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Joseph Goebbels 1 Joseph Goebbels
Joseph Goebbels 1 Joseph Goebbels Joseph Goebbels Reich propaganda minister Goebbels Chancellor of Germany In office 30 April 1945 – 1 May 1945 President Karl Dönitz Preceded by Adolf Hitler Succeeded by Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk (acting) Minister of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda In office 13 March 1933 – 30 April 1945 Chancellor Adolf Hitler Preceded by Office created Succeeded by Werner Naumann Gauleiter of Berlin In office 9 November 1926 – 1 May 1945 Appointed by Adolf Hitler Preceded by Ernst Schlange Succeeded by None Reichsleiter In office 1933–1945 Appointed by Adolf Hitler Preceded by Office created Succeeded by None Personal details Born Paul Joseph Goebbels 29 October 1897 Rheydt, Prussia, Germany Joseph Goebbels 2 Died 1 May 1945 (aged 47) Berlin, Germany Political party National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) Spouse(s) Magda Ritschel Children 6 Alma mater University of Bonn University of Würzburg University of Freiburg University of Heidelberg Occupation Politician Cabinet Hitler Cabinet Signature [1] Paul Joseph Goebbels (German: [ˈɡœbəls] ( ); 29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. As one of Adolf Hitler's closest associates and most devout followers, he was known for his zealous orations and deep and virulent antisemitism, which led him to support the extermination of the Jews and to be one of the mentors of the Final Solution. Goebbels earned a PhD from Heidelberg University in 1921, writing his doctoral thesis on 19th century literature of the romantic school; he then went on to work as a journalist and later a bank clerk and caller on the stock exchange. -
An Analysis on the Influence of Christianity on the White Rose
Religion and Resistance: An Analysis on the Influence of Christianity on the White Rose Resistance Movement Laura Kincaide HIST 3120: Nazi German Culture Dr. Janet Ward December 1, 2014 1 Because religion often leads people to do seemingly irrational things, understanding a person’s religion is essential to understand his/her actions. This was especially true in Nazi Germany when religious conviction led some people to risk their lives to do what they believed was right, others allowed their religion to be transformed and co-opted by the Nazis to fit a political agenda while meeting spiritual needs, and still others simply tried to ignore the cognitive dissonance of obeying an authority that was acting in direct contradiction to a spiritual one. This paper will examine the role of Christianity in resistance movements against the Nazis with a focus on the White Rose in an attempt to explain how members of the same religion could have had such drastically different responses to the National Socialists. The White Rose resistance movement officially began in June, 1942 when the group’s first anti-Nazi pamphlet was published and distributed, although the activities and broodings of the members far predated this event. The movement started at the University of Munich, where a small group of students, most notably Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, Alex Schmorell, Willi Graf, Christoph Probst, and Traute Lafrenz, and their philosophy and musicology professor, Kurt Huber, discovered that they shared negative opinions of the Nazis and began meeting in secret to discuss their dissident political views.i Some of the most dedicated and passionate members felt the need to spread their ideas throughout the German populace and call upon their fellow citizens to passively resist the Nazis. -
Hitler's Happy People: Kraft Durch Freude's Everyday Production Of
