Some Reflections on the Inscription of the Cippus Perusinus (Cp)
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Postgraduate Programmes in the SCHOOL of HISTORY, CLASSICS and ARCHAEOLOGY The Iconography of the Etruscan Haruspex Supervisor: Name: Sarah Hammond Dr Robert Leighton 2009 SCHOOL of HISTORY, CLASSICS and ARCHAEOLOGY DECLARATION OF OWN WORK This dissertation has been composed by Sarah Hammond a candidate of the MSc Programme in MScR, Archaeology, run by the School of History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh. The work it represents is my own, unless otherwise explicitly cited and credited in appropriate academic convention. I confirm that all this work is my own except where indicated, and that I have: Clearly referenced/listed all sources as appropriate Referenced and put in inverted commas all quoted text of more than three words (from books, web, etc) Given the sources of all pictures, data etc. that are not my own Not made any use of the essay(s) of any other student(s) either past or present Not sought or used the help of any external professional agencies for the work Acknowledged in appropriate places any help that I have received from others (e.g. fellow students, technicians, statisticians, external sources) Complied with any other plagiarism criteria specified in the Course handbook I understand that any false claim for this work will be penalised in accordance with the University regulations Signature: Name (Please PRINT): SARAH HAMMOND Date: 22/06/2009 The Iconography of the Etruscan Haruspex by Sarah Naomi Hammond MSc by Research, Archaeology The University of Edinburgh 2009 Word count: 25,000 Abstract The religious rituals of the Etruscans incorporated several forms of divination including the practices of extispicy and hepatoscopy, the arts of divining through the examination of sacrificed animal entrails, and specifically the liver. -
Volume 16 Winter 2014
Volume 16 Winter 2014 Tomb 6423 At right, the Below is the A Digger’s View: lastra sealing chamber as The Tomb of the Hanging the chamber found at the The perspective of a field Aryballos, Tarquinia shown in situ. moment of archaeologist by Alessandro Mandolesi Above it is the opening, by Maria Rosa Lucidi another lastra on the back The University of Turin and the possibly reut- wall a little The discovery of the tomb of the Superintendency for the Archaeological ilzed spolia aryballos still “hanging aryballos" has aroused great Heritage of Southern Etruria have been interest among the public in both Italy taken from hangs on its investigating the Tumulus of the Queen and internationally. The integrity of the original nail. and the necropolis surrounding it, the the tumulus unviolated tomb is definitely one of the Doganaccia, since 2008. The excava- of the queen, (photographs reasons for the attention it has received. tions have brought forth many important which stands by Massimo The uniqueness is even more pro- and unexpected results, thanks to subse- nearby. Legni). nounced when one considers that since quent research, and the infor- the second half of the nine- mation relating to the differ- teenth century the English ent phases of its use has made traveler George Dennis it possible to clarify many blamed the inability to recov- obscure points about the great er the contexts from intact era of the monumental tumuli chamber tombs in Etruscan at Tarquinia. Tarquinia on repeated looting Archaeologists working since ancient times. The -
Etruscan News 19
Volume 19 Winter 2017 Vulci - A year of excavation New treasures from the Necropolis of Poggio Mengarelli by Carlo Casi InnovativeInnovative TechnologiesTechnologies The inheritance of power: reveal the inscription King’s sceptres and the on the Stele di Vicchio infant princes of Spoleto, by P. Gregory Warden by P. Gregory Warden Umbria The Stele di Vicchio is beginning to by Joachim Weidig and Nicola Bruni reveal its secrets. Now securely identi- fied as a sacred text, it is the third 700 BC: Spoleto was the center of longest after the Liber Linteus and the Top, the “Tomba della Truccatrice,” her cosmetics still in jars at left. an Umbrian kingdom, as