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Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962: Industrial Fasteners, Machine Tools and Beyond David D
Maryland Journal of International Law Volume 10 | Issue 1 Article 4 Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962: Industrial Fasteners, Machine Tools and Beyond David D. Knoll Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mjil Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation David D. Knoll, Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962: Industrial Fasteners, Machine Tools and Beyond, 10 Md. J. Int'l L. 55 (1986). Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mjil/vol10/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maryland Journal of International Law by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SECTION 232 OF THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT OF 1962: INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS, MACHINE TOOLS AND BEYOND By DAVID D. KNOLL B.Com., LL.B University of New South Wales; LL.M University of Michigan; Attorney, Solicitor and Proctor of the Supreme Court of New South Wales; Associate with Jones, Day, Reavis and Pogue, Cleveland, Ohio. I. THE NEED FOR IMPORT CONTROLS AND NATIONAL SE- CURITY IN UNITED STATES LAW ....................... 55 II. THE NEED FOR IMPORT CONTROL PURSUANT TO SECTION 232 OF THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT ................... 56 A . Legislative H istory ............................ 56 B. Deterrence, Security and Free Trade in the 1980s . 59 III. G.A.T.T. IMPLICATIONS OF SECTION 232 .............. 60 IV. DEFINITIONAL ISSUES FOR A SECTION 232 INVESTIGATION 61 V. THE PROCESS OF A SECTION 232 INVESTIGATION ....... 64 VI. -
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and Its Role in U.S
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and Its Role in U.S. Trade Policy J. F. Hornbeck Specialist in International Trade and Finance August 5, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41922 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and Its Role in U.S. Trade Policy Summary Congress created Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) in the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to help workers and firms adjust to dislocation that may be caused by increased trade liberalization. It is justified now, as it was then, on grounds that the government has an obligation to help the “losers” of policy-driven trade opening. TAA is also presented as an alternative to policies that would restrict imports, and so provides assistance while bolstering freer trade and diminishing prospects for potentially costly tension (retaliation) among trade partners. As in the past, critics strongly debate the merits of TAA on equity, efficiency, and budgetary grounds. Nonetheless, finding agreement on TAA remains important for forging a compromise on national trade policy. TAA program authorizations are scheduled to expire on December 31, 2013. The Trade Adjustment Assistance Extension Act of 2013 (S. 1357) was introduced in the 113th Congress. It would extend TAA programs through 2020. President Obama also supports TAA reauthorization, linking it to renewal of Trade Promotion Authority (TPA), which Congress may also take up this year. This report discusses the role of TAA in U.S. trade policy from its inception as a legislative option in the early 1950s to its core role as a cornerstone of modern trade policy that many argue has served to promote the long-term U.S. -
2016 Year in Review
The Gambit Nebraska State Chess Archives Nebraska State Chess 2016 The Year in Review. XABCDEFGHY 8Q+-+-mK-mk( 7+-+-+-+-' 6L+-sn-+-+& 5+-+-+-sN-% 4-+-+-+-+$ 3+-+-+n+-# 2-+-+-+-+" 1+-+-+-+-! xabcdefghy White to play & mate in 2 moves. (Composed by Bob Woodworth) Hint: After White’s keymove & depending on Black’s reply, find all of the ‘long-distance’ checkmates. Gambit Editor- Kent Nelson The Gambit serves as the official publication of the Nebraska State Chess Association and is published by the Lincoln Chess Foundation. Send all games, articles, and editorial materials to: Kent Nelson 4014 “N” St Lincoln, NE 68510 [email protected] NSCA Officers President John Hartmann Treasurer Lucy Ruf Historical Archivist Bob Woodworth Secretary Gnanasekar Arputhaswamy Webmaster Kent Smotherman Regional VPs NSCA Committee Members Vice President-Lincoln- John Linscott Vice President-Omaha- Michael Gooch Vice President (Western) Letter from NSCA President John Hartmann January 2017 Hello friends! Our beloved game finds itself at something of a crossroads here in Nebraska. On the one hand, there is much to look forward to. We have a full calendar of scholastic events coming up this spring and a slew of promising juniors to steal our rating points. We have more and better adult players playing rated chess. If you’re reading this, we probably (finally) have a functional website. And after a precarious few weeks, the Spence Chess Club here in Omaha seems to have found a new home. And yet, there is also cause for concern. It’s not clear that we will be able to have tournaments at UNO in the future. -
