Partisan Realignment and Decomposition: the Virginia Case
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The New Deal Coalition
THE NEW DEAL COALITION Chapter 12 Section 3 US History THE NEW DEAL COALITION • ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • MAIN IDEA – Roosevelt was easily reelected, but the New Deal lost momentum during his second term due to his court-packing plan and a new recession ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • Since the Civil War African American’s had voted Republican – Lincoln’s party • In the 1930s during the Depression, African American’s began to vote Democrat – Republican’s had not done enough to help African American’s during Depression – Campaign to change votes was lead by Robert L. Vann ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • Movement of African American’s was part of historical political realignment New Deal triggered – 1936 voters for democrats included white south, farmers, industrial workers, African Americans, ethnic minorities, women, new immigrants and progressives/intellectuals – Eleanor Roosevelt helped bring Women and African American’s to party ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • President appointed several African American’s to positions in his administrations – Became known as the Black Cabinet – Tried to get public works projects that included African Americans • FDR had similar policy with women – Appointed first woman to a cabinet post • Secretary of Labor “Frances Perkins” – Also appointed female diplomats and a female federal judge • But New Deal paid lower wages then men ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • The Election of 1936 – Republican’s nominated Alfred Landon (Governor of Kansas) to run against FDR – Landon like some New Deal but thought it was time for a change, did not convince voters – Roosevelt and New Deal remained very popular – Roosevelt won election in one of the largest landslides in American history • 60% of popular vote and go every state but Maine and Vermont ROOSEVELT’S SECOND TERM • The Court-Packing Plan – People supported the New Deal but not the Supreme Court – 1936, United States v. -
Chapter 18: Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1933-1939
Roosevelt and the New Deal 1933–1939 Why It Matters Unlike Herbert Hoover, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was willing to employ deficit spending and greater federal regulation to revive the depressed economy. In response to his requests, Congress passed a host of new programs. Millions of people received relief to alleviate their suffering, but the New Deal did not really end the Depression. It did, however, permanently expand the federal government’s role in providing basic security for citizens. The Impact Today Certain New Deal legislation still carries great importance in American social policy. • The Social Security Act still provides retirement benefits, aid to needy groups, and unemployment and disability insurance. • The National Labor Relations Act still protects the right of workers to unionize. • Safeguards were instituted to help prevent another devastating stock market crash. • The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation still protects bank deposits. The American Republic Since 1877 Video The Chapter 18 video, “Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal,” describes the personal and political challenges Franklin Roosevelt faced as president. 1928 1931 • Franklin Delano • The Empire State Building 1933 Roosevelt elected opens for business • Gold standard abandoned governor of New York • Federal Emergency Relief 1929 Act and Agricultural • Great Depression begins Adjustment Act passed ▲ ▲ Hoover F. Roosevelt ▲ 1929–1933 ▲ 1933–1945 1928 1931 1934 ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ 1930 1931 • Germany’s Nazi Party wins • German unemployment 1933 1928 107 seats in Reichstag reaches 5.6 million • Adolf Hitler appointed • Alexander Fleming German chancellor • Surrealist artist Salvador discovers penicillin Dali paints Persistence • Japan withdraws from of Memory League of Nations 550 In this Ben Shahn mural detail, New Deal planners (at right) design the town of Jersey Homesteads as a home for impoverished immigrants. -
Instant-Runoff Voting Is Likely Off Table For
INSIDE: Find our special ‘Years in Business’ inside this edition! NEW DULLES CAMPUS Give Your Child a Competitive Advantage On-Campus Classes 9 17 Five Days A Week FREE CLINIC REGION K4 -12th Grade MEDICAL HOOPS DIRECTOR TOURNEY 703-759-5100 WINS HONOR BEGINS www.FairfaxChristianSchool.com Sun Gazette ARLINGTON’S SOURCE FOR HOMETOWN NEWS SINCE 1935 VOLUME 86 NO. 9 FEBRUARY 11-17, 2021 Instant-Runoff Voting Is Likely Off Table for ‘21 Implementation Complexities Remain to Be Worked Through SCOTT McCAFFREY “ranked-choice” voting) for Sta Writer County Board races at either or both the primary and gen- Technical, legal and - eral-election levels. It would nancial complexities likely not impact any other elec- will mean any start to “in- tions in Arlington. stant-runoff” County Board While advocates for the voting in Arlington will be change feel condent County pushed back to 2022 at the Board members will imple- soonest. ment it, those board mem- “It’s not practical for this bers will likely have to weigh year. The earliest this could multiple factors in deciding Mrs. Mary Sheppard Lockett watches a drive-through parade of well-wishers saluting her 104th birthday from the possibly be used is next when, or even if, to move porch of her Green Valley home on Feb. 7. She was born on Feb. 7, 1917, and has lived in the Green Valley neighbor- year,” said Arlington Elec- ahead. hood since 1939. PHOTO BY SCOTT McCAFFREY toral Board secretary Scott “This is a County Board McGeary, summing things decision. We’re here to as- up during a Feb. -
