DOCSLIB.ORG

At the Forefront of Conservation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
At the Forefront of Conservation TABLE OF CONTENTS DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fiscal Year 2009 Budget Justifications Table of Contents General Statement.... ........... .....................................................................................GS-1 Organization Chart.... ........... .....................................................................................GS-2 Overview of Fiscal Year 2009 Request.......................................................................GS-3 Goal Performance Table....... ..................................................................................... PT-1 Budget At-A-Glance Table .... .....................................................................................BG-1 Appropriation: Resource Management Appropriations Language ............................................................................... RM-1 Authorizing Statutes .. .................................................................................... RM-1 Summary of Requirements........................................................................... RM-11 Justification of Fixed Costs and Related Changes....................................... RM-12 Program & Financing Schedules/Object Class/Personnel Summary........... RM-14 Endangered Species Overview........ ..................................................................................... ES-1 Candidate Conservation...................................................................... ES-7 Listing .............................................................................................. ES-12 Consultation... ................................................................................... ES-16 Recovery ....... ................................................................................... ES-22 Habitat Conservation Habitat Conservation Overview ..................................................... HC-1 Partners ......... .....................................................................................HC-3 Conservation Planning Assistance (Project Planning) ......................HC-14 Coastal .......... ...................................................................................HC-29 National Wetlands Inventory..............................................................HC-40 Environmental Contaminants..................................................................EC-1 National Wildlife Refuge System Overview Table................................................................................ NWR-1 Refuge Wildlife and Habitat Management ....................................... NWR-8 Refuge Visitor Services ................................................................. NWR-18 Refuge Law Enforcement .............................................................. NWR-24 Refuge Conservation Planning...................................................... NWR-27 Refuge Maintenance ..................................................................... NWR-31 Migratory Bird Management Migratory Bird Management Overview ................................................MB-1 Conservation and Monitoring...............................................................MB-4 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ......................................................MB-9 Permits .......... ...................................................................................MB-14 Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp ..............................MB-17 North American Waterfowl Management Plan/ Joint Ventures .........MB-19 U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE i TABLE OF CONTENTS Law Enforcement Law Enforcement..................................................................................LE-1 Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Conservation Fisheries Overview ............................................................................FAR-1 National Fish Hatchery System Operations.....................................FAR-10 Maintenance and Equipment...........................................................FAR-23 Aquatic Habitat and Species Conservation .....................................FAR-28 Aquatic Invasive Species.................................................................FAR-37 Marine Mammals .............................................................................FAR-40 General Operations Overview Table................................................................................... GO-1 Central Office Operations ................................................................... GO-4 Regional Office Operations .............................................................. GO-10 Service-wide Bill Paying ................................................................... GO-12 User Pay Cost Share….. .................................................................. GO-15 National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.............................................. GO-18 National Conservation Training Center .......................................... GO-20 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ................................................... GO-22 International Affairs........................................................................... GO-23 Appropriation: Construction Appropriations Language .................................................................................. C-1 Authorizing Statutes .. ....................................................................................... C-1 Justification of Fixed Costs and Related Changes............................................ C-4 Construction Overview ...................................................................................... C-5 Comprehensive Construction Funding Table .................................................... C-6 Construction Program Overview ....................................................................... C-7 Project Data Sheets .. ..................................................................................... C-16 Summary of Requirements.............................................................................. C-22 Program & Financing Schedules/Object Class/Personnel Summary.............. C-23 Appropriation: Land Acquisition Appropriations Language .................................................................................LA-1 Authorizing Statutes .. ......................................................................................LA-1 Justification of Fixed Costs and Related Changes...........................................LA-2 Land Acquisition Program Overview ................................................................LA-4 Update on Land Exchanges.............................................................................LA-6 Land Acquisition Project Table.........................................................................LA-8 Project Justifications.. ......................................................................................LA-9 Program & Financing Schedules/Object Class/Personnel Summary.............LA-11 Appropriation: National Wildlife Refuge Fund ............................................... RF-1 Appropriation: Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund..CES-1 Appropriation: North American Wetlands Conservation Fund...............NAW-1 Appropriation: Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Fund.............. NEO-1 Appropriation: Multinational Species Conservation Fund..........................MS-1 ii U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE TABLE OF CONTENTS Appropriation: State and Tribal Wildlife Grant Program ...........................STG-1 Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration............................................................... SF-1 Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration .................................................................... FA-1 Migratory Bird Conservation Account ......................................................MBC-1 Recreation Fee Program. ................................................................................. REC-1 Wildlife Conservation and Appreciation Fund .......................................... WCAF-1 Contributed Funds ................................................................................................. CF-1 Miscellaneous Permanent Appropriations.......................................................MP-1 Appendix App. A: Research and Development Criteria ............................................ …APX-1 App. B: User-Pay Cost Share from Non-Resource Management Accounts ......APX-4 App. C: Mandatory Budget and Offsetting Collections Proposal.......................APX-5 App. D: Employee Count by Grade ...............................................................APX-6 App. E: Allocations Received from Other Accounts ......................................APX-7 Field Station List . ............................................................................................... FSL-1 U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE iii TABLE OF CONTENTS This Page Intentionally Left Blank iv U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FY 2009 BUDGET JUSTIFICATION GENERAL STATEMENT The Core of Conservation: The Past and Present of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) traces its lineage back to two predecessor bureaus, both pioneers in the early American conservation movement. The first, the U.S. Fish Commission, was established on February 9, 1871 under the Department of Commerce, and renamed the Bureau of Fisheries on July 1, 1903. The second predecessor bureau was the Office of Economic Ornithology and Mammalogy established
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Haseltonia Articles and Authors.Xlsx
    ABCDEFG 1 CSSA "HASELTONIA" ARTICLE TITLES #1 1993–#26 2019 AUTHOR(S) R ISSUE(S) PAGES KEY WORD 1 KEY WORD 2 2 A Cactus Database for the State of Baja California, Mexico Resendiz Ruiz, María Elena 2000 7 97-99 BajaCalifornia Database A First Record of Yucca aloifolia L. (Agavaceae/Asparagaceae) Naturalized Smith, Gideon F, Figueiredo, 3 in South Africa with Notes on its uses and Reproductive Biology Estrela & Crouch, Neil R 2012 17 87-93 Yucca Fotinos, Tonya D, Clase, Teodoro, Veloz, Alberto, Jimenez, Francisco, Griffith, M A Minimally Invasive, Automated Procedure for DNA Extraction from Patrick & Wettberg, Eric JB 4 Epidermal Peels of Succulent Cacti (Cactaceae) von 2016 22 46-47 Cacti DNA 5 A Morphological Phylogeny of the Genus Conophytum N.E.Br. (Aizoaceae) Opel, Matthew R 2005 11 53-77 Conophytum 6 A New Account of Echidnopsis Hook. F. (Asclepiadaceae: Stapeliae) Plowes, Darrel CH 1993 1 65-85 Echidnopsis 7 A New Cholla (Cactaceae) from Baja California, Mexico Rebman, Jon P 1998 6 17-21 Cylindropuntia 8 A New Combination in the genus Agave Etter, Julia & Kristen, Martin 2006 12 70 Agave A New Series of the Genus Opuntia Mill. (Opuntieae, Opuntioideae, Oakley, Luis & Kiesling, 9 Cactaceae) from Austral South America Roberto 2016 22 22-30 Opuntia McCoy, Tom & Newton, 10 A New Shrubby Species of Aloe in the Imatong Mountains, Southern Sudan Leonard E 2014 19 64-65 Aloe 11 A New Species of Aloe on the Ethiopia-Sudan Border Newton, Leonard E 2002 9 14-16 Aloe A new species of Ceropegia sect.