Trade War, PPE, and Race
Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy Volume 16 Issue 2 Spring Article 2 Spring 4-17-2021 Trade War, PPE, and Race Ernesto A. Hernandez-Lopez Chapman Univ. School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njlsp Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, Health Law and Policy Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Law and Race Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Other Public Health Commons Recommended Citation Ernesto A. Hernandez-Lopez, Trade War, PPE, and Race, 16 NW. J. L. & SOC. POL'Y. 43 (2021). https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njlsp/vol16/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy by an authorized editor of Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Scholarly Commons. Copyright 2021 by Ernesto Hernández-López Volume 16 (Spring 2021) Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy Trade War, PPE, and Race Ernesto Hernández-López* ABSTRACT Tariffs on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as face masks and gloves, weaken the American response to COVID. The United States has exacerbated PPE shortages with Section 301 tariffs on these goods, part of a trade war with China. This has a disparate impact felt by minority communities because of a series of health inequity harms. COVID’s racial disparity appears in virus exposure, virus susceptibility, and COVID treatments. This Article makes legal, policy, and race-and-health arguments. Congress has delegated to the United States Trade Representative expansive authority to increase tariffs. -
The Queen's Gambit
01-01 Cover - April 2021_Layout 1 16/03/2021 13:03 Page 1 03-03 Contents_Chess mag - 21_6_10 18/03/2021 11:45 Page 3 Chess Contents Founding Editor: B.H. Wood, OBE. M.Sc † Editorial....................................................................................................................4 Executive Editor: Malcolm Pein Malcolm Pein on the latest developments in the game Editors: Richard Palliser, Matt Read Associate Editor: John Saunders 60 Seconds with...Geert van der Velde.....................................................7 Subscriptions Manager: Paul Harrington We catch up with the Play Magnus Group’s VP of Content Chess Magazine (ISSN 0964-6221) is published by: A Tale of Two Players.........................................................................................8 Chess & Bridge Ltd, 44 Baker St, London, W1U 7RT Wesley So shone while Carlsen struggled at the Opera Euro Rapid Tel: 020 7486 7015 Anish Giri: Choker or Joker?........................................................................14 Email: [email protected], Website: www.chess.co.uk Danny Gormally discusses if the Dutch no.1 was just unlucky at Wijk Twitter: @CHESS_Magazine How Good is Your Chess?..............................................................................18 Twitter: @TelegraphChess - Malcolm Pein Daniel King also takes a look at the play of Anish Giri Twitter: @chessandbridge The Other Saga ..................................................................................................22 Subscription Rates: John Henderson very much -
UAW Special Projects Department Records
UAW Special Projects Department Collection Records, 1945-1973 107 linear feet Accession #646 DALNET # OCLC # In 1957 the UAW created the position of Director of Special Projects and Economic Analysis for Nat Weinberg, who had headed the UAW Research Department since 1947, and he held that position until his retirement in 1974. The UAW Special Projects Department was established as part of the President’s Office and was responsible for advising the president and developing, often within a global framework, program and policy proposals and actions in the economic and collective bargaining fields and in other areas designated by the president. As Special Projects director, Weinberg helped to create innovative programs like the Supplemental Unemployment Benefits (SUB) plan and cost-of-living adjustments. Additional papers related to the files of the UAW Special Projects Department may be found in the Nat Weinberg Collection. The UAW Special Projects and Economic Analysis Department Collection consists of research material, notes, correspondence, minutes, testimony, speeches, press releases, clippings and other published material related to the department’s research, advisory, and speech writing roles as well as to Nat Weinberg’s service as consultant, trustee, or member of numerous organizations and agencies. Important correspondents in the collection: Gardner Ackley Olga Madar Ken Bannon Norman Matthews Jack Barbash Emil Mazey Irving Bluestone Tom Mboya Arthur Burns George Meany George Burt Seymour Melman Bill Casstevens George Merrelli Harry Chester William Milliken Carrol Coburn Donald Montgomery Barry Commoner Ken Morris Jack Conway Ralph Nader Nelson Jack Edwards Joe Rauh Dwight D. Eisenhower Victor G. Reuther Henry Ford II Walter P. -
Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974: Origin, Evolution, and Use
Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974: Origin, Evolution, and Use Updated December 14, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46604 SUMMARY R46604 Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974: Origin, December 14, 2020 Evolution, and Use Andres B. Schwarzenberg Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 grants the Office of the United States Trade Representative Analyst in International (USTR) a range of responsibilities and authorities to investigate and take action to enforce U.S. Trade and Finance rights under trade agreements and respond to certain foreign trade practices. From the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations in 1994, which resulted in the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, until the start of the Trump Administration, the United States used Section 301 authorities primarily to build cases and pursue dispute settlement at the WTO. The Trump Administration has shown more willingness to go outside of the WTO to act unilaterally under these authorities to promote what the Administration touts as “free,” “fair,” and “reciprocal” trade. The Trump Administration’s use of Section 301 to impose tariffs as punitive measures has been the subject of congressional and broader international debate, and some in Congress have raised a number of questions regarding USTR’s actions, including the scope of USTR’s authorities, the types of trade actions allowed, and the tariff exclusion process. The Trump Administration has attributed its use of Section 301 to impose tariffs as punitive measures to its determination to close a large and persistent gap between U.S. -
Putting the Corporation in Its Place
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PUTTING THE CORPORATION IN ITS PLACE Timothy Guinnane Ron Harris Naomi R. Lamoreaux Jean-Laurent Rosenthal Working Paper 13109 http://www.nber.org/papers/w13109 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 May 2007 We thank Svetlana Alkayeva, Ofira Alon, Juan-Francisco Aveleyra, Christopher Cook, Sarah Cullem, Olga Frishman, Theresa Gutberlet, Adam Hofri, Alena Laptiovna, Maria Polyakova, Itai Rabinowitz, Olga Sedjakina, Sarah Shen, Yvonne Taylor, and Eyal Yaacoby for their excellent research assistance. We are grateful for the financial support of the McMillan International Studies Center and the Millstein Center for Corporate Governance and Performance at Yale University, the International Institute and the Dean of Social Science at UCLA, the UCLA Academic Senate, and the Israel Science Foundation. For comments and suggestions we thank Gary Herrigel, Leslie Hannah, Henry Hansmann, Eric Hilt, Timur Kuran, Jonathan Macey, Roberta Romano, Otto Scherner, Kenneth Sokoloff, Jochen Streb, and two anonymous referees, as well as participants in the 2006 SITE Conference on "Risk, Contracts and Organizations," the XIVth World Economic History Congress in Helsinki, the Paris School of Economics Conference on "Not Just Firms: History, Law, and Economics," and seminars at the Harvard Business School, Haifa University Law School, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Paris School of Economics, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institute für Wirtschaftsforschung, Tel Aviv University Law School, University of British Columbia, University of Mannheim, UCLA's Anderson School and International Institute, and Yale Law School. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. -
The Effect of Imports of Aluminum on the National Security
THE EFFECT OF IMPORTS OF ALUMINUM ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY AN INVESTIGATION CONDUCTED UNDER SECTION 232 OF THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT OF 1962, AS AMENDED U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Industry and Security Office of Technology Evaluation January 17, 2018 THE EFFECT OF IMPORTS OF ALUMINUM ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY AN INVESTIGATION CONDUCTED UNDER SECTION 232 OF THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT OF 1962, AS AMENDED January 17, 2018 PREPARED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THIS REPORT, CONTACT: Erika Maynard, Special Projects Manager, (202) 482-5572 Karen Swasey, Senior Industry Analyst, (630) 705-7014 Mark Crawford, Senior Trade and Industry Analyst, (202) 482-8239 David Boylan-Kolchin, Trade and Industry Analyst, (202) 482-7816 Lena Richenberg, Research Fellow, (202) 482-4757 Kimberly Kruse, Project Manager IV, (202) 482-4757 Brad Botwin, (202) 482-4060 Director, Industrial Studies [email protected] Fax: (202) 482-5361 For more information about the Office of Technology Evaluation and the Section 232 Investigations, please visit: http://www.bis.doc.gov/232 Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 1 A. Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 1 B. Findings ................................................................................................................................................ -
