Lrt for a New Generation Special Review

THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE

www.lrta.org www.tramnews.net

SEPTEMBER 2013 No. 909 ZARAGOZA: LRT FOR A NEW GENERATION SPECIAL REVIEW

Metro Sul do Tejo: Problem not solution? Riyadh signs mega-metro contracts Constantine trams open for business KinkiSharyo’s new California facility

Salt Lake City Woltersdorf £3.80 Update: Taking 90 years of village TRAX to the airport tramway operations THE HAC LONDON, UK 2 OCTOBER 2013

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p362 LRA_A4Advert.indd 1 05/08/2013 14:30 364 CONTENTS The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association SEPTEMBER 2013 Vol. 76 No. 909 www.tramnews.net EDITORIAL Editor Simon Johnston Tel: +44 (0)1733 367601 E-mail: [email protected] 13 Orton Enterprise Centre, Bakewell Road, Peterborough PE2 6XU, UK Associate Editor Tony Streeter E-mail: [email protected] Worldwide Editor 375 Michael Taplin Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK. E-mail: [email protected] News Editor John Symons 17 Whitmore Avenue, Werrington, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Senior Contributor Neil Pulling 379 Worldwide Contributors Aare Olander, Nikolai Semyonov, Sergei Tarkhov (CIS), Mike Russell, Norman Bartlett, Thomas Wagner, News 364 SYSTEMS FACTFILE: NUREMBURG 392 Pedro Costa, Richard Felski, Jordi Ibanez (Europe), Yoshiri Nogi (Japan), Anthony Bailey, Ian Hammond, Seoul revises nine-line LRT plans; Jerusalem Bavaria’s second centre is also one of Paul Nicholson (Australia), Vic Simons, Charles Lietwiler, to double Red line length by 2016; Riyadh Germany's great transport cities; Neil Puling Steve Morgan, Tom Swinney (US). awards contracts for 176km metro; LA Metro looks at the changed role of trams in the city. Production exercises further KinkiSharyo options. Carla Corrado Worldwide Review 397 Tel: +44 (0)1733 367604 E-mail: [email protected] TRAX TO THE AIRPORT 371 Brussels confirms two new tram routes Design Vic Simons revisits Salt Lake City to by 2020; Karlsruhe welcomes newest Debbie Nolan examine the new Green line extension. Bombardier tram-trains; Dublin reveals Luas advertising Commercial Manager shortlist for new operating concession; Lviv Vicky Binley creating an ‘age of resilience’ 372 unveils locally-built low-floor tram design. Tel: +44 (0)1733 367602 E-mail: [email protected] Kevin Leather and Dr David Viner discuss Advertising Manager how LRT planners, designers and operators Mailbox 402 Andy Adams need to build-in climate change resilience. How climate change is forcing change for Tel: +44 (0)1733 367605 E-mail: [email protected] LRT operators; more on integrated ticketing. Publisher almada lrt: is it a failure? 375 Howard Johnston Amid claims of causing ‘desertification’ of a Classic Trams: WOLTERSDORF 404 Tramways & Urban Transit is jointly published by the city, Ana Lopes, Pilar Orero and Guillermo Mike Russell reports from the centenary of LRTA and LRTA Publishing on the third Friday of each month preceding the cover date. Talavera examine Metro Sul do Tejo’s future. one of Germany’s great rural tramways. LRTA Website and Diary Brian Lomas tranvÍa de ZARAGOZA 379 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] TAUT examines the award-winning tramway project in southern Spain: its innovation, LRTA MEMBERSHIP (with TAUT subscription) Tramways & Urban Transit is sent free to all paid-up its succesful phased opening programme and its plans to build a second line, despite members of the Light Rail Transit Association. the worst economic climate in Spain for decades. You are welcome to join the LRTA. subscriptions LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 38 Wolseley Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK. All hail the ‘car trains’ of the future... BACK ISSUES Tel: +44 (0)1406 373070 We’re back to electric cars this month, following ‘new’ reports of automated PRINT AND DISTRIBUTION cars capable of running at high speeds across electrified super highways. Warners (Midlands) plc, The Maltings, West Street, Bourne, Firstly, this not a new idea. RCA and GM were playing with ‘electronic Lincs PE10 9PH, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1778 391000. highways’ and driverless cars in the 1960s. Back then they predicted we LRTA REGISTERED OFFICE would all have one by the 1980s... we’re still waiting. c/o 138 Radnor Avenue, Welling, Kent DA16 2BY, UK. Now Google and the major carmakers are back, trying to convince us all Private company limited by guarantee, No. 5072319 that the private car is not a dying mode. There’s talk of driverless vehicles that can drop in England and Wales. you off at work and then find a parking space (isn’t this just a chauffeur?), or plans for LRTA Chairman Andrew Braddock super highways with cars running at 100mph (160km/h)-plus speeds just centimetres apart with their passengers free to read a book, catch up on work, or even sleep. LRTA Deputy Chairman Vic Simons But isn’t that what trains, trams and metros have been offering for over a century? LRTA PUBLISHING REGISTERED OFFICE: c/o 8 Berwick Urban space is at a premium and this is only ever going to get worse before it gets better Place, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 4TU, UK. Private – so, in the same way as we do with our buildings, surely we need to think about how we Limited Company, No. 06169422 in England and Wales. maximise transport space in urban environments. © LRTA Publishing 2013. It’s about packaging. All these automated cars will still need parking spaces and Articles are submitted on the understanding they may also charging points and that still means taking up space somewhere. As Councillor Jane later be used on our websites or other media. A contribution Urqhart from Nottingham City Council illustrated so well at the recent UK Light Rail is accepted on the basis that its author is responsible for the Conference, one tram full of passengers is equal takes to three buses or 177 cars; the opinions expressed in it, and such opinions are not those of LRTA Publishing or the LRTA. All rights reserved. latter takes up an awful lot of road space – as well as parking spaces. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in For the end-to-end element, there’s always smaller PRT systems and peoplemovers any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including as feeder systems, or you can even grab a bike or walk if you’re only dropped off a few photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from hundred metres from your destination. We just have to look back... to the future. the copyright owner. Multiple copying of the contents of the magazine without prior written approval is not permitted.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 363 News

Toronto LRT/ subway row Seoul revises major LRT breaks out again city-linking project Renewed argument broke out in the Toronto city council in July as Mayor Rob Ford sought Ambitious plan announced for nine-line system to restructure transport to push through a plan that would see the Scarborough Rapid he Seoul city government citizens to get to any subway The city plans to contribute Transit automated line replaced has announced an station within ten minutes.” 35.7% of the total cost of the by a 7km (4.35-mile) extension ambitious plan to build Under the envisioned plan, project, with 13.7% coming from of the Bloor-Danforth subway a nine-line KRW8.55trn a revision of the city’s LRT central government, 4.5% from line on a new alignment, rather (approx.T EUR5.77bn) LRT system plan from 2008, the Seoul rail operators and the remaining than conversion to conventional over the next decade to restructure Metropolitan Government 46.1% from the private sector, light rail as part of the Metrolinx the South Korean capital’s will create the 85km (52.8- according to The Korea Herald. Eglinton project. transport and promote mass mile) network of nine radial City officials believe the The Mayor commented that he transit in the growing megacity. lines, increased from seven, to project is economically viable, was willing to put up taxes and The new lines will improve connect suburban areas largely expecting 10 000 passengers/day seek private sector involvement connectivity between the existing in the north-west and south- on the new system, and to meet the additional cost, nine-line metro (combined east and form links with the increasing city public transport however the city council voted length 314km, 195 miles) and city’s increasingly congested coverage from 64% to 75%. on 17 July to seek a bigger bolster the city’s economy. downtown area. Figures suggest A detailed report is due provincial contribution, about Mayor Park Won-soon said: that traffic congestion cost to be submitted to central CAD400-600m (the subway “Sticking to the rail-centered the city’s economy as much as government in September, extension has not yet been fully public transport policy, the city KRW8trn (EUR5.4bn) in 2011. following the conclusion of costed, but is expected to reach will restructure the system over The city has also decided to further environmental and CAD2.9bn). The province has the next ten years, allowing extend the current subway line 9. sustainability studies. offered CAD1.4bn, but the city wants at least CAD1.8bn. Cities such as Mississauga, waiting for light rail funding from the province, have accused Jerusalem Red line to be doubled in Toronto of demanding more, which could be at the expense of finance for other schemes. length following two years of success

The Red line carries 130 000 passengers per day; plans to double the line are expected to almost double this figure. R. Gandelman

The Scarborough RT line at Lawrence station on 14 June; the city council is still in debate over whether to convert to LRT or subway. V. Simons

DMRC takes back Delhi Airport Express Delhi Metro Rail Corporation took over the Airport Express line on 1 July after Delhi Airport Metro Express Private Ltd gave notice on 27 June. The 22.7km (14.1-mile) line opened in 2011 under a PPP The Israeli Government has (8.6-mile) Red line have been completion in 2016, and concession supposed to last 30 announced approval of the a success, with the latest tenders will be invited to years. There was already a period ILS4bn (EUR845m) extension passenger figures showing it bolster the existing fleet of 46 from July 2012 to January 2013 of the LRT Red line from transports 130 000 passengers/ Alstom Citadis 302 trams. when service was suspended to Mount Herzl to Hadassah Ein day; the extension hopes to Meanwhile Alstom has permit infrastructure faults to Kerem Medical Center, nearly almost double this to a quarter sold its 20% stake in the be remedied. After re-opening, doubling the line’s length to of a million passenger CityPass consortium to Israel patronage was about 10 000 32.6km (20.2 miles). journeys per day. Infrastructure Fund (which passengers/day, compared with The first two years of Work on the extension already had a 10% interest) for 20 000 before the problems. operation of the 13.8km should start shortly, for NIS30m (approx. EUR6.3m).

