Constructing and Deconstructing the Gokstad Mound Rebecca J.S
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Saxon Newsletter-Template.Indd
Saxon Newsletter of the Sutton Hoo Society No. 50 / January 2010 (© Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery) Hoards of Gold! The recovery of hundreds of 7th–8th century objects from a field in Staffordshire filled the newspapers when it was announced by the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) at a press conference on 24 September. Uncannily, the first piece of gold was recovered seventy years to the day after the first gold artefact was uncovered at Sutton Hoo on 21 July 1939.‘The old gods are speaking again,’ said Dr Kevin Leahy. Dr Leahy, who is national finds advisor on early medieval metalwork to the PAS and who catalogued the hoard, will be speaking to the SHS on 29 May (details, back page). Current Archaeology took the hoard to mark the who hate thee be driven from thy face’. (So even launch of their ‘new look’ when they ran ten pages this had a military flavour). of pictures in their November issue [CA 236] — “The art is like Sutton Hoo — gold with clois- which, incidentally, includes a two-page interview onée garnet and fabulous ‘Style 2’ animal interlace with our research director, Professor Martin on pommels and cheek guards — but maybe a Carver. bit later in date. This and the inscription suggest Martin tells us, “The hoard consists of 1,344 an early 8th century date overall — but this will items mainly of gold and silver, although 864 of probably move about. More than six hundred pho- these weigh less than 3g. The recognisable parts of tos of the objects can be seen on the PAS’s Flickr the hoard are dominated by military equipment — website. -
University of London Deviant Burials in Viking-Age
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON DEVIANT BURIALS IN VIKING-AGE SCANDINAVIA Ruth Lydia Taylor M. Phil, Institute of Archaeology, University College London UMI Number: U602472 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U602472 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT DEVIANT BURIALS IN VIKING-AGE SCANDINAVIA The thesis brings together information yielded from archaeology and other sources to provide an overall picture of the types of burial practices encountered during the Viking-Age in Scandinavia. From this, an attempt is made to establish deviancy. Comparative evidence, such as literary, runic, legal and folkloric evidence will be used critically to shed perspective on burial practices and the artefacts found within the graves. The thesis will mostly cover burials from the Viking Age (late 8th century to the mid- 11th century), but where the comparative evidence dates from other periods, its validity is discussed accordingly. Two types of deviant burial emerged: the criminal and the victim. A third type, which shows distinctive irregularity yet lacks deviancy, is the healer/witch burial. -
12-Death-And-Changing-Rituals.Pdf
This pdf of your paper in Death and Changing Rituals belongs to the publishers Oxbow Books and it is their copyright. As author you are licenced to make up to 50 offprints from it, but beyond that you may not publish it on the World Wide Web until three years from publication (December 2017), unless the site is a limited access intranet (password protected). If you have queries about this please contact the editorial department at Oxbow Books (editorial@ oxbowbooks.com). Studies in Funerary Archaeology: Vol. 7 An offprint from DEATH AND CHANGING RITUALS Function and Meaning in Ancient Funerary Practices Edited by J. Rasmus Brandt, Marina Prusac and Håkon Roland Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78297-639-4 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78297-640-0 © Oxbow Books 2015 Oxford & Philadelphia www.oxbowbooks.com Published in the United Kingdom in 2015 by OXBOW BOOKS 10 Hythe Bridge Street, Oxford OX1 2EW and in the United States by OXBOW BOOKS 908 Darby Road, Havertown, PA 19083 © Oxbow Books and the individual contributors 2015 Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78297-639-4 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78297-640-0 A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brandt, J. Rasmus. Death and changing rituals : function and meaning in ancient funerary practices / edited by J. Rasmus Brandt, Häkon Roland and Marina Prusac. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78297-639-4 1. Funeral rites and ceremonies, Ancient. I. Roland, Häkon. II. Prusac, Marina. III. Title. GT3170.B73 2014 393’.93093--dc23 2014032027 All rights reserved. -
Runestone Images and Visual Communication
