vineyards and built winer- ning with the planting of vines in 1812 by Russian fur ies that have endured to the present. Edoardo Seghesio traders at Fort Ross, followed in 1823 by Fr. Jose Altimira bought 36 acres
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