Fischer Notches Another
FISCHER NOTCHES ANOTHER * (See p. 235) I >:;: UNITED STATES Volume XVJ1l Numher 10 Oclober, 1963 EDITOR: J . F. Reinhardt - U. S. Championship Starts Dec. 15 The 1963-64 United States Championship will be played in New York City from CHESS FEDERATION Sunday, December 15 through ThUt'sday, January 2. As last year, the tournament l' ite will be the Henry Hudson Hotel, 353 W. 57th St. Sunday rounds will be played at 2 p.m.; weekday rounds at 7 p.m.; Saturday rounds at 7:30 p.m. PRESIDENT As we go to press, Bobby Fischer has announced that he wilt defend his title. Major Edmund B. Edmondson, Jr. Others who have accepted invitations to play are Samuel Reshevsky, Donald Byrne, Rohert Byrne, Larry Evans, Pal Benko, and Dr. Anthony Saidy. VICE·PRESIDENT Unfortunately, U. S. Open Champion William L.ombardy will again be unable to David Hoffmann pluy in the event because of his studies. REGIONAL VICE·PRESIDENTS Further details of the U. S. Championsbip...-.including the complete schedule NEW ENGLAND Ell Bourdon will appear in our next issue. Jam.es Burgess Stanley King EASTERN Open Crosstable In Next Issue MID·ATLANTIC Fred Towruend Since we wanted to get the full minutes of the Chicago Business Meetings on George Thomas record as soon as possible, and since this iss ue contains an extra Rating Supplement, William S. Byland we have had to defer running the full crosstable of the record·breaking U. S. Open SOUTHERN Dr. Stuart KOhlln IIntil our November issue. We're sorry for the delay but- even though this is a 32- Jerry Sullivan Dr. -
American Journal of Play, Volume 4, Number 3 Book Review 1
Book Reviews Counterplay: An Anthropologist surprising cross-cultural analogies and at the Chessboard comparisons. One comes to understand Robert Desjarlais that in this book, as in the Taimonov and Berkeley, CA: University of California in chess itself, much is possible. Press, 2011. Illustrations, appentices, In the opening chapter, called “Blitz- glossary, notes, bibliography, index. 251 krieg Bop,” Desjarlais introduces readers to pp. $50.00 cloth. ISBN: 9780520267398 his study as an example of the anthropol- ogy of passion, or of obsession, the two are In his recent book on chess, anthropolo- not easily distinguishable. Then in chapter gist Robert Desjarlais, himself an expert 2, “Notes on a Swindle,” Desjarlais treats player, speaks of how he tired of the his match with Mr. Grechikhin—a mas- regular “repeating geometries” Svesh- ter-level Russian immigrant and regular at nikov defense, a chess opening, and turns their chess club in Manhattan—as a proto- instead to another: “This time, though, I typical example of how chess can become hooked up with the Taimonov Sicilian, a “exquisite violence” between competi- dependable, shape-shifting mesh of coun- tive “weekend warriors.” In “Psych-Out” ter-attacking strategies. The Taimonov’s (chapter 3), the author explores players’ ways in the world, its sinuous forms and emotional involvement in chess, the way possibilities, fitted well with my own pre- they put their egos on the line and struggle dilections” (p. 100). to improve their ratings and to advance in Counterplay: An Anthropologist at the the game’s skill-based social hierarchies. In Chess Board reminds me of the Taimonov. -
A Beginner's Guide to Coaching Scholastic Chess
A Beginner’s Guide To Coaching Scholastic Chess by Ralph E. Bowman Copyright © 2006 Foreword I started playing tournament Chess in 1962. I became an educator and began coaching Scholastic Chess in 1970. I became a tournament director and organizer in 1982. In 1987 I was appointed to the USCF Scholastic Committee and have served each year since, for seven of those years I served as chairperson or co-chairperson. With that experience I have had many beginning coaches/parents approach me with questions about coaching this wonderful game. What is contained in this book is a compilation of the answers to those questions. This book is designed with three types of persons in mind: 1) a teacher who has been asked to sponsor a Chess team, 2) parents who want to start a team at the school for their child and his/her friends, and 3) a Chess player who wants to help a local school but has no experience in either Scholastic Chess or working with schools. Much of the book is composed of handouts I have given to students and coaches over the years. I have coached over 600 Chess players who joined the team knowing only the basics. The purpose of this book is to help you to coach that type of beginning player. What is contained herein is a summary of how I run my practices and what I do with beginning players to help them enjoy Chess. This information is not intended as the one and only method of coaching. In all of my college education classes there was only one thing that I learned that I have actually been able to use in each of those years of teaching.