suggested by Capua Tile, and the earliest of the three, Bottom, a warrior’s iron and bronze short spear with a coiled handle. the new finds from the Orientalizing securely dated to the end of the 6th cen- necropolis of Piazza d’Armi that was tury BCE. It is also the only one of the It all started in January 2016 when even the heavy stone cap of the chamber partially excavated between 2008 and three with a precise archaeological con- the guards of the park, during the usual cover. The robbers were probably dis- 2011 by the Soprintendenza text, since it was placed in the founda- inspections, noticed a new hole made by turbed during their work by the frequent Archeologia dell’Umbria. The finds tions of the late Archaic temple at the grave robbers the night before. nightly rounds of the armed park guards, were processed and analysed by a team sanctuary of Poggio Colla (Vicchio di Strangely the clandestine excavation but they did have time to violate two of German and Italian researchers that Mugello, Firenze). -
Le Parole Etrusche Ame, Amce E La Revisione Di Ie. *Yem- ‘Paaren’
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Emerita (E-Journal) LE PAROLE ETRUSCHE AME, AMCE E LA REVISIONE DI IE. *YEM- ‘PAAREN’ ADOLFO ZAVARONI The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate the groundlessness of the old and common thesis according to which Etr. ame, amuke, amce are parts of the verb “to be”. We can search for the true meaning of these words with the help of the so-called “comparative method”, a method that, in the last few decades, did not enjoy its due share of attention. My underlying thesis is that Etruscan, although not being an Indo-European language, has many IndoEuropean stems, which it acquired during many centuries of contacts. The comparative method might be of help just provided we strictly stick to the rules that define the phonological system of Etruscan (in the present work I present the system of the stops only). –– The term am(u)ce indicates ‘to be united, to make a pair with, co-’. In fact, amce is mainly found in connection with the words puia ‘wife’ and zilaθ (magistracy constituted by two or more persons). In extant inscriptions, we also find twice the word ame connected to puia, yet in most cases ame is a particle placed after the verb, where it fulfills the same function of the latin preverb cum, co-. As an example, in the Tabula Cortonensis the words eprus ame mean ‘co-operantur, (they) sacrifice together’. Moreover, there are five occurrences of the particle ama connected with the word ipa. -
L'etruria N. 10 2016 Scarica
Anno CXXIV - N° 10 Cortona - Martedì 31 maggio 2016 www.letruria.it e-mail: [email protected] EurO 1,80 PERIODICO QUINDICINALE CORTONESE FONDATO NEL 1892 Tariffa R.O.C.: “Poste Italiane S.p.A. - Sped. in abb. postale - D.L. 353/2003 (Conv. In - L. 27/02/2004 n. 46) art. 1, comma 1, DCB/2004-Arezzo” - Autoriz. Tribunale di Arezzo N° 3 del 27/03/1979 – Iscrizione Reg. Naz. della Stampa n. 5896 - Stampa: Grafiche Calosci Cortona. Redazione, Amm.ne: Giornale L’Etruria Soc. Coop. arl - Via Nazionale, 51 - 52044 Cortona - Tel. (0575) 60.32.06 - Una copia arretrata € 4,0. Abbonamento a L’Etruria: solo carta 12 mesi 35 euro; web 12 mesi 30 euro; carta + web 12 mesi 45 euro - C/C Post. 13391529 - Banca Popolare di Cortona Iban: IT 55 L 05496 25400 000010182236 Incontro a Roma tra il Sindaco e il Padre Generale Cortona On The Move 2016 Confidiamo in una soluzione positiva ’ conto alla rovescia per Le numerosissime mostre in racconterà l’azienda attraverso i Al-liquindoi. Un lavoro dedicato a di Enzo Lucente la nuova edizione di Cor - pro gramma saranno dislocate, co - volti dei suoi operatori. Cortona migranti e richiedenti asilo che si ontinuamo ad informare che ti possano aiutare nel difficile tona On The Move Foto- me di consueto, in angoli partico - On The Move 2016 ospita anche propone di far conoscere il nostro i nostri lettori sulla vicen- percorso di questa vita odierna. Egrafia in Viaggio, il festi - lari e spesso poco conosciuti della un evento straordinario: The Larry continente attraverso le immagini da del Convento e la Questo secondo aspetto è val internazionale giunto città, come l’ex magazzino delle Towell Show, la prima retrospetti - dell’archivio Magnum selezionate CChie sa di S. -
