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Mūzikas Akadēmijas Raksti VIII

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Mūzikas Akadēmijas Raksti VIII Mūzikas akadēmijas raksti Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija, Latvijas Komponistu savienība, 2011 VIII Mūzikas akadēmijas raksti, 8 Speciālizlaidums Mūzika un identitātes: Baltijas jūras reģions 21. gadsimtā un jaunas pieejas mūzikas analīzē (42. Starptautiskās Baltijas muzikoloģijas konferences materiāli) = Special Issue Music and Identities: Baltic Sea Region in the21st Century and New Approaches to Music Analysis (Proceedings from the 42th Baltic Musicological Conference) Rīga: Musica Baltica, 2011, 260 lpp. ISSN 2243-5719 Redakcijas kolēģija: Boriss Avramecs (Rīgas Pedagoģijas un izglītības vadības augstskola) Anda Beitāne (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Tamāra Bogdanova (Rīgas Pedagoģijas un izglītības vadības augstskola) Mārtiņš Boiko (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Joahims Brauns (Joachim Braun; Bar-Ilanas Universitāte, Ramatgana) Jons Brūveris (Jonas Bruveris; Lietuvas Mūzikas un Teātra akadēmija) Ēvalds Daugulis (Daugavpils Universitāte) Lolita Fūrmane (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Ilma Grauzdiņa (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Ingrīda Gūtberga (Bostonas Universitāte) Baiba Jaunslaviete (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Jefims Jofe (Efim Yoffe; Levinska Izglītības koledža, Telaviva) Kevins K. Kārnss (Kevin C. Karnes; Emorija Universitāte, Atlanta) Arnolds Klotiņš (Latvijas Universitātes Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts) Jānis Kudiņš (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Tatjana Kuriševa (Tatjana Kurysheva; P. Čaikovska Maskavas Valsts konservatorija) Ilze Šarkovska-Liepiņa (Latvijas Universitātes Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts) Jeļena Ļebedeva (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Georgs Pelēcis (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Jānis Torgāns (Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija) Audrone Žuraitīte (Audronė Žiūraitytė; Lietuvas Mūzikas un Teātra akadēmija) Sastādītāja Gundega Šmite Zinātniskā redaktore Baiba Jaunslaviete Angļu valodas tekstu literārais redaktors Imants Mežaraups Makets: Mētra Putāne Dizains: Dita Pence Nošu datorsalikums: rakstu autori un Līga Pētersone Krājumu atbalsta Valsts Kultūrkapitāla fonds © Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija K. Barona iela 1, Rīga LV–1050 © Latvijas Komponistu savienība Baznīcas iela 37-3 © Eva-Maria von Adam-Schmidmeier, Oana Andreica, Max Peter Baumann, Dan Bendrups, Marina Chernaya, Ieva Gintere, Mart Humal, John Kefala-Kerr, Martin Knust, Markos Lekkas, Imants Mežaraups, Ulrich Morgenstern, Jānis Petraškevičs, Guntars Prānis, Svetlana Sintsova, Kalliopi Stiga, Ilze Šarkovska-Liepiņa, Gundega Šmite, Anu Veenre, Konstantin Zenkin, Judita Žukienė © Musica Baltica, 2011 Reģ. Nr. 40103114067 K. Barona iela 39, Rīga LV–1011, Latvija Tel.: +371 7275575, fakss: +371 7272755, e-pasts: [email protected] www.musicabaltica.com CONTENTS/SATURS Preface 5 Priekšvārds 6 1st theme. Music and Identities: The Baltic Sea Region in the 21st Century 7 MAX PETER BAUMANN. Ethnicity, National Identity, and Transcultural Awareness 7 DAN BENDRUPS. Lai atskan dziesmas: Latvian Music and Cultural Identity in Twenty-First Century New Zealand 25 MARTIN KNUST. The ‘Finnish Tone’ – Phenomenon or Fact? Some Remarks about Einojuhani Rautavaara’s Music and Aesthetics 34 ULRICH MORGENSTERN. Dynamics of Identity in Russian Instrumental Folk Music Culture 42 KALLIOPI STIGA, EVA-MARIA V. ADAM-SCHMIDMEIER. The ‘National Soul’ of an ‘Ecumenical’ Music, Through the Time… 53 ANU VEENRE. Changes in Estonian Music and Composer’s Identity in the Last Decade of the Soviet Period 63 GUNTARS PRĀNIS. New Approaches in Research of Gregorian Chant: Ethnomusicological Aspect 73 SVETLANA SINTSOVA. Conceptualisation of Karelian and Finnish Runic Heritage: A Case Study (Based on Musical Material of the Cantata Kanteletar by Edward Patlayenko and the Oratorio Kalevala by Roman Zelinsky) 86 ILZE ŠARKOVSKA-LIEPIŅA. Latvian Women Composers: Gender Identity and Research Perspective 99 JUDITA ŽUKIENĖ. Signs of Identity in Lithuanian Music of the Beginning of the 21st Century 110 2nd theme. New Approaches to Music Analysis OANA ANDREICA. Psychoanalytical Inquires on Music. Gustav Mahler’s Orchestral Songs 118 JOHN KEFALA-KERR. Reading Music: Further Adventures in Creative Musicology 130 MARINA CHERNAYA. Computer Technologies on Serve to Texture Analysis for a Performer 140 MART HUMAL. Towards an Analytical Theory of Harmonic Counterpoint 150 IMANTS MEŽARAUPS. The Applicability of 20th-Century Analytical Methods for Music of Any Style, Including Jazz 168 MARKOS LEKKAS. From Mind to Ear, Music in Transit 179 JĀNIS PETRAŠKEVIČS. Aspects of Form-Building of Pierre Boulez’s Tombeau in the Context of Aural and Score Analysis 194 GUNDEGA ŠMITE. Towards