364 / September 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Leeds to apply for trolleybus powers Leeds City Council (UK) has voted for a formal application for the New Generation Transport (NGT) trolleybus scheme to the Department for Transport. It is expected the application will be lodged by 12 September and cover Line One – the 14km (nine-mile) section from Holt Park through the city to Stourton in the southern suburbs. Above left: An artist’s impression of the new LRVs on order for LA Metro from KinkiSharyo International; the initial order for 78 cars was placed in April 2012 with an option for a further 97 cars exercised on 25 July 2013. KinkiSharyo International Oslo tram repairs Following our report in TAUT 907, 21 AnsaldoBreda SL79 Above right: The first New Jersey Transit KinkiSharyo LRV with two additional centre sections, 2054, at Hoboken. J. Greller low-floor trams had been repaired with additional welding and reinforcement and returned to service in Oslo by the end of KinkiSharyo to build new June. Another was to follow in July, but more extensive work is required on many of the remaining nine trams. Californian assembly plant It is hoped the start of the winter timetable on 19 August Los Angeles Metro options trigger creation of new facility – and 250 jobs would see full service restored on the tram network.

n 25 July, the Los from the first option assigned to trips have doubled to over 45 000 Muscat LRT study Oman’s Ministry of Transport Angeles Metro board the Crenshaw line, scheduled to per day. To address the need for and Communications is to approved two options open in 2019. The remaining six increased capacity, the agency commission a feasibility study for 97 additional will replace life-expired P865 cars partnered with KinkiSharyo to consider options for mass OP3010 LRVs with KinkiSharyo that entered service in 1990. International, manufacturer of transit in and around the International in a USD396.7m In 2017-18, 69 vehicles will the the original Hudson-Bergen country’s capital, Muscat, local order for the under-construction replace the remaining P865/ LRVs, and operator 21st Century reports have suggested. Crenshaw/LAX line and to P2020 vehicles dating from 1995. Rail Corporation to find a The study will investigate replace life-expired vehicles. On the east coast, NJ Transit solution that would not impact options for a light rail line to serve the planned heavy rail The latest order follows on has unveiled a prototype infrastructure significantly, or network (part of a wider scheme from an initial tranche of 78 expanded LRV offering 50% require costly investment in to deliver 2200km – over 1360 cars worth USD299m ordered more seating capacity on the new cars. KinkiSharyo came up miles – of rail to connect to under a framework deal for up agency’s busy Hudson-Bergen with a design for an extended other GCC sates) near the city’s to 235 LRVs agreed in April Light Rail. “Through a successful vehicle, increasing the number international airport. 2012 and formalises a clause public-private partnership with of sections from three to five. in that contract that obliges the vehicle manufacturer, we The additional sections increase KinkiSharyo to establish a will be testing the expanded the car length by 11.3m. The bodyshell manufacturing and LRV on our system to test expanded LRV was placed into assembly facility in the US. the feasibility of converting service on 4 July, and will be In addition to the new facility additional vehicles in our fleet rotated to operate along the three Manchester in Palmdale, around 100km (62 in order to increase capacity and segments of the system during a miles) north-west of Los Angeles ensure a comfortable ride for six-month pilot programme. Metrolink to and the creation of 250 new more customers,” said New Jersey Development drew upon jobs, the manufacturer plans Department of Transportation existing resources and spare Trafford Park? to move its US headquarters Commissioner and NJ Transit equipment, resulting in Extension of Manchester from Westwood, MA, to the Los Board Chairman James Simpson. no additional cost to New Metrolink to Trafford Park Angeles suburb of El Segundo. Since the launch of Hudson- Jersey taxpayers. The cost for could gain approval as part After the original order is Bergen Light Rail in 2000, converting additional vehicles of an arrangement that gives fulfilled in 2017, the two options ridership has grown steadily. In would be developed jointly by Greater Manchester the power to will be delivered with 22 cars the past seven years, passenger NJ Transit and KinkiSharyo. decide on its own priorities for major transportation projects. The area has become the first to agree an ‘earnback’ deal with Government, which enables it to Constantine: Algeria’s third tramway invest in schemes it feels are the most important. As reported last month, Algeria’s from Stade Benabdelmalek 500 local employees have been The Greater Manchester third tramway of the modern in the city centre to Zouaghi- recruited. The same consortium Local Enterprise Partnership era was inaugurated in the Slimane via the university, and is already running tramways in has identified, in partnership city of Constantine on 4 July, was built by a consortium led Algiers and Oran. with its partners, two schemes a date co-inciding with the by the Italian firm Pizzarotti It is expected that 39.5m it wants to back first – extension 51st anniversary of Algerian and Alstom (work started at passengers/year will be carried, of Metrolink to the Trafford Park independence. Constantine, the end of 2008) for ALD44bn with service from 05.00- complex and a road proposal known as the city of bridges, is (EUR417m). 23.00 and a three-minute at Manchester Airport. The inland from the coast, midway The operation is managed peak headway, using 27 air- extension to Trafford Park would between Algiers (430km, approx. by SETRAM, a joint enterprise conditioned Alstom Citadis 302 be longer than that originally 270 miles) and Tunis. of Metro d’Alger, bus operator trams. Ali Mendjeli depot has envisaged when it was hoped The 8.1km (five-mile) ETUSA and RATP Dev (which has been designed to accommodate developers would make a standard-gauge tramline runs a 49% stake), for ten years. Some 47 trams for future expansion. substantial contribution.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 365 News Riyadh: 176km of new metro by 2018

hree major contracts for the 176km (109-mile), 87-station automated metro project in Riyadh, TSaudi Arabia, were awarded on 29 July by the Arriyadh Development Authority – detailed design on the EUR16.3bn project is to begin immediately with construction to begin in 2014 for opening in 2018. One of the world’s largest urban transport projects, it is An artist’s impression of Gerber Olaya station, just one of the many inspiring structures intended for the Riyadh Metro project. envisaged to create 30 000 jobs during peak construction phases improve air quality. This is the New Mobility in a EUR4.46bn The FAST consortium, led by and is funded by the Saudi biggest infrastructure project to contract, including construction FCC and including Samsung, government through its Public be undertaken in the Kingdom of of two landmark stations, Qasr Al Alstom, Strukton, Freyssinet Investment Fund. The Saudi Saudi Arabia and is a cornerstone Hokom and Western. Saudi Arabia, Typsa and Setec capital currently has a population of the bold future of our city.” Infrastructure will be is to build lines 4,5 and 6 for of around six million, but this is Lines 1 and 2 will be delivered by Salini-Impreglio, EUR5.9bn. These three lines expected to grow to more than designed and built by the BACS Larsen & Toubro and Nesma total 64.6km (40 miles) with 25 eight million in coming decades. consortium, led by Bechtel and with electrical and mechanical stations – 29.8km (18.5 miles) of Ibrahim Bin Muhammad including Siemens and Middle equipment by AnsaldoSTS and viaduct and 8.2km (5.1 miles) at Al Sultan, ADA President and Eastern-based Almabani General Bombardier. AnsaldoSTS has grade, with three tunnel boring Member of the High Commission Contractors and Consolidated a EUR514m contract share to machines to be used to build the for the Development of Arriyadh, Contractors Company. The provide automation systems, 26.6 route km within tunnel. said: “Riyadh today is one of contract value is EUR7.15bn for CBTC, third rail power supplies, Alstom’s EUR1.2bn contract the world’s fastest growing the two lines, totalling 63.3km the control centre, telecoms and includes 69 two-car Metropolis cities and deserves a world- (39.3 miles). The north-south line depot provisioning. Bombardier’s trainsets, Urbalis signalling and class public transport system… 1 will be mainly underground, EUR289m share includes HESOP reversible substations The Riyadh Public Transport while line 2 runs east-west, supplying 47 two-car Innovia allowing regenerated energy to Project will be a major driver mostly in the road median strip. driverless trains with MITRAC return to the network. Appitrack of employment and economic Line 3, the longest at 40.7km traction equipment. An option tracklaying technology will be development and will also help (25.3 miles) with 22 stations, of ten years’ maintenance could used. There is an option for a ten- reduce traffic congestion and has been awarded to ArRiyadh add USD249m to this contract. year maintenance agreement.

UK light rail passenger figures on the rise – but picture is patchy Some 222 million passenger where operated route mileage journeys were made on light rail did not increase. In Nottingham, vehicles on the eight UK systems passenger journeys dropped during the 2012-13 financial by approximately 18% but year, 18m (9%) more than during revenue stayed at about the same the previous year. Nearly 60% level because of an increase in of trips were on the London ticket prices and more revenue systems, the Docklands Light protection exercises. Railway and London Tramlink. The number of passenger The DLR alone carried 14m journeys made on Nottingham more passengers, with the Express Transit has slumped by Bombardier’s Flexity Freedom mock-up on display in Kitchener in July. Bombardier Olympics contributing to the around a quarter over the last 16% growth. Tramlink carried five years to the lowest since 30.1m passengers, an increase of the line opened, at 7.4m for the Waterloo – Kitchener 1.5m on the previous financial 12 months ending in March. year. At the same time ticket The network carried 10.2m in chooses Bombardier receipts increased by 5% to a 2007-8 but has lost many of its total GBP22.5m (EUR26.1m). passengers since most integrated The Regional Council for the and was visited by more than The increase is in line with bus and tram tickets were Canadian conurbation has agreed 1300 people, earning positive those on London Buses and the withdrawn after the concession to piggyback onto the Metrolinx reviews. The 19km (11.8-mile) Underground and is, in part, due changed to the Tramlink order for low-floor LRVs and line, branded ION, will link to additional tourism around the Nottingham consortium. The order 14 Flexity Freedom cars from Conestoga Mall in Waterloo to Olympic and Paralympic Games. recession is also being partly Bombardier. The total order value Fairview Park Mall in Kitchener. Outside London, the picture blamed. A new range of ticket is CAD92.4 (EUR67.7m), with an An extension to Cambridge was mixed with more passengers offers is proposed for later this option for a further 14 cars. city centre is planned as stage 2, on the expanding Manchester year and it is hoped that these A mock-up of the front two bringing the line to 36km Metrolink and the re-opened will help build traffic numbers. sections of a Flexity Freedom (22.4 miles). A construction Blackpool tramway, but with Concessionary passengers was displayed at the Kitchener contract is expected in spring, falling or steady passenger made up 13% of journeys, a council offices in mid-July, with opening in 2017. numbers on the four systems similar proportion to 2011/12.

366 / September 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Alicante to open Line 2 Light rail service on Alicante London: A new Tube line 2 (Luceros – Sant Vicent del Raspeig) is set to finally begin on 15 September, after two years of delay while FGV sought a private extension, takeovers and operator. Testing and driver training started on 1 July. The 7.4km (4.6-mile) EUR100m surface innovative track renewals line serves the university. The 1.2km (0.75-mile) 4L La Marina – Sangueta shuttle ran for DfT grants powers for Croxley as TfL prepares to expand Overground the last time on 30 June; this was the city’s first LRT trial section, originally worked by two trams he UK Department for Overground route south of over conventional methods. The borrowed from Halle in Germany. Transport has granted Watford High Street Station. sleepers arrive on site complete Mendoza LRT depot the necessary powers The current Metropolitan line with all components ready to A former locomotive repair shop for the Croxley Rail terminus at Watford will close thread the rails on to the sleepers for the metre-gauge Ferrocarriles LinkT extension to the London once the line opens. and automatically drive the clips Argentinos (Argentine Underground’s Metropolitan line Construction is to start next on to the rails. Railways) located just east of to Watford Junction station, with year, with opening scheduled Transport for London is also Luzuriaga Metrotranvía station has been outfitted as a depot/ route surveys to begin in August. for 2016. The project is to be to take over key commuter rail maintenance facility for the light Funding for the GBP118m co-ordinated with resignalling of routes out of Liverpool Street rail line. Work began in 2012, (EUR135m) scheme was the Metropolitan line. station that are at present part and the new depot was formally confirmed in 2011, and the order In other Underground of the West Anglia franchise. dedicated on 23 May 2013. granted by the DfT in July allows news, the Track Partnership, a The lines serve six London The 1020m2 facility has a single Hertfordshire County Council collaboration between LU and Boroughs and parts of track, which can accommodate and LU the powers to build, Balfour Beatty Rail, has installed Hertfordshire, including Enfield three to four U2 LRVs. operate and maintain the link. the first new sleeper design in the Town, Cheshunt (via Seven Sydney signs agreements The project will see the last three decades on the capital’s Sisters) and Chingford. The NSW government has signed Metropolitan line redirected metro network. TfL will take over agreements with Randwick from Croxley station, partially Cemex Rail Solutions’ new responsibility for 23 of the Council, Centennial Parklands on a disused alignment, and the 1502 concrete sleepers with 25 stations served, but not and the University of New South creation of two new stations, Pandrol FASTCLIP ‘FE’ rail Liverpool Street and Cheshunt. Wales aimed at facilitating Ascot Road and Vicarage Road, fastenings as a preassembled The services are to be marketed construction of the proposed 12km (7.5-mile) AUD1.6bn as well as a viaduct over the unit are installed using the NTC as London Overground and (EUR1.07bn) south-east light Grand Union canal before tracklaying train; renewal times TfL hopes the takeover will be rail project. linking with the current London can be cut by as much as 50% completed in 2015.

