DOCSLIB.ORG

Main Spoken Languages of Myanmar

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Main Spoken Languages of Myanmar Myanmar Information Management Unit Main Spoken Languages of Myanmar 92°E 96°E 100°E 104°E Pakistan This map is based on the data of self-identified language names China Rawang collected at the local level by the Ethnologue and the Language Tibetan, Nepal Drung Bhutan Khams & Social Development Organization (LSDO). There may be Bangladesh Taiwan India more difference within language groups but some speakers Myanmar Hong Kong Lao PDR Rawang identify with a larger, related language group. Thailand Cambodia Philippines Khamti Anong Comments on the language information can be referred to Vietnam Rawang Lisu [email protected] Sri Lanka Lisu Jingpho Language & Social Brunei Lisu Development Malaysia Maldives Organization Malaysia Naga, Singapore Tangshang Indonesia Indonesia Naga, Konyak Lhao Naga, Chen-Kayu Naga, Jing o Vo Naga, Tangshang Naga, Lao Leinong K a c h i n Nusu Naga, Paungnyuan Naga, LEGEND Ponyo-Gongwang Lashi 26°N Naga, Language Families & Groups 26°N Khiamniungan Jingpho Khamti Naga, Makuri Lashi SINO-TIBETAN FAMILY Naga, Long Phuri China Naga, Jejara (Para) Shan Myitkyina Central Tibeto-Burman Naga, Tangkhul Naga, Zaiwa Makuri Khamti Nungish Naga, Akyaung Ari Naga, Koki Lhao Vo Khamti Naga, Tangkhul Shan Western Tibeto-Burman, Bodish Chin, Thado Tai Central Bodish, Khams Tai Laing Shan Laing Jingpho Shan Jingpho Tibeto-Burman, Sal, Jingpho-Luish Burmese Hpon Jingpho Jingpho-Luish, Jingpho Bangladesh Shan Kadu Kadu Hpon Kanan Shan Hmong Njua Jingpho-Luish, Luish Chin, Kadu Achang Thado Tai Nüa Jingpho Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese Anal Zaiwa Hmong Njua Burmish, Northern Shan Zaiwa Burmish, Southern Palaung, Chin, Zo Rumai Chinese, Burmese Lisu Jingpho Ngwi, Southern Tedim Shan Mandarin Chin, Shan Ngwi, Central Mizo Jingpho Hmong Chin, Chin, Njua Ngwi, Southern, Bisoid Ngawn Siyin Burmese Palaung, Mru Chin, Shwe Bualkhaw Chin, Falam S a g a i n g Lisu Wa, Tibeto-Burman, Sal Shan Parauk Chin, Bodo-Garo-Northern Naga, Northern Naga Haka Hakha Chin, Chin, Tawr Riang Tibeto-Burman, Sal-Kuki-Chin ZypheC h i n Burmese Chin, Burmese Kuki-Chin, Northern Chin, Senthang Lahu Lautu Mandalay Akeu Kuki-Chin, Maraic Shi Chin, City Shan S h a n 22°N Mara Chin, Sagaing Kuki-Chin, Southern 22°N Zotung Chin, Chin, Chin, Pyen Bawm Thaiphum Rungtu Shan Wa Parauk Kuki-Chin, Central Chin, Akeu Chin, Shan Rawngtu Riang Lang Chin, Bawm Chin, Matu Blang Kuki-Chin (Yinnet) Akha Anu-Hkongso Chin, Chin, Lü Mru Chin, Khün Chin, Kaang Burmese Kuki-Chin-Naga, Tangkhul Chak Chin, Müün Rungtu Burmese Eastern Akeu Wa Parauk Khumi Burmese Wa, Tai Loi Khumi Danu Parauk Kuki-Chin-Naga, Unclassified Chin, Chin, Shan Shan Mru Mro-Khimi Daai M and a l a y Lü M and a l a y Riang Lang Shan Tibeto-Burman, Karenic Rakhine Chakma (Yinnet) Akha Lü Lahu Karenic, Central Chin, Chin, Chin, Riang Lai Mro-Khimi C h in , Taunggyi Laitu Songlai Palaung, Danau (Yinchia) Khün Karenic, Northern A s h o Ruching Akha Chin, Chin, Burmese Akha Intha Pa’o Karenic, Southern Rakhine Laitu Chinbon Khün Taungyo M a g w a y Karenic, Peripheral Chin, Chinbon Shan Laos