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Art and Cultural Heritage: Law, Policy, and Pratice Edited by Barbara T Cambridge University Press 0521857643 - Art and Cultural Heritage: Law, Policy, and Pratice Edited by Barbara T. Hoffman Index More information Index 1954 UNESCO Convention for the Protection of exploitation of smokebush and, 9 and customary law considerations, 480 Cultural Property in the Event of Armed in New Zealand. See Maori for industry-indigenous community conflicts, Conflicts. See Hague Convention (1954) Absheron Peninsula (Azerbaijan) 475 1970 UNESCO Convention. See UNESCO cart ruts on, 253 options provided by, 477 Convention (1970) cut marks and water channels in, 252 policy for, 487 1972 International Convention, ratified by evidence of early man on, 253 for repatriation of cultural property, 483–487 Cambodia, 153 “absolute novelty” rule, 9 adverse possession 1972 UNESCO Recommendation concerning the absolute protection versus unlimited trade, 70 acquiring title by, 76 Protection, at National Level, of The abstract thought, underpinning the material time limit for, 91 Cultural and Natural Heritage, 35 world, 22 unsuitability to art objects, 171 1972 World Heritage Convention. See World Abun, crown of, 137 Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Heritage Convention (1972) Abungo, George, 380 (ACHP), 238 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Abya Yala nations (America), 129 Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology. the Underwater Cultural Heritage. See academic pedigree for unprovenanced material, See ACUA CPUCH 59 Advisory Panel on Illicit Trade (2000), 319 academics Aero Condor (Peruvian airline), 61 AAM (American Association of Museums) in developing countries, 363 aesthetic values versus historical values, 44 and acquisition of illegally exported multidisciplinary and comparative “affaire du Negre emphaille” (stuffed Negro), antiquities, 406 investigation, 363 137 and acquisition of undocumented objects, 405 Academy of Arts of Honolulu, 155 affirmative defenses, museums waiving, 406 on ethics of acquisition, 55 Academy of San Fernando, 114 Afghanistan Guidelines Concerning the Unlawful access Buddhas of Bamiyan. See Buddhas of Bamiyan Appropriation of Objects during the Nazi under Biodiversity Law of Costa Rica, 444 cultural heritage of, 28 Era, 406, 463 as goal of cultural policy, 17 cultural objects found intact in, 71 support of Steinhardt, 164 industrial interest in, 476 food production, 30 AAMD (American Association of Art Museum access permits for research or biodivesity government of, 29 Directors) prospecting, 443 plundering of archaeological sites in, 57 acquisitions policy guidelines, 55 accession records, public posting of, 62 population loss in, 29 ethical guidelines, 399 accounting companies, verification reports Taliban in, 29, 32 and statute of limitations, 406 conducted by, 275 UN seat, 29 support of Steinhardt, 164 acquiescing, inaction due to, 188 war in, 29 on theft in chain of title, 406 acquisition Africa. See also specific country AAMD (American Association of Museum of antiquities from looted sites, 56 bilateral agreements within, 140–141 Directors) Guidelines guidelines for museums, 398 biodiversity centre in, 391 and acquisition of CPIA-prohibited objects, indigenous peoples involved in, 414 colonial heritage, 388 406 process of, 46 colonialism in, 388 on benefits of acquisition, 404 existing, 398 concept of knowledge in, 363, 364 case study of, 401 during Nazi era, 185 conception of art in, 364 commendable aspects of, 407 of title, 69 as continent of contrast, 391 failings of, 407 acquisitive prescription, 69 cultural heritage management in on familiarity with laws, 402 action literature on, 142–144 on illegal export, 406, 407 expressions by, 329 cultural heritage of for objects innocent until proven guilty, 404 thoughtful, 23 denial of access to, 143 on objects removed post-1970, 406 ACUA (Advisory Council on Underwater looting of, 3, 137, 139 post-acquisition, 407 Archaeology), 283 restitution and return of, 4, 141 research areas recommended by, 404 Ad Hoc Open-Ended Inter-Sessional Working status of, 141 abandoned property, 10, 294, 295 Group on Article 8(j) and Related cultural heritage well-being index for, abandoned shipwreck, 298. See also shipwrecks; Provisions, 356 144 specific ship Adams, Sir Grantley, 437 expeditions into, 3 Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987, 298–299 admiralty, translation of, 288 museums in, 386–392 Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1989, 287 admiralty law community relations with, 388 abandonment, 298–299 credibility of, 293 proactive role of, 389 Abel, Edward, 422 deep water archaeological methodology and, role as custodians, 390–391 Aboriginal artists, copyright legislation and, 333 284 status of, 387–388 aboriginal fish traps, 304 treasure salvage under, 288 twinning with European museums, 391 