Nevelo on test in Kraków

On 25 June the first tram wires. The project has been built by Newag was unveiled financed through a PLN4.9m in Kraków. The 31.65m car, (EUR1.15m) loan from the designated 126N and named National Centre for Research Nevelo, is numbered 2205 and and Development. will be tested on route 8. The Newag is an established three-section, 100% low- rolling stock builder, and floor tram accommodates 60 in 2012 was selected in seated passengers with space partnership with Modertrans for another 175 standing. to supply trams to Olszytn. There are four 105kW motors However a legal challenge saw and supercaps to permit the order annulled, and the operation away from overhead contract signed with Solaris. The new Škoda 30T trams for Bratislava will feature rotating bogies based on the 15T design for Praha. Skoda Bratislava orders Škoda trams Škoda has signed a EUR39m a passenger capacity of 242 (52 contract to provide 15 30T 32.5m seated), four x 100Kw motors five-section metre-gauge air- and a maximum speed of conditioned double-ended trams 65km/h (40mph). to the Slovak capital, Bratislava. There is an option for a Deliveries are scheduled to start further 15 trams, plus a 15-year in summer 2015. maintenance contract; some 85% The 30T is based on the 26T of the funding for the order has design currently being delivered been provided by the European to Miskolc in Hungary, but Regional Development Fund. incorporates some elements Škoda also recently concluded of the 15T For City tram at the sale of 80 new trolleybuses present entering service in large to the city of Bratislava, which numbers in Praha (Prague), and has abandoned previous plans Newag’s Nevelo low-floor tram is unveiled to the press on 25 June. Newag provides an 89% low-floor area, for a metro.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 367 News focus CAF ready to ship Midland Metro trams As the first of a new GBP40m fleet of trams is about to be shipped to the UK’s West Midlands from CAF’s manufacturing facility in Zaragoza, Peter Plisner of the BBC was given a sneak preview…

aving visited Naples the existing fleet; some may be 15 years ago to see refurbished for future use during the original Midland periods of high demand. Metro trams being The new 100% low-floorUrbos 3 Hbuilt, there was a certain feeling trams are bigger than the of history repeating itself when AnsaldoBreda T69s, providing I arrived in Zaragoza. The new greater passenger capacity and trams for the West Midlands the ability to achieve the long- tramway are being built by held ambition of a six-minute CAF here and evidence of frequency. Geoff Inskip, Centro what passengers can expect chief executive, says: “The new can be found close by as the trams will have lower floors, manufacturer also provided the making access easier. Passengers trams for its home city and is part will also notice that they are of a consortium that runs the much bigger and obviously there’s new system (see TAUT’s special a lot more space for people.” review starting on page 379). The new trams have just 54 In all, CAF is building 20 seats, but can carry 200 passengers trams for Midland Metro, compared to 150 for the existing initially for the existing line cars – the extra capacity will between Birmingham and certainly come in useful. With Wolverhampton and later on the many people making end-to-end extension to Birmingham’s New Wolverhampton – Birmingham Street Station. Yet in addition journeys, the existing trams have to the Birmingham trams, CAF always been busier than expected. is currently building LRVs for The original trams were built Houston and Nantes. Jorge by AnsaldoBreda in the early Piqueras, the firm’s lead engineer 1990s, but they were never for the Midland Metro trams, says: as reliable as had been hoped “It’s one of the biggest contracts and plans for the six-minute we have won so far and 20 trams frequency throughout the day From Zaragoza to Wednesbury: By the time you read this the first new Urbos 3 for us is an important number of were never properly realised, for the UK’s Midland Metro system should have been shipped from CAF’s factory. vehicles to be delivered. After two partly because of the need for an years of hard work, having the intensive maintenance regime. trams are being replaced; others advanced with the transport vehicles running in Birmingham Also, because of a problem include capacity constraints and authority claiming the first will be very emotional.” with spares, one tram was taken issues related to gradients on the extension will boost the West So far only one tram has been out of service and effectively new city centre route. Midlands economy by GBP50m completed and it’s currently cannibalised. Since then, parts As reported in TAUT 906, (EUR57.5m) a year and create undergoing final static testing. have been made by local firms the Birmingham City Centre 1300 sustainable new jobs. Once it arrives in the UK based in the Black Country and Extension from Snow Hill to The arrival of the Midland it will undergo a period of as a result in the last few years New Street station is costing Metro, more than a decade ago, commissioning in a new facility the trams have become much GBP128m (EUR150m), but has already led to regeneration in at Midland Metro’s Wednesbury more reliable. But of course Centro’s ambitions don’t end some parts of the Black Country. depot. The depot is currently that reliability requires more there. A scheme to run through It’s hoped it’s arrival in the city being expanded to house the of staff and higher costs at the the revamped ‘Paradise Forum’ centre will have the same effect. new trams and store the old depot. Centro officials cite high and into Centenary Square close Peter Plisner is the BBC’s ones – Centro hasn’t officially maintenance costs as one of to Birmingham’s International Midlands Business and announced what will happen to the main reasons the original Convention Centre is well Transport Correspondent

A view from the driver’s seat. CAF is also currently fulfilling Work on the next batch of trams is Geoff Inskip (left), of West Midlands Passenger orders for new LRVs for the French city of Nantes and the already underway; the first is anticipated Transport Executive Centro, being interviewed onboard METRORail network in Houston, USA. to enter service in April 2014. one of the new vehicles. All pics: BBC West Midlands.

368 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org BATTING FOR THE EDGBASTON BIRMINGHAM WEST MIDLANDS 16 OCTOBER 2013

Better transport... more contracts... more jobs Midland Metro expansion, the HS2 rail link and extensions to Birmingham Airport could bring over £50bn into the UK’s West Midlands over the next decade – but what about further improving the road and light rail networks to meet them?

Just one day after the UK Government’s next major policy statement on HS2, Chairman Douglas Oakervee CBE will be leading the debate at Batting for the West Midlands – and he and our panel of senior transport and business leaders, including Sir Albert Bore, Leader of Birmingham City Council, are prepared to face your questions. BATTING FOR THE WEST MIDLANDS ...is a black-tie evening, beginning with a Champagne Reception, four-course dinner, and networking into the early hours.

For more details, or to book your place, contact Vicky Binley on 01733 367602 or [email protected]

SUPPORTED BY SPEAKERS » Douglas Oakervee CBE “This is the opportunity of a lifetime for the West Midlands region… it’s about creating a brand new skills base.” » Sir Albert Bore “Working together, we can make Birmingham the Enterprise Capital of Britain.”

Other participants include Paul Kehoe, CEO of Birmingham Airport, MEDIA PARTNER Andrew Cleaves, International Development Director, National Express, Steve Hollis, Birmingham & Solihull LEP and Jerry Blackett, CEO of Birmingham Chamber of Commerce. ORGANISED BY

p369 BforWM A4_TAUT1309.indd 1 05/08/2013 14:32 in your next issue of

21 years of manchester metrolink: special review TAUT celebrates the UK's largest tram network, examining its current 'Big Bang' expansion as well the system's exciting future. RATP / Sutton RATP toronto and the gtha: lessons on running a the big move modern tramway depot Vic Simons returns to Toronto after a 40-year absence to assess RATP’s Christophe Chaillou is in charge of the T3 tram depot in the multi-billion dollar LRT and Subway revolution that is set to Paris. He explains to TAUT the organisation, daily life and main transform Canada's largest metropolitan complex. challenges and responsibilities of a busy tram facility. PLUS... OCTOBER SYSTEMS FACTFILE: GOTHENBURG Gothenburg light rail covers a watery and rocky cityscape: it is now juggling stock resources to issue handle issues with its newest vehicles. Neil Pulling reports from Scandinavia's biggest tramway. + The latest rolling stock orders and movements, new on sale technology, system developments and transport policy September 20

370 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Salt Lake City Update

Salt Lake City 1180 at the Airport terminus on 3 May, Making TRAX to looking towards the city. the Airport Since TAUT ’s visit to Salt Lake City earlier in 2013 various developments have expanded transit in the region – with more to come. Vic Simons reports.

pril 2013 saw the opening of the TRAX Green line extension to Salt Lake City International Airport. The line was described in some detail in Athe February 2013 edition (902), and TAUT returned in May to see the 8.2km (5.1-mile) Green line Airport route in operation. Leaving the Blue line alignment at Arena the new line turns north before heading west onto North Temple Street. There number of passengers in addition to the more The first station south from Salt Lake Central are five new stations on North Temple, obvious Airport ridership. is Murray, which provides a third TRAX the first of which, Guadalupe, provides a On leaving the 1950 West station, the line interchange, although there is a car park new interchange with Frontrunner, the crosses back to the north side of North Temple between the two lines. The Draper station will station being located on the bridge across before taking a new alignment parallel with be some distance from the new TRAX station the Frontrunner and Union Pacific freight the airport’s access road from Interstate 15, of the same name (see below). All stations tracks. The bridge was completely rebuilt arriving at a two-track island platform have extensive park-and-ride facilities and the as part of the Airport extension and the terminus. The station is located just south of usual timetable information, ticket machines, station provides lifts, escalators and steps the domestic arrivals hall, with a level crossing and next train display information. down to the Frontrunner platforms. and a crossover just short of the terminus. While in Salt Lake City the opportunity At Guadalupe the Green line alignment This crossing leads to the unusual situation was taken to look at construction progress of is located on the north side of North Temple where a driver has to manually set the road the Draper extension, planned to open later and moves into the median heading before leaving the station for the city centre; in 2013. While most of the infrastructure towards the Airport on which there are a no CCTV is in place to allow central control to is complete, work is still in progress at the further four stations. All stations are colour- set the route. Yet this point is the only minor frontage and car park at the Draper terminus. coded green as are the traction poles. criticism of what is an excellent extension Plans are being prepared to extend the Although the area of North Temple did which appears to meet public demand. line further south to Lehi, although this is not seem heavily populated on TAUT’s The Frontrunner southern extension was currently only at the conceptual stage, with latest visit it did seem to attract a significant also described in some detail in TAUT 902. no costs or timeframes attached as yet.