    [Show full text]
  • Fragrant Prickly-Apple Cereus Eriophorus Var
    Fragrant Prickly-apple Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans (Small) L. Benson ereus eriophorus var. fragrans is a rare, slender, Federal Status: Endangered (Nov. 1, 1985) columnar cactus restricted to 11 small disjunct sites Critical Habitat: None Designated Cin eastern St. Lucie County. A 1996 survey Florida Status: Endangered documented the presence of 320 plants. Habitat loss and fragmentation remains a serious threat for plants on private Recovery Plan Status: Revision (May 18, 1999) lands. On public lands this species is protected from Geographic Coverage: Rangewide destruction, but in many areas it is experiencing a precipitous decline in abundance. This account represents a revision of the existing Figure 1. County distribution of the fragrant prickly-apple. recovery plan for the fragrant prickly-apple (FWS 1988). Description Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans is a solitary tree cactus that may have from one to eight, spiny, cane-like, stout, and succulent stems. The columnar stems are 2.5 to 5.0 cm in diameter, and have 10 or 12 ridges alternated with deep, sharp grooves (Benson 1982). Stems may be erect, or for longer stems, the plant may recline over neighboring vegetation. The branching can be extensive, and the roots of this cactus are coarse, fibrous, and shallow (Small 1920). The spine-bearing regions (areoles) are aligned along its ridges about 2 cm apart. Each areole bears 9 to 13 spines, which are mostly grayish and yellowish at the tip, with one spine longer (2 to 4 cm) than the rest. Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans has initial flower buds that are 1 cm long, white, and exceedingly hairy.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix A. Plant Species Known to Occur at Canaveral National Seashore
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Vegetation Community Monitoring at Canaveral National Seashore, 2009 Natural Resource Data Series NPS/SECN/NRDS—2012/256 ON THE COVER Pitted stripeseed (Piriqueta cistoides ssp. caroliniana) Photograph by Sarah L. Corbett. Vegetation Community Monitoring at Canaveral National Seashore, 2009 Natural Resource Report NPS/SECN/NRDS—2012/256 Michael W. Byrne and Sarah L. Corbett USDI National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network Cumberland Island National Seashore 101 Wheeler Street Saint Marys, Georgia, 31558 and Joseph C. DeVivo USDI National Park Service Southeast Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network University of Georgia 160 Phoenix Road, Phillips Lab Athens, Georgia, 30605 March 2012 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Data Series is intended for the timely release of basic data sets and data summaries. Care has been taken to assure accuracy of raw data values, but a thorough analysis and interpretation of the data has not been completed. Consequently, the initial analyses of data in this report are provisional and subject to change. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • TAXON:Harrisia Eriophora (Pfeiff.)
    TAXON: Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiff.) SCORE: 7.0 RATING: High Risk Britton Taxon: Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiff.) Britton Family: Cactaceae Common Name(s): fragrant apple cactus Synonym(s): Cereus eriophorus Pfeiff. fragrant prickly apple jijira pitahaya woolly prickly apple Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 9 Oct 2017 WRA Score: 7.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Tropical Cactus, Spiny, Edible Fruit, Spreads Vegetatively, Bird-Dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 14. Wildlife and Forest Communities 341
    chapteR 14. Wildlife and Forest Communities 341 Chapter 14. Wildlife and Forest communities Margaret Trani Griep and Beverly Collins1 key FindingS • Hotspot areas for plants of concern are Big Bend National Park; the Apalachicola area of the Southern Gulf Coast; • The South has 1,076 native terrestrial vertebrates: 179 Lake Wales Ridge and the area south of Lake Okeechobee amphibians, 525 birds, 176 mammals, and 196 reptiles. in Peninsular Florida; and coastal counties of North Species richness is highest in the Mid-South (856) and Carolina in the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The Appalachian- Coastal Plain (733), reflecting both the large area of these Cumberland highlands also contain plants identified by subregions and the diversity of habitats within them. States as species of concern. • The geography of species richness varies by taxa. • Species, including those of conservation concern, are Amphibians flourish in portions of the Piedmont and imperiled by habitat alteration, isolation, introduction of Appalachian-Cumberland highlands and across the Coastal invasive species, environmental pollutants, commercial Plain. Bird richness is highest along the coastal wetlands of development, human disturbance, and exploitation. the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico, mammal richness Conditions predicted by the forecasts will magnify these is highest in the Mid-South and Appalachian-Cumberland stressors. Each species varies in its vulnerability to highlands, and reptile richness is highest across the forecasted threats, and these threats vary by subregion. Key southern portion of the region. areas of concern arise where hotspots of vulnerable species • The South has 142 terrestrial vertebrate species coincide with forecasted stressors. considered to be of conservation concern (e.g., global • There are 614 species that are presumed extirpated from conservation status rank of critically imperiled, imperiled, selected States in the South; 64 are terrestrial vertebrates or vulnerable), 77 of which are listed as threatened or and 550 are vascular plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Patterns of Distribution and Abundance of Harrisia Portoricensis, an Endangered Caribbean Cactus