A History of the Virginia Democratic Party, 1965-2015
A History of the Virginia Democratic Party, 1965-2015 A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation “with Honors Distinction in History” in the undergraduate colleges at The Ohio State University by Margaret Echols The Ohio State University May 2015 Project Advisor: Professor David L. Stebenne, Department of History 2 3 Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Mills Godwin, Linwood Holton, and the Rise of Two-Party Competition, 1965-1981 III. Democratic Resurgence in the Reagan Era, 1981-1993 IV. A Return to the Right, 1993-2001 V. Warner, Kaine, Bipartisanship, and Progressive Politics, 2001-2015 VI. Conclusions 4 I. Introduction Of all the American states, Virginia can lay claim to the most thorough control by an oligarchy. Political power has been closely held by a small group of leaders who, themselves and their predecessors, have subverted democratic institutions and deprived most Virginians of a voice in their government. The Commonwealth possesses the characteristics more akin to those of England at about the time of the Reform Bill of 1832 than to those of any other state of the present-day South. It is a political museum piece. Yet the little oligarchy that rules Virginia demonstrates a sense of honor, an aversion to open venality, a degree of sensitivity to public opinion, a concern for efficiency in administration, and, so long as it does not cost much, a feeling of social responsibility. - Southern Politics in State and Nation, V. O. Key, Jr., 19491 Thus did V. O. Key, Jr. so famously describe Virginia’s political landscape in 1949 in his revolutionary book Southern Politics in State and Nation. -
19. the New Deal Democrats: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Democratic Party
fdr4freedoms 1 19. The New Deal Democrats: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Democratic Party With Franklin D. Roosevelt at its helm, the Democratic Party underwent a historic transformation. Before FDR rose to national prominence in the early 1930s, the party had represented a loose conglomeration of local and regional interests. Dominated by the “solid South” that dated to post–Civil War Reconstruction, this group also included Great Plains and Western farmers influenced by the Populist and Progressive movements, as well as the burgeoning ethnic populations of the great cities of the North and East, where the “machine politics” epitomized by New York City’s Tammany Hall ruled the day. Above: A banner for Franklin D. Roosevelt over a pawnshop in This diverse assemblage did not adhere to a central Rosslyn, Virginia, September 1936. ideology or political philosophy, but was instead heavily In November, FDR would outdo his influenced by religious and geographical identities and electoral margins of 1932, winning all but two states and the highest interests. Democrats might be found on both sides of a percentage of electoral votes since variety of political issues. Ironically, the party was home to the virtually uncontested election both the new waves of heavily Catholic and Jewish immigrants of 1820. of the Northeast and the extremely anti-Catholic and nativist Left: A poster for Franklin D. Ku Klux Klan of the South. Roosevelt’s 1932 campaign for president, calling for “action” and The Republicans enjoyed significant support across a fairly “constructive leadership.” The Great wide spectrum of the American political landscape. That party Depression was so cataclysmic that was heavily favored by northern white Protestants, small and it created an appetite for change in America, helping FDR lead a large business interests, professional white-collar workers, historic shift in voting patterns. -
CHAPTER 33: the Great Depression and the New Deal Name: Period
CHAPTER 33: The Great Depression and the New Deal Name: Period: FDR: A Politician in a Wheelchair Know: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt 1. What kind of man was FDR? Presidential Hopefuls of 1932 2. What was Roosevelt's campaign message in the 1932 election? The Humiliation of Hoover in 1932 3. What were the immediate results of Roosevelt's victory? FDR and the Three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform Know: New Deal, Banking Holiday, Hundred Days, Three R's, 4. Describe the New Deal. Roosevelt Manages the Money Know: Fireside Chats, Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Managed Currency 5. What were the key aspects of FDR's monetary policy? Creating Jobs for the Jobless Know: Pump Priming, CCC, FERA, Harry Hopkins, AAA, HOLC, CWA 6. Explain the difference between New Deal agencies and what radical critics wanted the government to do. A Day for Every Demagogue Know: Father Charles Coughlin, Huey Long, Dr. Francis E. Townsend, WPA 7. List other historical demagogues. New Visibility for Women Know: Frances Perkins, Mary McLeod Bethune, Ruth Benedict, Margaret Mead, Pearl Buck 8. Explain the factors that made it possible for these women to gain fame. Helping Industry and Labor Know: NRA, Sick Chicken Decision, PWA, Harold Ickes 9. How did the NRA attempt to restore industry? Paying Farmers Not to Farm 10. How did the federal government attempt to help farmers? Dust Bowls and Black Blizzards Know: Dust Bowl, Okies and Arkies, The Grapes of Wrath, Indian Reorganization Act 11. How did nature cause problems for some farmers on the plains? Makers of America: The Dust Bowl Migrants Know: San Joaquin Valley, Farm Security Administration, Okievilles 12. -