Etruscan Identity and Self-Representation in the Late Republic and Early Principate
Etruscan Identity and Self-Representation in the Late Republic and Early Principate Chiara Strazzulla Supervisors: Cardiff University Dr Guy Bradley (Cardiff University) Prof. Elena Isayev (University of Exeter) Presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ancient History 2018 Acknowledgements Research might often be portrayed as a solo enterprise, but no work of research is ever truly done alone. This work would most certainly not have been possible without the help and support of many others beside me, who gave their own precious insights, directed my investigation to unexpected corners of the subject topic, and generously gave assistance when assistance was needed. My heartfelt thanks go therefore to: My supervisors, Dr Guy Bradley and Prof. Elena Isayev, who have been present at every stage, providing fundamental clarifications, encouraging me to push my limits and find my strengths, helping me shape what was a disconnected bunch of ideas about Romans and Etruscans into something concrete. Their dedication to this work cannot be understated and without it none of it would have been possible. All at AHRC and the South, West and Wales Doctoral Training Partnership, for generously funding my PhD and providing invaluable occasions for personal and professional development, debate, and sharing. The discussions had at cohort days organised by the DTP have helped guide the direction my research was taking, provided me with additional tools and given me interdisciplinary insights. My thanks in particular to Chantelle Payne and Rose Jones, for their tireless organisational work; and to all the fellow DTP students with whom I exchanged opinions and ideas, most importantly Beatrice Hitchman, Sophie Payne, Maria Tomlinson, Anna Field, James Thomas Lloyd, and Jo Bryant. -
The Tabula Cortonensis and Land Transactions
THE TABULA CORTONENSIS AND LAND TRANSACTIONS Recently R. A. Wallace has dedicated a chapter of his book ‘Zikh Rasna. A Manual of Etruscan Language and Inscriptions' (2008) to the inscription of the bronze Tabula Cortonensis\ The Tablet of Cortona, hereafter TCo, was handed in by a carpenter to the Carabinieri at Camucia (Cortona) in 1992. The editio princeps was published by L. Agostiniani and F. Nicosia in 2000. The text is extremely important since it is, after the Liber linteus Zagrabiensis and the Tabula Capuana, the third longest extant Etruscan text (206 words; 32 lines on side A and 8 lines on side B). It is, however, difficult to interpret and translate for lexical, morphological, grammatical, and syntactical reasons. Wallace’s tentative translation of the text is based on interpretations and translations advanced by Agostiniani and Nicosia (2000), H. Rix (2000, 2002), G. Μ. Facchetti (2000, 2002b), A. Maggiani (2001, 2002b), V. Scarano Ussani and Μ. Torelli (2003), K. Wylin (2002a, 2006b) and I.-J. Adiego (2005). The publications of C. De Simone (1998-2007), P. Amann (2005), Wylin (2005) and Torelli (2005) were not used by Wallace. It appears that there is no consensus on the meaning(s) of about half of the sixty different non- onomastic lexical units, many of which are or look like hapax legomena. This article aims to detect their semantic values from the textual context and with the use of the combinatory method, that is, by comparing words in the TCo text with those in the corpus of ca 11,000 Etruscan inscriptions. Some words and syntagmata will also be studied from a chrono-typological, interlinguistic, etymological, and contemporary, bicultural perspective (e.g. -
Su Numerusm Genus E Sexus. Elementi Per Una Grammatica Dell
