Nationalsozialismus
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
7-9Th Grades Waves of Resistance by Chloe A. Girls Athletic Leadership School, Denver, CO
First Place Winner Division I – 7-9th Grades Waves of Resistance by Chloe A. Girls Athletic Leadership School, Denver, CO Between the early 1930s and mid-1940s, over 10 million people were tragically killed in the Holocaust. Unfortunately, speaking against the Nazi State was rare, and took an immense amount of courage. Eyes and ears were everywhere. Many people, who weren’t targeted, refrained from speaking up because of the fatal consequences they’d face. People could be reported and jailed for one small comment. The Gestapo often went after your family as well. The Nazis used fear tactics to silence people and stop resistance. In this difficult time, Sophie Scholl, demonstrated moral courage by writing and distributing the White Rose Leaflets which brought attention to the persecution of Jews and helped inspire others to speak out against injustice. Sophie, like many teens of the 1930s, was recruited to the Hitler Youth. Initially, she supported the movement as many Germans viewed Hitler as Germany’s last chance to succeed. As time passed, her parents expressed a different belief, making it clear Hitler and the Nazis were leading Germany down an unrighteous path (Hornber 1). Sophie and her brother, Hans, discovered Hitler and the Nazis were murdering millions of innocent Jews. Soon after this discovery, Hans and Christoph Probst, began writing about the cruelty and violence many Jews experienced, hoping to help the Jewish people. After the first White Rose leaflet was published, Sophie joined in, co-writing the White Rose, and taking on the dangerous task of distributing leaflets. The purpose was clear in the first leaflet, “If everyone waits till someone else makes a start, the messengers of the avenging Nemesis will draw incessantly closer” (White Rose Leaflet 1). -
“Não Nos Calaremos, Somos a Sua Consciência Pesada; a Rosa Branca Não Os Deixará Em Paz”
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA MARIA VISCONTI SALES “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” A Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) Belo Horizonte 2017 MARIA VISCONTI SALES “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” A Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais como requisito parcial para a obtenção de título de Mestre em História. Área de concentração: História e Culturas Políticas. Orientadora: Prof.a Dr.a Heloísa Maria Murgel Starling Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Newton Bignotto de Souza (Departamento de Filosofia- UFMG) Belo Horizonte 2017 943.60522 V826n 2017 Visconti, Maria “Não nos calaremos, somos a sua consciência pesada; a Rosa Branca não os deixará em paz” [manuscrito] : a Rosa Branca e sua resistência ao nazismo (1942-1943) / Maria Visconti Sales. - 2017. 270 f. Orientadora: Heloísa Maria Murgel Starling. Coorientador: Newton Bignotto de Souza. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Inclui bibliografia 1.História – Teses. 2.Nazismo - Teses. 3.Totalitarismo – Teses. 4. Folhetos - Teses.5.Alemanha – História, 1933-1945 -Teses I. Starling, Heloísa Maria Murgel. II. Bignotto, Newton. III. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. IV .Título. AGRADECIMENTOS Onde você investe o seu amor, você investe a sua vida1 Estar plenamente em conformidade com a faculdade do juízo, de acordo com Hannah Arendt, significa ter a capacidade (e responsabilidade) de escolher, todos os dias, o outro que quero e suporto viver junto. -
Fearless Speech
