Russia Forms Mobile Air Defense Reserve of Pantsir-S
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https://community.apan.org/wg/tra- Foreign Military Studies Office Volume 10 Issue #8 OEWATCH August 2020 FOREIGN NEWS & PERSPECTIVES OF THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EURASIA 3 Russia’s Development of Robotic Combat Vehicles 5 Russian Army Starts Receiving Kamaz Trucks with Armored Compartments 7 MLRS is Becoming a Precision Weapon 8 Updated Ka-29 Helicopters to Make Arctic Debut 10 Pacific Fleet to Conduct Arctic Amphibious Assault Exercise 11 Second Borei Class Strategic Nuclear Submarine Joins Northern Fleet 12 Soviet Era Frigate Update Includes Pantsir Air Defense System 13 Russia Forms Mobile Air Defense Reserve of Pantsir-S 14 Russia’s Energy Strategy 2035: A Breakthrough or Another Impasse? 16 The Kremlin’s Critique of Western Values 18 Let the Army Expo and Games Go On 19 A Russian Military Look at the Personnel Factor in Chinese Information Warfare Development 21 Russia’s Balance Between India and China 23 Russian Allies: Examining Russia’s Relations with CSTO Members 25 Debating the Pros and Cons of Russia’s Syria Campaign 27 Russian Patriotism and Values 28 Bond Between Russian Religion and Military 30 Russia’s Increasing Military Presence in Kyrgyzstan 31 Armenia’s Defense and Strategy Reforms 32 Georgia Announces Plans to Produce Su-25 Aircraft INDO-PACIFIC 33 Communist Party of China Claims Strong Party Leads to Strong Military 34 Building China’s Militia: An Integral Part of China’s Armed Forces 35 China Reforms Military Reserve System 37 China Completes Global Deployment of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System 38 PLA Ground Force Adopts 155mm Mobile Artillery System 40 Fighting the Battle for the Pandemic Narrative: The PRC White Paper on Its COVID-19 Response 42 Huawei and 5G: Update on the Tech Cold War 44 China and Iran Announce $400 Billion Trade Deal 46 Philippines Army Recruiting Tausug to Help Fight Abu Sayyaf 47 Myanmar’s Dilemma: Cooperate with Kachin Rebels on COVID-19 or Not? 48 Indonesia Banned from Blocking Internet During Protests 49 Emergency Spending for the Indian Armed Forces MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA 50 Preparing for the Post-COVID-19 World: A Turkish Perspective 52 Russian Information Operations to Leverage Competition in the Eastern Med 53 UAE’s Information War against Turkey 54 UAE Looks to China in Post-COVID Economic Future 56 Turkey and China Renew Currency Swap Agreement 57 Turkey Launches New Round of Operations against the PKK in Iraq 59 Kurdish Jihadism and Extremist Groups 61 Renewed Tension Between Turkey and Greece 63 The Role of UAVs in Transforming Turkish Combat Capabilities 65 Iran Eager to Enter the Global Market as a Military Equipment Exporter 67 Iran’s IRGC Navy Unveils 3rd Khordad Defense System 68 Iran: What’s Behind the Government’s Secrecy on Handing Over Kish Island to Chinese? 70 Iranian Armed Forces Change Health Insurance Procedures 71 Iran: Khamenei Speaks on Corruption AFRICA 72 Africa’s Losses, China’s Gains from COVID-19 73 Despite AU Efforts, ‘Silencing the Guns’ in Africa Remains Elusive 74 Russia’s Nuclear Projects in Africa: Profits and Political Gain 75 Somaliland and Taiwan: Proposed Ties in Trouble 76 South Sudan’s Bitter Independence Anniversary 77 Northern Mozambique Between Terrorism and COVID-19 78 Boko Haram Still Able to Inflict Damage in Nigeria 79 Nigeria: Local Conflicts Driven by Illegal Mining 80 Côte d’Ivoire Responds after Terrorist Attack LATIN AMERICA 81 Venezuela and the Alex Saab/Cape Verde Affair 82 Argentina and Hezbollah 83 FARC Update 84 ELN Update 85 Indigenous Leaders Targeted in Amazon 87 Colombia Supports Venezuelan Refugees during Coronavirus 88 Fentanyl: The New Cash Cow of Mexican Drug Cartels 89 Mexican Cartels Expand Operations in the Netherlands 90 Mexico: Foiled Attack Against Refinery in Salamanca 91 Peruvian Self-Defense Groups Impose Coronavirus Social Isolation Rules 92 Bolivia and Coronavirus approved for public release; distribution is unlimited The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is part of the US Army Training and Doctrine Command G-2, whose mission OEWATCH is to Understand, Describe, Deliver, and Foreign News & Perspectives Assess the conditions of the Operational of the Operational Environment Environment. For over 30 years, FMSO has conducted open source research Volume 10 | Issue 8 August | 2020 on foreign perspectives of defense and security issues, emphasizing those topics that are understudied or Regional Analysts and unconsidered. Expert Contributors Operational Environment Watch Eurasia Chuck Bartles provides translated selections with Dodge Billingsley background from a diverse range Ray Finch of foreign media that our analysts Les Grau Adam Rodger and expert contributors believe will Matthew Stein give security professionals an added Sergey Sukhankin dimension to their critical thinking Tom Wilhelm about the Operational Environment. Indo-Pacific April A. Herlevi Cindy Hurst Matthew Stein The views expressed in each article are those of Peter Wood the author and do not represent the official