Hitler’s Happy People: Kraft durch Freude’s Everyday Production of Joy in the Third Reich By Julia Timpe M.A., Brown University 2007 Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History at Brown University Dissertation Committee: Prof. Omer Bartov Prof. Deborah Cohen Prof. Ethan Pollock PROVIDENCE, MAY 2013 © 2012 by Julia Timpe The dissertation by Julia Timpe is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________ _____________________________________ Date Omer Bartov, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council _______________________ ______________________________________ Date Deborah Cohen, Reader _______________________ ______________________________________ Date Ethan Pollock, Reader Approved by the Graduate Council _______________________ ______________________________________ Date Peter Weber, Dean of the Graduate School iii CURRICULUM VITAE Julia Timpe was born on November 21, 1980 in Wolfenbüttel, Germany and came to Brown University, Providence, RI in 2004 as an exchange student from Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, where she was enrolled in a Magister Artium program in the fields of Modern and Contemporary History (major,) Modern German Literature and European Ethnology (minors.) At Brown, she first worked as a Teaching Assistant in the Department of German Studies, before entering the Ph.D. program of Brown’s History Department in 2006. She received an A.M. in History from Brown in 2007 and passed her preliminary examinations with distinction in 2008 in her major field Modern German History (with Omer Bartov) and her minor fields Modern European History (with Deborah Cohen) and Modern Russian History (with Ethan Pollock.) At Brown, she has worked as a Teaching Assistant in the Departments of History and German Studies, taught several courses in Brown’s Summer Program and an undergraduate seminar on the history Weimar Germany in the History Department. -
Bachelorarbeit
BACHELORARBEIT Lion Pfeufer Instrumente der Hörerbindung im NS-Rundfunk an ausgewählten Beispielen Instruments of listener loyalty in NS-Broadcast on selected examples 2011 Fakultät Medien BACHELORARBEIT Instrumente der Hörerbindung im NS-Rundfunk an ausgewählten Beispielen Autor: Lion Pfeufer Studiengang: Medienmanagement Seminargruppe: MM07w2-B Erstprüfer: Prof. Dr. phil. Ludwig Hilmer Zweitprüfer: Prof. Dr. phil. Otto Altendorfer M.A. Mittweida, April 2011 Bibliographische Beschreibung und Referat Lion Pfeufer: Instrumente der Hörerbindung im NS-Rundfunk an ausgewählten Beispielen. - 2011 - 65 S. Mittweida, Hochschule Mittweida (FH), Fachbereich Me- dien, Bachelorarbeit Referat Mit der hier vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit, welche im Frühjahr 2011 angefertigt worden ist, wird der bis dato wenig beschriebene Themenkomplex der Hörerbin- dung im Rundfunk des Dritten Reiches aufgegriffen und eingehender untersucht. Im Fokus der Betrachtung liegt hierbei das „Wunschkonzert für die Wehrmacht“, welches einer der populärsten „Straßenfeger“ während des 2. Weltkrieges war. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die einzelnen Elemente der Hörerbindung in ihrer damaligen Anwendung aufzuzeigen und ihren Wirkgehalt zu erläutern. Dabei wird auf die Sprache in der NS-Zeit ebenso eingegangen, wie auf die Sendezeiten im Rundfunk, oder den Charity-Charakter des Wehrmachtswunschkonzerts. III Inhaltsverzeichnis Bibliographische Beschreibung und Referat ...................................................... III Abkürzungsverzeichnis ................................................................................... -
The Nazi Co,N.Sc I.E N.C.E
Claudia Koonz THE NAZI CO,N.SC I.E N.C.E The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England ~oo3. Every German soldier who dies in this war must be put on the debit ac count of the Jews. They have him on their conscience and that is why Jews must be made to pay. -Joseph Goebbels, November 16, 1941 On January 30, 1939, the sixth anniversary of his appointment as chan cellor, Hitler was in a mood his admirers described as philosophical. Since dictating Mein Kampfin prison in 1924, he had divulged little in public about his intentions regarding the Jewish question. To be sure, the adjec tive "Jewish" had often spiked his verbal jabs, but as chancellor Hitler had avoided programmatic comments. Even at times when his audiences might have expected an antisemitic tirade, he had remained silent. In his eulogy for a Nazi official slain by a Jewish assassin in Switzerland in early 1936, for example, he did not so much as utter the word "jewish." On the day after the pogrom of November 9-10, 1938, Hitler spoke for over two hours to journalists without mentioning the Jewish question. Then, on January 30, 1939, Hitler vented his phobic racism as part of his self-congratulatory account of the new moral and geopolitical order he had created. He went out of his way to ridicule "German businessmen devoid of any conscience" who took pity on Jews. "Europe cannot find peace until the Jewish question has been solved." Sarcastically, he sneered at "how the whole democratic world is oozing with sympathy for the poor tormented Jewish People [and yet] remains hard-hearted when it comes to helping these supposedly most valuable members of the human race."