University of Miami Law School University of Miami School of Law Institutional Repository Articles Faculty and Deans 2018 Fearless Speech Mary Anne Franks Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.miami.edu/fac_articles Part of the First Amendment Commons, Law and Race Commons, and the Law and Society Commons FEARLESS SPEECH Mary Anne Franks* ABSTRACT The American conception of free speech is primarily defined as the freedom to say whatever one wants, with little regard for the quality, context, or impact of the speech. Thus, American free speech doctrine is often characterized as neutral with regard to the speaker and the content of speech; in practice, however, it consistently privileges powerful over vulnerable speakers and harmful over critical speech. From Philadelphia to Skokie to Charlottesville, the First Amendment has been interpreted to protect speech by white men that silences and endangers women and minorities. As free speech doctrine and practice become increasingly concerned with private as well as state action, free speech becomes even more of a monopoly and monoculture dominated by the interests of white men. The impoverished and elitist conception of free speech that governs current American legal theory and practice undermines all three values the First Amendment is meant to protect: autonomy, truth, and democracy. This Article proposes that First Amendment theory and practice should be reoriented around ancient Greek concept of parrhesia, or fearless speech. As the philosopher Michel Foucault describes it, the speaker of parrhesia"chooses frankness instead of persuasion, truth instead of falsehood or silence, the risk of death instead of life and security, criticism instead of flattery, and moral duty instead of self-interest and moral apathy." Parrhesiais, in essence, the act of speaking truth to power. -
The Austrian Resistance 1938–1945 This Book Was Produced with Support from the Zukunftsfonds Der Republik Österreich / Future Fund of the Republic of Austria
Wolfgang Neugebauer The Austrian Resistance 1938–1945 This book was produced with support from the Zukunftsfonds der Republik Österreich / Future Fund of the Republic of Austria. City of Vienna - Cultural Department, Science and Research Promotion Bibliographical information of the German National Library The German National Library has registered this book in the German National Bibliography; detailed bibliographical data is accessible on the Internet under http://dnb.ddb.de. Edition Steinbauer All rights reserved © Edition Steinbauer GmbH Vienna 2014 This book is a translation by John Nicholson and Eric Canepa of Wolfgang Neugebauer’s Der österreichische Widerstand 1938–1945 (Edition Steinbauer, 2008) in a revised version including the following new sections and chapters: Introduction, section 3; XIV.1; IV and XIII. Nicholson: Introduction, Chapters III–IV, VIII–XIII, XVIII–XIX, and general editing; Canepa: Chapters I–II, V–VII, XIV–XVII. Cover design: D&K Publishing Service Typography and layout: typothese.at / Matthäus Zinner Printed in Austria by Druckerei Theiss GmbH ISBN: 978-3-902494-66-5 Wolfgang Neugebauer The Austrian Resistance 1938–1945 Translated from the German by John Nicholson and Eric Canepa The Dachau Song The Dachau Song of September 1938 was the creation of two Viennese inmates, Jura Soyfer (words) and Herbert Zipper (music). The refrain ‘Arbeit macht frei’ was an allusion to the motto affixed to the concentration camp gates. Both Soyfer and Zipper were subsequently transferred to KZ Buchenwald, where Soyfer perished in 1939, while Zipper was released and survived the war to pen the English translation quoted here. Das Dachaulied Stacheldraht, mit Tod geladen, Schlepp den Stein und zieh den Wagen, Ist um unsre Welt gespannt. -
Geschichtsästhetik Und Affektpolitik. Stauffenberg Und Der 20
Repositorium für die Medienwissenschaft Drehli Robnik Geschichtsästhetik und Affektpolitik. Stauffenberg und der 20. Juli im Film 1948 - 2008 2009 https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/3736 Veröffentlichungsversion / published version Buch / book Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Robnik, Drehli: Geschichtsästhetik und Affektpolitik. Stauffenberg und der 20. Juli im Film 1948 - 2008. Wien: Turia + Kant 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/3736. Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Creative Commons - This document is made available under a creative commons - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0/ Attribution - Share Alike 4.0/ License. For more information see: Lizenz zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu dieser Lizenz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ finden Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ GESCHICHTSÄSTHETIK UND AFFEKTPOLITIK Drehli Robnik Historiker und Filmwissenschaftler; Studium in Wien und Amsterdam; Forschungstätigkeit am Ludwig Boltzmann-Institut für Geschichte und Gesellschaft, Wien; Lehrtätigkeit an der Universität Wien, an der Masaryk University, Brno und der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/M. Gelegentlich Disk-Jockey und Edutainer. »Lebt« in Wien-Erdberg. DREHLI ROBNIK Geschichtsästhetik und Affektpolitik Stauffenberg und der 20. Juli im Film 1948 - 2008 VERLAG TURIA + KANT WIEN Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; -
The Village Unit 3 Year 8
THE WHITE ROSE INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT ‘Somebody, after all, had to make a start. What we wrote and said is also believed by many others. They just don’t dare to express themselves as we did.’ Sophie Scholl at her trial. 1943. In a Munich court, brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl, with their best friend Christoph Probst, are tried for speaking out against the Nazi regime. As German teenagers in the 1930’s the Scholl siblings had supported Hitler and his rise to power. They had even been members of German youth organisations and, like many others, believed that Hitler was leading Germany into a glorious future. However, as World War II began and the reality of Hitler’s policies became apparent, Sophie and Hans Scholl started to act. Copies of a leaflet called The White Rose appeared at the University of Munich. This anonymous essay condemned the Nazi regime and encouraged ordinary Germans to rise up and resist the authority of their own leaders. Such open rebellion was unheard of. Over the next few months, five more leaflets followed. Seeing The White Rose movement begin to attract public support, the Gestapo redoubled their efforts to hunt down the ringleaders. 18 February 1943 saw Hans and Sophie arrested after leaving leaflets in the buildings of the Munich University. Christoph Probst was linked to the movement and also arrested. After four days of interrogation by the Gestapo, they were tried for treason, found guilty and executed on 22 February 1943. Hans was 24 years old, Sophie 21 and Christoph was 22. -
Jahrbuch 2009
www.doew.at Dokumentationsarchiv des österreichischen Widerstandes (Hg.) JAHRBUCH 2009 Schwerpunkt Bewaffneter Widerstand Widerstand im Militär Redaktion: Christine Schindler Wien: LIT Verlag 2009 Inhalt – Jahrbuch 2009 www.doew.at Heinz Fischer, Festvortrag anlässlich der Jahresversammlung des Dokumentationsarchivs des österreichischen Widerstandes, Wien, 13. März 2008 7 Schwerpunkt Bewaffneter Widerstand – Widerstand im Militär Wolfgang Neugebauer Bewaffneter Widerstand – Widerstand im Militär. Ein Überblick 12 Thomas Geldmacher Täter oder Opfer, Widerstandskämpfer oder Feiglinge? Österreichs Wehrmachtsdeserteure und die Zweite Republik 37 Stephan Roth Widerstand in der Wehrmacht am Beispiel der Artillerie-Ersatz- und Ausbildungsabteilung 109 60 Barbara Stelzl-Marx Carl Szokoll und die Operation „Radetzky“. Militärischer Widerstand in Wien 1945 im Spiegel sowjetischer Dokumente 95 Peter Pirker „Whirlwind“ in Istanbul. Geheimdienste und Exil-Widerstand am Beispiel Stefan Wirlandner 114 Irene Filip Frauen bei den Internationalen Brigaden im Spanischen Bürgerkrieg 137 Inhalt Helena Verdel – Jahrbuch 2009 www.doew.at Widerstand der Kärntner Sloweninnen 145 Josef Vogl Ein Österreicher, der nur seine Pflicht getan hat. Markus Käfer und seine MitstreiterInnen im Kärntner Lavanttal 159 Brigitte Halbmayr „Das war eine Selbstverständlichkeit, dass wir da geholfen haben.“ Die Fallschirmagenten Albert Huttary und Josef Zettler und ihre UnterstützerInnen – ein Fallbeispiel 176 Heimo Halbrainer Erinnerungszeichen für PartisanInnen in der Steiermark -
The Story of the White Rose Martyrs