Governmental Studies
the bulletin of the CENTER FOR IV Volume GOVERNMENTAL ı STUDIES 2001 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA Youth Leadership Initiative Brings Students Into The Political Fold In 2000 STUDENTS THROUGHOUT THE COMMONWEALTH PARTICIPATE IN DEBATES AND MOCK ELECTION STUDENTS ACROSS VIRGINIA Youth Leadership Initiative students learned the value of political participa- not only voted in the largest online tion firsthand during the 2000 elec- mock election ever, they also staged a tion season, thanks in large part to the legislative forum, welcomed state legis- Youth Leadership Initiative (YLI) at the lators to their schools, hosted Center for Governmental Studies. The Congressional debates in two districts, and participated in the most-watched Senate debate in Virginia history. From October 23 to November 2, 2000, YLI introduced voting to tens of thousands of students across the Commonwealth using a medium that is increasingly common in our schools and homes—the Internet. The Youth Leadership Initiative is on the cutting edge of technology, having developed software that allows students to vote online using secure cyber-ballots specifically tailored to each student’s home voting location. The electronic ballots included the races for President, U.S. Senate, and U.S. House of Representatives, as well as four pub- In September of 2000, current Secretary of State Colin Powell lic opinion survey questions. Over the joined Center Director Larry J. Sabato in Richmond to announce summer and fall, YLI registered nearly a formal partnership between the Youth Leadership Initiative 70,000 students in over 300 of and Powell’s organization, America’s Promise. Virginia’s middle and high schools, Congressional debates prior to A MORE PERFECT UNION Election Day: one in Virginia’s 2nd District between Democrat Jody Wagner and Republican Ed Schrock, and one in the 7th District, featur- One of the highlights of the ing Republican Eric Cantor and Democrat Warren Stewart. -
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 12: 1932-1945
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Instructor Answer Guide Chapter 12: 1932-1945 Contents CHAPTER 12 INTRODUCTORY ESSAY: 1932–1945 ............................................ 2 NARRATIVES .............................................................................................................. 4 The Dust Bowl ......................................................................................................................................... 4 The National Recovery Administration and the Schechter Brothers .................................................. 5 New Deal Critics ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Labor Upheaval, Industrial Organization, and the Rise of the CIO .................................................... 7 Court Packing and Constitutional Revolution ....................................................................................... 9 Eleanor Roosevelt and Marian Anderson ............................................................................................ 10 Foreign Policy in the 1930s: From Neutrality to Involvement ........................................................... 11 Pearl Harbor .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Double V for Victory: The Effort to Integrate the U.S. Military ........................................................ 14 D-Day ..................................................................................................................................................... -
Senator Harry F Byrd and the New Deal Reform Policy in Virginia, 1933-1938
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1991 Senator Harry F Byrd and the New Deal Reform Policy in Virginia, 1933-1938 Chitose Sato College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Political Science Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Sato, Chitose, "Senator Harry F Byrd and the New Deal Reform Policy in Virginia, 1933-1938" (1991). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625690. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-y12a-9212 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SENATOR HARRY F. BYRD AND THE NEW DEAL REFORM POLICY IN VIRGINIA, 1933-1938 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Chitose Sato 199.1 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment, the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 0 Chi lose Sato Approved, August 199.1 Edward P. Crapol Richard B. Sherman Table of Contents page Acknowledgement .................................................................................................. iv A bstract ................................................................................................................... v Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2 Chapter I. Virginia State Politics in the 1930s: The Organization’s View on the New Deal ................. B Chapter II. The Virginia Emergency Relief Administration and the Direct Relief Policy, 1933-1935 ......................... -