! With Jews defeated in Germany, Hitler continued, the time had come to "wrestle the Jewish world enemy to the ground." Reminiscing about the days when critics had laughed at his racial views, he mused, "In the course of my life I have been a prophet many times, and this earned me mostly ridicule .. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Representation of Forced Migration in the Feature Films of the Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic, and Polish People’s Republic (1945–1970) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0hq1924k Author Zelechowski, Jamie Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The Representation of Forced Migration in the Feature Films of the Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic, and Polish People’s Republic (1945–1970) A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Germanic Languages by Jamie Leigh Zelechowski 2017 © Copyright by Jamie Leigh Zelechowski 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The Representation of Forced Migration in the Feature Films of the Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic, and Polish People’s Republic (1945–1970) by Jamie Leigh Zelechowski Doctor of Philosophy in Germanic Languages University of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Todd S. Presner, Co-Chair Professor Roman Koropeckyj, Co-Chair My dissertation investigates the cinematic representation of forced migration (due to the border changes enacted by the Yalta and Potsdam conferences in 1945) in East Germany, West Germany, and Poland, from 1945–1970. My thesis is that, while the representations of these forced migrations appear infrequently in feature film during this period, they not only exist, but perform an important function in the establishment of foundational national narratives in the audiovisual sphere. Rather than declare the existence of some sort of visual taboo, I determine, firstly, why these images appear infrequently; secondly, how and to what purpose(s) existing representations are mobilized; and, thirdly, their relationship to popular and official discourses. -
Historical Review of Developments Relating to Aggression
Historical Review of Developments relating to Aggression United Nations New York, 2003 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.03.V10 ISBN 92-1-133538-8 Copyright 0 United Nations, 2003 All rights reserved Contents Paragraphs Page Preface xvii Introduction 1. The Nuremberg Tribunal 1-117 A. Establishment 1 B. Jurisdiction 2 C. The indictment 3-14 1. The defendants 4 2. Count one: The common plan or conspiracy to commit crimes against peace 5-8 3 3. Count two: Planning, preparing, initiating and waging war as crimes against peace 9-10 4. The specific charges against the defendants 11-14 (a) Count one 12 (b) Counts one and two 13 (c) Count two 14 D. The judgement 15-117 1. The charges contained in counts one and two 15-16 2. The factual background of the aggressive war 17-21 3. Measures of rearmament 22-23 4. Preparing and planning for aggression 24-26 5. Acts of aggression and aggressive wars 27-53 (a) The seizure of Austria 28-31 (b) The seizure of Czechoslovakia 32-33 (c) The invasion of Poland 34-35 (d) The invasion of Denmark and Norway 36-43 Paragraphs Page (e) The invasion of Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg 44-45 (f) The invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece 46-48 (g) The invasion of the Soviet Union 49-51 (h) The declaration of war against the United States 52-53 28 6. Wars in violation of international treaties, agreements or assurances 54 7. The Law of the Charter 55-57 The crime of aggressive war 56-57 8. -
Who Is Friedrich Gnaß?