Taylor University Pillars at Taylor University Taylor Theatre Playbills Campus Events 2-16-2018 Why We Must Die So Young: The tS ory of the White Rose Martyrs Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/playbills Part of the Acting Commons, Dance Commons, Higher Education Commons, Playwriting Commons, and the Theatre History Commons Recommended Citation "Why We Must Die So Young: The tS ory of the White Rose Martyrs" (2018). Taylor Theatre Playbills. 38. https://pillars.taylor.edu/playbills/38 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Campus Events at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Taylor Theatre Playbills by an authorized administrator of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Taylor Theatre Presents Why We Must Die So Young The Story of the White Rose Martyrs A New Play by William Gebby ARTISTIC DIRECTOR On July 5, 2010 I received an email from Bill Gebby, after asking him to write a play for the Taylor Touring Company: I was wracking my brain for a suitable play and it hit me: the cast will be composed of college students so...a play about college students would be perfect….There have been plays and films based on the White Rose, but I want to take it in the direction of exploring the camaraderie, brotherhood and sisterhood, and vision of brave young people purposing to serve God rather than man. My response was “ I LOVE it…proceed”. What we embarked upon that summer was the beginnings of what you will experience tonight. -
The Nazi Consolidation of Power, 1933-1934
AS History Revision – Life in Nazi Germany 1933-45 Revision sheets The Nazi Consolidation of Power, 1933-1934 The coming to power of Hitler and the Nazis in January 1933 June May Dec. May Sep. July Nov. Mar. Political Parties in the Reichstag 1920 1924 1924 1928 1930 1932 1932 1933 Communist Party (KPD) 4 62 45 54 77 89 100 81 Social Democratic Party (SDP) 102 100 131 153 143 133 121 120 Catholic Centre Party (BVP) 65 81 88 78 87 97 90 93 Nationalist Party (DNVP) 71 95 103 73 41 37 52 52 Nazi Party (NSDAP) - - - 12 107 230 196 288 Other Parties 98 92 73 121 122 22 35 23 Long term Factors • Propaganda • Attacks on opponents • Hitler’s Personal Qualities • Long term Bitterness • Weimar Constitution • Money In detail; Long term Bitterness - The ‘stab in the back’ and the Treaty of Versailles; the treaty of Versailles stated Germany were to blame for WW1, they had to pay reparations (the government paid them by printing more money, causing inflation) and they lost some of their territory. Ineffective constitution, Many Germans wanted to a return to Dictatorship! - The Weimar Government had plenty of problems; -Article 48 of the constitution gave the President sole power in ‘times of emergency’ – something he took often. -The system of proportional voting led to 28 parties. This made it virtually impossible to establish a majority in the Reichstag, and led to frequent changes in the government. -The German states had too much power and often ignored the government. -The Army was not fully under the government’s control. -
Harvard Und Das Office of Strategic Services* Ein Akademischer Beitrag Zu Einem Freien Und Unabhängigen Österreich
BRGÖ 2020 Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte Österreichs Stefan RASTL, Wien Harvard und das Office of Strategic Services* Ein akademischer Beitrag zu einem freien und unabhängigen Österreich Harvard and the Office of Strategic Services An academic contribution to a free and independent Austria When the tide turned in favor of the Allies in the Second World War, preparations for the denazification and re‐ democratization of Europe began as the war progressed. These preparations posed significant challenges for the US authorities, as they had to rely on local people in the liberated areas for administrative tasks in the immediate post‐ war period. The Office of Strategic Services was commissioned to collect the relevant information to ensure the best possible selection of pro‐democratic individuals. The OSS in turn used a group of Harvard University employees who had opposed the Nazi regime before the United States entered the war and were well networked with the OSS on the one hand and possible academic informants on the other. They worked together on the Biographical Records Project and other