Glossary of Chess
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How to Play Chess
EVERYMAN CHESS Vladimir Vukovic One of the finest chess books ever written, the Art of Attack has been transcribed into algebraic notation for the first time. In this revised edition of the great classic, the author expounds both the basic principles and the most complex forms of attack on the king, A study of this masterpiece will ado power and bnlliance to any chess enthusiast s play EVERYMAN CHESS www.everymanchess.com published In the UK by Gloucester Publishers pic distributed in the US by the Globe Peouot Press Contents Symbols 4 Preface by John Nunn 5 Introduction 6 1 The attack against the uncastled king 14 2 The attack on the king that has lost the right to castle 28 3 On castling and attacking the castled position in general 51 4 Mating patterns 66 5 Focal-points 80 6 The classic bishop sacrifice 121 7 Ranks, files, and diagonals in the attack on the castled king 142 8 Pieces and pawns in the attack on the castled king 183 9 The attack on the fianchettoed and queenside castling positions 231 10 Defending against the attack on the castled king 247 1 1 The phases of the attack on the castled king 293 12 The attack on the king as an integral part of the game 334 Index of Players 350 Index of Openings 352 Symbols + check # checkmate x capture ! ! brilliant move ! good move !? interesting move ?! dubious move ? bad move ?? blunder Ch championship Ct candidates event OL olympiad 1-0 the game ends in a win for White V2 -V2 the game ends in a draw 0- 1 the game ends in a win for Black (n) nth match game ( D) see next diagram Preface by John Nunn Attacking the enemy king is one of the most exciting parts of chess, but it is also one of the hardest to play accurately. -
1999/6 Layout
Virginia Chess Newsletter 1999 - #6 1 The Chesapeake Challenge Cup is a rotating club team trophy that grew out of an informal rivalry between two Maryland clubs a couple years ago. Since Chesapeake then the competition has opened up and the Arlington Chess Club captured the cup from the Fort Meade Chess Armory on October 15, 1999, defeating the 1 1 Challenge Cup erstwhile cup holders 6 ⁄2-5 ⁄2. The format for the Chesapeake Cup is still evolving but in principle the idea is that a defense should occur about once every six months, and any team from the “Chesapeake Bay drainage basin” is eligible to issue a challenge. “Choosing the challenger is a rather informal process,” explained Kurt Eschbach, one of the Chesapeake Cup's founding fathers. “Whoever speaks up first with a credible bid gets to challenge, except that we will give preference to a club that has never played for the Cup over one that has already played.” To further encourage broad participation, the match format calls for each team to field players of varying strength. The basic formula stipulates a 12-board match between teams composed of two Masters (no limit), two Expert, and two each from classes A, B, C & D. The defending team hosts the match and plays White on odd-numbered boards. It is possible that a particular challenge could include additional type boards (juniors, seniors, women, etc) by mutual agreement between the clubs. Clubs interested in coming to Arlington around April, 2000 to try to wrest away the Chesapeake Cup should call Dan Fuson at (703) 532-0192 or write him at 2834 Rosemary Ln, Falls Church VA 22042. -
Little Chess Evaluation Compendium by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, Sofia, Bulgaria
Little Chess Evaluation Compendium By Lyudmil Tsvetkov, Sofia, Bulgaria Version from 2012, an update to an original version first released in 2010 The purpose will be to give a fairly precise evaluation for all the most important terms. Some authors might find some interesting ideas. For abbreviations, p will mean pawns, cp – centipawns, if the number is not indicated it will be centipawns, mps - millipawns; b – bishop, n – knight, k- king, q – queen and r –rook. Also b will mean black and w – white. We will assume that the bishop value is 3ps, knight value – 3ps, rook value – 4.5 ps and queen value – 9ps. In brackets I will be giving purely speculative numbers for possible Elo increase if a specific function is implemented (only for the functions that might not be generally implemented). The exposition will be split in 3 parts, reflecting that opening, middlegame and endgame are very different from one another. The essence of chess in two words Chess is a game of capturing. This is the single most important thing worth considering. But in order to be able to capture well, you should consider a variety of other specific rules. The more rules you consider, the better you will be able to capture. If you consider 10 rules, you will be able to capture. If you consider 100 rules, you will be able to capture in a sufficiently good way. If you consider 1000 rules, you will be able to capture in an excellent way. The philosophy of chess Chess is a game of correlation, and not a game of fixed values. -
2009 U.S. Tournament.Our.Beginnings
