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1 AUTORSKO DELO JE ZAŠTIĆENO UGOVOROM O PRENOSU AUTORSKOG PRAVA, OVERENOG U IV OPŠTINSKOM SUDU U BEOGRADU 2006. NOSILAC AUTORSKOG PRAVA I PRAVA PREVODA MOMČILO MATIĆ CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији Народна библиотека Србије – Београд 27(031) 26(031) 28(031) ЂАКОВАЦ, Александар Leksikon hrišćanstva, judaizma i islama / Aleksandar Đakovac. - 1. izd. - Beograd : Agencija Matić, 2006 (Beograd : Udruženje Nauka i društvo Srbije). 310 str. ; ilustr. ; 20 cm. - (Edicija Leksikoni / [Agencija Matić] ; kolo 1) Tiraž 1.500. - O autoru: str. 310. ISBN 86-83469-91-3 а) Хришћанство - Лексикони b) Јудаизам - Лексикони c) Ислам - Лексикони COBISS.SR-ID 135006988 2 mr Aleksandar Đakovac LEKSIKON HRIŠĆANSTVA, JUDAIZMA I ISLAMA Beograd, 2006. 3 Izdavač AGENCIJA „MATIĆ“ Beograd Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 192 Za izdavača Goran Matić Glavni i odgovorni urednik magistrant pol. nauka Milka Pantić Autor mr Aleksandar Đakovac Redaktor: Protojerej-stavrofor prof. Dr Radovan Bigović Recenzenti Prof. Dr Zoran Krstić Prof. Dr Ksenija Končarević Lektor i korektor prof. Mirjana S. Petrović Redakcija i prodaja: (011) 2198-931, 415-301 063/277-069, 063/8081-945 Tel./ Faks (011) 108-514 e-mail: [email protected] www.mgmatic.co.yu Štampa: Udruženje Nauka i društvo Srbije Beograd, Radoslava Grujića 11a 4 „A vjera je osnov svega čemu se nadamo, potvrda stvari nevidljivih“ Poslanica Jevrejima 11, 1 5 SADRŽAJ PREDGOVOR ................................................................. 7 KAKO KORISTITI OVAJ LEKSIKON? ...................... 10 A ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. B...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. C...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Č...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. D ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. E ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 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O AUTORU ....................................................................... 6 PREDGOVOR Cilj ovog Leksikona je da na jednom mestu, na kratak, sažet i razumljiv način, obradi najznačajnije pojmove i posluži kao osnova za dalje istraživanje, i/ili kao pomoćno sredstvo pri čitanju stručne literature. Smatramo da će pojavom ovakvog leksikona biti popunjena jedna velika praznina, i omogućeno svima koji žele da se u osnovnim crtama upoznaju sa najvažnijim pojmovima vezanim za tri žive monoteističke religije, koje postoje na našim prostorima i koje su ostavile dubok i neizbrisiv trag na civilizaciju kojoj pripadamo. Nastojali smo da jasno i iscrpno obradimo sve relevantne pojmove koji se tiču hrišćanstva, judaizma i islama, ali smo izvesnu prednost ipak dali pravoslavnom hrišćanstvu, budući da je to dominanta vera na ovim prostorima. U ovom Leksikonu uglavnom su izostavljene ličnosti, najviše zbog prostora. Ipak, nastojali smo da spomenemo makar najznačajnije od onih koji se nalaze u Starom i Novom zavetu kao i Kuranu. Nastojali smo, takođe, da u ovaj leksikon uvrstimo sve reprezentativne pojmove, koristeći se postojećim priručnicima, leksikonima, rečnicima i enciklopedija- ma kako na srpskom tako i na drugim jezicima (v. Odabranu bibliografiju na kraju knjige). Svakako, mnogi od pojmova koji se ovde nalaze zaslužuju posebne studije i detaljne analize. U datima okvirima, pokušali smo da pružimo makar osnovne smernice za njihovo razumevanje. 7 KAKO KORISTITI OVAJ LEKSIKON? Na kraju ovog Leksikona, nalazi se indeks svih pojmova koji su u njemu, sa uputum na određenu stranicu kako bi čitalac mogao lako pronaći željenu odrednicu. U zagradama pored pojma u indeksu i u samom tekstu, nalaze se skraćenice koje ukazuju kojoj religiji pripada određnei pojam: [hr.] – hrišćanstvo, [i.] – islam, [j.] – judaizam. Kod onih pojmova koji su zajednički za dve religije stoji na primer: [hr.