Crescent View station on 4 May. This is the second stop on the four-station Draper extension.

Frontrunner car 21 at Provo on 3 May. All trains now use regular and bi-level coaching stock. The locomotive is normally at the north end of the train.

View of Draper extension southwards from the current Blue line Sandy terminus.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org SEPTEMBER 2013 / 371 Climate change and transport CLIMATE CHANGE AND TRANSPORT: CREATING AN AGE of resilience

Kevin Leather and Dr David existing climate at the time of its construction, The impacts of climate change vary Viner of Mott MacDonald look but also to climate variations over decades by country and region, but all public of operation. transportation systems are potentially at some of the issues facing With increasing frequency, catastrophic affected by climate impacts. An expected transport operators and how, weather events have forced closure and increase in the frequency and magnitude of service disruption on major light and urban many extreme climatic events will provide as an industry, we need to rail networks around the world. Such weather greater challenges to operators, authorities focus on climate resilience. extremes are a wake-up call for the transport and infrastructure maintainers. sector that we cannot ignore. Decisions made now will shape the design, All too frequently we hear of travel development and operation of transport ransport is becoming disruptions due to flooding of the road infrastructure systems with lifetimes increasingly vulnerable to the network, landslides onto railway lines, sometimes extending into the end of the effects of weather and climatic lightning strikes affecting signalling, high century. We must act now to design, manage events. As outlined by the UK winds affecting overhead line equipment and adapt new transport infrastructure to Government’s Climate Resilient or buckling of railway lines and softening make it more efficient, robust and resilient to TInfrastructure: Preparing for a Changing Climate roadways during a heatwave. future climate conditions. report, existing infrastructure assets are The recent flooding in Germany, Hungary already vulnerable to today’s climate and and large parts of central Europe during Climate change – how should the climate change is expected to have significant June caused around EUR12bn of damage transport industry respond? implications for infrastructure assets, through major disruption and damage to The findings of the Intergovernmental particularly those such as transport, with transport infrastructure and services. Could Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that long operational lifetimes. the funding used to repair the damage have modelled changes in climate are realistic. This makes such proposed transport been otherwise spent on building long-term Changes in observed carbon dioxide infrastructure sensitive not only to the resilience into the existing assets? concentrations, global mean temperature,

372 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org and sea level rise are all at the high end of the The transport industry is now moving policies and guidance in their respective projections that have been provided by the towards adapting to climate change by Local Transport Plans as set out in the Local scientific community. planning, designing and operating climate- Transport Act 2008. It is therefore time to recognise that we resilient public transport. We believe In addition to measures to reduce are already struggling to reduce greenhouse that this will be mainly achieved by fully greenhouse gas emissions, it is important gas emissions and deliver a low carbon engaging stakeholders including government, that local authorities put in place measures society. As well as working to reduce the designers, planners and transport operators to to improve the resilience of local transport to rate of climate change, we must also assess the risks and develop resilient solutions. the impacts of climate change. concentrate our efforts preparing to adapt to the changes in climate that have already The UK Government’s response A designer’s response been set in motion. It is now the duty of Local Transport Many transport infrastructure projects have Without action, transport systems will Authorities to implement the UK a design life of some 60 years or more. The become more vulnerable. The LRT industry Government’s climate change adaptation climate in six decades’ time will be very is becoming more aware of the need to adapt different to that experienced today. How can their systems to reduce the level of disruption “Repairing the damage we be sure that the design and operation of our that extreme weather events can cause. For transport systems will take this future climate example, Dubai’s light rail system was designed from recent events uses into account? The answer lies in robust to protect it from storm and floodwater. The planning and engineering design approaches rail industry is also identifying geographical funding that could have that identify and respond to climate risk. areas that might benefit from climate change Perhaps the greatest gains can be achieved such as warmer and longer summers which otherwise been spent on by building in climate resilience into the can attract more tourists to an area and engineering design process. Design decisions increase demand for transport. building future resilience .” taken at early stages are generally more cost effective than reactive responses or retrofitting. Taking an adaptive approach can lead to significant long-term economic savings during the operational phases of projects, both to the operator and the wider economy.

A planner’s response In 2012, the proposal for the revised Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive strengthened the provisions related to climate change. This is expected to provide a platform for climate change adaptation issues to be addressed to build resilience into the decision-making process as part of the planning and development of major transport infrastructure development. The proposal introduced clear references to ‘climate change’ and detailed descriptions of climate change adaptation issues to be addressed in project screening and in the EIA report. Specifically, these proposals make reference to “impacts relevant to adaptation including the impacts of climate change on the project and the contribution of the project to wider resilience.” These changes are expected to come into force in the future revision of the EIA directive, during 2014. In support of the future direction of EIA policy, best practice responses consider:

The resilience of a proposed development to climate risks. The impact of the scheme on the wider environment’s vulnerability and capacity to adapt to climate risks.

ABOVE: The city of Prague, Czech Republic, saw some of the worst flooding in over a decade in June, affecting transport services. Robert Mara

LEFT: Tram services in Prague were rearranged at the beginning of June as the River Vlatava rose and threatened to burst its banks. Early precautionary closures across metro stations in the Czech capital saw flood damage minimised. Robert Mara

FAR LEFT: Calgary's C-Train LRT service was badly affected by the flooding in late June, with large sections of the network closed, flooded tunnels and major damage to sections of infrastructure. Services took almost two weeks to resume on some sections. City of Calgary

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 373 Climate change and transport

“Developing and maintaining momentum will enable decision-makers to ensure that the coming era is not one of the ‘age of catastrophe’, but one of the ‘age of resilience’ in whch we adapt to climate change.”

As with any EIA process, where the project identifying and addressing climate risk. It has is likely to be affected by climate change, been used for clients such as the European about the authors adaptation measures are considered as part Investment Bank, several large city councils, of the design to improve the resilience of regional transport authorities and electricity Kevin Leather is a chartered environmentalist the project. transmission operators. and environmental consultant with over The adoption of procedures and methods The Mott MacDonald CCRA framework 25 years’ consultancy experience in to embed Climate Change Risk Assessment has been proven in the design and planning environmental impact assessment (EIA), management and auditing for transport, energy within the EIA process is currently in its context. On behalf of Metro and Network and infrastructure projects. infancy. Mott MacDonald is currently Rail on the Leeds Southern Station Entrance His experience includes the environmental contributing to the development of guidance (LSSE) project, an integrated approach was detailed design and consents for London on climate change and EIA supporting the adopted to enable the scheme to minimise (Croydon) Tramlink, including production of the Institute of Environmental Management and greenhouse gas emissions and build construction Environmental Management Plans; Assessment. resilience to climate risks. Also, on behalf environmental impact assessment on Phase 2 of of Metro and Leeds City Council (LCC), a Nottingham Express Transit and environment Mott MacDonald’s approach to similar approach is being taken for the and sustainability assessments for Leeds NGT. planning for climate-resilient Leeds New Generation Transport (NGT) transport schemes trolleybus scheme. Dr David Viner is an internationally- recognised climate change expert, with Driven by policy changes and a rapidly The focus of this CCRA framework is over 20 years’ experience in contributing changing climate, transport organisations constantly evolving. We are developing to major international climate change need to develop the processes and culture practical climate change adaptation projects – including large-scale global that makes it the norm to mainstream responses for different sectors around the research programmes for DEFRA; EU; NERC; climate resilience in their planning and world in support of climate resilient policy Environment Agency; NATO; European Science strategies. formation, strategy development, action Foundation; FCO and the World Bank. He has We use Climate Change Risks Assessments planning and design. published over 100 peer-reviewed papers and (CCRA) to ensure developments are resilient Developing and maintaining momentum reports on all aspects of climate change. David has also provided strategic advice and address the concerns of the financial will help decision-makers to ensure that and leadership to governmental, commercial investment and insurance sectors. These the coming era is not one of the ‘age of and not-for-profit organisations, working in 55 concerns are globally relevant. catastrophe’, but rather the ‘age of resilience’, countries and managing multi-disciplinary Mott MacDonald has developed an in which we adapt to climate change and plan teams to deliver global projects. innovative and evidence-based approach to for climate-resilient public transport.

Mott MacDonald Building a climate resilient future

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374 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Metro Sul do Tejo Almada’s tramway: Problem not solution?

Metro Sul do Tejo’s three lines were designed to reinforce public transport inside Almada, but also to improve Almada’s LRT story hasn’t mobility from Seixal, Montijo, Moita and Barreiro to Lisbon. A. Lopes been one of huge success. In fact, it's seemingly the opposite, of a minimum of 16 139 445 users [10] – north and south banks. The county remained as Ana Lopes, Pilar Orero and and reinforcing the need for such a service. agricultural until the 17th Century, when the However, these numbers were not achieved, first industries arrived. Guillermo Talavera from the and revenues are actually much lower than In 1801 3363 people lived in Almada. Center of Ambient Intelligence expected, jeopardising MST expansion. This number rose gradually during the 19th Another factor blamed on the MST project Century, but dramatically increased during and Accessibility of Catalonia, was the so-called ‘desertification’ of the city; the 20th Century (See table 1, page 376). Universitat Autònoma de residents have said the line increased the The affordability of land along the river, a obstacles for people wanting to reach the city gradual decline of agriculture, and industrial Barcelona explain. centre. Many shops in principal streets closed growth attracted people but also boosted during construction – and never re-opened. the construction and urban redefinition As such, MST faces serious problems with of Almada [1]. Access to places outside the he Metro Sul do Tejo (MST) is a regard to its economic viability and the county’s centre was difficult and slow; people street tramline inaugurated in government disapproves of construction were forced to walk long distances in their August 2008 in Almada, Portugal. of the planned second and third phases of daily commutes. Crossing the river to Lisbon The companies engaged in the the project, endangering realisation of the was complicated and time-consuming. project were part of a consortium scheme’s original purpose. thatT included Almada and other cities that Solving surburban mobility issues are part of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area – Almada’s history Although largely responsible for the or LMA. The project’s aim was to improve Almada’s first inhabitants settled in a wide establishment of the population of the inhabitants’ mobility and access to Lisbon. promontory facing the River Tagus. A main county, the Tagus was a natural barrier to Studies undertaken presented a very corridor of communication, the river also circulation. In 1944, 10 000 passengers optimistic picture, forecasting traffic in 2008 constituted a natural boundary between the crossed the river every day, but by 1954 this

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 375 Metro Sul do Tejo

Table 1 Number of residents in Almada per year

Year 1801 1894 1900 1930 1960 1981 1991 2001 2008 2011

Number of residents 3363 6440 15 764 23 694 70 968 147 690 151 783 160 825 166 103 174 030 in Almada

