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Mary Kawena Pukui Photo Courtesy Bishop Museum Archives Naomi Losch Mary Kawena Pukui Photo courtesy Bishop Museum Archives. Mary Kawena Pukui, Ka Wahine o La‘i Aloha I have been interested in things Hawaiian for as long as I can remember, but things Hawaiian have not always been as popular as they are today. Now is perhaps the best time to be Hawaiian, as Hawaiian music, dance, culture and history are in the forefront, and Hawaiian issues are being discussed not just locally but nationally and internationally as well. When I began studying Hawaiian, it wasn’t an “in” thing to do. I enrolled in my first Hawaiian language class at the University of Hawai‘i at MÅnoa in the fall of 1963, and took four years of Hawaiian from Kalani Meinecke (first year), Pua Hopkins (sec- ond year) and Dorothy Kahananui (third and fourth years). Studying Hawaiian before it became popular, before the period described by Hawaiian scholar George Kanahele as the “Hawaiian Renaissance” of the 1970s, I was often asked why I was doing it, or what I was going to do with it, as if it wasn’t possible to study some- thing just for the sake of learning. I wasn’t planning to be a teacher, so for some it seemed a useless subject to study. Of course I didn’t think it was useless because it was my language and culture, and the language and culture of my ancestors. Although I am ethnically Hawaiian, up to that point, I didn’t speak Hawaiian, so I thought that studying the language would add to my knowledge of my Hawaiian heritage. I have been teaching, studying, and working in the area of Hawaiian language and culture since 1961, and have had the good fortune of knowing some very special people, people whose work is often cited in research papers, and people considered pioneers in their fields. Perhaps the most out- standing of them all is Mary Kawena Pukui. She was truly the most knowledge- able Hawaiian individual I ever knew. Her knowledge was phenomenal, her demeanor gentle and patient, and her pride in her people so deep and enduring. When I was asked to write about her, I consented In the Bishop Museum Workshop, we studied because I wanted others to know what she was Hawaiian culture, and made Hawaiian materials like—not just the scholar, but the extraordinary such as kapa dyes, kØnane game boards, pala individual that she was. ‘ie, and various other Hawaiian cultural imple- ments. Our classroom was at Bishop Hall on the The first time I remember hearing or seeing the Bishop Museum grounds. As juniors we were name Mary Kawena Pukui was when I was in there three days a week, and as seniors we trav- the 10th grade at the Kamehameha School for eled to the museum everyday on a little bus. Girls, as she provided the English translations Besides studying about Hawaiian culture, we for the Hawaiian songs that were sung in the were able to exhibit our understanding of what school’s annual Song Contest. I had never heard we learned because we took school children on of her before then, but I would learn much more tours of the museum galleries and explained the about and from that remarkable Hawaiian various displays to them. Dr. Donald Mitchell woman. was our teacher, and a great admirer of Kawena’s. Although she had already retired by I entered Kamehameha in 1960 and at that time the time I was at the museum, Dr. Mitchell was the boys and girls were still separated, with the always very excited whenever he saw her and Kamehameha School for Boys located at the would point her out to us. I was curious to see lower high school campus, and the Girls’ School what she looked like because she was a celebri- located at the top of the campus on KapÅlama ty to me, having written the Hawaiian Diction- Heights. At that time, all classes were segregat- ary, The Polynesian Family System in Ka‘Ë, ed by gender except advanced math, science, Hawai‘i and numerous other articles and stories and low-enrollment classes, as combining the pertaining to Hawai‘i and Hawaiian culture. I few students from both campuses rather than knew her name, but had no idea what she having two similar low-enrolled classes on each looked like. My recollection of her at the muse- campus made better use of resources (The cam- um is of a little old lady with white hair sitting pus became co-ed in 1965). There were about in a car, whose head barely peeked above the 250 students in our class, the class of 1963, who door; I remember thinking how wonderful it was, incidentally, the last class to graduate “on would be to know her. the hill,” as the Neal S. Blaisdell Center was nearing completion and the subsequent