Chess Club and Scholastic Center of Saint Louis Presents the 2009 U.S. Championship Saint Louis, Missouri May 7-17, 2009 History of U.S. Championship “pride and soul of chess,” Paul It has also been a truly national Morphy, was only the fourth true championship. For many years No series of tournaments or chess tournament ever held in the the title tournament was identi- matches enjoys the same rich, world. fied with New York. But it has turbulent history as that of the also been held in towns as small United States Chess Championship. In its first century and a half plus, as South Fallsburg, New York, It is in many ways unique – and, up the United States Championship Mentor, Ohio, and Greenville, to recently, unappreciated. has provided all kinds of entertain- Pennsylvania. ment. It has introduced new In Europe and elsewhere, the idea heroes exactly one hundred years Fans have witnessed of choosing a national champion apart in Paul Morphy (1857) and championship play in Boston, and came slowly. The first Russian Bobby Fischer (1957) and honored Las Vegas, Baltimore and Los championship tournament, for remarkable veterans such as Angeles, Lexington, Kentucky, example, was held in 1889. The Sammy Reshevsky in his late 60s. and El Paso, Texas. The title has Germans did not get around to There have been stunning upsets been decided in sites as varied naming a champion until 1879. (Arnold Denker in 1944 and John as the Sazerac Coffee House in The first official Hungarian champi- Grefe in 1973) and marvelous 1845 to the Cincinnati Literary onship occurred in 1906, and the achievements (Fischer’s winning Club, the Automobile Club of first Dutch, three years later. -
I Make This Pledge to You Alone, the Castle Walls Protect Our Back That I Shall Serve Your Royal Throne
AMERA M. ANDERSEN Battlefield of Life “I make this pledge to you alone, The castle walls protect our back that I shall serve your royal throne. and Bishops plan for their attack; My silver sword, I gladly wield. a master plan that is concealed. Squares eight times eight the battlefield. Squares eight times eight the battlefield. With knights upon their mighty steed For chess is but a game of life the front line pawns have vowed to bleed and I your Queen, a loving wife and neither Queen shall ever yield. shall guard my liege and raise my shield Squares eight times eight the battlefield. Squares eight time eight the battlefield.” Apathy Checkmate I set my moves up strategically, enemy kings are taken easily Knights move four spaces, in place of bishops east of me Communicate with pawns on a telepathic frequency Smash knights with mics in militant mental fights, it seems to be An everlasting battle on the 64-block geometric metal battlefield The sword of my rook, will shatter your feeble battle shield I witness a bishop that’ll wield his mystic sword And slaughter every player who inhabits my chessboard Knight to Queen’s three, I slice through MCs Seize the rook’s towers and the bishop’s ministries VISWANATHAN ANAND “Confidence is very important—even pretending to be confident. If you make a mistake but do not let your opponent see what you are thinking, then he may overlook the mistake.” Public Enemy Rebel Without A Pause No matter what the name we’re all the same Pieces in one big chess game GERALD ABRAHAMS “One way of looking at chess development is to regard it as a fight for freedom. -
American Chess-Nuts
AMERICAN CHESS-NUTS A COLLECTION OF PROBLEMS BY COMPOSERS OF THE WESTERN WORLD. EDITED BY E. B. COOK, W. R. HENRY, AND C. A. GILBERG. [ 1868 ] “Sweetest nut hath sourest rind.” An Electronic Edition Anders Thulin, Malmö · preliminary version AMERICAN CHESS-NUTS INTRODUCTION he most appropriate prelude to an opening of the Nuts, seems to be an account of how these leaves have grown and borne their fruit. T In February, 1859, the writer received a very interesting anonymous letter, calculated to excite the desire of becoming better acquainted with its author. “I do not know,” said the unknown, “whether you are a collector of Chess Curiosities. I hope you are not. And yet, I inconsis- tently enclose title and specimen pages of a Chess book that was neither printed nor published, and of which the only copy is to be found in my Chess library (eighty volumes, with prospects of a speedy increase to one hundred and thirty—all modern works of practical value.) This work is intended to consist of a pretty complete collection of such problems as have appeared in newspapers, etc. It now contains about four thousand positions; but whether I shall have the patience to make any great addition to this number, I cannot undertake to say, although my notation is concise enough to enable me to copy in one evening sometimes as many as a hundred problems and their solutions.” The title page referred to was in print, and read : “Chess-Nuts; a Collection of Problems and End Games.” In the Correspondence of the Problem Department of the Chess Monthly was inserted a notice to “Cryptograph, New York,” in which he was told that the writer “would be delighted to see —— at his residence.” This led to a second missive, signed by the real name of the mysterious correspondent. -
IVAN II Operating Manual Model 712