Magway Zayein Sittwe Chin, Pa’o Yinchia Sino-Tibetan, Chinese Chin, Sumtu N a y P y i Asho Lahu Sino-Tibetan, Chinese Burmese T a w Lahta Rakhine Kayan Hmong Karen, Geko Pa’o Njua Nay Pyi Taw City Loikaw TAI-KADAI FAMILY R a k h i n e Kayah, Chin, YinbawK a y a hEastern Asho K a y a h Kam-Tai, Tai Rakhine Kayah, Western Burmese Kayaw Burmese Karen, Tai, Southwestern Geba Manumanaw Chin, Pa’o Asho Karen, Karen, Yintale Chin, Mobwa Bwe Asho AUSTRO-ASIATIC FAMILY Kayah, Western Karen, Karen, Rakhine Pwo Western Kayah, Mon-Khmer, Monic, Palaungic, Waic, Wa Chin, Paku Eastern Asho Karen, S’gaw Waic, Wa Rakhine B a g o Karen, S’gaw Eastern Palaungic, Angkuic Karen, Pwo Western Karen, Chin, S’gaw Eastern Palaungic, Waic, Bulang Asho Pa’o Karen, S’gaw Western Palaungic, Palaung 18°N Karen, Pwo Eastern Thailand Monic 18°N Karen, Pwo Western Karen, Pwo Western Chin, Western Palaungic, Riang Karen, S’gaw Asho Karen, S’gaw Western Palaungic, Danau Rakhine Bago Burmese Karen, Burmese Burmese S’gaw AUSTRONESIAN FAMILY Malayo-Polynesian Karen, Karen, Pwo S’gaw Y ango n Eastern Pathein Moklen Karen, Karen, Hpa-An Pwo Western Karen, Pwo Western Pwo Western Yangon City K a y i n Karen, S’gaw Karen, B a y o f S’gaw Mawlamyine HMONG-MIEN FAMILY B eng a l A y e y a r w a d y Karen, Hmongic, Chuanqiandian S’gaw Karen, Pwo Karen, M o n Hmongic, Chuanqiandian M o n Eastern Pwo Western G u l f o f M a r t a b a n Mon INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY Indo-Aryan, Eastern zone Bengali-Assamese Mixed language area Language boundary Tavoyan River/Lake National Boundary Cocokyun Burmese State/Region boundary Township boundary Dawei Tavoyan 14°N ^(!_ Capital 14°N .! State/Region Capital Karen, Pwo Eastern Tavoyan Cambodia Tanintharyi Andaman Island A nda m a n (India) S e a Moken Map ID: MIMU1300v03 Burmese Revision Date: 7 January 2019 Creation Date: 8 August 2015 Paper Size: A1 Karen, Pwo Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Eastern Moken Data Source: G u l f o f T h a i l a n d SIL International, LSDO, World Language Mapping System, Global Mapping International MIMU, SRTM, ETOPO, Natural Earth, ESRI The Myanmar Information Management Unit / MIMU is a service of the Office of the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator Moken to support the information management needs and decision-making of humanitarian, development and peace-focused actors across Myanmar. Email: [email protected] Website: www.themimu.info Burmese Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2019. MIMU products are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. 10°N Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Moken 10°N Note that this map may not show all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations. 92°E 96°E 100°E 104°E.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mon-Khmer Studies Volume 41
