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(Mdma) in Non Conventional Matrices and Its Applications in Clinical Toxicology
Doctoral Thesis Doctorat Farmacología Departament de Farmacología, de Terapéutica i de Toxicologia DISTRIBUTION OF 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA) IN NON CONVENTIONAL MATRICES AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY SIMONA PICHINI p Doctoral Thesis Doctorat Farmacología Departament de Farmacología, de Terapéutica i de Toxicologia DISTRIBUTION OF 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA) IN NON CONVENTIONAL MATRICES AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY Doctoral thesis submitted by Simona Pichini as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor by the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. The studies included in this thesis have been realized under the direction of Dr. Rafael de la Torre Fornell and Dr. Magí Farré Albaladejo at the Pharmacology Unit of the Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; and at the Drug Research and Control Department of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy. Doctorate Program of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Signature of Thesis Director Signature of Thesis Director (Dr. Magí Farré Albaladejo) (Dr. Rafael de la Torre Fornell) Signature of Doctorand (Simona Pichini) Yo soy yo y aquéllos a quienes amo Jorge Bucay To my friends, treasure of my life Acknowledgements Acknowledgements A number of people contributed to high extent to achieve the objectives of this Doctoral Thesis prepared between the two cities of Rome and Barcelona. This means that there are many people I’d the opportunity to meet, to work with, to share wonderful and terrible moments, and that I’d like to thank in these pages. First of all, to Dr. Piergiorgio Zuccaro, my “creator”, who always believed in me, supported my job and hardly fought to give me all the possible opportunities to grow up as an investigator; To Dr. -
I. Antihistamines Seunghoon Han* Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul St
2014;22(1):13-18 TCP Translational and Clinical Pharmacology http://dx.doi.org/10.12793/tcp.2014.22.1.13 Clinical Pharmacology Review for Primary Health Care Providers: I. Antihistamines Seunghoon Han* Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea *Correspondence: S. Han; Tel: +82-2-2258-7326, Fax: +82-2-2258-7876, E-mail: [email protected] Received 31 May 2014 Primary health care providers play a critical role in maintaining public health, and the appropri- Accepted 31 May 2014 ate use of pharmaceutical products is one of the major parts of their practice. This series of articles, pISSN: 2289-0882 entitled ‘Clinical Pharmacology Review for Primary Health Care Providers,’ is intended to help pri- mary health care providers select more appropriate prescriptions for frequently used drugs based on up-to-date information. We expect that this effort will contribute to improvements in public health and diminish unnecessary drug use. Introduction tion on the H1 receptor.[8] THERAPEU Antihistamines include some of the most frequently prescribed drugs in the primary health care environment for the symp- Generations and Classes tomatic relief of allergic diseases, the common cold, urticaria, Many primary health care providers are well-informed about T and insomnia.[1-5] The importance of antihistamines has been the different ‘generations’ of antihistamines but not about the ICS TU emphasized as the prevalence of target diseases increases.[6,7] different ‘classes’ characterized according to chemical structure. However, the appropriate use, clinical effectiveness, and target [1] This discrepancy seems reasonable because ‘inter-generation’ T populations for prescription of antihistamines are still a matter differences are more prominent than ‘inter-class’ differences. -
(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
US 20130289061A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0289061 A1 Bhide et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 31, 2013 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO Publication Classi?cation PREVENT ADDICTION (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: The General Hospital Corporation, A61K 31/485 (2006-01) Boston’ MA (Us) A61K 31/4458 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Pradeep G. Bhide; Peabody, MA (US); CPC """"" " A61K31/485 (201301); ‘4161223011? Jmm‘“ Zhu’ Ansm’ MA. (Us); USPC ......... .. 514/282; 514/317; 514/654; 514/618; Thomas J. Spencer; Carhsle; MA (US); 514/279 Joseph Biederman; Brookline; MA (Us) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed herein is a method of reducing or preventing the development of aversion to a CNS stimulant in a subject (21) App1_ NO_; 13/924,815 comprising; administering a therapeutic amount of the neu rological stimulant and administering an antagonist of the kappa opioid receptor; to thereby reduce or prevent the devel - . opment of aversion to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Also (22) Flled' Jun‘ 24’ 2013 disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing the develop ment of addiction to a CNS stimulant in a subj ect; comprising; _ _ administering the CNS stimulant and administering a mu Related U‘s‘ Apphcatlon Data opioid receptor antagonist to thereby reduce or prevent the (63) Continuation of application NO 13/389,959, ?led on development of addiction to the CNS stimulant in the subject. Apt 27’ 2012’ ?led as application NO_ PCT/US2010/ Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising 045486 on Aug' 13 2010' a central nervous system stimulant and an opioid receptor ’ antagonist. -