IVAN II Operating Manual Model 712 Congratulations on your purchase of Excalibur Electronics’ IVAN! You’ve purchased both your own personal chess trainer and a partner who’s always ready for a game—and who can improve as you do! Talking and audio sounds add anoth- Play a Game Right Away er dimension to your IVAN computer for After you have installed the batteries, the increased enjoyment and play value. display will show the chess board with all the pieces on their starting squares. Place Find the Pieces the plastic chess pieces on their start Turn Ivan over carefully with his chess- squares using the LCD screen as a guide. board facedown. Find the door marked The dot-matrix display will show “PIECE COMPARTMENT DOOR”. 01CHESS. This indicates you are at the Open it and remove the chess pieces. first move of the game and ready to play Replace the door and set the pieces aside chess. for now. Unless you instruct it otherwise, IVAN gives you the White pieces—the ones at Install the Batteries the bottom of the board. White always With Ivan facedown, find the door moves first. You’re ready to play! marked “BATTERY DOOR’. Open it and insert four (4) fresh, alkaline AA batteries Making your move in the battery holder. Note the arrange- Besides deciding on a good move, you ment of the batteries called for by the dia- have to move the piece in a way that Ivan gram in the holder. Make sure that the will recognize what's been played. Think positive tip of each battery matches up of communicating your move as a two- with the + sign in the battery compart- step process--registering the FROM ment so that polarity will be correct. -
ENDING the ENERGY STALEMATE a Bipartisan Strategy to Meet America’S Energy Challenges
ENDING THE ENERGY STALEMATE A Bipartisan Strategy to Meet America’s Energy Challenges THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON ENERGY POLICY December 2004 Cover: U.S. Government Satellite Images: Western Hemisphere at Night ENDING THE ENERGY STALEMATE A Bipartisan Strategy to Meet America’s Energy Challenges THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON ENERGY POLICY December 2004 www.energycommission.org PREAMBLE This report is a product of a bipartisan Commission of 16 members of diverse expertise and affiliations, addressing many complex and contentious topics. It is inevitable that arriving at a consensus document in these circumstances entailed innumerable compromises. Accordingly, it should not be assumed that every member is entirely satisfied with every formulation in the report, or even that all of us would agree with any given recommendation if it were taken in isolation. Rather, we have reached consensus on the report and its recommendations as a package, which taken as a whole offers a balanced and comprehensive approach to the economic, national security, and environmental challenges that the energy issue presents to our nation. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The National Commission on Energy Policy was founded in 2002 by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and its partners: The Pew Charitable Trusts, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the Energy Foundation. The Commission would like to express its sincere appreciation for the Hewlett Foundation’s vision and the strong support of its partners. The Commission would also like to thank the following Commissioner representatives for their many contributions to the Commission’s ongoing work and to this report: Gordon Binder, Principal, Aqua International Partners; Kelly Sims Gallagher, Director, Energy Technology Innovation Project, Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs, Harvard University; Marianne S. -
The Evects of Time Pressure on Chess Skill: an Investigation Into Fast and Slow Processes Underlying Expert Performance
Psychological Research (2007) 71:591–597 DOI 10.1007/s00426-006-0076-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The eVects of time pressure on chess skill: an investigation into fast and slow processes underlying expert performance Frenk van Harreveld · Eric-Jan Wagenmakers · Han L. J. van der Maas Received: 28 November 2005 / Accepted: 3 July 2006 / Published online: 22 December 2006 © Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract The ability to play chess is generally Introduction assumed to depend on two types of processes: slow processes such as search, and fast processes such as One of the important challenges for cognitive science is pattern recognition. It has been argued that an increase to shed light on the processes that underlie expert in time pressure during a game selectively hinders the decision making. Across a wide range of Welds such as ability to engage in slow processes. Here we study the medical decision making and engineering, it has been eVect of time pressure on expert chess performance in shown that expertise involves both slow processes order to test the hypothesis that compared to weak such as selective search and fast processes such as the players, strong players depend relatively heavily on recognition of meaningful patterns (e.g., Ericsson & fast processes. In the Wrst study we examine the perfor- Staszewski 1989). This distinction between fast and slow mance of players of various strengths at an online chess processes is very applicable to the game of chess and server, for games played under diVerent time controls. therefore research on chess is of considerable impor- In a second study we examine the eVect of time con- tance for the understanding of expert performance. -
Chess Openings