copia autore QUADERNI DI EVTOPIA Su numerus, genus e sexus. COMMENTARII NOVI DE ANTIQVITATIBVS TOTIVS EVROPAE Elementi per una grammatica dell’etrusco Luca Rigobianco, Luca Rigobianco Su numerus , genus e sexus ISBN 978-88-7140-539-1 € 28,00 Edizioni Quasar copia autore QUADERNI DI EVTOPIA COMMENTARII NOVI DE ANTIQVITATIBVS TOTIVS EVROPAE Rivista diretta da Adriano La Regina 9 copia autore © Roma 2013 - Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon srl via Ajaccio 41-43, I-00198 Roma tel. 0685358444, fax 0685833591 www.edizioniquasar.it [email protected] ISBN 978-88-7140-539-1 copia autore Luca Rigobianco Su numerus, genus e sexus. Elementi per una grammatica dell’etrusco Edizioni Quasar copia autore copia autore SOMMARIO PREMESSA . 7 1 . PER UNA GRAMMATICA DELLA LINGUA ETRUSCA . GENERALIA . 11 1.0. Introduzione ........................................................11 1.1. Dal ‘paradigma dell’ermeneutica’ al ‘paradigma della grammatica’ .......12 1.1.1. Prima del 1984: il ‘paradigma dell’ermeneutica’ ...................12 1.1.1.1. Sui metodi ‘tradizionali’: Pallottino 1969 → 1978 e Rix 1971 → Prosdocimi 1985. 14 1.1.2. 1984: dalla ‘ermeneutica’ alla ‘grammatica’ .......................16 1.2. Riflessioni sul tema ‘grammatica della lingua etrusca’ ...............28 2 . PER UNA GRAMMATICA DELLA LINGUA ETRUSCA . EXEMPLA . IL SINTAGMA NOMINALE . 37 Parte prima. Morfologia di plurale .................................37 2.0. Premessa ......................................................37 2.1. Status quaestionis ...............................................39 2.2. I numerali e la marcatura del plurale ..............................45 2.2.1. snuiaφ/snuiuφ: un numerale? ................................54 2.3. Dalla grammatica all’ermeneutica, e ritorno (Zirkel im Verstehen). .56 2.3.1. *-(i)σva(-) .................................................56 2.3.2. tênθur ....................................................58 2.3.3. tivr-/ti(i)ur- ...............................................60 2.3.4. -
Jean Macintosh Turfa, Divining the Etruscan World: the Brontoscopic Calendar and Religious Practice
Jean MacIntosh Turfa, Divining the Etruscan World: The Brontoscopic Calendar and Religious Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Pp. xiii + 408; Figs. 24: ISBN 978-1-107-00907-3 (Hardback, £ 65.00). Nigidius Figulus’ brontoscopic calendar, preserved in Joannes Lydus’ De Ostensis, is, without doubt, an intriguing source for scholars of Etruscan culture. It was created around the mid-1st century BC by a “senator, statesman, grammarian, occultist, and natural historian (or encyclopedist)”1 and we can read it thanks to a transcription made in the 6th century AD by a “burocrate un po’ pedante, dai gusti eruditi e dalle ambizioni letterarie”2. As a matter of fact, it can be considered to be the only comprehensive and easily understandable Etruscan calendar: neither the liber linteus Zagabriensis (2nd century BC)3 nor the Capua tile (first decades of the 5th century BC), both written in Etruscan, are still fully comprehensible. Notwithstanding this, the scholar dealing with this document must bear in mind that the last two are direct sources, while Figulus’ brontoscopic calendar is a “third-hand source”, to use Jean MacIntosh Turfa’s (hereafter Turfa) expression. Firstly, its lengthy and complex historical journey has, surely, affected its contents, and, secondly, it is the written record of a religious practice, originally created by a culture (the Etruscan) and kept alive and transmitted through another one (the Roman). Bearing in mind these methodological premises, Turfa’s book can be read on a number of levels. Firstly, the book provides the first complete English translation of Figulus’ brontoscopic calendar. The author had already published a first version of it in 2006 in a book on Etruscan religion edited by Nancy de Grummond and Erika Simon4. -
Etruscan News 1-14 (2002-2012) Index