Poisons Act.Fm
LAWS OF BRUNEI CHAPTER 114 POISONS Enactment No. 13 of 1956 Amended by S 103/1958 Enactment No. 6 of 1967 S 101/1979 1984 Edition, Chapter 114 Amended by S 16/1996 S 28/2001 GN 273/2002 REVISED EDITION 2015 B.L.R.O. 1/2015 LAWS OF BRUNEI Poisons CAP. 114 1 LAWS OF BRUNEI REVISED EDITION 2015 CHAPTER 114 POISONS ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS Section 1. Citation. 2. Interpretation. 3. Description of poisons. 4. Licensing Officers. 5. General prohibition with respect to importation and sale of poisons. 6. Prohibitions and provisions relating to sale of poisons. 7. Exemptions in respect of medicines. 8. Exemptions in respect of sale. 9. Possession of poisons. 10. Issue of licences. 11. Different kinds of licence. 12. Licences to be numbered and registered. 13. Annual list to be published. 14. Forms of licence. 15. Search and search warrants. 16. Powers of exemption. 17. Penalties. B.L.R.O. 1/2015 LAWS OF BRUNEI 2 CAP. 114 Poisons 18. Jurisdiction. 19. Prosecutions. 20. Prohibition of sale to persons under 18. 21. Rules. SCHEDULE — POISONS LIST ____________________________ LAWS OF BRUNEI Poisons CAP. 114 3 POISONS ACT An Act to regulate the importation, possession, manufacture, compounding, storage, transport and sale of poisons Commencement: 1st January 1983 [S 61/1957] Citation. 1. This Act may be cited as the Poisons Act. Interpretation. 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires — “dentist” means a dentist licensed under the Medical Practitioners and Dentists Act (Chapter 112) and includes a Government dentist; “export”, in relation -
FDA Warns That Abuse and Misuse of the Nasal Decongestant Propylhexedrine Causes Serious Harm This Includes Heart and Mental Health Problems Or Death
FDA warns that abuse and misuse of the nasal decongestant propylhexedrine causes serious harm This includes heart and mental health problems or death 3-25-2021 FDA Drug Safety Communication What safety concern is FDA announcing? The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning that the abuse and misuse of the over- the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant propylhexedrine can lead to serious harm such as heart and mental health problems. Some of these complications, which include fast or abnormal heart rhythm, high blood pressure, and paranoia, can lead to hospitalization, disability, or death. Reports of individuals abusing and misusing propylhexedrine have increased in recent years. Propylhexedrine is safe and effective when used as directed. What is FDA doing? We are requesting that all manufacturers of OTC propylhexedrine nasal decongestant inhalers consider product design changes that support its safe use. For example, modifying the product to create a physical barrier that would make tampering with the device and abusing the propylhexedrine inside more difficult. In addition, decreasing the amount of medicine the device contains could also reduce the risk of serious side effects if abused or misused. We continue to evaluate this safety issue and will determine if additional FDA actions are needed. What is propylhexedrine and how can it help me? Propylhexedrine is a nasal decongestant that is available OTC in an inhaler. It is used short term to temporarily relieve nasal congestion due to colds, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies. It works by reducing swelling and inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the nose. -
Pdf 36.06 Kb
PROJECT REVIEW “Synthesis and Characterisation of Metabolites for the Integration in a Comprehensive Screening Procedure utilizing LC-MS/MS” W. Schänzer, M. Parr (German Sport University, Cologne, Germany) In the fight against doping the laboratories are confronted with an increasing number of substances to screen on. Therefore new methods have to be implemented by the laboratories. To keep the costs for doping control analysis acceptable, to ensure rapid reporting times and to lower the amount of urine needed to screen for all substances, a comprehensive screening for different classes of substances is desirable. Following the 2005 application WADA has granted a pilot project to check for the applicability of direct LC-MS/MS measurement of sulfoconjugates of heavy volatile stimulants. As most of the beta-2 agonists and heavy volatilestimulants are conjugated to sulfuric acid in humans an extension of the method to other compounds is desirable. As reference substances of the conjugates are barely available, during the pilot project the sulfoconjugates of p-Hydroxyamphetamine, p-Hydroxymetamphetamine (Pholedrine), p- Hydroxyephedrine, p-Hydroxynorephedrine, Etilefrine and Etamivan were synthesized by coupling the aglycons to sulfuric acid by reaction with sulfur trioxide pyridine complex. The objective of the continuation is to extend the combined screening procedure for diuretics and heavy volatile stimulants developed in the pilot project to other compounds. Thus, studies on the metabolism have to be reviewed and relevant metabolites have to be synthesised. The structures of all relevant products will be confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance. For the integration in a comprehensive screening procedure the analytes will be characterised by means of LC-MS/MS. -