Aboriginal singers, settlement with Enigma, 481 UNCLOS status of, 287 umbrella body for, 392 Aborigines ADR (alternative dispute resolution), 463 poverty in, 142 Australian, 210 in 1995 UNIDROIT Convention, 487 symbolic meanings of material culture, 387 519 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521857643 - Art and Cultural Heritage: Law, Policy, and Pratice Edited by Barbara T. Hoffman Index More information 520 Index Africa (cont.) Amoco Eurasia Petroleum Company, 270 Antiquities Dealers Association (ADA), code of use of UNESCO’s Intergovernmental amoxtli, 394 ethics, 61 Committee, 140 Amrad Pty Ltd, 9 antiquities trade wars and conflict in, 391 Amsterdam Conference on the Protection of and indiscriminate demand, 61 Africa 2009, 392 African Cultural Heritage, 143 market confidence in, 58 AFRICOM, 392 analysis methods, non-destructive, 462 structure of, 54 agave, 217 analytical teaching, promotion of, 389 Anungu, 213 agave landscapes, 218 ancestry, concept of, 21 API (American Petroleum Institute), 265 Agave Tequilana Weber Azul, 217 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas best practices, 264 agency undertaking, definition of, 261 Act of 1979 commitment to environmental stewardship, aggregated damages, 332 section 2, 181 279 Agreement Governing the Activities of States on section 28, 181 EMS requirements, 272 the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies section 35, 181 Environmental and Safety Mission and Guiding (1979), 16 section 42(3), 181 Principles, 266 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Andalusia (Spain), illicit excavation in, 54 environmental monitoring by, 273 Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), 13, Andean Common Law, Decision No. 391, 128 Environmental Stewardship Program of, 129, 130, 332 Andean Community, Common System of, 266 agricultural landscapes, 202 129 industry performance reporting, 274 Aguateca, 98 Andean Council of Foreign Ministers, Decision product standards, 266 AIA, amicus curiae briefs, 164, 167 No 460, 131 APPEA (Australian Petroleum Production and air as example of commons, 16 Andes. See also specific country Exploration Association), 264 Alaman, President Lucas, 394 cultural heritage of, 132 Code of Environmental Practice, 276 Albania, 60 genetic resources, 132 EMS requirements, 272 Alcock, Thomas, 167 Maca patents, 481 environmental monitoring by, 273 Aldrich, Judge George, 466 plant genetic resources, 133 environmental policies, 266 Alexander Turnbull Library, 417 ANDREA DORIA, 296, 298 industry performance reporting, 274 alienability of movable cultural property, Andromeda Botanical Gardens, 437 self regulation objective, 265 71 Anegada, returning flamingos to, 438 application in time, 338, 351 Allen, David, 314 Angkor Borei (Cambodia), 60 APSARA Authority, 149–150 Alphonse Kann collection, 173 Angkor Conservation Office and National budget for, 150 ALR (Art Loss Register), 64, 66, 404 Museum of Phnom Penh, inventory of communication with provincial authorities, cost of checking, 182 artifacts at, 153 149 database of missing or stolen artworks, Angkor sites (Cambodia), 148 departments of, 150 112 archaeological risk map of, 151 establishment of, 149 provenance search on Picasso work, 174 archaeology survey unit at, 151 growth of, 149 Alsdorf, James, 174 chaotic areas around, 152 legal status of, 150 Alsdorf, Marilyn, 174, 463 as cultural world heritage, 148–156 partnership with tour organizers, 152 ALSPA (American Land Sovereignty Protection deterioration of sculptures at, 150 staff training, 152 Act) development of, 152 Apulian vases, 53, 54 author of, 237 inventory of objects at, 154 Aquarium of the National Museums of Kenya, failure to enact, 237 looting from, 66 391 introduction of, 236 permanent status classification, 148 Araoz, Gustavo, 237 proponents of, 236 royal protection of, 148 arbitral tribunals supporters of, 236 size of, 150 ad hoc, 473 and World Heritage nominations, 235 storerooms renovation at, 153 appointment of, 484 Alstom Group, 256 tourism at, 151, 152 constitution of, 484 Altamira caves (Spain), 98 Annan, Kofi, 28 German, 190 alternative dispute resolution. See ADR anthropological archaeology versus not representing national forums, 141 Altes Museum (Berlin), 379 object-oriented view, 15 qualifications for, 484 Altmann, Maria, 174 anti-commons, 16 technical persons on, 484 Altmann v. Austria, 174 Antigua, 98 for transborder return cases, 176 aluna, 21, 25 Antigua School, 96 arbitration, 141 Alva, Walter, 60, 424 Antique Platter of Gold case, 164 alternatives to, 485–486 AMAAA. See Ancient Monuments and antique/art dealers under Annex VII of UNCLOS, 469 Archaeological Areas Act of 1979 International Code of Ethics for, 50 available options under existing mechanisms, Amatitan,´ 218 lack of constraint on, 48, 50, 483 468–469 ambiguity licensed in New Zealand, 146 benefits of, 483–484 admission
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