intelligence projects that should contribute to the liberation and re‐democratization of Europe. Keywords: Harvard University – intelligence studies – Office of Strategic Services – World War II Vorwort1 und Kunz das Vertrauen der US‐Geheimdienste gewinnen konnten, um für eine Lehrtätigkeit in Während eines Seminars von Prof. Thomas Frage zu kommen. Ebenfalls war es ein Ziel die‐ Olechowski im Jahr 2016 über Hans Kelsen und ser Arbeit, einzelne Prozesse und Vorbereitun‐ seinen Kreis erwähnte Prof. Olechowski, dass gen der USA bezüglich einer Militärregierung im Hans Kelsen und Josef Laurenz Kunz in den Nachkriegsösterreich, unter Beteiligung österrei‐ 1950er Lektoren für Völkerrecht am United States chischer Exilanten, zu erforschen. -
Widerstand 1938-1945
Ausg. Nr. 30 • 7. Feber 2005 Unparteiisches, unabhängiges und – derzeit noch – kostenloses Magazin speziell für Österreicherinnen und Österreicher in aller Welt in zwei pdf- Formaten • http://www.oe-journal.at Widerstand 1938-1945 Nationalratspräsident Andreas Khol lud, gemeinsam mit dem Verteidigungs- ministerium, der Politischen Akademie der ÖVP, dem Renner-Institut, dem Dokumentationsarchiv des österreichischen Widerstands und der katholischen Kirche, zur Tagung »Widerstand in Österreich 1938 - 1945«. Foto: Parlament / Gregor Zeitler ie Tagung „Widerstand in Österreich zur Eröffnung des Symposions. Es gehe dar- Identifikation mit ihm sei lange nicht so D1938 – 1945“ fand im Rahmen der Auf- um, mit scharfem Blick auch die Schatten- stark gewesen, wie dies wünschenswert ge- taktveranstaltungen zum Jubiläumsjahr 2005 seiten unserer Vergangenheit ins Auge zu wesen wäre, klagte Khol. Viele Widerstands- statt. In einer Reihe von Vorträgen wurden fassen, meinte Khol und erinnerte daran, daß gruppen seien auch in der Bevölkerung iso- verschiedene Aspekte des Widerstands be- im Jänner 1945 die Mordmaschine des NS- liert gewesen und es habe lange gebraucht, leuchtet. Abgeschlossen wurde die Veranstal- Regimes noch voll im Gange war. Das KZ bis der Widerstand vom 20. Juli 1944 auch tung mit einer Podiumsdiskussion zum Mauthausen war noch in Betrieb, Todes- in Österreich Anerkennung gefunden und in Tagungsthema, an der auch hochrangige urteile wurden verhängt und vollstreckt, seiner Bedeutung für Österreich erkannt Wissenschafter und Zeitzeugen teilnahmen. Menschen an Laternenpfählen aufgehängt. wurde. Der Angriffskrieg der Nationalsozia- Es habe aber auch Hoffnung gegeben – den listen war kein österreichischer Krieg, man Nationalratspräsident Widerstand unter dem Titel „Walküre“ in hat sich daher nicht mit dem Aufstand dage- Dr. -
Readers Theater. the White Rose
www.wsherc.org Lesson 10: Readers Theater. The White Rose. by Josephine Cripps, Teacher, Summit K-12 School, Seattle 2008 The White Rose: A True Story of Freedom in Nazi Germany By Josephine Cripps CAST Sophie Scholl Gestapo Agent #1 Inge Scholl Gestapo Agent #2 Elisabeth Scholl Alex Schmorell Hans Scholl Christoph Probst Werner Scholl Willi Graff Robert Scholl/Father Jakob Schmid Maria Scholl/Mother Gestapo Agent Robert Mohr Narrators (13 total) Gestapo Agent Mullen Frau Kruger Gestapo Agent #3 Luise Nathan Judge Reisler 2 THE WHITE ROSE: A TRUE STORY OF FREEDOM IN NAZI GERMANY PART ONE SOPHIE SCHOLL (age 12), INGE SCHOLL (age 15), ELISABETH SCHOLL (age 9), HANS SCHOLL (age 16), WERNER SCHOLL (age 7), FATHER, MOTHER, and NARRATOR 1 enter as Curtain rises. NARRATOR 1: The year is 1934. The place, Ulm, Germany. Ulm is a bustling town on the Danube River. Sophie Scholl lives there, in a fine old house with her parents and her four brothers and sisters—Hans, Inge, Elisabeth, and Werner. They step forward as their names are called. SOPHIE My life is mostly school. But every afternoon, as soon as the bell rings, I hop on my bike and ride through the narrow streets down to the Danube. It’s beautiful in the spring. Irises line the river bank, and I cycle so fast along the mossy path, I feel absolutely free! On weekends, when I really am free, I bicycle with my brother Hans up into the mountains. HANS We pack cheese sandwiches, and for two whole days we hike through the alpine forest.