Camera Left? Camera Right? — Acting and Ideology in the Third Reich Friedrich Gnaß: A Case Study Matthew Bauman, M.A., Ph.D. Candidate Department of German Studies Who is Friedrich Gnaß? A Communist in Nazi Propaganda? Gleichschaltung Friedrich Gnaß (1892-1958) was a German laborer turned stage and film Gnaß was an outspoken leftist, who came to acting in his 30s after giving The Nazis demanded political conformity in all actor whose career spanned three decades and three disparate ideologies: up his working-class career. During the Weimar Period, he appeared as a areas of life, and the film industry was no proletarian figure in many left-wing propaganda films. Despite the Nazi exception. Many famous actors and directors were Weimar Republic (1925–1933) Selected Filmography Gleichschaltung policy, however, Gnaß was able to find work in many films forced to give up their careers and even flee the under the Nazis before the outbreak of World War II, including several country because of their ancestry or their political fascist propaganda films by prominent Nazi directors. After the war, views. • On the Other Side of the Street Gnaß settled in Communist East Berlin, where he became a founding (Jenseits der Straße) 1929 member of Bertolt Brecht’s Berliner Ensemble and continued to act for the Physiognomy and the Film Industry state film studio, DEFA ( — German Film • Mother Krause’s Trip to Happiness DEutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft Nazi ideology placed great stock in pseudosciences Corporation). (Mutter Krausens Fahrt ins Glück) 1929 such as physiognomy to justify its assertions of • M 1931 “Aryan” superiority over other supposedly A Short-Lived Change of Heart? degenerate “races.” Additionally, the Nazis Though Gnaß did appear in Nazi propaganda films, he remained an recognized the power of film as a propaganda tool Third Reich (1933–1939) outspoken leftist. -
Eine Deutsche Rundfunkgeschichte Folge Zwei: Gleichschaltung
SÜDWESTRUNDFUNK SWR2 Wissen - Manuskriptdienst Tonspuren – eine deutsche Rundfunkgeschichte Folge zwei: Gleichschaltung Autor: Wolfgang Bauernfeind Redaktion: Udo Zindel Regie: Wolfgang Bauernfeind Sendung: Freitag, 7. Oktober 2011, 8.30 Uhr, SWR2 ___________________________________________________________ Bitte beachten Sie: Das Manuskript ist ausschließlich zum persönlichen, privaten Gebrauch bestimmt. Jede weitere Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung bedarf der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung des Urhebers bzw. des SWR. Mitschnitte auf CD von allen Sendungen der Redaktion SWR2 Wissen/Aula (Montag bis Sonntag 8.30 bis 9.00 Uhr) sind beim SWR Mitschnittdienst in Baden-Baden für 12,50 € erhältlich. Bestellmöglichkeiten: 07221/929-6030 Kennen Sie schon das neue Serviceangebot des Kulturradios SWR2? Mit der kostenlosen SWR2 Kulturkarte können Sie zu ermäßigten Eintrittspreisen Veranstaltungen des SWR2 und seiner vielen Kulturpartner im Sendegebiet besuchen. Mit dem kostenlosen Infoheft SWR2 Kulturservice sind Sie stets über SWR2 und die zahlreichen Veranstaltungen im SWR2-Kulturpartner-Netz informiert. Jetzt anmelden unter 07221/300 200 oder swr2.de SWR 2 Wissen können Sie ab sofort auch als Live-Stream hören im SWR 2 Webradio unter www.swr2.de oder als Podcast nachhören: http://www1.swr.de/podcast/xml/swr2/wissen.xml ___________________________________________________________ Besetzung: Erzähler Zitator Zitatorin 1 Dok-Ton – Joseph Goebbels: Wir machen gar keinen Hehl draus, der Rundfunk gehört uns und niemandem sonst und den Rundfunk werden wir in den Dienst unserer Idee stellen und keine andere Idee soll hier zu Worte kommen. Erzähler: Deutliche Worte des gerade ernannten Ministers für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda, in einer Rede vor den Rundfunkintendanten am 25. März 1933, im Haus des Rundfunks in Berlin. Gerade sieben Wochen zuvor war Hitler Reichskanzler geworden, und schon formuliert Joseph Goebbels den Besitzanspruch der neuen Herren auf das, wie er es selbst nennt, „allermodernste und allerwichtigste Massenbeeinflussungsmittel“. -
Feeding the Volk: Food, Culture, and the Politics of Nazi Consumption, 1933-1945