    Mon-Khmer Studies VOLUME 42 The journal of Austroasiatic languages and cultures Established 1964 Copyright for these papers vested in the authors Released under Creative Commons Attribution License Volume 42 Editors: Paul Sidwell Brian Migliazza ISSN: 0147-5207 Website: http://mksjournal.org Published in 2013 by: Mahidol University (Thailand) SIL International (USA) Contents Papers (Peer reviewed) K. S. NAGARAJA, Paul SIDWELL, Simon GREENHILL A Lexicostatistical Study of the Khasian Languages: Khasi, Pnar, Lyngngam, and War 1-11 Michelle MILLER A Description of Kmhmu’ Lao Script-Based Orthography 12-25 Elizabeth HALL A phonological description of Muak Sa-aak 26-39 YANIN Sawanakunanon Segment timing in certain Austroasiatic languages: implications for typological classification 40-53 Narinthorn Sombatnan BEHR A comparison between the vowel systems and the acoustic characteristics of vowels in Thai Mon and BurmeseMon: a tendency towards different language types 54-80 P. K. CHOUDHARY Tense, Aspect and Modals in Ho 81-88 NGUYỄN Anh-Thư T. and John C. L. INGRAM Perception of prominence patterns in Vietnamese disyllabic words 89-101 Peter NORQUEST A revised inventory of Proto Austronesian consonants: Kra-Dai and Austroasiatic Evidence 102-126 Charles Thomas TEBOW II and Sigrid LEW A phonological description of Western Bru, Sakon Nakhorn variety, Thailand 127-139 Notes, Reviews, Data-Papers Jonathan SCHMUTZ The Ta’oi Language and People i-xiii Darren C. GORDON A selective Palaungic linguistic bibliography xiv-xxxiii Nathaniel CHEESEMAN, Jennifer
    [Show full text]
  • LCSH Section K
    K., Rupert (Fictitious character) Motion of K stars in line of sight Ka-đai language USE Rupert (Fictitious character : Laporte) Radial velocity of K stars USE Kadai languages K-4 PRR 1361 (Steam locomotive) — Orbits Ka’do Herdé language USE 1361 K4 (Steam locomotive) UF Galactic orbits of K stars USE Herdé language K-9 (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) K stars—Galactic orbits Ka’do Pévé language UF K-Nine (Fictitious character) BT Orbits USE Pévé language K9 (Fictitious character) — Radial velocity Ka Dwo (Asian people) K 37 (Military aircraft) USE K stars—Motion in line of sight USE Kadu (Asian people) USE Junkers K 37 (Military aircraft) — Spectra Ka-Ga-Nga script (May Subd Geog) K 98 k (Rifle) K Street (Sacramento, Calif.) UF Script, Ka-Ga-Nga USE Mauser K98k rifle This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Inscriptions, Malayan K.A.L. Flight 007 Incident, 1983 subdivision. Ka-houk (Wash.) USE Korean Air Lines Incident, 1983 BT Streets—California USE Ozette Lake (Wash.) K.A. Lind Honorary Award K-T boundary Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary UF Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) K.A. Linds hederspris K-T Extinction Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Moderna museets vänners skulpturpris USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction BT National parks and reserves—Hawaii K-ABC (Intelligence test) K-T Mass Extinction Ka Iwi Scenic Shoreline Park (Hawaii) USE Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children USE Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-B Bridge (Palau) K-TEA (Achievement test) Ka Iwi Shoreline (Hawaii) USE Koro-Babeldaod Bridge (Palau) USE Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement USE Ka Iwi National Scenic Shoreline (Hawaii) K-BIT (Intelligence test) K-theory Ka-ju-ken-bo USE Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test [QA612.33] USE Kajukenbo K.