- j.] – hrišćanstvo – judaizam. Međutim, kod onih pojmova koji se javljaju kod sve tri religije (na primer: post, greh, itd.), radi bolje preglednosti, nije stavljena nikakva oznaka. Tamo gde smo smatrali da je to potrebno u zagradama je navedena i skraćenica jezika iz koga neki pojam potiče, na primer: (gr.) – grčki; (jev.) – jevrejski; (arap.) – arapski. Ponegde je stavljeno i izvorno značenje reči, ukoliko smo procenili da time omogućavamo bolje razumevanje određenog pojma. Pojmovi koji su relevantni za razumevanje neke odrednice, a koji su na odgovarajućem mestu u leksikonu detaljnije obrađeni, obeleženi su tamnim slovima i oznakom (v.) iza takvog pojma. Ako, npr. stoji rečenica: „Episkop (v.) je predstojatelj evharistijskog (v.) sabranja“, to znači da su pojmovi „Episkop“ i „Evharistija“ posebno obrađeni. 8 A ABASIDI [i] – (arap.). Abasidi, dinastija koja je od 750. do 1258. godine bila na čelu hilafata (v.). Nasledila je dinastiju Umajida. Svi njeni članovi su bili direktni potomci Muhameda (v.), a ime je dobila po njegovom stricu al-Abasu. U vreme vladavine ove dinstije postignut je veliki napredak u oblasti književnosti, nauke, umetnosti. Osvajanje Bagdada od strane Mongola, 1258. označio je i kraj vladavine ove dinastije. ABDEST [i] – (pers.). U islamu ritualno pranje izloženih delova tela, ruku, lica, stopala itd, a u cilju vršenja molitve (v . namaz). Kako treba da se vrši a. propisuje Kuran (v.) a detaljno razrađuju hadisi (v.). ovo molitveno pranje naziva se i „malo“ dok se veliko naziva Gusul (v.). Al-wudu se naziva uobičajeni abdest vodom. Ako pak nema vode, abdest se može obaviti i čistom zemljom, kada se naziva tajamum. ABROGACIJA – [i]. U svetlu islama, abrogacija predstavlja ukidanje određenog propisa naknadno objavljenim propisom. ABRAHAM – (v. Avram). ADAM [hr. j.] (heb. „zemljani“, „čovek“). Prvi čovek, koga je Bog stvorio od zemlje i u njega udahnuo život. Od nejgovog rebra Bog je načinio ženu – Evu. Prema biblijskom izveštaju Adam nije poslušao Božiju naredbu, i tako se odvojio od Njega postavši smrtan (v. Prvorodni greh). Tako je smrt 9 ušla u svet, a čovek je kroz greh (v.) postao njen rob. Prema hrišćanskom verovanju, Adam je stvoren sa ciljem da čitavu tvorevinu prinese u zajednicu sa Bogom. Međutim, pogrešnim usmerenjem volje, on to nije učinio. Ono što Adam nije učinio, učinio je Isus Hristos (v.), Koji se stoga naziva „novim Adamom“. „Jer kao što u Adamu svi umiru, tako će u Hristu svi oživeti“ (1Kor 15, 22). U Novom zavetu (v.) se za Adama takođe kaže da je on „slika Onoga koji će doći“ (Rim 5, 14), tj. Hrista. ADONAJ [j.] – (jev: „Gospod“). Naziv koji su Jevreji, nakon vavilonskog ropstva (v. Vavilonsko ropstvo) upotrebljavali kao zamenu za Jahve (v.), ime koje je Bog objavio. Grčki prevod ove reči je kyrios („Gospod“). U tom smislu se ispovedanje Hrista Gospodom smatra priznavanjem njegovog božanstva (Gospod moj i Bog moj! Jn 20, 28). ADOPCIJANISTI [hr.] – (lat. adoptio – „usvojen“). Naziv za dve sekte koje su pogrešno učile o Svetoj Trojici (v.). 1. Jedna od grupa monarhijana koji su delovali krajem II veka. Smatrali su da je Bog Otac usvojio Isusa Hrista. 2. U Španiji je u VII veku postojala sekta koja je učila da je Hristos (v. Isus Hristos) po svojoj Božanskoj prirodi bio istiniti Sin Božiji, dok je po svojoj čovečanskoj prirodi bio usvojen. ADVENT [hr.] – (lat. adventus „dolazak“, u ovom slučaju Hristov dolazak.) Uglavnom zapadni naziv za period neposredno pre Božića. Na Zapadu on obuhvata četiri nedelje pre Božića, dok Božićnji post u Istočnim crkvama 10 počinje odmah nakon praznika svetog apostola Filipa 14/27 novembra. Advent je nekada i na Zapadu bio period posta (v.), premda ne tako strogog (što važi i za Istok), o čemu danas svedoče pojedini liturgijski (v.) momenti. ADVENTISTI [hr.] Hrišćanska protestantska sekta (v.) nastala u XIX veku. Za njenog osnivača se smatra Vilijam Miler (1782-1849). On je smatrao da je na osnovu Biblije moguće izračunati tačan datum drugog Hristovog dolaska. Mnogi su mu poverovali, pa su adventisti tako i dobili ime po reči advent