    Journal of Plant Ecology Advance Access published March 14, 2013 Journal of Plant Ecology Spatial patterns of distribution PAGES 1–10 doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtt014 and abundance of Harrisia available online at www.jpe.oxfordjournals.org portoricensis, an endangered Caribbean cactus Julissa Rojas-Sandoval1,2,* and Elvia J. Meléndez-Ackerman2,3 1 Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23360, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3360, USA 2 Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 70377, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-8377, USA 3 Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 70377, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-8377, USA *Correspondence address. Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC-166, Smithsonian Downloaded from Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington DC 20013–7012, USA. Tel: (001) 520 425 4518; Fax: (001) 202 633 0899; E-mail: [email protected] Abstract http://jpe.oxfordjournals.org/ Aims Important findings The spatial distribution of biotic and abiotic factors may play a dom- Abundance of H. portoricensis showed strong affinities with micro- inant role in determining the distribution and abundance of plants habitat variables related to canopy structure, soil cover and light in arid and semiarid environments. In this study, we evaluated how environment. The distribution of this cactus species throughout the spatial patterns of microhabitat variables and the degree of spatial island was consistent with the spatial variation patterns of these var- dependence of these variables influence the distribution and abun- iables. In general, landscape-level analyses suggested a predictive by guest on March 15, 2013 dance of the endangered cactus Harrisia portoricensis.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Statement
    University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 04 University of Plymouth Research Theses 01 Research Theses Main Collection 2014 Comparative Demography and Life history Evolution of Plants Mbeau ache, Cyril http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3201 Plymouth University All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. Copyright Statement This copy of the thesis has been supplied on the condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. Title page Comparative Demography and Life history Evolution of Plants By Cyril Mbeau ache (10030310) A thesis submitted to Plymouth University in partial fulfillment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Biological Sciences Plymouth University, UK August 2014 ii Comparative demography and life history evolution of plants Cyril Mbeau ache Abstract Explaining the origin and maintenance of biodiversity is a central goal in ecology and evolutionary biology. Some of the most important, theoretical explanations for this diversity centre on the evolution of life histories. Comparative studies on life history evolution, have received significant attention in the zoological literature, but have lagged in plants. Recent developments, however, have emphasised the value of comparative analysis of data for many species to test existing theories of life history evolution, as well as to provide the basis for developing additional or alternative theories.
    [Show full text]
  • Cacti, Biology and Uses
    CACTI CACTI BIOLOGY AND USES Edited by Park S. Nobel UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley Los Angeles London University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2002 by the Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cacti: biology and uses / Park S. Nobel, editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ). ISBN 0-520-23157-0 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Cactus. 2. Cactus—Utilization. I. Nobel, Park S. qk495.c11 c185 2002 583'.56—dc21 2001005014 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 10 987654 321 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48–1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). CONTENTS List of Contributors . vii Preface . ix 1. Evolution and Systematics Robert S. Wallace and Arthur C. Gibson . 1 2. Shoot Anatomy and Morphology Teresa Terrazas Salgado and James D. Mauseth . 23 3. Root Structure and Function Joseph G. Dubrovsky and Gretchen B. North . 41 4. Environmental Biology Park S. Nobel and Edward G. Bobich . 57 5. Reproductive Biology Eulogio Pimienta-Barrios and Rafael F. del Castillo . 75 6. Population and Community Ecology Alfonso Valiente-Banuet and Héctor Godínez-Alvarez . 91 7. Consumption of Platyopuntias by Wild Vertebrates Eric Mellink and Mónica E. Riojas-López . 109 8. Biodiversity and Conservation Thomas H. Boyle and Edward F. Anderson . 125 9. Mesoamerican Domestication and Diffusion Alejandro Casas and Giuseppe Barbera . 143 10. Cactus Pear Fruit Production Paolo Inglese, Filadelfio Basile, and Mario Schirra .