policy or Jacob Zenn position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Release of this Middle East, North Africa Robert Bunker information does not imply any commitment or intent Ihsan Gündüz on the part of the US Government to provide any Karen Kaya additional information on any topic presented herein. Alma Keshavarz The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute Jerrilee Plude endorsement by the US Army of the referenced site Michael Rubin or the information, products, or services contained Lucas Winter therein. Users should exercise caution in accessing hyperlinks. Africa Robert Feldman Jacob Zenn The Operational Environment Watch is archived and available at: https://community.apan.org/wg/ Latin America Robert Bunker tradoc-g2/fmso/. Geoff Demarest Brenda Fiegel Alma Keshavarz Stevie Lundell ON THE COVER: Members of the Indian contingent on Red Square during 2020 Victory Editor-in-Chief Tom Wilhelm Day parade. Karen Kaya Source: Kremlin.ru via Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=91513145, CC Editor BY 4.0 Design Editor Thomas Tolare EURASIA Russia’s Development of Robotic Combat Vehicles OE Watch Commentary: The accompanying excerpted articles from RIA Novosti discuss Russian plans to develop robotic platforms for military purposes. As Vitaliy Davydov, head of the Advanced Research Fund’s Scientific-Technical Council (Russia’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency equivalent) explains, the development of semi-autonomous and autonomous weapons platforms is of keen interest to the Russian Federation. As the second passage reports, Russia has already started conducting tests regarding the robotization of the armored equipment. The passage points out, “the T-14 tank mounted on the heavy tracked “Armata” platform has undergone testing in the unmanned mode.” End OE Watch Commentary (Bartles) “Neither we nor other countries will depart from the use of combat robots, if we do not wish people to continue to die on the field of battle. Living combatants will gradually begin to be supplanted by their robotic “brothers,” who can act more quickly, more precisely and selectively than people. However, a man will assign the mission and control the operations of the robots.” T-14 Armata. Source: Vitaly Kuzmin, https://photos.smugmug.com/Military/Victory-Day-Rehearsal-in-Moscow-18-June-2020/i- Sz5RNDj/0/23d48c5e/X3/ParadeRehearsal-18062020-18-X3.jpg , CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 OE Watch | August 2020 3 EURASIA Continued: Russia’s Development of Robotic Combat Vehicles Source: Dmitriy Strugovets, “Виталий Давыдов: живых бойцов заменят терминаторы (Vitaliy Davydov: They Will Replace Live Warriors with Terminators),” RIA Novosti Online, 21 April 2020. https://ria.ru/20200421/1570298909.html The Advanced Research Fund (FPI) – the Russian analog of the American DARPA – works on various projects, including in the field of robotics. The anthropomorphic space robot “Fedor” was developed on an order from the fund, and in 2019 flew into space. In October 2019, the FPI presented to the public the experimental “Marker” robotic platform, supporting autonomous fulfillment of quite complex missions in support of troop subunit operations. Formed on the base of the FPI, the National Center for the Development of Technologies and Base Components of Robotic Equipment is actively cooperating with the developers of maritime and aviation unmanned vehicles. Head of the FPI’s Scientific-Technical Council, and Deputy General Director of the Fund Vitaliy Davydov talked with RIA Novosti special correspondent Dmitriy Strugovets about the prospects for the development of military robotics in an interview. In October, the “Marker” robot was presented to the public for the first time. At that time, it showed off its capabilities in autonomous navigation and repositioning. It was announced that in the first half of the year the robot will be able to demonstrate its capabilities in firing from various weapons. Based on the results of the tests, what will “Marker” be able to do? In future, “Marker” will become fully autonomous and be able to independently fulfill a wide circle of tasks. The operator will provide only target designation, while the robot itself will decide how to move to the target taking into account the type of terrain, overcome obstacles met with en route and once in place select and use the optimal type of weaponry. Will the robot itself make a decision on inflicting a strike? Everything, naturally, must be under the control of a commander. This means several variants of “Marker” actions are being developed. One of them envisages the fulfillment of combat missions in autonomous mode in an area designated by the commander. A second variant is – supporting troop subunit operations. In this case the robot is delivered or itself proceeds into the area of combat operations and is placed at the disposal of a specific subunit, the commander of which assigns it specific combat missions. That means the Fund is coming ever closer and closer to the future of the film, “Terminator:” initially there was the anthropomorphic robot “Fedor,” and now a wheeled combat robot.