    [Show full text]
  • Deictic Elements in Hyow and Kuki-Chin
    Deictic Elements in Hyow and Kuki-Chin Kenneth P. Baclawski Jr Dartmouth College Program in Linguistics and Cognitive Science May 2012 1 1 Acknowledgements This thesis is indebted to the fieldwork and guidance of my advisor David A. Peterson, the dedicated work of Zakaria Rehman, and the cooperation of the Hyow people of Bangladesh. My second reader Timothy Pulju has also given invaluable feedback on earlier drafts of the manuscript. I would also like to thank Daniel Bruhn and James Matisoff at the Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus project at the University of California – Berkeley for their resources and kind support. The study is based in part on Hyow texts collected by Zakaria Rehman under NSF grant #BCS-0349021 to Dartmouth College (David A. Peterson, P.I.). My own research stems from earlier projects made possible by the James O. Freedman Presidential Scholars Program and the Leslie Embs Bradford 1977 and Charles C. Bradford Fund for Undergraduate Research. i Contents Abbreviations Used vi Introduction viii Chapter 1: Basic Phonology and Morphology of Hyow 1 1.1 Phonology 1 1.1.1 Consonant Phonemes 1 1.1.2 Vowel Phonemes 3 1.1.3 Diphthongs 4 1.2 The Hyow Syllable 5 1.2.1 The Syllable Canon 5 1.2.2 Tone 6 1.2.3 Sesquisyllabic Roots 7 1.3 The Phonological Word 8 1.4 Lexical Morphology 9 1.4.1 Noun Compounding 9 1.4.2 Verb Stem Formatives 10 1.4.3 Verb Stem Ablaut 12 1.5 Inflectional Morphology 14 1.5.1 Nominal Morphology 14 1.5.2 Verbal Morphology 15 1.6 Numerals 17 1.7 Verbal Participant Coding 18 1.7.1 Basic Paradigm
    [Show full text]
  • 7=SINO-INDIAN Phylosector
    7= SINO-INDIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 525 7=SINO-INDIAN phylosector édition princeps foundation edition DU RÉPERTOIRE DE LA LINGUASPHÈRE 1999-2000 THE LINGUASPHERE REGISTER 1999-2000 publiée en ligne et mise à jour dès novembre 2012 published online & updated from November 2012 This phylosector comprises 22 sets of languages spoken by communities in eastern Asia, from the Himalayas to Manchuria (Heilongjiang), constituting the Sino-Tibetan (or Sino-Indian) continental affinity. See note on nomenclature below. 70= TIBETIC phylozone 71= HIMALAYIC phylozone 72= GARIC phylozone 73= KUKIC phylozone 74= MIRIC phylozone 75= KACHINIC phylozone 76= RUNGIC phylozone 77= IRRAWADDIC phylozone 78= KARENIC phylozone 79= SINITIC phylozone This continental affinity is composed of two major parts: the disparate Tibeto-Burman affinity (zones 70= to 77=), spoken by relatively small communities (with the exception of 77=) in the Himalayas and adjacent regions; and the closely related Chinese languages of the Sinitic set and net (zone 79=), spoken in eastern Asia. The Karen languages of zone 78=, formerly considered part of the Tibeto-Burman grouping, are probably best regarded as a third component of Sino-Tibetan affinity. Zone 79=Sinitic includes the outer-language with the largest number of primary voices in the world, representing the most populous network of contiguous speech-communities at the end of the 20th century ("Mainstream Chinese" or so- called 'Mandarin', standardised under the name of Putonghua). This phylosector is named 7=Sino-Indian (rather than Sino-Tibetan) to maintain the broad geographic nomenclature of all ten sectors of the linguasphere, composed of the names of continental or sub-continental entities.