The Use of Stems in the Selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for Pharmaceutical Substances
WHO/PSM/QSM/2006.3 The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances 2006 Programme on International Nonproprietary Names (INN) Quality Assurance and Safety: Medicines Medicines Policy and Standards The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances FORMER DOCUMENT NUMBER: WHO/PHARM S/NOM 15 © World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. -
Sudafed Decongestant Tablets 12S PIL SNAS 3359 SNAS 3557 14 Mm 29.07.2021 English Rate and Blood Pressure)
12 mm 12 mm spot = 12 x 2 centered in Distance between cutted the margin of 14 mm line/middel of the spot = 51.6 mm UK_Sudafed Decongestant Tablets 12s_PIL_SNAS 3359_SNAS 3557 14 mm 29.07.2021 English rate and blood pressure). 402059927_r2 N/A Now read this whole leaflet carefully before you use this medicine. Keep the leaflet: you ■ If you have an overactive thyroid Brochure/Leaet/Insert 145 x 250 mm might need it again. gland. 360165B BL-Val de Reuil_France ■ If you have glaucoma (increased CHILD 360165A Multi Packaging Solutions St Pierre 1 What the medicine is for pressure in the eye). 953 Oset Printing Sudafed Decongestant Tablets is a medicine used ■ If you have severe kidney problems. 8169503 PAPER to provide relief from cold, flu and allergy ■ If you are taking beta blockers (used to EMEA_2020_00006767_001 PC-0002778 symptoms such as blocked sinuses, stuffy nose treat high blood pressure). and catarrh. ■ If you are taking, or have taken in the The tablets contain pseudoephedrine last two weeks, drugs for depression ■ This medicine is used to help clear cold, flu hydrochloride, which is a decongestant that known as Monoamine Oxidase and allergy symptoms such as blocked relieves nasal and sinus congestion. Inhibitors (MAOIs) or Reversible Black PANTONE sinuses, stuffy nose and catarrh. This medicine is for use by adults and children Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase 3005 C ■ This medicine is for use by adults and (RIMAs). LITHO OFFSET LITHO OFFSET aged 12 years and over. children aged 12 years and over. 145 mm REPRESENTATION: Colours represented with a diagonal line have been modified to aid PDF approval. -
KI-311UR-IMM Vab Methamphetamine Urine HEIA
HANDLE ALL URINE SPECIMENS AS IF THEY ARE POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS. Catalog Number: 311UR-0025 25 mL Kit Catalog Number: 311UR-0100 100 mL Kit ASSAY PROCEDURE Catalog Number: 311UR-0500 500 mL Kit Analyzers capable of maintaining a constant temperature, pipetting samples and Catalog Number: 311UR-0060W 60 mL Kit reagents, mixing reagents, timing the reaction accurately and measuring enzymatic Intended Use: rates at 340 nm can be used to perform the assay. The assay has been validated for The Immunalysis Methamphetamine Urine Enzyme Immunoassay is a homogeneous use with the Olympus AU400e, the following Beckman Coulter analyzers: AU480, enzyme immunoassay with a dual cutoff of 500ng/mL and 1000ng/mL. The assay is AU680, AU2700, AU5400 and AU5800. intended for use in laboratories for the qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of Methamphetamine in human urine with automated clinical chemistry analyzers. This assay Refer to the analyzer-specific Application Sheet which contains parameters for use. is calibrated against Methamphetamine. This in-vitro diagnostic device is for prescription QUALITY CONTROL AND CALIBRATION use only. Good laboratory practice suggests the use of control specimens to ensure assay The semi-quantitative mode is for purposes of enabling laboratories to determine an performance. Control results must fall within established ranges determined by your appropriate dilution of the specimen for confirmation by a confirmatory method such as laboratory. QC materials should be used in accordance with local, state and/or federal Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) or permitting laboratories to establish regulations or accreditation requirements. quality control procedures. For a qualitative analysis use either the 500ng/mL or 1000ng/mL calibrator as a cutoff The Immunalysis Methamphetamine Urine Enzyme Immunoassay Kit provides only level to distinguish “positive” and “negative” specimens. -
NIDA Drug Supply Program Catalog, 25Th Edition