FEEDING THE VOLK: FOOD, CULTURE, AND THE POLITICS OF NAZI CONSUMPTION, 1933-1945 By MARK B. COLE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 © 2011 Mark B. Cole 2 In memory of my mother 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Researching and writing a dissertation is largely a solitary endeavor, but my experience has been greatly enriched by people and institutions on both sides of the Atlantic. First and foremost I must wholeheartedly thank my Doktorvater, Geoffrey J. Giles, not simply because he had the good sense to take on a graduate student with admittedly peculiar interests (food and Nazis), but because he has been a model advisor and has always unflinchingly “mounted the barricades” on my behalf. His support has been unwavering, his advice always spot on, and his criticisms insightful. While he will always remain a mentor, I am happy to say that over the years he has also become a dear friend. I should also like to thank two other scholars. At the University of Toledo, Larry Wilcox was the first to spark my interest in German history by doing what he does best, being a fabulous teacher. And, from my very first semester as master’s student at the University of Akron to the present day, Shelley Baranowski has been a constant source of support and inspiration. It is a great personal and intellectual debt that I owe her. The University of Florida in general and the Department of History in particular provided an excellent intellectual environment for me to grow as a historian. -
Heimatfrontfilme. Überlegungen Zur Historischen Bedingtheit Eines
Heimatfrontfilme Überlegungen zur historischen Bedingtheit eines kleinen Genres in der NS-Zeit Stephen Lowry 1. Heimatfrontfilme Es geht mir hier um eine kleine Gruppe von deutschen Filmen aus der Zeit des Zweiten Weltkriegs, deren Problemstellung, Konfliktsituati- on, Handlungsstruktur, Setting und Charaktertypen einander ähneln. Zum Teil bestehen auch stilistische Ähnlichkeiten in der Darstellung der Kriegswirklichkeit. So können diese Filme als ein ‹kleines Genre› betrachtet werden – zumindest rückblickend. Es geht um die ‹Heimat- frontfilme›, Filme, die in der damaligen Gegenwart angesiedelt sind und die Kriegserfahrungen an der Front und im zivilen Leben thema- tisieren, vor allem die der Frauen in der Heimat. Die Filme gehören zugleich zu anderen, standardisierten Genres wie Kriegsfilm, Roman- ze, Drama oder Revuefilm. Dass sie zur Entstehungszeit als eigenes Genre betrachtet wurden, ist eher unwahrscheinlich. Aber gerade auf- grund der großen Erfolge von Wunschkonzert (Eduard von Borsody, Ufa 1940) und Die grosse Liebe (Viktor von Tourjansky, Ufa 1942), die als prototypisch gelten können, liegt es nahe, dass es sich aus Sicht der Produktion (und darin war das Propaganda-Ministerium wesent- lich involviert) um einen Produktionszyklus handelte, der Erfolg beim Publikum versprach – kommerziell wie auch im Sinne der Ideologie. Die Filme wurden zwar nicht unter dem Etikett ‹Heimatfrontfilm› vermarktet, sondern eher als ‹Filme unserer Zeit›, aber ähnlich wie Genrefilme wiederholten und variierten sie publikumswirksame Mo- tive und Handlungsmuster -
Review Essay: Whence Did German Propaganda Films
Reason Papers Vol. 38, no. 1 Review Essay: Whence Did German Propaganda Films Derive Their Power? Ian Garden’s The Third Reich’s Celluloid War: Propaganda in Nazi Feature Films, Documentaries, and Television Gary James Jason California State University, Fullerton The history of cinema is an important tool for understanding the use of film for propaganda and indoctrination. Scholars of propaganda should be grateful to Ian Garden, because his The Third Reich’s Celluloid War1 is a comprehensive and insightful history of Nazi propaganda films. He holds that the Nazis understood propaganda to be a powerful weapon and that they wielded it more effectively than did the Allies. He also notes, though, that the Nazi propaganda machine made a great number of mistakes. He seeks to explain the key features of the major German propaganda films, the degree to which they were propagandistic, and how effective they were. Upon reviewing his work, I conclude that although Garden offers thoughtful reflections in many ways, he understates the unique power of Nazi propaganda film. Garden discusses briefly the nature of propaganda, defining it as messaging aimed at persuasion (p. 11). Understood that way, propaganda is a benign concept; however, after persistent misuse over a century by political agents, it now pejoratively means the dispersing of mendacious information. On his view, propaganda doesn’t necessarily involve lying or distorting the truth—though it often does. Propaganda may involve stating facts that are true, but they are so selectively presented that they mislead the audience into the point of view the propagandist is pushing.