    [Show full text]
  • An Outline of the Structure of the Akha Language1 (Part 1)
    Tonan Ajia Kenkyu (The Southeast Asian Studies) Vol. 8, No.1 June, 1970 1 An Outline of the Structure of the Akha Language ) (Part 1) --Introduction and Phonemics-- by Makio KATSURA* Introduction: Akhas and their Language The Akhas call themselves"Akha" (/'laka/), while other ethnic groups call them by different names. Generally the Shans both in Burma and in Thailand use the name "Kaw" (/k;);)/), and the Northern Thais, "E-kaw" (/'liik;);)/). The prefix /'lii-/ in l1iik;)JI might be the same as Ilii-I, which is often prefixed to nouns and denotes "female," such as /'liinii/, /'liinan/, /'liimtew/, etc. This is perhaps because of the eye-striking appearance of the Akha women. "Kha Kaw" C/khaa kJ;)/) is mostly used by the Laotians or the inhabitants of Laos, but the /khaa-/ is very often prefixed to the names of the minority peoples regardless of their geneological relations. The Thai Lus often call the Akhas "Kaw Ho Laem" Uk;);) hoo Ih:m/), which means "Akhas with pointed head," due to the shape of the head-dress of the Akha women. The name "O-ni" or "Wo-ni" used by the Chinese includes not only the Akhas but also many peoples belonging to the Burmese-Loloish Group.2l These names used by other peoples * {i TIIiU;ffi-~~ 1) This is a part of the report of the author's field work on the Akha language conducted in Northern Thailand in 1964-1965 under the sponsorship of the National Research Council of Thai­ land and the Center for Southeast Asian Studies of Kyoto University.
    [Show full text]
  • Hill Tribes Phrasebook & Dictionary 4 Preview
    CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................................ 7 Hill Tribes of SE Asia Map .......8 Vietnam & Laos .......................10 Local Names of the Five Myanmar (Burma) ................. 10 Largest Groups ...................9 Thailand .................................... 10 China .............................................9 The Languages .......................14 LAHU ...................................................................... 17 Culture, Subgroups Sounds....................................... 21 & Locations ........................17 The Language .........................24 Lahu Language Map ............ 18 Words & Phrases .................... 26 AKHA ...................................................................... 41 Culture, Subgroups Sounds....................................... 50 & Locations ........................41 The Language .........................52 Akha Language Map ............ 42 Words & Phrases .................... 55 LISU ........................................................................ 75 Culture & Locations .............. 75 The Language .........................81 Lisu Language Map .............. 76 Words & Phrases .................... 84 Sounds....................................... 79 MONG ..................................................................... 99 Culture, Subgroups Sounds.....................................104 & Locations ........................99 The Language .......................108 Mong Language Map.........100 Words & Phrases ..................111
    [Show full text]
  • THE PHONOLOGY of PROTO-TAI a Dissertation Presented to The
    THE PHONOLOGY OF PROTO-TAI A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Pittayawat Pittayaporn August 2009 © 2009 Pittayawat Pittayaporn THE PHONOLOGY OF PROTO-TAI Pittayawat Pittayaporn, Ph. D. Cornell University 2009 Proto-Tai is the ancestor of the Tai languages of Mainland Southeast Asia. Modern Tai languages share many structural similarities and phonological innovations, but reconstructing the phonology requires a thorough understanding of the convergent trends of the Southeast Asian linguistic area, as well as a theoretical foundation in order to distinguish inherited traits from universal tendencies, chance, diffusion, or parallel development. This dissertation presents a new reconstruction of Proto-Tai phonology, based on a systematic application of the Comparative Method and an appreciation of the force of contact. It also incorporates a large amount of dialect data that have become available only recently. In contrast to the generally accepted assumption that Proto-Tai was monosyllabic, this thesis claims that Proto-Tai was a sesquisyllabic language that allowed both sesquisyllabic and monosyllabic prosodic words. In the proposed reconstruction, it is argued that Proto-Tai had three contrastive phonation types and six places of articulation. It had plain voiceless, implosive, and voiced stops, but lacked the aspirated stop series (central to previous reconstructions). As for place of articulation, Proto-Tai had a distinctive uvular series, in addition to the labial, alveolar, palatal, velar, and glottal series typically reconstructed. In the onset, these consonants can combine to form tautosyllabic clusters or sequisyllabic structures.