RESEARCH RESOURCES DRUG SUPPLY PROGRAM CATALOG 25TH EDITION MAY 2016 CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACEUTICS BRANCH DIVISION OF THERAPEUTICS AND MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 6001 EXECUTIVE BOULEVARD ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND 20852 160524 On the cover: CPK rendering of nalfurafine. TABLE OF CONTENTS A. Introduction ................................................................................................1 B. NIDA Drug Supply Program (DSP) Ordering Guidelines ..........................3 C. Drug Request Checklist .............................................................................8 D. Sample DEA Order Form 222 ....................................................................9 E. Supply & Analysis of Standard Solutions of Δ9-THC ..............................10 F. Alternate Sources for Peptides ...............................................................11 G. Instructions for Analytical Services .........................................................12 H. X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Compounds .............................................13 I. Nicotine Research Cigarettes Drug Supply Program .............................16 J. Ordering Guidelines for Nicotine Research Cigarettes (NRCs)..............18 K. Ordering Guidelines for Marijuana and Marijuana Cigarettes ................21 L. Important Addresses, Telephone & Fax Numbers ..................................24 M. Available Drugs, Compounds, and Dosage Forms ..............................25 -
Histamine and Antihistamines Sites of Action Conditions Which Cause Release Aron H
Learning Objectives I Histamine Pharmacological effects Histamine and Antihistamines Sites of action Conditions which cause release Aron H. Lichtman, Ph.D. Diagnostic uses Associate Professor II Antihistamines acting at the H1 and H2 receptor Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmacological effects Mechanisms of action Therapeutic uses Side effects and drug interactions Be familiar with the existence of the H3 receptor III Be able to describe the main mechanism of action of cromolyn sodium and its clinical uses Histamine Pharmacology First autacoid to be discovered. (Greek: autos=self; Histamine Formation akos=cure) Synthesized in 1907 Synthesized in mammalian tissues by Demonstrated to be a natural constituent of decarboxylation of the amino acid l-histidine mammalian tissues (1927) Involved in inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions. Local application causes swelling redness, and edema, mimicking a mild inflammatory reaction. Large systemic doses leads to profound vascular changes similar to those seen after shock or anaphylactic origin Histamine Stored in complex with: Heparin Chondroitin Sulfate Eosinophilic Chemotactic Factor Neutrophilic Chemotactic Factor Proteases 1 Conditions That Release Histamine 1. Tissue injury: Any physical or chemical agent that injures tissue, skin or mucosa are particularly sensitive to injury and will cause the immediate release of histamine from mast cells. 2. Allergic reactions: exposure of an antigen to a previously sensitized (exposed) subject can immediately trigger allergic reactions. If sensitized by IgE antibodies attached to their surface membranes will degranulate when exposed to the appropriate antigen and release histamine, ATP and other mediators. 3. Drugs and other foreign compounds: morphine, dextran, antimalarial drugs, dyes, antibiotic bases, alkaloids, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds, enzymes (phospholipase C). -
Mucolytic Agents & Decongestants
Mucolytic Agents & Decongestants Mucolytic agents (Guaifenesin Mucinex® Humibid LA®) are drugs that thin mucus and secretions, so they can drain out of the sinuses more easily. They may be helpful for people suffering from a thick post-nasal drip. Often, they are found in combination preparations with decongestants and/or antihistamines. Most are well tolerated and have few side effects such as headache, rash, or nausea. Topical Nasal Decongestants Topical nasal decongestants (Afrin® or Neosynephrine®) in the form of drops or sprays that are placed in the nose can be very effective in shrinking nasal swelling in minutes. However, these sprays should be used no longer than 2 or 3 consecutive days, for prolonged usage may result in "rebound" swelling of the nose. Rebound swelling (known as "rhinitis medicamentosa") can be extremely difficult to treat because the nose may no longer respond normally to the decongestant spray. We advise that use the brands that contain oxymetazoline in preference to those that have phenylephrine as their active ingredient. The safe use of these medications sometimes can be extended by using the medicine only at bedtime, in alternating nostrils every other night. For example, on the first night only the right nostril receives medicine and on the second night the medicine is placed in your left nostril. By doing this some patients can double the safe use of oxymetazoline. Systemic Decongestants If more prolonged decongestant therapy is required, systemic decongestants may be used. The most well know brand is Sudafed®. It comes in varying strengths and is purchased over the counter. Psuedoephedrine can befound as part of a combination medication with some antihistamines such as Allegra® or Claritin®.