Chess Openings PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 09:50:30 UTC Contents Articles Overview 1 Chess opening 1 e4 Openings 25 King's Pawn Game 25 Open Game 29 Semi-Open Game 32 e4 Openings – King's Knight Openings 36 King's Knight Opening 36 Ruy Lopez 38 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation 57 Italian Game 60 Hungarian Defense 63 Two Knights Defense 65 Fried Liver Attack 71 Giuoco Piano 73 Evans Gambit 78 Italian Gambit 82 Irish Gambit 83 Jerome Gambit 85 Blackburne Shilling Gambit 88 Scotch Game 90 Ponziani Opening 96 Inverted Hungarian Opening 102 Konstantinopolsky Opening 104 Three Knights Opening 105 Four Knights Game 107 Halloween Gambit 111 Philidor Defence 115 Elephant Gambit 119 Damiano Defence 122 Greco Defence 125 Gunderam Defense 127 Latvian Gambit 129 Rousseau Gambit 133 Petrov's Defence 136 e4 Openings – Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation 159 Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation 163 Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon 169 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 9.Bc4 172 Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation 175 Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation 181 Chekhover Sicilian 185 Wing Gambit 187 Smith-Morra Gambit 189 e4 Openings – Other variations 192 Bishop's Opening 192 Portuguese Opening 198 King's Gambit 200 Fischer Defense 206 Falkbeer Countergambit 208 Rice Gambit 210 Center Game 212 Danish Gambit 214 Lopez Opening 218 Napoleon Opening 219 Parham Attack 221 Vienna Game 224 Frankenstein-Dracula Variation 228 Alapin's Opening 231 French Defence 232 Caro-Kann Defence 245 Pirc Defence 256 Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack 261 Balogh Defense 263 Scandinavian Defense 265 Nimzowitsch Defence 269 Alekhine's Defence 271 Modern Defense 279 Monkey's Bum 282 Owen's Defence 285 St. -
Aron Nimzowitsch My System & Chess Praxis
Aron Nimzowitsch My System & Chess Praxis Translated by Robert Sherwood New In Chess 2016 Contents Translator’s Preface............................................... 9 My System Foreword..................................................... 13 Part I – The Elements . 15 Chapter 1 The Center and Development...............................16 1. By development is to be under stood the strategic advance of the troops to the frontier line ..............................16 2. A pawn move must not in and of itself be regarded as a develo ping move but should be seen simply as an aid to develop ment ........................................16 3. The lead in development as the ideal to be sought ..........18 4. Exchanging with resulting gain of tempo.................18 5. Liquidation, with subsequent development or a subsequent liberation ..........................................20 6. The center and the furious rage to demobilize it ...........23 7. On pawn hunting in the opening ......................28 Chapter 2 Open Files .............................................31 1. Introduction and general remarks.......................31 2. The origin (genesis) of the open file ....................32 3. The ideal (ultimate purpose) of every operation along a file ..34 4. The possible obstacles in the way of a file operation ........35 5. The ‘restricted’ advance along one file for the purpose of relin quishing that file for another one, or the indirect utilization of a file. 38 6. The outpost .......................................39 Chapter 3 The Seventh and Eighth Ranks ..............................44 1. Introduction and general remarks. .44 2. The convergent and the revo lutionary attack upon the 7th rank. .44 3. The five special cases on the seventh rank . .47 Chapter 4 The Passed Pawn ........................................75 1. By way of orientation ...............................75 2. The blockade of passed pawns .........................77 3. -
No. 123 - (Vol.VIH)
No. 123 - (Vol.VIH) January 1997 Editorial Board editors John Roycrqfttf New Way Road, London, England NW9 6PL Edvande Gevel Binnen de Veste 36, 3811 PH Amersfoort, The Netherlands Spotlight-column: J. Heck, Neuer Weg 110, D-47803 Krefeld, Germany Opinions-column: A. Pallier, La Mouziniere, 85190 La Genetouze, France Treasurer: J. de Boer, Zevenenderdrffi 40, 1251 RC Laren, The Netherlands EDITORIAL achievement, recorded only in a scientific journal, "The chess study is close to the chess game was not widely noticed. It was left to the dis- because both study and game obey the same coveries by Ken Thompson of Bell Laboratories rules." This has long been an argument used to in New Jersey, beginning in 1983, to put the boot persuade players to look at studies. Most players m. prefer studies to problems anyway, and readily Aside from a few upsets to endgame theory, the give the affinity with the game as the reason for set of 'total information' 5-raan endgame their preference. Your editor has fought a long databases that Thompson generated over the next battle to maintain the literal truth of that ar- decade demonstrated that several other endings gument. It was one of several motivations in might require well over 50 moves to win. These writing the final chapter of Test Tube Chess discoveries arrived an the scene too fast for FIDE (1972), in which the Laws are separated into to cope with by listing exceptions - which was the BMR (Board+Men+Rules) elements, and G first expedient. Then in 1991 Lewis Stiller and (Game) elements, with studies firmly identified Noam Elkies using a Connection Machine with the BMR realm and not in the G realm.