Source: INE. Census 2011. had doubled to 20 000 [7]. The urgent need The Metro Sul do Tejo (MST) as outlined by the various MST/government for a bridge over the river – a long discussed Almada’s public bus service, Transportes Sul studies, were: project – led to its opening in 1966. do Tejo (TST – Transport from South Tagus), Improved access to Almada and better The bridge’s construction and the predates the creation of MST. TST provides connections to Lisbon. strengthening of links between the two frequent connections to Almada’s downtown Mobility improvements for the entire banks of the river improved mobility for but less frequent ones for its surroundings. south bank population, better articulation commuters from the south to Lisbon. It TST’s main fuel is diesel, and according to between modal transportation systems. also saw the growth of denser urban areas Elac – Local Strategy for Climatic Alterations [10] Reduced waste in resources and travel times. near access roads to the bridge and river, – it is responsible, along with private vehicles, Increased public transport capacity and promoting the use of private transport and for 43% of CO2 emissions. quality. allowing a more dispersed occupation of TST only has dedicated bus lanes on the Greater comfort for public transport users[9]. the Setúbal Peninsula. The new urban areas river bridge, which means buses elsewhere The same studies estimated that 28m offered no public transport; people have to use the same road space as automobiles, people would be transported in the initial travel longer distances to reach their places suffering the same congestion and delays. years, with 90 000 per day in weekdays. The of work (the great majority of them being Creating a light rail system to reinforce second and third phases of construction in the capital, Lisbon) and this requires public transport in Almada was therefore would help solidify these numbers. private transport. part of a City Hall strategy to reorder urban Private transport use was somewhat space and improve the environment and Usage of MST restrained during the 1970s due to a global circulation [9]. The contract between the Portuguese state oil crisis, but in the following decade MST construction began in 2006. Three and the MST Consortium in 2008 was “traffic on the bridge accelerated again to phases of works were planned, connecting negotiated on the forecast from the initial extraordinary rates of growth of around the centre of the city to main transport studies. It stated that the State should 6.5% per year” [7, p. 13]. These values increased interchanges and creating new interfaces compensate the consortium by the amount exponentially during the 1990s and, outside the city’s centre, serving the not achieved through ticket and other according to the Mobility Plan: Accessibility populations from Seixal, Moita and Barreiro. revenues. However by 2011, with the ridership 21 “140 000 car trips are generated per day in The first phase, concluded in 2008, forecast not achieved, the state was paying the centre of Almada [in 2001] ... and about corresponds to lines 1 (Cacilhas, ferry/bus the consortium millions of Euros per year. 3500 vehicles cross Centro Sul [rotunda at the interchange – Corroios, train interchange), The Court of Auditors held an audit follow- entrance of Almada], heading towards Lisbon 2 (Corroios – Pragal, Fertagus interchange) up and the resulting report states that “The or Seixal" [7, p. 8]. and 3 (Cacilhas – Universidade). The benefits, MST project does not present evidence to be economically feasible, and the concessionaire itself recognises that economic viability... is not possible without State support.” [12, p. 7]. The numbers presented were much lower than estimated (see table 2, below). After this audit, Agência Lusa (National Agency for Information) reported that the second and third phases of MST construction were on hold, and the contract between the State and consortium would be renegotiated. Among the issues highlighted by the audit are: A high rate of ticket fraud – around 25%. According to the concessionaire, some passengers do not validate tickets because of the ‘open’ validation system; machines are aboard LRVs and many users only validate tickets when ticket control occurs. The network’s design is not suited to current population needs, leaving out the Garcia de Orta Hospital (located on the edge of the central nucleus of the county) and Almada Fórum, a shopping centre in Feijó (at the southern border of the county). The MST’s fleet of 24 100% low-floor Siemens Combino Plus LRVs are far from packed, with ridership of the system concessionaire argues that the network in the fourth year of operation (its highest) being at around a third of the initial forecasts. A. Lopes was conceived in the early 1990s and built almost 20 years later, without factoring in Table 2 population or developmental shifts. [12, p. 21] Traffic forecast versus actual traffic High compensation paid by the State between 2008-11 – around EUR7.5m/year. 2008 2009 2010 2011 However, MST passenger satisfaction surveys found that the degree of overall Estimated minimum usage 16 139 445 88 064 228 88 228 363 88 681 649 satisfaction stood at 77% in 2009 and 78% in 2010 [12, p. 10]. So why is the traffic volume Real traffic 1 889 278 24 725 862 29 329 763 32 261 410 so small compared to original expectations, Source: Auditoria de Seguimento da Concessionária MST. Tribunal de Contas, 2011, p.10. despite high user satisfaction?

376 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org The Metro Sul do Tejo network as initially projected. However, lower ridership for the initial section has seriously jeoparised future expansion.

Cacilhas 25 de Abril S. Joäo BaptistaGil Vicente 1 3 Almada

Monte de Caparica Ramalha Bento Gonçalves Universidade Pragal Costa de Caparica Cova de Piedade Baixa da Banheira S Pargue da Paz Barreiro A 2 3 Fomega António Gedeäo Lavradio Boa Esperança Moita Laranjeiro Almada Sto. Amaro Terminal Fluvial

Seixal Casa do Povo

Estaleiro Centro Civico Barreiro Corroios 2 1

In operation Seixal Cruz de Pau Planned Foros de Amora Possible Paivas extension

Fogueteiro “Rather than a result of MST’s implementation, Almada’s Why the poor results? ‘desertification’ is more a consequence of an ageing As previously stated, MST’s three lines were to reinforce public transport inside Almada, population, something not anticipated at the outset.” but also connect other locations outside the city centre and in other counties, improving mobility from Seixal, Montijo, Moita and Henriques Street and D. Nuno Álvares Pereira Table 3 Barreiro to Lisbon. Avenue – demonstrated in 2007 against a lack Number of elderly people, for every 100 However the three current lines of safety in the construction areas, lack of young people– Peninsula of Setúbal almost exclusively serve the centre of the accessibility for pedestrians and dust during municipality, which was already relatively the construction phase[15]. Shops in these Location/ 2001 2011 well catered for by public transport. Trams are principal streets were forced to close during Year not a feasible mode for people moving from the works – and remained closed afterwards. outside the Almada municipality (from Seixal This, along with circulation restrictions Almada 118 130.6 or Barreiro) to Cacilhas or Lisbon. Outside the inside the city centre, has been given as a Barreiro 121.5 151.6 city centre, people continue to use TST bus cause of Almada’s gradual ‘desertification’. [16] services or private transport. Even so, according to Trocado , 55% of the Moita 77.4 103.1 Gray[14] denotes the reasons for a preference population considers Almada a good place to of private over public transport using live, and 20% that Almada has “everything Montijo 113.6 96.5 the acronym SCARCE: Safety, Comfort, necessary for living”. The author argues that Accessibility, Reliability, Cost and Efficiency, even negative connotations surrounding Seixal 60.3 91.8 stating that the automobile dominates over peripheral urban spaces are unfounded, since bus or other public transport because of travel these outskirts of Almada are also “potential Data source: INE, Annual estimates of the resident time, freedom from schedules, reliability, places where the demographic growth and population. protection from weather and security. In the existence of young people represent a Source: PORDATA (www.pordata.pt/Municipios/ Almada, despite the comfortable trams and positive value, contrasting with central town Ambiente+de+Consulta/Tabela) Updated at frequent connections, MST cannot substitute areas with weak demographics and an ageing 2013.04.01. public for private transport for people coming population” [16, p. 92]. from outside the county. Rather than being a result of MST’s increased exponentially in the last decade, A further goal for MST was to improve the implementation therefore, Almada’s following the same demographic tendencies quality of life in the town centre, through the ‘desertification’ is more a consequence as the rest of Europe (see table 3, above). creation of pedestrianised streets and parking of an ageing population, something not In addition, over the last 20 years rising areas that would organise traffic in town in a anticipated in the initial project. property prices drove many to leave the safer and more enjoyable way for inhabitants. In 1991, the age index in Portugal gave a centre of Almada for the outskirts. The rental However, shop owners in Almlada’s three figure of 71 ‘elderly’ (people over 65 years) for market was inefficient and many people main arteries – 25th April Street, Afonso every 100 young people[5]. These values have could not afford to buy apartments in the

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 377 Metro Sul do Tejo

MST Siemens Combino Plus CO20 at Corroios station. K. Jaan-Cornelius references city centre. The resulting displacement [1] Silva, R.; Vieira P. (1995). História do Urbanismo Económico. Retrieved in: http://economico.sapo. of commerce was aggravated by the em Almada. Almada, Câmara Municipal de Almada. pt/noticias/concessao-do-metro-sul-do-tejo-vai-ser- construction of a big shopping centre in [2] Rodrigues, J. M. S. (1999). A expansão renegociada_101955.html the outskirts. Almada Fórum opened in programada de Lisboa para a margem Sul: Almada, [12] Tribunal de Contas, Eds. (2011). Auditoria de September 2002; its building, parking areas 1938-1950. Retrieved from Master Dissertation. seguimento à concessão Metro Sul do Tejo. Lisboa, and other support areas occupy 110 000m2. Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho Tribunal de Contas. With 260 shops, intended to receive around e da Empresa. Retrieved in: http://www.tcontas.pt/pt/actos/rel_ 18m people per year, the new shopping centre [3] Bonifácio, A. (2004). Almada “Waterfront”. auditoria/2011/2s/audit-dgtc-rel022-2011-2s_1.shtm Contributos para síntese da evolução do espaço European Commission (2010). EU Energy created 2000 jobs and its promoters created [13] público urbano. Espaço público e regeneração and Transport in figures. Statistical Pocketbook. new access to the city (cycle paths, a petrol urbana: arte e sociedade. Barcelona, UN Barcelona. Retrieved in http://ec.europa.eu/energy/ station, tunnels and roads). Local shop owners [4] Carvalho, J. (2003). Ordenar a cidade. Coimbra, publications/doc/2010_energy_transport_figures.pdf demonstrated against its construction, Quarteto Editora. [14] Gray, George E. (n/d). Perceptions in Public arguing that this new space “would [5] INE, Eds. (2013) Estatísticas Demográficas 2011, Transportation. Retrieved in: http://ntl.bts.gov/data/ accentuate the disequilibrium that already Lisboa. letter_ak/Chapter22.pdf. existed between local smaller shops” [17]. [6] Kenworthy, Jeffrey R. (2006) The Eco-city: [15] Museu da Cidade. Câmara Municipal de As the new site was not served by MST ten key transport and planning dimensions for Almada, Eds. (2005b). Transportes em Almada: a people mostly use private cars to reach it; sustainable city development, Environment and evolução dos transportes em Almada. Dossiers de Urbanization, Vol. 18 pp. 67–85. informação. Almada, Centro de Documentação – another option is the bus. The existence of [7] Museu da Cidade. Câmara Municipal de Museu da Cidade. a tram stop in the vicinity of the shopping Almada, Eds. (2005). Mobilidade em Almada. [16] Trocado, F. (2001). Modo de especialização centre will not help bring more people to Dossiers de informação. Almada, Centro de social e apropriação quotidiana na cidade de Almada – but will perhaps attract more users Documentação – Museu da Cidade. Almada. Almda, Câmara Municipal de Almada – to the tramline. [8] Newman, Peter (1996). Reducing automobile Museu da cidade. dependence, Environment and Urbanization, Vol. [17] Azenha, A. S.; Fernandes, D.; Marques. R. 8 pp. 67–92. (2002). De olhos postos em 20 milhões de clientes. [9] Vasconcelos, C. (2007, May 15). Projecto Metro Lisboa, Correio da Manhã. Retrieved in http:// FUTURE RESEARCH Sul do Tejo – 12ª Reunião Intermédia de Comités translate.google.pt/translate?hl=pt-PT&sl=pt&tl= Técnicos da ALAMYS – Sessão Plenária. en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.correiodamanha. The next stage of this research will be to [10] Câmara Municipal de Almada, Eds. (2010). pt%2Fnoticia.aspx%3Fcontentid%3D00009369- conduct an empirical study on a sample Estratégia Local Para as Alterações Climáticas do 3333-3333-3333-000000009369%26chan of MST users, to define frequency of usage Município de Almada. Almada, Câmara Municipal nelid%3D00000009-0000-0000-0000- and collect feedback on their experiences. de Almada. 000000000009&anno=2 The conclusions from this study will form [11] Silva, N. M. (2010, October 19). Concessão do www.ine.pt part of a proposed action plan. Metro Sul do Tejo vai ser renegociada, in Diário www.pordata.pt

378 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org TRANVÍA DE ZARAGOZA Already an industry award-winning project, in March 2013 Zaragoza completed Line 1 of its modern tramway. With the full service in operation, Neil Pulling reports from Spain and looks to the future.