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Childhood Access and Participation Project: Talking with Chin Families from Burma About Early Childhood Services
    THE EARLY CHILDHOOD ACCESS AND PARTICIPATION PROJECT: TALKING WITH CHIN FAMILIES FROM BURMA ABOUT EARLY CHILDHOOD SERVICES A GUIDE TO THE MODEL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the Chin advisers involved in the The Early Childhood Access and Participation Project: Talking with Chin Families from Burma about Early Childhood Services (ECAP), who generously contributed their stories of early childhood development services before arriving in Australia and their experiences after arrival. In the company of service providers, they respectfully aired the barriers they had faced in accessing early childhood services and suggested constructive strategies to make services more accessible to other Chin families in Brimbank. We also acknowledge the staff from early childhood services that enthusiastically entered into dialogue with Chin advisers, listened to their suggestions, and not only acknowledged ways in which services could change to better accommodate Chin families but also introduced those changes. Dialogue between service providers and Chin advisers would not have been possible without the skills and good humour of the interpreters, Thomas Mung and Za Tuahngur. Thanks are also extended to Nancy Shwe Kheitu and Par Hlei Sieng, who cared so well for the young children while parents participated in network discussions. The ECAP Project was funded by the Western Metropolitan Region of the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. Regional staff who contributed were Anne Butterworth, Jackie McWilliam and Deanne Scott. The department and staff are thanked for recognising and taking action on access issues experienced by Chin families and others from refugee backgrounds. Sunshine Harvester Primary School provided a venue and staff time for the project, and our thanks go to then principal Alan Dash, assistant principal Paul Griffin, early years coordinator Cecily Fry and multicultural education aide Thi Tha Zin.
    [Show full text]
  • De Sousa Sinitic MSEA
    THE FAR SOUTHERN SINITIC LANGUAGES AS PART OF MAINLAND SOUTHEAST ASIA (DRAFT: for MPI MSEA workshop. 21st November 2012 version.) Hilário de Sousa ERC project SINOTYPE — École des hautes études en sciences sociales [email protected]; [email protected] Within the Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) linguistic area (e.g. Matisoff 2003; Bisang 2006; Enfield 2005, 2011), some languages are said to be in the core of the language area, while others are said to be periphery. In the core are Mon-Khmer languages like Vietnamese and Khmer, and Kra-Dai languages like Lao and Thai. The core languages generally have: – Lexical tonal and/or phonational contrasts (except that most Khmer dialects lost their phonational contrasts; languages which are primarily tonal often have five or more tonemes); – Analytic morphological profile with many sesquisyllabic or monosyllabic words; – Strong left-headedness, including prepositions and SVO word order. The Sino-Tibetan languages, like Burmese and Mandarin, are said to be periphery to the MSEA linguistic area. The periphery languages have fewer traits that are typical to MSEA. For instance, Burmese is SOV and right-headed in general, but it has some left-headed traits like post-nominal adjectives (‘stative verbs’) and numerals. Mandarin is SVO and has prepositions, but it is otherwise strongly right-headed. These two languages also have fewer lexical tones. This paper aims at discussing some of the phonological and word order typological traits amongst the Sinitic languages, and comparing them with the MSEA typological canon. While none of the Sinitic languages could be considered to be in the core of the MSEA language area, the Far Southern Sinitic languages, namely Yuè, Pínghuà, the Sinitic dialects of Hǎinán and Léizhōu, and perhaps also Hakka in Guǎngdōng (largely corresponding to Chappell (2012, in press)’s ‘Southern Zone’) are less ‘fringe’ than the other Sinitic languages from the point of view of the MSEA linguistic area.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Basic Literacy Learning Materials for Minority Peoples in Asia and the Pacific
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 377 740 FL 800 845 TITLE Development of basic Literacy Learning Materials for Minority Peoples in Asia and the Pacific. Final Report of the Second Sub-Regional Workshop (Chiang Rai, Thailand, February 22-March 5, 1994). INSTITUTION Asian Cultural Centre for UNESCO, Tokyo (Japan).; Ministry of Education, Bangkok (Thailand).; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. PUB DATE Mar 94 NOTE 142p.; Illustrations contain small and broken print. PUB TYPE Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PCO6 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Classroom Techniques; *Educational Needs; Foreign Countries; *Indigenous Populations; Instructional Effectiveness; *Instructional Materials; *Literacy Education; *Material Development; *Minority Groups; Teaching Methods; Uncommonly Taught Languages; Workshops IDENTIFIERS *Asia; Burma; China; Indonesia; Laos; Malaysia; Mongolia; Philippines; Thailand; Vietnam ABSTaACT A report of a regional workshop on development of instructional materials for basic literacy education of minority groups in Asia and the Pacific is presented.Countries represented include: China; Indonesia; Laos; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar (Burma); Philippines; Vietnam; and Thailand. The workshop's objectives were to discuss the need for effective literacy learning materials, develop guidelines for preparing effective basic literacy learning materials for minority language populations, and suggest methods for their use. The report begins with an overview of the proceedings and resulting recommendations. Subsequent chapters summarize: needs and problems in education of minority populations; guidelines for preparation of effective basic literacy learning materials; studies of specific language groups; resource papers on Thai hill tribes and development of basic literacy materials in minority languages; a report from UNESCO and its Asian/Pacific Cultural Center; nine country reports; and national followup plans.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus: STEDT Project Data Resources and Protocols
    The Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus: STEDT Project Data Resources and Protocols Richard S. COOK [email protected] John B. LOWE [email protected] Linguistics Department University of California Berkeley, USA Introductory Remarks The Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT, [st‰t]) Project began in August 1987 at the University of California, Berkeley, under the direction of Professor James A. Matisoff. More than thirteen years later the concrete goal of the project remains the same: the publication of an etymological dictionary of the Proto-Sino-Tibetan (PST) ancestor language. Scientific advances do not always happen over night, and so it may be no surprise that success in this colossal endeavor should require the protracted concentration of hundreds of linguists over such a long period of time. In fact, when the many sources whence STEDT derives its data are considered, the amount of time required for the reconstruction of PST far exceeds these thirteen years and the lives of STEDT's contributing researchers. The lexicographic task to which STEDT is committed is only the newest contribution in this field of linguistics which begins with the earliest inscriptions in the ST daughter languages. The earliest inscriptions in any ST daughter language are the Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBI) of Shang China, commonly dated to approximately 3500 years ago, to the middle of the second millennium BCE.1 In this very early period the peoples speaking the early ancestors of the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages were already separated from each other by perhaps 2500 years of pre-history.2 Writing would not appear in Tibet for some 2100 years, in the seventh century.3 Writing did not appear in Burma until the twelfth century, almost 900 years ago.4 A systematic writing system did not appear for the Lolo-Burmese language Black Lahu until 1988, nearly twelve years ago.5 1Keightley(1978:91).
    [Show full text]
  • A Print Version of All the Papers Of
    LANGUAGE IN INDIA Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Volume 15:2 February 2015 ISSN 1930-2940 Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D. Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D. B. A. Sharada, Ph.D. A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D. Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D. Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D. S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D. G. Baskaran, Ph.D. L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D. C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics) N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D. Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A. Materials published in Language in India www.languageinindia.com are indexed in EBSCOHost database, MLA International Bibliography and the Directory of Periodicals, ProQuest (Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts) and Gale Research. The journal is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. It is included in the Cabell’s Directory, a leading directory in the USA. Articles published in Language in India are peer-reviewed by one or more members of the Board of Editors or an outside scholar who is a specialist in the related field. Since the dissertations are already reviewed by the University-appointed examiners, dissertations accepted for publication in Language in India are not reviewed again. This is our 15th year of publication. All back issues of the journal are accessible through this link: http://languageinindia.com/backissues/2001.html Contents RIP RP: In Search of a More Pragmatic Model for Pronunciation Teaching in the Indian Context ... Anindya Syam Choudhury, Ph.D., PGCTE, PGDTE, CertTESOL (Trinity, London) 1-11 Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 15:2 February 2015 List of Contents i Enhancement of Public Speaking Skill through Practice among Teacher-Trainees in English: A Study ..
    [Show full text]