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    Grey Literature Sources in Historical Perspective: Content Analysis of Handwritten Notes Snježana Ćirković, Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, Serbia1 Abstract This paper describes historical perspective of grey literature in comparison to the postulates of Serbian enlightenment in the 18th century. The theoretical part of this paper describes comparative analysis between main postulates of grey literature given in Pisa Declaration on Policy Development for Grey Literature Resources (Pisa, Italy) on May 16, 2014 in comparison to the first manifest of Serbian enlightenment written by one of the greatest Serbian enlightener Zaharija Orfelin. Orfelin has written this manifest in the preface of the Journal Slaveno-Serbian Magazin, founded in Venice (Italy) in 1768. The second part of this paper describes the handwritten notes, as one of the grey literature forms, made by Zaharija Orfelin on the books in his private library. This library presents one of the first private Serbian libraries from the 18th century, it is a rich collection of the most representative books from that period in different languages (German, Italian, French, Russian, Latin and Slaveno-Serbian) and represents invaluable cultural heritage. Using the method of content analysis, this paper describes these handwritten notes, and their role as grey literature source in reconstructing the biography of Zaharija Orfelin compensating for lack of other primary biographical and historical printed sources. Introduction The 18th century is the century of migrations and great exodus of the Serbian people and re- establishment of Serbian national identity - the century in which modern Serbian civic 1 Author is currently Director of the Head Office at the Austrian Academic Library Consortium (Kooperation E-Medien Österreich), Vienna, Austria.
  • Master Plan Za Turističku Destinaciju Sremski Karlovci Sa Fruškom Gorom

    Master Plan Za Turističku Destinaciju Sremski Karlovci Sa Fruškom Gorom

    Master plan za turističku destinaciju Sremski Karlovci sa Fruškom gorom © Hosting svetovanje d.o.o. & Fabus Master plan za turističku destinaciju Sremski Karlovci sa Fruškom gorom Predgovor Projekat „Master plan razvoja turizma Sremskih Karlovaca sa Fruškom Gorom“ je jedan u nizu Master planova razvoja turističkih destinacija za koji su okviri navedeni u „Strategiji razvoja turizma Srbije do 2015. godine“. Na osnovu tendera, koji je raspisalo Ministarstvo ekonomije i regionalnog razvoja Vlade Republike Srbije 2008. godine, za realizaciju ovog Projekta odabrana je istraživačko konsultantska kuća „Hosting Svetovanje“, d.o.o. iz Ljubljane sa svojim stručnim saradnicima i partnerima. U projektu je, kao jedan od partnera i podizvođač, učestvovao i Fakultet za uslužni biznis (Fabus) iz Sremske Kamenice, koji je u toku izrade projekta postao članica Univerziteta „Educons“ u Sremskoj Kamenici. Saradnja koja je ostvarena između „Hosting svetovanja“ i institucija iz Slovenije i Srbije, omogućila je da se Master plan razvoja turizma Sremskih Karlovaca, uradi na optimalan način, veoma stručno i naučno potkrepljeno uz maksimalno korišćenje primarnih (field research) i sekundarnih (desk research) izvora informacija kao i radionica na terenu, koje su organizovane sa ključnim zainteresovanim učesnicima u razvoju turizma na destinaciji. U ovom kontekstu, maksimalna stručna i organizaciona podrška data je od strane opštine Sremski Karlovci kao i od strane Turističke organizacije Sremskih Karlovaca uz koordinaciju naručioca t.j. Ministarstva ekonomije i regionalnog razvoja, na čemu se autorski tim iskreno zahvaljuje. © Hosting svetovanje d.o.o. & Fabus Master plan za turističku destinaciju Sremski Karlovci sa Fruškom gorom Naručilac projekta: Ministarstvo ekonomije i regionalnog razvoja Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 15 11000 Beograd Srbija Vođa projekta naručioca: Dr Goran Petković, državni sekretar za turizam Izvođač i nosilac projekta: Hosting svetovanje d.o.o.