Special review in association with & Parque Grande, Zaragoza’s magnificent central park: Line 1 is at the western end between Emparador Carlos V and Romareda.

380 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org A tramway serving modern needs in an ancient setting

Wire-free operation has helped to preserve views of Zaragoza’s emblematic Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pilar.

Zaragoza population figures *1981-2011 data 1981 571 855 from Spanish y a window in Tranvía de Zaragoza’s 1986. Concurrent with a new high-speed National Institute 1991 594 394 control centre lies a pitted length of rail link, Expo 2008 brought Zaragoza to a of Statistics, 2012 rail. Unearthed during construction wider audience. The exhibition brought a data courtesy of 2001 614 905 Ayuntamiento de of the new system, it is a remnant landscaped riverside site, dramatic buildings B Zaragoza - ‘City of Spain’s last traditional tramway network. and new bridges to the west. Yet the historic 2011 678 115 Hall’ Once a 17-line, metre-gauge operation, it core still remains the biggest draw for visitors. closed in January 1976. The tram-free years up The name Zaragoza evolved from that of 2012 701 887 to the 19 April 2011 opening of Line 1’s first the city’s founder, Emperor Caesar Augustus. section saw marked changes in Zaragoza, the Roman and Moorish artefacts remain, but capital of Aragon autonomous community. the dominating structure is the immense with major cities like Zaragoza (the country’s Little over a decade separated the end of Catedral-Basílica de Nuestra Señora del fifth-largest) rapidly building on previously fascist rule in Spain and economic stimulus Pilar, built over 200 years up to 1872. Spain’s undeveloped land. following entry to the European Union in boom years had encouraged urbanisation, More recent news from Spain has been dominated by severe unemployment driven by banking and construction industry failures, with Zaragoza not immune. However, its new tramway was conceived in a long-term Sustainable Mobility Plan begun in 2003, then looking to 2015. City Hall proposed increasing the reach of public transport – initially buses only – and operating it in controlled conditions. This envisaged tighter traffic regulation and restricting vehicle access in certain zones. The plan also featured light rail, considering up to three lines incorporating features to encourage more walking and cycling journeys. About 310km (approx. 195 miles) from Barcelona and Madrid, Zaragoza is the principal stop between those cities for national carrier Renfe’s AVE trains. The 1435mm-gauge high-speed line supplanted Iberian 1668mm-gauge for long distant services in 2008, bringing a transfer from Zaragoza-Portillo station to new dual-gauge Zaragoza-Delicias. More distant from the centre, Delicias’ western location ruled out On the Iberian gauge network and AVE Barcelona- inclusion on the first tramline’s north-south Madrid high-speed line, Zaragoza-Delicias station is axis, favoured by City Hall as offering the A relic of Spain’s last first-generation tram network. due to be at tramline 2’s western end. greatest benefits for the investment.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 381 PARQUE GOYA

Avenida de la Academia

Juslibol Parque Goya

Campus Río Ebro Universidad Rapid de Zaragoza development Símbolos Intercambiador Bus Margarita Xirgu García Abril and tight Intercambiador Cercanías Goya budgeting Legaz Lacambra Adolfo Aznar Aparcamiento Intermodal bonificado

n 2009 a 35-year contract to design, Pablo Neruda construct, commission and operate Line León Felipe 1 was awarded to the Traza consortium. Clara Campoamor The specification, including partial I Parque operation without overhead supply, saw Rosalía de Castro Tío Jorge Traza in final competition with a consortium offering Alstom APS ground supply, similar Martínez Soria María Montessori to applications in Bordeaux and Angers. The motive power partner in Traza is Spanish La Chimenea company CAF. It is CAF’s Rapid Charge Accumulator (ACR), Ni-MH batteries and energy recovery systems aboard Urbos 3 trams Puente de Santiago Río Ebro that now cover the wire-free requirement.

Traza composition by partner core Plaza del Pilar Basílica Ayuntamiento Zaragoza activity and share ownership: Murallas del Pilar de Zaragoza Turismo Mercado Tuzsa (Zaragoza bus operator) – 25% Central

CAF (rail equipment) – 25% César Augusto Ibercaja (financial sector) – 11.8% Concessia (financial sector) – 5% Plaza de España Teatro Acciona (construction) – 16.6% Principal FCC (construction) – 16.6%

Traza represents 80% of Tranvía de Plaza Aragón Zaragoza, the balance being Ayuntamiento de Universidad Zaragoza. The whole is classified as a Mixed de Zaragoza Información Economy Company, in Spanish abbreviation Gran Vía y Atención al Cliente SEM. The project investment was EUR355.7m, EUR45m lower than budgeted. About one-third had to be allocated to urban improvements not directly related to tramway Fernando El Católico expenditure such as cleaning, landscaping and installing paths and cycleways. Universidad Plaza de San Francisco Once final approval came in July 2009, de Zaragoza the project was delivered rapidly, in places sufficiently ahead of schedule to allow earlier openings. From the start of construction, Emperador Carlos V Cámara only 21 months elapsed when public service de Comercio began over the southern section on 19 Auditorio Parque Grande April 2011. This had been preceded by two de Zaragoza José Antonio Labordeta months of simulated operations, initially Estadio de fútbol Romareda Hospital Clínico La Romareda Miguel Servet without passengers and then with selected groups who reported their experiences and recommendations to inform fine-tuning of the service. Casablanca Hospital During civil works there were 1700 people Militar engaged in the project. Preparing the public for the presence of trams were teams of staff Canal Imperial and volunteers at special events and by the lineside, backed by a media campaign Argualas advising of the tramway’s use, benefits and potential hazards. Cocheras Tranvía Información y Atención al Cliente “Upon final approval in July Los Olvidados 2009, the project was delivered Cantando bajo rapidly, in places sufficiently Mago de Oz la Lluvia Los Pájaros ahead of schedule to allow VALDESPARTERA Mago de Oz Un Americano La Ventana earlier openings.” en París Indiscreta Recinto Ferial

382 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Line 1: Phased opening and room for further expansion

ine 1 connects many of Zaragoza’s main traffic generators. The authority specifically wanted to link the city centre to two large, still-developing areas, ValdesparteraL in the south-west and Parque Goya in the north. Between these points were incorporated other locations that would gain substantially from the service. Much of Line 1 is fairly level, consistent with the city centre site. Towards the northern and southern ends, tracks follow a pronounced rise, curving up the two slopes. At the top of the inclines, except for underpasses of major roads, gradients are gentler onwards to the termini. Line 1 uses grooved rail and occupies reserved space alongside or in the middle of roads, mixing grassed and paved surfaces. Stops are variously island or side platform layouts at pavement level. There is a high incidence of controlled crossings by roads and paths, averaging 13 per kilometre. To limit intersections causing delay, the authority installed a live data traffic management system that anticipates arrival of trams at given points and sets priorities TOP: The north side of the uni-directional loop at Valdespartera, Line 1’s southern end. accordingly. The end-to-end scheduled journey time is 40 minutes, approximating ABOVE: Urbos 3 3040 climbs towards Parque Goya near the University of Zaragoza’s Rio Ebro campus.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 383 to an average 20km/h (12mph). Tranvía de separate although closer, the tracks run more España is marked by a fountain overlooked Zaragoza identifies an 8% energy saving due tightly bounded by buildings along Paseo los by tall buildings in assorted styles. The paired to trams running under the traffic system. Olvidados, a name honouring Luis Buñuel tracks curve west beyond the fountain into The dates of section openings demonstrate who had strong Zaragoza connections. Calle del Coso (El Coso). the project’s rapid implementation. For an Descending past Valdespartera depot, the added perspective (at the time of publication) tramway joins a long-established roadway Plaza de España – Plaza del Pilar it is instructive to view internet street and north-east towards the centre, initially Murallas (December 2012) satellite images of Line 1’s course. In places between the Vía Ibérica carriageways. Near This section presently serves as a controlled showing no track or only initial groundwork, Casablanca (not a film reference, it relates experiment in urban management. It some outer zones appear as building sites to a once-prominent white house) the line exemplifies the case for removing or or unbroken ground. In spite of financial crosses the Aragon Imperial Canal, an 18th severely restricting road traffic in favour of and employment problems, today much Century irrigation and transport artery of pedestrians and environmentally sensitive of the track is lined with buildings that are great importance to Zaragoza. Romareda public transport. delivering very high loadings on the tramway. stop sees regular heavy demand due to being El Coso follows most of the outer line of in front of a large general hospital. Directly the old Roman Wall around the historic Mago de Oz – Gran Via (April 2011) opposite, Real Zaragoza football stadium centre, its western arm now effectively The first phase opened throughout between adds less frequent but more concentrated pedestrianised. It remains vibrant with city centre Gran Via and still-developing loadings. The line now sheds its suburban walkers, trams and cyclists. In contrast, Valdespartera. Trams do not reverse due to a surroundings. heading east on El Coso from Plaza de turn between the stops forming the southern Upon opening in April 2012, sub-surface España presents a different experience. In terminus. There is a double loop to provide Zaragoza-Goya became the most central of spite of buildings being more set back from extra holding space for trams, important the city’s stations. Being near Fernando El the roadway than on the western arm, it is during the service for a fairground forming Católico tram stop, it remains the only heavy dominated by traffic noise and grime, with part of the annual ten days of Zaragoza’s rail interchange, mainly for local trains. The pedestrians clustered at crossing points. main celebration, Fiestas del Pilar. approach to Gran Via features a wide shaded Line 1 curves from El Coso north into The layout allows for westward expansion walkway between the tracks and roads. Avenida César Augusto. Limited clearance to serve neighbouring Arcosur, the case for led to restrictions for road vehicles either which is already being made by its residents. Gran Via – Plaza de España side of the track, including access to an Mindful of scarce resources and aware of the (October 2012) underground car park. Perhaps counter- expansion rationale, they claim that a longer This 800m section introduced the project’s intuitively, blurring of roadway and Line 1 would attract heavier patronage – and distinguishing technical feature, wire-free pavement distinctions seemingly forces yield better value – than Line 2. operation. Initially to Plaza de España and careful movement by all moving within this As in many planned developments, street later for a total of approximately 2km (1.25 space. Between César Augusto and Plaza names follow a theme. Here ‘the Seventh Art’ miles) to La Chimenea, trams operate north del Pilar Murallas stops is perhaps the most (cinema) has some bequeathed improbable of Gran Via with pantograph down using attractive of the project’s urban settings. tram stop names. There are two called Mago stored energy. Originally it was planned to Much is in parallel with the old central de Oz (The Wizard of Oz), one either side of open Line 1’s second phase in its entirety, market building, an institution that the the curves transforming the outbound track although short sections were added earlier city was keen to bolster with improved to city-bound. With locals versed in mystic than scheduled. surroundings and tram access. A length of distinctions and operators identifying stops Gran Via retains the turn-back crossover Roman Wall and Zuda Tower, a remnant of by number, duplication is not problematic. used when it was a terminus and is the site a Moorish palace, mark the line’s approach Following one-way traffic flows, the tracks of the main information centre. Road traffic to Plaza del Pilar Murallas stop and the are divided eastwards to an Alfred Hitchcock- has been reduced by 35% on this main Ebro riverside. inspired double-bill of Los Pájaros (The Birds) commercial thoroughfare, but it remains and La Ventana Indiscreta (Rear Window) busy with buses and cars either side of the Plaza del Pilar Murallas – which has a subsidised park-and-ride site. Still tramway. Just north of its stop, Plaza de Avenida de la Academia (March 2013) Line 1 was completed with this long addition that took the tramway north of the Ebro over the existing Puente de Santiago. Still carrying road traffic, the tramway occupies the bridge’s western side. Near Aragon broadcasting studios is La Chimenea stop, also the second park-and-ride site. Named after the chimney on landscaped former industrial ground, La Chimenea marks the return of overhead power, which continues to the northern terminus. Five pairs of stops and a return loop punctuate this second stretch of widely separated tracks. Much of the intervening space is given over to a succession of modern retail developments, the outer edges being more residential. Tracks are again paired when Line 1 passes beneath the E-90 motorway and through a university and sports area before climbing past the second depot to Parque Goya. From the stop bearing the district name, the city appears distant and low in the Ebro valley. Another road underpass and curve brings Line 1 to Avenida de la Academia terminus, next to a large hospital and school. Unlike Mago de Oz, trams reverse at the platforms. Track continues well beyond, with crossovers either side of the island platform to allow for holding extra trams and increase flexibility Plaza del Pilar Murallas: Planting the roof of tram stops is one of many environmental measures. when operating special timetables.