Section Summary 9 FDR OFFERS RELIEF and RECOVERY SECTION 1
Name Class Date CHAPTER Section Summary 9 FDR OFFERS RELIEF AND RECOVERY SECTION 1 READING CHECK In November 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt won the presidency by more than 7 million votes. FDR had lost the use of his legs to polio in Name two New Deal policies 1921. Because of his disability, he relied heavily on his wife, Eleanor that provided immediate relief to Roosevelt. She served as his “eyes and ears” during his presidency. Americans. In his first hundred days in office, FDR proposed and Congress passed 15 bills known as the First New Deal. These measures had three goals: relief, recovery, and reform. “Relief” referred to improv- ing the immediate hardships of the depression; “recovery” was aimed at achieving a long-term economic recovery; and “reforms” were designed to prevent future depressions. One immediate relief effort involved the government paying farmers subsidies to reduce production, a move that would help raise farm prices. Other relief efforts included establishment of the Tennessee VOCABULARY STRATEGY Valley Authority (TVA) to build dams in the Tennessee River valley to control floods and generate electric power, and the creation of the What does the word subsidies Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC provided jobs for mean in the underlined sen- more than 2 million young men. They replanted forests, built trails, tence? What context clues can you find in the surrounding dug irrigation ditches, and fought fires. Recovery efforts included words or phrases? Circle any the National Recovery Administration (NRA) and the Public words or phrases in the para- Works Administration (PWA). The NRA developed industry codes graph that help you figure out that set minimum wages for workers and minimum prices for goods. -
Was the New Deal a Fair Deal in the South?
VIRGINIA INQUIRY COLLABORATIVE AND C3 TEACHERS Equality in the New Deal Inquiry Was the New Deal a Fair Deal in the South? Smiling Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union members at an outdoor meeting (1937) Supporting Questions 1. Who was served by New Deal’s employment benefits and who was left out? 2. How were Southern agricultural workers impacted by the New Deal? 3. What were the impacts of the New Deal’s housing policies? 4. What did Southerners think about the New Deal? THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION-NONCOMMERCIAL-SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 1 VIRGINIA INQUIRY COLLABORATIVE AND C3 TEACHERS 9-12th Was the New Deal a Fair Deal in the South? Compelling question? Virginia Social VUS10 d) evaluating and explaining how Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal measures Studies Standards addressed the Great Depression and expanded the government’s role in the economy. Staging the Brainstorm a list of ways the New Deal helped everyday Americans during the Great Compelling Question Depression. Supporting Question Supporting Question Supporting Question Supporting Question Who was served by New How were Southern What were the impacts What did Southerners Deal employment agricultural workers of the New Deal’s think about the New benefits and who was impacted by the New housing policies? Deal? left out? Deal? Formative Performance Formative Performance Formative Performance Formative Performance Task Task Task Task Complete a T-chart Identify the various Identify 5-7 impacts and Complete the thinking labeled “benefitted” and impacts and share the use the thinking routine routine “I used to think, “left out”. -
The Opponents of Virginia's Massive Resistance
A RUMBLING IN THE MUSEUI^t: THE OPPONENTS OF VIRGINIA'S MASSIVE RESISTANCE James Howard Hershman, Jr. Leesburg, Virginia B.A., Lynchburg College, 1969 M.A., Wake Forest University, 1971 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia August, 1978 0 Copyright by James Howard Hershman, Jr 1978 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT A Rumbling in the Museum: The Opponents of Virginia's Massive Resistance James Howard Hershman, Jr. University of Virginia, 1978 This dissertation is a study of the blacks and white liberals and moderates who opposed Virginia's policy of mas- sive resistance to the United States Supreme Court's school desegregation ruling in the Brown case. The origin of and continued demand for desegregation came from black Virginians who were challenging an oppressive racial caste system that greatly limited their freedom as American citizens. In the 1930's they b^gan demanding teacher salaries and school facilities equal to their white counter- parts. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People provided lawyers and organizational assistance as the school protests became a mass movement among black Virginians. In 1951, the protest became an attack on public school segre- gation itself. /V The Brown decision and the response to it split white opinion into three groups. A few white liberals publicly ac- cepted racial integration as good; extreme segregationists vehemently rejected any change in the racial caste system; a third group occupied the more complex middle or moderate posi- tion.