1 Etruscan News 1-14 (2002-2012) Index Articles: Amici Pigorini, 11, Winter 2009, p. 18. Ancient Skeleton Unearthed in Rome, 7, Winter 2006, p. 5. Anderson, Amanda, A Villanovan Hut Urn, 10, Spring 2008, p. 7, 1. de Angelis, Francesco, Controversy on the Discovery of the Lupercal, 9, Winter 2008, p. 5. Ara Pacis in Color, 12, Spring 2010, p. 9. Archaeologists in Rome dig up ancient tannery, 9, Winter 2008, p. 8. Asthana, Anushka, Latin storms state schools: Once the preserve of private schools, the language of the Romans is even booming in Britain's inner cities, 8, Summer 2007, p. 15. Babington, Deepa, Intact 2,000-year old Etruscan tomb discovered, 9, Winter 2008, p. 8. Ball, Philip, Ancient Acoustics: Why the Greeks could hear plays from the back row, 8, Summer 2007, p. 3. Barbujani, Guido, DNA and Etruscan Origins, 8, Summer 2008, p. 4. Bartlett, Charles, Representations of Etruscan Ships, 13, Winter 2010, p. 5. Bartoloni, Gilda, Veii and the Teracotta Dog, 14, Winter 2012, p. 7-8. Beckwith, Miles, Review of Bonfante, Larissa; Bonfante, Giuliano, The Etruscan Language: An Introduction, 4, Winter 2004, p. 16. Bellelli, Vincenzo, New Investigations at the Manganello Sanctuary (Cerveteri), 9, Winter 2008, p. 7-8. Bonfante, Larissa; Bevilacqua, Paolo, Etruscan Capitals at Montefiascone: Etruscan Influence in Romanesque Architecture, 7, Winter 206, p. 10-11. Bonfante, Larissa, An Etruscan Inscription in New York, 8, Summer 2007, p. 9. Bonfante, Larissa, The Etruscan Roots of an Italian Language School in New York, 3, Winter 2003, p. 3. Bonfante, Larissa, Museum News, 4, Winter 2004, p. -
Mares, Maris, Mars, and the Archaic Gods
MARES, MARIS, MARS, AND THE ARCHAIC GODS (Con la tav. XXXVIII f. t.) This article will be an interpretation of an old myth about a centaur Maris and an attempt at showing his place in the world of the archaic gods .* It can be said in general that the archaic Mediterranean peoples’ concept of life and death was different from that of the classical world. Their gods were different. Many of the important ones were what we call chthonic or chthonian, for the want of a better name. Chthonic, according to Webster’s Dictionary, is said of a divinity or spirit, dwelling or reigning in the underworld. However, most of those that interest us here could live in either world or commute between the two worlds. Those gods were plentiful in the Minoan, the old Roman, and the old Etruscan world. The first step must, of necessity, be an examination of the Maris myth, Se- condly, a characterization of the divinities with whom Maris was associated will reveal his nature. Thirdly, it will be timely to look at him in a larger environment. A natural point of departure is a recent article by Erika Simon « Il dio Marte nell’arte dell’Italia Centrale » *. This article is not a discussion of Mars in the art of Central Italy, as the title seems to indicate; it is rather an attempt at interpreting a picture on the side of a late 4th century Praenestine cista 2. * Besides the usual abbreviations <BCH, CIL, CIE, PW, etc.) these abbreviations are used: Bayet: J. Bayet, Herclé, Paris 1926. -
The Etruscan Civilization
The Etruscan Civilization Fred Hamori Introduction The Etruscans and their civilization have long disappeared from Europe, but their legacy lives on in many ways, even though their many contributions are often unrecognized for their proper origin. Why were they important, when we hear so little about them in our history books? Long before Rome was founded and grew into a major power, Etruscans ruled a large portion of Italy and the surrounding seas and were one of the 3 major naval powers of the Mediterranean Sea. They were famous for their architectural innovations, metal works and technology, as well as their fine artistic skills. The Etruscans have also given us many cultural terms, which we still use today, that are often thought to be from Latin. Their descendants are part and parcel of the people of Italy along with several others, like the Latins, who gave Italians and many others their language. Among the most important contributions to Rome, besides the construction of the city, are many Roman customs, the alphabet, symbols and customs of monarchy that came from the Etruscans. As a language and a culture, they were unique in Europe, because, unlike much of Europe in Roman and modern times, they were not speakers of Indo-European languages and their customs were also different. The Etruscans' name Various old languages have called Etruscans by different names. The Romans called them Tursci or Etrusci. In Attic Greek they were called Tyrrhenians. The related name Teresh was used by the Egyptians, who also knew them as "Sea People", who attacked Egypt.