384 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org ALEJANDRO MORENO – GENERAL MANAGER

Alejandro Moreno is General Manager of Tranvía de Zaragoza. With an engineering and business administration background, before joining the organisation his experience included main line and urban transit project management with CAF. Mr Moreno identifies three key criteria required by City Hall for tramway projects: M eeting social needs – exemplified by connecting population concentrations and minimising access barriers. Giving distinct, measurable environmental improvements – such as emissions reductions and increased public transport use. E conomic sustainability – notably high loadings at realistic fares; facilities to encourage walking or cycling. By July 2013 the tramway had carried over 30m passengers, attained 99% reliability and was registering very high customer satisfaction scores by industry norms. Even before bus route restructuring due in the following month to create a ‘fish-bone’ configuration around the Line 1 spine, trams were carrying around 90% of the 2014 target of 100 000 passengers per day. Speaking of the project’s effect on the centre of the city to date, Mr Moreno says: “The priority is now the pedestrian, not the private vehicle. There has been a 12% carbon emissions reduction in the centre. Coso – it used to be an accident black-spot – is a notable improvement.” With good reason, judging by the popular uptake of the service, local demands for expansion and the attention accorded by the international transport industry, he is clear about the outcomes to date: “Zaragoza Tram has been a success in economic, social, technological and environmental sustainability. It is making a great contribution to Zaragoza’s new culture of mobility.”

TOP: Immediately south of the historic centre, focus of city traffic Plaza de España has seen a significant reduction in motor vehicle movements since Line 1 opened. Preparing for Line 2 Despite the economic conditions, Zaragoza ABOVE: Set between a major hospital and the main football stadium, Romareda is one of Line 1’s busiest stops. is pushing forward with the Line 2 project. The first line’s success, popular support for BELOW: A showpiece of city centre improvement, Calle Del Coso will become shared with Line 2. expansion and City Hall backing have added momentum to creating an east-west tram axis. Preliminary studies for the approximately 7km (4.4 mile) route with 16 or 17 stops indicate a cost of EUR179.5-185.3m. Opinions are being sought on which of three alternative routes should be adopted at the eastern end. The western part will incorporate Zaragoza-Delicias station and will join Line 1 where El Coso meets Avenida César Augusto, track-sharing for 300m over the existing wire-free section to Plaza de España. Competition controls mean that Line 2 could pass to a body other than Traza and lead to different equipment and systems, a condition similar to Nottingham’s tramway expansion project. After previous expectations of an imminent start following Line 1’s completion, City Hall now wants Line 2 ready for construction immediately after the 2016 local elections, with an expected two-year construction period.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 385 Depots, maintenance and trams

3070 climbs past the storage sidings at Valdespartera depot.

aving two maintenance and With access by a very short connection control centre. Normal operations require storage depots to serve 12.8km from revenue tracks, Valdespartera depot is two duty controllers, each supervising six (eight miles) of tramline and between Argualas and Los Olividados. The main screens to monitor functions such as handle 21 trams may seem level site was created by cutting into rising power supply, tram location, traffic flow Hextravagant. The explanation for this ground, a feature emphasised by the change and movements within both depots. however partly lies in the authority wanting of track level curving around the southern Supervision of stops along the line includes to continue devoting street space to major perimeter on the line’s steepest gradient. two-way communication with passengers public events – effectively creating a blockade There is stabling for 18 trams plus space and controllers can remotely operate the – yet still maintaining public transport. This for maintenance. It provides engineering ticket machines if problems are encountered requires independent operations running support that extends to a painting booth, by users. either side of the closed zone for prolonged allowing for most repairs to be handled Parque Goya depot near Juslibol stop periods. The decision to provide two depots within the premises. is principally a storage facility and for will additionally allow for fleet expansion, Valdespartera is also the headquarters of light maintenance. Less hemmed in than including for a second line. Tranvía Zaragoza and the location of the Valdespartera, it can accommodate 21 trams,

General Manager Alejandro Moreno (left) hosts a visit by managers of Poland’s Inspection tracks at Valdespartera depot. There is stabling for 18 trams and it is Kraków tramway on 11 July. the main maintenance facility for the system.

386 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org To position trams for recharging at wire-free stops, drivers stop with Depots, maintenance and trams their shoulder aligned with black inlays in the platform.

with the possibility of adding five more spaces in the compound. Trams are washed every two days and both depots have washing plants with an 80% water recycling rate, the loss being largely due to evaporation in the hot climate.

The fleet Traza partner CAF originated as an iron works in Beasain in Spain’s Basque Country, extending to tram building in Zaragoza during the late 19th Century. Following mainly domestic sales of LRVs, CAF is now enjoying international market success with major contract awards in the UK, Sweden, USA, Taiwan, Hungary and to home-supply dominated France and Germany. Zaragoza’s fleet of 21 bi-directional Urbos 3 trams (numbered 3010-3210) were constructed at CAF’s Zaragoza factory, the first delivered to Valdespartera in October 2010 and the last in November 2012. The first digit derives fromUrbos 3, with the next two plus a zero being the complete vehicle, as shown on the tram ends. Each section is also prominently numbered inside and out. For example, 3210 comprises motored driving ends 3211 and 3215, suspended open-plan cars 3212 and 3214, with the centre car with non-powered bogie and pantograph being 3213. Passenger capacity is 204, with 52 seated and the tilting seats can easily be removed to improve passenger circulation, as when handling crowds during the Fiestas service. Audio and on-screen information is supplemented by illuminated diagrams showing the current route position. Zaragoza’s Urbos 3 is 32.3m long and 2.65m wide. The ultracapacitors for short-term energy storage are mounted in the roof of the vehicles’ driving ends. The tram could run for 5km (just over three miles) without external supply after a full charge, being easily able to cover Zaragoza’s wire-free area. However, to give a wide margin during supply failure or blockage, there is also an en route re-charging system. Electricity travels via a short pickup

Parque Goya in the north of Zaragoza was the second depot to open. Two duty controllers monitor the entire length of Line 1.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 387 Tranvía de Zaragoza: Key facts

Authority: Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza (www.zaragoza.es) Operator: Los Tranvías de Zaragoza (www.tranviasdezaragoza.es) Opened: 19 April 2011 Gauge: 1435 mm P ower: 750V dc overhead supply + onboard energy storage Lines: 1 Route length: 12.8 km (8 miles) S tops: 25 (inc. 8 pairs on two one-way sections) Depots: 2 Fleet: 21 CAF Urbos 3, overhead supply and ACR surface-based charging Max. speed: 70km/h (43mph) Weekday operation: 05.00-00.00 (24 hours in Fiestas) Peak frequency: 5 minutes Lowest frequency: 20 minutes

ABOVE: 130 bizi hire points and 1 300 cycles form part of Zaragoza’s mobility plan.

RIGHT: The charging strip located in anticipation of running paired trams: this is Plaza de España.