  • Danilo Radojević

    Danilo Radojević

    ideologija MISTIFIKACIJE I ASIMILATORSKI SMISAO IDEOLOGIJE SVETOSAVLJA Danilo Radojević Critical historiography has come to some important answers concerning the essence of the Serbian church-national ideology of svetosavlje and the manner of its spreading. Using old and making up new forgeries, some authors from the circle of the Serbian Orthodox Church are continuing to create a false image of this ideology. This text deals with researching propaganda methods of the so called svetosavlje. U novije vrijeme kritička istoriografija došla je do bitnijih odgo - vora, kada je u pitanju suština srpske crkveno-državne ideologije svetosavlja i način njenoga širenja, što neke autore iz kruga Srpske pravoslavne crkve sili da, koristeći stare i smišljajući nove falsifi - kate, stvaraju lažnu sliku i negiraju razarajuće rezultate asimila - torskoga pohoda ove ideologije na kulturno-povijesni i duhovni identitet jednoga dijela balkanskih naroda. Proučavanjem metoda propagande tzv. svetosavlja otkrivaju se glavni ciljevi te ideologi - je i dolazi do saznanja o korijenima i uzrocima razvoja animozite - ta kod jednog dijela Crnogoraca prema inovjercima. Ideologija svetosavlja , nastala prije više od stoljeća i po, a izme - đu dva svjetska rata, iz srpskoga crkvenoga vrha proklamovana u www. maticacrnogorska.me MATICA, ljeto 2012. 153 Danilo Radojević obliku političkoga modela imperijalnoga etnofiletizma, 1 oslonje - noga na lik jednoga nacionalnoga sveca, kamuflažno je zadržava - na u okvirima hrišćanske dogme, da bi trajnije i jače djelovala. Ta ideologija postala je oprobano sredstvo asimilatorskoga plavljenja svijesti kod pravoslavnijih dijelova (Srbima okolnih) naroda koji su se, poslije Prvoga svjetskoga rata, našli u granicama Kraljevine SHS. 2 Po svojem karakteru svetosavlje se naslanja na ideju o „iza - branom narodu“ što ga svrstava među ideologije rasizma.
  • Korica Tokovi Istorije 3-4-2006

    Korica Tokovi Istorije 3-4-2006

    TOKOVI ISTORIJE ^asopis Instituta za noviju istoriju Srbije 3-4/2005. CURRENTS OF HISTORY Journal of the Institute for Recent History of Serbia INIS Beograd 2005. INSTITUT ZA NOVIJU ISTORIJU SRBIJE THE INSTITUTE FOR RECENT HISTORY OF SERBIA Za izdava~a Dr Mom~ilo Mitrovi} Glavni i odgovorni urednik – Editor-in-chief Dr Radmila Radi} Redakcija – Editorial board Dr Dubravka Stojanovi} Mr Vladan Jovanovi} Prof. dr Stevan Pavlovi} (Sautempton) Prof. dr Jan Pelikan (Prag) Dr Jelena Guskova (Moskva) Dr Diana Mi{kova (Sofija - Plovdiv) Sekretar redakcije – Editorial secretary Mr Vladimir Cvetkovi} Lektura Biljana Rackovi} Prevodi na engleski Dr Marija Obradovi} Tehni~ka obrada teksta Mirjana Vuja{evi} UDK 949.71 YU ISSN – 0354-6497 Izdavanje ~asopisa finansira Ministarstvo nauke i za{tite `ivotne sredine Republike Srbije Na osnovu mi{ljenja Ministarstva za nauku, tehnologije i razvoj Republike Srbije, ~asopis Tokovi istorije oslobo|en je pla}anja op{teg poreza na promet SADR@AJ / CONTENTS ^LANCI / Articles Du{an BAJAGI] MA\ARSKA [TAMPA O UBISTVU KRALJA ALEKSANDRA I KARA\OR\EVI]A Hungarian Newspapers about the Assassination of the King Alexander I . 9 Mr Ivana DOBRIVOJEVI] SUDSTVO I SUDIJE U DOBA [ESTOJANUARSKOG RE@IMA KRALJA ALEKSANDRA (1929–1935) The Judiciary and the Judges in the Time of the King Alexander's Dictatorship (1929–1935) . 28 Dr Klaus BUHENAU JUST AS REAL-LIFE BROTHERS. SERB-RUSSIAN CONTACTS IN THE ECCLESIASTICAL ACADEMY OF KIEV (1850–1914) AND IN ORTODOX SCHOOLS OF INTERWAR YUGOSLAVIA (1920–1941) „Bratski odnosi“, srpsko-ruske veze u Kijevskoj duhovnoj akademiji (1850–1914) i pravoslavnim {kolama u me|uratnoj Jugoslaviji (1920–1941) .