the Analysis of Verbal Text Intelligibility in Contemporary Vocal Music 208 IEVA GINTERE. The Study of the Latvian Concept Music of the Early 21st Century. Terminological Issue 217 4 KONSTANTIN ZENKIN. Alexei Losev’s Approach to the Meaning and Language of Music 223 Rakstu kopsavilkumi 232 About the authors / Par autoriem 249 Preface The 42nd Baltic Musicology Conference, hosted by the Latvian Composers’ Union and the Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music, was held in Riga on October 28 and 29, 2010. The Baltic Musicology Conferences are biannual meetings of Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian musicologists. The recent times the conference gathers musicologists not only from Baltic States – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, but also from other countries. The organizers of the 42nd Conference of Baltic Musicology were proud to welcome scholars from 12 countries with a geographic diversity of many European countries, Russian Federation and New Zealand. After year and a half we are proud to present a special edition of the Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Music Academy scientific articles, devoted to the both themes of the conference – Music and Identities: The Baltic Sea Region in the 21st Century and New Approaches to Music Analysis. The first theme of the conference, related to music in its social and cultural contexts had an aim to ascertain the role of music in the construction of social and cultural identity and its development, as well as to analyse the influence of identity on the process of composition and its results. The articles devoted to this theme reveal diverse aspects of the national identity 5 and music, the local and the global in music, identities in musical genres and styles, composers’ individual style, the role of gender, etc. The whole diversity presented in the articles portrays the contemporary world where musical dimensions broaden permanently and the construction of local identities has to be observed within wider and multi-referential contexts. The second theme of the conference – New Approaches to Music Analysis – brought insights of many aspects of the topic, including aural analysis, mathematic and computer-assisted methods/tools of analysing music, interdisciplinary approaches, psychoanalytical inquires, etc. The diversity of the selected themes ascertains the importance of inquiry in new approaches – the issue that will probably never loose its importance. Gundega Šmite Chairperson of the Latvian Composers’ Union Priekšvārds 2010. gada 28. un 29. oktobrī Rīgā notika 42. Baltijas muzikoloģijas konference, kuru organizēja Latvijas Komponistu savienība un Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija. Baltijas muzikoloģijas konferences tiek rīkotas reizi divos gados, pulcējot muzikologus no Baltijas valstīm – Igaunijas, Latvijas un Lietuvas. Pēdējos gados tajās piedalījušies zinātnieki arī no daudzām citām valstīm: piemēram, 42. Baltijas muzikoloģijas konferences organizētāji jutās pagodināti par iespēju iekļaut konferences programmā 12 pasaules valstu (Eiropas zemju, Krievijas, Jaunzēlandes) mūzikas zinātnieku pieteikumus. Tagad, pēc pusotra gada, ar prieku piedāvājam Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmijas zinātnisko rakstu speciālizdevumu; tajā apkopoti raksti, kas veltīti abām konferences tēmām – Mūzika un identitātes: Baltijas jūras reģions 21. gadsimtā un Jaunas pieejas mūzikas analīzē. Pirmā konferences tēma saistīta ar mūzikas sociālo un kultūras kontekstu; tās ietvaros izvērtēta mūzikas loma sociālās un kultūras identitātes veidošanā, kā arī analizēta identitātes ietekme uz kompo­ nēšanas procesu un tā rezultātu. Raksti, kas veltīti šai tēmai, atklāj visdažādākos aspektus tādos jautājumos kā nacionālā identitāte un 6 mūzika, lokālais un globālais aspekts mūzikā, žanra un stila identitāte, komponista indi viduālais stils, dzimuma identitāte u. c. Šīs tēmas sadaļā ietvertie raksti attēlo laikmetīgu pasauli – vidi, kurā mūzikas dimensijas pastāvīgi paplašinās un lokālās identitātes tapšanā liela loma ir plašākiem, daudznozīmīgiem kontekstiem. Otra konferences tēma – Jaunas pieejas mūzikas analīzē – sniedz padziļinātu ieskatu vairākos izziņas aspektos: pētījumu centrā ir dzirdes sonoloģija, matemātikas un kompjūtertehnoloģiju lietojums mūzikas analīzē, interdisciplināra pieeja, psihoanalītiska izziņa u. c. Izraudzīto tēmu daudzveidība apliecina jauno analīzes metožu izvērtējuma nepārejošu aktualitāti. Gundega Šmite Latvijas Komponistu savienības Valdes priekšsēdētāja 1st theme. Music and Identities: The Baltic Sea Region in the 21st Century Ethnicity, National Identity, and Transcultural Awareness MAX PETER BAUMANN Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg (Germany) ABSTRACT: Today regional traditions interrelate with the plurality and diversity of musical languages and tastes as social constructs, with confronting trends of intercultural music-making, and with
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