RUNESTONE IMAGES AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION IN VIKING AGE SCANDINAVIA MARJOLEIN STERN, MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JULY 2013 Abstract The aim of this thesis is the visual analysis of the corpus of Viking Age Scandinavian memorial stones that are decorated with figural images. The thesis presents an overview of the different kinds of images and their interpretations. The analysis of the visual relationships between the images, ornamentation, crosses, and runic inscriptions identifies some tendencies in the visual hierarchy between these different design elements. The contents of the inscriptions on runestones with images are also analysed in relation to the type of image and compared to runestone inscriptions in general. The main outcome of this analysis is that there is a correlation between the occurrence of optional elements in the inscription and figural images in the decoration, but that only rarely is a particular type of image connected to specific inscription elements. In this thesis the carved memorial stones are considered as multimodal media in a communicative context. As such, visual communication theories and parallels in commemoration practices (especially burial customs and commemorative praise poetry) are employed in the second part of the thesis to reconstruct the cognitive and social contexts of the images on the monuments and how they create and display identities in the Viking Age visual communication. Acknowledgements Many people have supported and inspired me throughout my PhD. I am very grateful to my supervisors Judith Jesch and Christina Lee, who have been incredibly generous with their time, advice, and bananas. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
1886] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 443 NORSK NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. By oeoroe h. boeblivier. (With five plates.) In the section of Naval Architecture in the United States National Museum at Washington there is on exhibition the model of a boat used in the fisheries at Soudmore, Norway, and with slight modifications all along the coast of Norway, from Egersund, in Lister, round the North Cape to the frontier of Russia, a distance of about twelve hundred geographical miles. They are called " Nordlaudsbaade " (Northland boats), are described as long, narrow, and low, light and elegant, and fit both for sailing and rowing,^ and are believed by the fishermen of that region, on account of their peculiar construction, to be more elastic, safer, and swifter in a sea way. THE SONDMORE BOAT. (See Plate xv.) This boat is described as being clinker-built, and having four strakes, except at the bow, where there are six strakes ; lower bow-plank put on diagonally with end chamfered to fit on other planks, to which they are nailed ; no gunwales ; strengthening pieces along the inside next to upper strake ; heavy timbers ; boat entirely open ; six thwarts ; five rowlocks ; deep keel, curving up like a sled-rumier at each end to form stem and stern posts, which are high ; bottom slightly concave, with much dead rise, being nearly straight to top of upper strake ; ends ; sharp and very flaring small rudder ; peculiar jointed tiller ; single mast, stepped amidships, with strong rake ; four shrouds aside, with toggles on lower ends that pass through beckets at the boat's side j single lugsail, with narrow head, tacks down to stem. -
Dias Nummer 1
Non-invasive dendrochronology success and limitations Aoife Daly Larvik Boats, Norway Sampling for dendrochronological analysis Stegeborg Denmark Sampling for dendrochronological analysis Rembrandt’s ‘Entombment’ (Hunterian Glasgow) Photographing the end-grain for dendrochronological analysis Oak anatomy Gokstad project Previous analysis • The building of the grave chamber in the Gokstad burial mound was estimated to be AD 900-905. • The felling date for the trees used for the Gokstad Ship was estimated to 890s. No sapwood on the analysed samples. • The wood for chamber and ship had grown in the Oslo fjord region (Bonde 1995). DendroCT – Gokstad funded by Nordic Culture Fund and Anders Jahre’s Humanitarian Foundation. • Jan Bill, Oslo University • Aoife Daly, Dendro.dk • Øistein Johnson, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute • Knut Dalen, Norwegian University of Life Sciences Oseberg samples 6 narrow ring series Oseberg sample 6, images The cut surface Medical CT Oseberg sample 6, first attempt AD653 AD807 Oseberg\Z037003A.D Oseberg\Z037003X.D Oseberg sample 6, 2nd scanning Micro CT The cut surface Oseberg, comparing tree-ring curves AD653 AD807 Oseberg sample 6 from micro-CT Z037003a Oseberg sample 6 conventional measurements Z037003d Oseberg, comparing tree-ring curves AD653 AD807 Oseberg sample 6 from micro-CT Z037003a Oseberg sample 6 conventional measurements Z037003d Direct versus scan DIRECT MEASUREMENT Gokstad z038001a.d MEASUREMENT FROM SCAN Gokstad z038001w.d Direct versus scan DIRECT MEASUREMENT Gokstad z038001a.d MEASUREMENT FROM -
The Viking Ship Museum the Viking Ship Museum Has the World’S Best‐Preserved Viking Ships