I don’t remember the first time I was formally Kamehameha graduations were held there. I introduced to Kawena, although it was probably entered Kamehameha in the tenth grade. At that after graduation from high school. My affilia- time, students were tracked into college prep, tion with the Bishop Museum continued after business, or vocational programs. Because I had graduation from high school and college. I taken it upon myself to choose typing instead of worked in the Anthropology Department with algebra in the ninth grade at my school in Kawena’s daughter Pat Namaka Bacon, and Kahuku and also lacked a foreign language, I because we both lived in MÅnoa, we rode to and was not placed in one of the college prep tracks. from work together. It was during this period Instead, I had to choose between a clerical/busi- that I got to know Kawena well, as I saw her ness or a vocational program. The vocational almost daily. I enjoyed visiting with her, choices were library science, book binding, although I never “picked her brain” for informa- printing (Kamehameha had its own print shop tion as many friends said I should have. I and bindery then), and Bishop Museum thought it would be maha‘oi to constantly grill Workshop. Because of my interest in things her for information, but as I got to know her Hawaiian, I chose the Bishop Museum better, I realized how willing she was to share Workshop. information about anything Hawaiian. I was treated like a member of the family, and even called her “Grandma” like everyone else in the in Ka‘Ë, going to school and being punished for household. We spent many hours sitting in the speaking Hawaiian, her work at the camouflage living room, she on her koa rocker, often work- unit during WWII, and her work at the Bishop ing on some crocheting or embroidery, and I Museum where she went “in the field” inter- taking notes while we chatted about Hawaiian viewing Hawaiian native informants. Kawena culture, history, ‘Ølelo no‘eau, values, people, spoke lovingly of her haole father who allowed and genealogy. I marveled at the depth and her maternal grandmother to hÅnai her and raise breadth of her knowledge. She was a fascinating her in Ka‘Ë where she passed on valuable infor- individual. She had such a thirst for knowledge mation and experiences to her. She spoke of her and was interested in any topic imaginable. time at Kawaiaha‘o Seminary, which became When she heard people talking about things she Mills Seminary, then Mid-Pacific Institute, and knew nothing about, she inquired about them. how she was punished when she had to explain The Bacon-Pukui home was a gathering place something in Hawaiian to a Hawaiian girl who of many interesting people, such as scholars of could only speak Hawaiian. For this “offense,” language and culture from all over the world she was detained on campus for the weekend. and East-West Center grantees, as George and When speaking about her work interviewing Pat were a host family. One time a group of native informants, or asked about a particular Australian Aborigines came with their dijuri- cultural trait, she always qualified her writing or doos and fascinated us all with their playing and discussions by saying that that was what they their explanation of their performance. A great did in Ka‘Ë, although she also interviewed peo- number of people were made welcome at this ple from Hawai‘i to Ni‘ihau, so her knowledge warm haven of love, La‘i Aloha. La‘i Aloha is went beyond Ka‘Ë. Whenever she did relay the name of the Pukui and Bacon residence. The information she learned from people on other name means a place of solitude or peacefulness islands, if she remembered the source she men- and love, an accurate description of the home. tioned it. When Kawena knew she was going to talk Kawena never tried to speak for all Hawaiians. about something that I should take notes on, she She was a very humble individual and never would tell me to get a pencil and paper out and placed herself above others as far as being an then begin telling me about an ‘Ølelo no‘eau, an authority on the Hawaiian language or culture. unusual name, a point of Hawaiian history or She just recorded what she knew and translated anything that suited her fancy. I was the listener material she was asked to translate, as well as and note taker and enjoyed every moment. things she found interesting or which would be of interest or importance to others. One of the outstanding things about Kawena was her love of writing and recording of infor- Kawena was not always as revered as she is mation every single day.
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