    [Show full text]
  • Harrisia Fragrans ● Native Container Gardening ● Helenium Amarum Notes on the Biology of the Fragrant Prickly Apple Cactus Harrisia Fragrans Jon A
    Volume 28: Number 4 > Fall/Winter 2011 PalmettoThe Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society Notes on Harrisia fragrans ● Native Container Gardening ● Helenium amarum Notes on the Biology of the Fragrant Prickly Apple Cactus Harrisia fragrans Jon A. Moore Above: Harrisia fragrans flower, July 2011. The large, nocturnal flowers are approximately 4 to 4.5 inches across. Photo by Jon Moore. 4 ● The Palmetto Volume 28:4 ● Fall/Winter 2011 Fragrant prickly apple cactus (Harrisia fragrans, formerly known as Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans) is a native cactus found in scrub habitat, elevated sandy dunes, and on shell mounds along the east coast of Florida between New Smyrna Beach and Jensen Beach (USFWS 2010). It is largely limited to a very few protected sites and adjacent private properties, with the vast majority of individuals found in and around Savannas Preserve State Park (SPSP). At SPSP, the fragrant prickly apple cacti are growing on coarse white quartz sand with a surface layer of fine organic debris and/or leaf litter. The fragrant prickly apple cactus was first discovered in a scrub hammock about 6 miles south of Fort Pierce by John Kunkel Small in 1917, while he was exploring scrub vegetation (Small 1918). The first specimen was probably collected within the boundaries of the present-day Savannas Preserve State Park. Small later reported specimens from Turtle Mound, about 9 miles south of New Smyrna Beach (Small 1925). Above left: Harrisia fragrans growing in the Savannas Preserve State Park, 2009. Below left: The fragrant prickly apple cactus gets its name from the fruit, which is globose, about 2 to 3 inches across, and bright red or orange- red in color.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants
    Vol. 77 Thursday, No. 197 October 11, 2012 Part II Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Cape Sable Thoroughwort, Florida Semaphore Cactus, and Aboriginal Prickly-Apple, and Designation of Critical Habitat for Cape Sable Thoroughwort; Proposed Rule VerDate Mar<15>2010 17:46 Oct 10, 2012 Jkt 229001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\11OCP2.SGM 11OCP2 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS2 61836 Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 197 / Thursday, October 11, 2012 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR preferred file format is Microsoft Word. therefore, these species qualify for If you attach multiple comments (such listing. We are proposing to list these Fish and Wildlife Service as form letters), our preferred format is plants as endangered species. Their a spreadsheet in Microsoft Excel. protection under the Act can only be 50 CFR Part 17 (2) By hard copy: Submit by U.S. mail done by issuing a rule. • Chromolaena frustrata has been [Docket No. FWS–R4–ES–2012–0076; or hand–delivery to: Public Comments 4500030113] Processing, Attn: FWS–R4–ES–2012– extirpated (no longer in existence) from 0076; Division of Policy and Directives half of the islands where it occurred in RIN 1018–AY08 Management; U.S. Fish and Wildlife the Florida Keys, and threats of Service; 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, MS competition from nonnative plants and Endangered and Threatened Wildlife 2042–PDM; Arlington, VA 22203. habitat loss still exist in the remaining and Plants; Endangered Species We request that you send comments populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Harrisia Fragrans
    Population Demography of the Fragrant Prickly-Apple Cactus (Harrisia fragrans) Contract # 012036 Final Report Keith A. Bradley and Kirsten N. Hines November 30, 2007 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 www.regionalconservation.org George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to Dennis Hardin Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Florida Division of Forestry 3125 Conner Boulevard Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Study Species .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Study Site ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Methods ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Demographic Monitoring.......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving North America's Threatened Plants
    Conserving North America’s Threatened Plants Progress report on Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving North America’s Threatened Plants Progress report on Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Andrea Kramer, Abby Hird, Kirsty Shaw, Michael Dosmann, and Ray Mims January 2011 Recommended ciTaTion: Kramer, A., A. Hird, K. Shaw, M. Dosmann, and R. Mims. 2011. Conserving North America’s Threatened Plants: Progress report on Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation . BoTanic Gardens ConservaTion InTernaTional U.S. Published by BoTanic Gardens ConservaTion InTernaTional U.S. 1000 Lake Cook Road Glencoe, IL 60022 USA www.bgci.org/usa Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Contents Acknowledgements . .3 Foreword . .4 Executive Summary . .5 Chapter 1. The North American Flora . .6 1.1 North America’s plant diversity . .7 1.2 Threats to North America’s plant diversity . .7 1.3 Conservation status and protection of North America’s plants . .8 1.3.1 Regional conservaTion sTaTus and naTional proTecTion . .9 1.3.2 Global conservaTion sTaTus and proTecTion . .10 1.4 Integrated plant conservation . .11 1.4.1 In situ conservaTion . .11 1.4.2 Ex situ collecTions and conservaTion applicaTions . .12 1.4.3 ParameTers of ex situ collecTions for conservaTion . .16 1.5 Global perspective and work on ex situ conservation . .18 1.5.1 Global STraTegy for PlanT ConservaTion, TargeT 8 . .18 Chapter 2. North American Collections Assessment . .19 2.1 Background . .19 2.2 Methodology . .19 2.2.1 Compiling lisTs of ThreaTened NorTh American Taxa .
    [Show full text]