Oslo: The Viking Ship Museum The Viking Ship Museum has the world’s best‐preserved Viking ships. The museum is managed by the University of Oslo. It also includes a Museum of Cultural History, which we were unable to visit. All the ships shown were once used as ocean‐going vessels. Later, they were brought on land and used as burial ships. The statues in front of the museum are of “two Norwegian researchers, Helge Ingstad and Anne Stine Ingstad, who discovered and excavated the Viking base camp at L'Anse aux Meadows on the northern tip of Newfoundland In the 1960s —the first confirmed Viking outpost in the Americas. Dated to between 989 and 1020, the camp boasted three Viking halls, as well as an assortment of huts for weaving, ironworking, and ship repair.” (National Geographic) According to Patricia Sutherland, Canadian archeologist (National Geographic), “Viking seafarers travelled to the Canadian Arctic to search for valuable resources. In northern Europe at the time, medieval nobles prized walrus ivory, soft Arctic furs, and other northern luxuries—and Dorset hunters and trappers could readily stockpile such products. Helluland's waters teemed with walruses, and its coasts abounded in Arctic foxes and other small fur‐bearing animals. To barter for such goods, Viking traders likely offered bits of iron and pieces of wood that could be carved into figurines and other goods.” This photo program shares the sites and a video that shares the exploits of the Vikings from 750‐1060 AD. The Oseberg Ship was built around the year 820 and is richly decorated with detailed carvings. -
Budstikken Oct. 2012
Budstikken Volume 47 Issue 10 Budstikken October 2012 Wergeland Lodge #5/028 P.O. Box 3591, La Crosse, WI 54602-3591 Next Meeting - Thursday, October 4 Fra Presidenten: 7:00 pm - American Legion Hall God Dag; 711 S. 6th Street, La Crosse Dateline – September 13, 2012 Skiing Program and Youth Foundation Program for October I would like to thank Glenn Bor- We have a very exciting video done by Anna Grinde, reson for a wonderful program at Cultural Coordinator at Sons of Norway Headquarters. She our lodge meeting on September 6. received the Helen Tronvold Norwegian Folk High School Scholarship and studied there the school year of 2006-2007. If you were absent you missed You will enjoy seeing her experiences in Norway and hearing something special. The program what she has done with her life between that high school year captured growth of skiing and in in Norway and her position at Sons of Norway Headquarters particular ski jumping brought to this area by our Norwe- now. She has met our Sons of Norway Lodge President and gian ancestors. It is amazing how many ski jumps were set our Youth Director at a meeting in Eau Claire. up in the Midwest by Norwegian descendents. A Silent Auction to benefit the Wergeland Scholarship Fund will also be held. More information is provided on P-3. -Moriah Harter, our Youth Director, started a program for our youth at our meeting on September 6. I would encour- Norwegian Gardens to be Dedicated age all parents and grandparents to bring youth to partici- Gale Kriebich, president of the La Crosse Førde Friend- pate in this activity where they can learn crafts related to ship Association, announced that a delegation from Førde, Norway will visit La Crosse. -
New Viking Age Museum at Bygdøy
NEW VIKING AGE MUSEUM AT BYGDØY Audun Wold Andresen & Simon Rhode Malm ma4-ark46 - June 2015 1 2 “The taste of the apple […] lies in the contact of the fruit with the palate, not in the fruit itself; in a similar way […] poetry lies in the meeting of poem and reader, not in the lines of symbols printed on the pages of a book”. (Juhani Pallasmaa, 1998, p. 17) If the same is true for architecture, the beauty must lie in the bodily encoun- ter; in the awakening of the human senses. Necessarily, architectural expe- rience is grounded in the dialogue and interaction with the environment, to a degree in which a separation of the image of self and its spatial existence is impossible. According to Pallasmaa (2012) we measure the world through our bodily existence, consequently making our experiential world centered round the perception of the human body. This is an interest of ours; the impact of architecture on our perception, on the human experience of space. And thus, this is from where the master thesis departs. Audun Andresen & Simon Malm Stud. MS.c Eng. Arch 3 4 PREFACE THE NEW VIKING AGE MUSEUM ‘New Viking Age Museum at Bygdøy’ is developed by Audun Wold Andresen and Simon Rhode Malm on the 4th and final semester of the Architectural M.Sc. program at the Department of Architecture, Design and Media Technology at the University of Aalborg, Denmark. This Master Thesis deals with the design and organization of an extension to an existing museum, located at a small peninsula near Oslo, Norway. -
Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution
PREHISTORIC NAVAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE NORTH OF EUROPE. By CtEduge H. Bokhmek. A tale of the times of old, The deeds of the days of other years. (Ossian.) INTRODl'dTION. Ill studyiiii!: the art <»f sliipbuildiiig, a8 i»ei't'ormo(l in the North of Europe and illustrated by both Saga accounts and actual remains, our atteutiou is drawn toward numerous similarities witli the ships of ancient Greece and Eonie, which su.ngest a common origin. Althougli this is denied by many investigafors, on the supposition that the ships of long-stretched build without sail, or only using it with favor- able and constant wines, ui)on the com])aratively quiet waters of the ^Egean, Ionian and Thyrrhenian seas, could not be an examj)le to the people who navigated the northern seas, with their short, chopping waves, sudden changes of wind, tremendous storms, slioal shores, and sand bars, and that these people '' had to be their own teachers,'" yetthere lingers something in the naval structures of Scandinavia which seems to indicate that the maritime explorations of the peojile of the south, the Plupuiciaus, did have a tendency to influence the ancient inhabit- ants of the north in the construction of their vessels. It is true little is known in a direct way of the shipbuilding of the Phuiuiciaus, yet the art taught them by the Egyptians and illustrated in some of the ancient relics of the seventeenth century e. (".- may be trac(Ml to the Greeks whose naval structures, at the height of their achievements, in many points show a remarkable resemblance to those one thousand years older,^ and are reproduced in the Eoman ships. -
RELATIONS and RUNES the Baltic Islands and Their Interactions During the Late Iron Age and Early Middle Ages
RELATIONS AND RUNES The Baltic Islands and Their Interactions During the Late Iron Age and Early Middle Ages Laila Kitzler Åhfeldt, Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, Per Widerström, Ben Raffield Swedish National Heritage Board (Riksantikvarieämbetet) P.O. Box 1114 SE-621 22 Visby Tel. +46 8 5191 80 00 www.raa.se [email protected] Riksantikvarieämbetet 2020 Relations and Runes – The Baltic Islands and Their Interactions During the Late Iron Age and Early Middle Ages. Editors: Laila Kitzler Åhfeldt, Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, Per Widerström and Ben Raffield. Cover: The Pilgårds stone. Photo: Raymond Hejdström, © Gotland Museum. Text: copyright the authors Images, graphs etc: licensed by CC BY, unless otherwise stated, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN 978-91-7209-850-3 (PDF) ISBN 978-91-7209-851-0 (PoD) Innehåll 5 Introduction 11 Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson Entering the Viking Age through the Baltic 23 John Ljungkvist A maritime culture 31 Ben Raffield No one is an island: in-group identities in the Viking Age Baltic 41 Ludvig Papmehl-Dufay There’s something about islands: similarities and differences between Öland and Gotland in the Migration period 49 Christoph Kilger Long distance trade, runes and silver: a Gotlandic perspective 65 DARIUSZ ADAMCZYK Did the Viking Age begin on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea? Early Norse Trading Networks centred on Janów Pomorski/Truso 79 Ny Björn Gustafsson On the significance of coastal free zones and foreign tongues. Tracing cultural interchange in early medieval Gotland 91 -
5 the Ship Graves on Kormt – and Beyond
Jan Bill 5 The Ship Graves on Kormt – and Beyond Two of the most significant archaeological monuments on Karmøy are the burials from Storhaug and Grønhaug. Consisting of impressive mounds containing large chamber graves in ships, they belong to the most exclusive and costly group of ritual expressions known from the Viking Age. The two ship graves on Karmøy thus represent persons and politics at the very heart of what made this island an important place in early medieval Scandinavia. This chapter suggests that the majority of monumental burials using the ship allegory were manifestations of a certain ori- gin myth, of which the Danish Skjǫldungar legend is an example, erected as part of the power struggle between ascendant royal families. Archaeological material and written sources are analysed to illuminate the use of ship sym- bolism in monumental burials in and around Scandinavia: large mounds with inhumations or cremations in ships; large ship-shaped stone settings; and written sources from the 10th to the 14th century mentioning ship burials. The archaeological study shows that two different tradi- tions were in use from the late 6th to the late 10th century. One was utilising stone ship settings, at least sometimes in combination with cremations, and was used in southern and eastern Sweden as well as in Denmark. The other, employing inhumation burials in ships, derived from a Scandinavian tradition of placing the deceased in boats for the funerals, but was only developed into a monumental format in East Anglia around 600. From there, it spread to Norway and, to a lesser extent, Denmark in the late 8th–10th centuries.