FAR RIGHT: Extending flaps give a virtually unbroken level between trams and platforms. lowered beneath the centre-car that engages with a ground-based charging strip during the normal dwell-time at stops Gran Via to La Chimenea inclusive. With snow, ice and extreme cold rare in the southern Spanish climate, the installation is not weather-prone. Certified with the highest grade, Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 4, this fully-automatic system employs technology developed for automatic metros, with coded communication between ground and vehicle-based equipment to energise and deactivate the charging strip. The tram configuration relates to the position of the two ground-based charging strips per stop. This anticipates paired trams in the extreme summer heat when doors be used to target revenue protection staff for increasing capacity, as opposed to adding open. All four double-doors and two singles at times and locations most prone to fare extra sections. To correctly position the tram, each side are opened on uni-directional evasion. A EUR50 penalty applies for those drivers align themselves with a line of local sections where platforms are installed on travelling without a valid fare, reduced if black stone inlaid in the platforms. both sides of the track. Early collaborations paid early. Fares are the same as city buses Vehicle couplings are concealed behind with organisations representing those with and there is cross-mode, multi-operator nose visors and there have been successful disabilities brought bright contrasting ticketing. As well as servicing the stored tests with paired trams. Regular passenger colours for hand-holds, braille text on value system, multi-lingual machines at operation in this manner would require extra controls and ticket machines, adoption of stops sell EUR1.35 one-hour single journey stock: 2020 is the provisional expectation Verdana text (recommended for clarity) and tickets allowing transfers, plus other for multiple operation becoming the norm. tactile strips at stops and crossings. permutations for discounted rates and Sixteen trams are currently required for a There are four wheelchair spaces per tram multiple purchase. However, about 90% of five-minute peak frequency. For nine days and 16 reserved seats for those with reduced passengers use cards. in October 2012 a 24-hour service, mainly mobility. There is no day fare, although the tourist at 5-7 minute frequencies, was run during Zaragoza Card incorporates some public Fiestas del Pilar. A similar provision is ¿Ha Valido? Debe validar – transport use. The well-used bizi cycle anticipated for 2013. Travelling legally on the tramway subscription/hire scheme is within the All trams are externally finished in silver All passengers above four years of age must ticketing system. and black, overlain with a tapering curved already hold a ticket/card with value when red band as used in city marketing. Wooden boarding and validate immediately on entry. seat facings are from sustainable timber Illuminated readers and other reminders Thanks in the preparation of this special supplies. As with the city generally, graffiti confront those entering trams. Onboard review are due to Alejandro Moreno and and other vandalism does not appear to be a machines do not sell tickets and are for Marcos Español of Tranvía de Zaragoza. problem. There are separate air conditioning re-charging cards. All images taken by Neil Pulling, July 2013, systems for the driver cabs and the passenger Comparing data from doorway-mounted unless otherwise stated. compartment, the latter soon warming up passenger counters with validations can

388 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Advertorial A key partner for Zaragoza

IDOM services

IDOM offers a complete service, DOM is an independent company that ABOVE: Zaragoza tramway, courtesy of Alfonso Calza. from initial concept to the has provided integrated professional operation and maintenance, for services since 1957, and 100% of the BELOW: Bilbao tramway, courtesy of Carlos Olmedillas. tramways and urban railways: capital generated is distributed between Preparation of advice on I technical and administrative staff currently working in the firm. specifications for design, More than 2500 people carry out their construction, and concession professional activities for the company, tenders. distributed in 36 offices across 20 countries Feasibility and advisory around the world, but working on projects in studies. more than 120 countries. Preliminary designs. One of the leading organisations in the Environmental impact studies. field of professional services in engineering, Public information campaigns. architecture and consultancy, IDOM has Basic and detailed design for civil works, construction, worked with over 15 000 clients and has signalling, electrification, participated in over 30 000 projects under the energy, communications, Quality Assurance Certificate ISO-9001 and rolling stocks, workshops, the Environmental Management System of depots and control rooms. UNE-EN-ISO 14001. Follow up and commissioning. On Zaragoza Tramway’s project, IDOM Due diligence. was the technical and financial advisor for the lending organisations, creating the technical-economic audit of the designs and and Asia) and over 400km (205 miles) of can guarantee the right perspective to works of the tramway project (12.8km and LRT lines. Ensuring a high quality of life achieve the shared objective. 25 stations) in both phases. while connecting people involves the IDOM adds value at every stage, from IDOM informed the “Lenders” of transformation of the natural environment preliminary studies to on-site supervision the technical and economic risks of the in all cycles of the project (preliminary and commissioning works, exercising tramway project that could lead to delays, design, works supervision commissioning, due diligence and preparing final reports, overspending or a decrease in lending. This operation and maintenance). including design at all levels. responsibility helped prevent overruns as IDOM’s mission in all these aspects is well as effectively manage the works, testing to intervene in the natural environment and commissioning in a successful way and in an effective sustainable manner, according to initial timing and budget. while maintaining the utmost respect for In addition to its work on the Zaragoza the environment. IDOM Tramway, IDOM has participated in more Only the participation of teams of than 40 tramway projects around the professionals with wide and varied training Avda. Zarandoa 23, 48015 Bilbao, Spain world (in Europe, South America, North (from architects and landscapers to track, T: + 34 94 479 76 00 | W: www.idom.com America, the Middle East, North Africa electrical and telecommunication engineers)

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EXTREME WEATHER Commercial members (12 issues) UK International www.lrta.org : www.tramnews.net WHY WE NEED A RETHINK

Tony Streeter argues that climate change may need AUGUST 2013 N O. 908 us to adjust our entire approach to urban transport. £52.00 £64.00 looded depots, rails washed away, services suspended, damage with a huge financial impact… Middle Eastern states, what additional challenges will extreme FLOODS DEVASTATE LRT Compared to the deaths and personal tragedies to heat and sandy climates have? What if a previous expectation of hit people across India, Canada and across a broad an occasional cold or snowy snap becomes a likelihood of one area of central Europe, the meaning of all this for every winter? What if it then lasts for weeks, not days? urbanF transit – and light rail in particular – might seem like Equipment that might before have been thought unnecessary SERVICES WORLDWIDE small stuff. Of course, compared to that, it is. could suddenly become a ‘must have’: Snowploughs, heated However, ask Calgary Transit what level of impact the flooding switches and better passenger facilities... has had, or ask MVB in Magdeburg. Nearly a month after the If flooding is to become more common, it may well also have German city’s flooding, authorities there still hadn’t been able a major impact on the siting of future depots. What can we do to to restore all services; still didn’t know when or if the depot in ensure they don’t flood – or if they do, that damage is limited? the north of the city would be returned to use. The final bill is All this may well have a knock-on effect in terms of increased also still unknown. scheme costs. Conversely, we need to consider the reputational Until recently, flooding on such a damage if these factors aren’t taken into account – and ‘big scale would have been thought of as expensive’ schemes don’t work in rare. Indeed the German word for it is conditions that become seen as normal. Jahrhundertflut – Century flood. So, what contingency do we have Yet it’s only 11 years since swathes of for maintaining services? Or for £41.00 eastern Germany were last submerged Commercial members online only (12 issues) managing the fallout when we can’t? in a similarly catastrophic way – and For while a vaunted benefit of many of the places hit this time around fixed-track systems is the confidence are the same ones that suffered in 2002. they give through their perceived Since that event exposed a lack of permanence, flexibility is a frequently preparedness in flood defences, time, named contrasting virtue of buses. money and effort have been thrown Indeed, while flooded – or flood- at improvement. Yet whereas this has damaged – tracks will stop a tram, a bus worked in places (the centre of Dresden can often find another way through. was kept dry this time, for example, In parts of Magdeburg where trams and the ‘new Danube’ flood control haven’t been able to run, buses have reservoir in Vienna did its job well), maintained the service. Sometimes a criticism being aired now is that The riverside tram route 2 in Budapest, Hungary, those vehicles have even been brought on 9 June shows the scale of the flooding as the effective flood barriers can sometimes in from outside the city. just move the problem downstream… Danube overflowed. Flooding on this section is not uncommon, but this year saw closure of the What am I therefore suggesting? So what does all this mean for route for around a week . A. Varga That we should abandon light rail in tramways? Well, in the shorter term, favour of motor transport? Absolutely being able to be warned, and prepared, “Can we protect assets from not. Yet it would be foolish to deny for extreme weather conditions is that different modes have their own Invoices available for Commercial membership only. clearly important – and Steven Wallace strengths and weaknesses – or that of the Met Office explains some of the extremes of weather? The changing circumstances alter how sophisticated ways that organisations world is changing and we those might be perceived. like his can help on page 332. What we shouldn’t do is stick to Yet what about our longer term need to think ahead” old certainties if signs suggest things planning? If events that were once are changing. In fact, we need to go considered rare, like mass flooding, become more common, further. Somehow we need to predict we need to consider what that means for how we build our the future... what might things be like by the time our intended tramways – or, even whether we build them. investments come to the ends of their lives? Climate change could challenge all of our assumptions. That might well mean we need to factor in as ‘possible’ issues Cities in Europe and Canada count the cost So say we make investment decisions based on, for example, we would have previously considered ‘remote’. Or as ‘likely’ infrastructure lasting 30 years. What if climate change means things we might before have thought only ‘possible’. Alstom signs deal for Cuenca trams it could quite likely be destroyed in ten? Is our investment still a The world is changing. We need to think ahead. If we don’t, good one? Can we protect assets from extremes of the weather? some of our own assumptions may increasingly be challenged. Hong Kong debates monorail plan Even stepping back from a ‘doomsday scenario’, we may need And that could indeed become an argument for ‘cheaper, more to consider how systems cope with less destructive extreme flexible’ alternatives instead. koda joint venture for Chinese LRT conditions that we previously perhaps barely needed think about. How will vehicles deal with iced-up catenary? How do TAUT Associate Editor Tony Streeter has more than a decade's

£3.80 they deal with heavy snow (particularly given the widespread experience in transport journalism. As well as more than six years move in recent years to low-floor trams)? As LRT takes hold in the writing for TAUT , Tony also contributes across the railway spectrum, For online payments visit: www.lrta.info/commercial UITP Congress for a range of publications both in the UK and overseas. San Diego Light rail’s lessons US light rail pioneer from the bus world 328 / AUGUST 2013 looks northwards www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org

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www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 391 Nuremberg

Nürnberg (Nuremberg) in northern Bavaria is one of systems Germany’s great transport centres. Neil Pulling looks GERMANY at the changed role of factfile trams in the city’s own network. No. Nuremberg, Nuremberg 72 Germany

uremburg has been in GT6N trams cross utility company, Städtische Werke by growing car ownership, coverage Bavaria since 1806, but at Hallertor by the Nürnberg. Buses, U-Bahn (metro) and also became shaped by the U-Bahn. associations remain walls north-west of trams – here officially designated The initial 3.7km (2.3 miles) of the with historic Franken central Nuremberg. ‘Tram’ rather than Strassenbahn – current 18.5km (11.6-mile) line U1 (Franconia). Landscape, carry the abbreviation VAG. opened in March 1972, with the city All pictures by Nfood, drink and architecture are Unlike other Bavarian tramways centre reached by 1978. Neil Pulling. distinctive, with Nuremberg’s turreted in Würzburg and Augsburg, but as Also influencing tram coverage in walls stylised for city logos. in Munich, the Nuremberg system the city have been the many railways For good and notoriously less no longer enters the city’s core area. converging at Nürnberg Hbf. Served benign reasons, Nuremberg’s In fact, for many visitors their only by S-Bahn and/or regional trains, international fame is much greater tramway sighting may be of the partial several stations with city transport than a population of 509 000 suggests. circuit outside the restored city walls interchanges make heavy rail a A much bigger area and population has and at the stop in a triangle of track significant part of the overall network been covered by the transport union near the monumental main station, which also has over 50 bus lines. Verkehrsverbund Grossraum Nürnberg Nürnberg Hbf. With a conventional metro project (VGN) since 1987. Within VGN, Taking about ten years after 1945 to underway (as opposed to a tramway the 1435mm gauge uni-directional fully restore operations, the tramway to Stadtbahn transition), by the 1970s tramway is operated by Verkehrs- subsequently reduced from a pre-war complete tramway closure became Aktiengesellschaft Nürnberg. This peak of over 70km (over 45 miles). a possibility. The U-Bahn not only body is wholly owned by the city’s With the system run-down, hastened brought completion of an already

392 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org

THE FLEET

Tram: Mixed floor heightN8S-NF were withdrawn by 2011, going like many VAG trams for use in Krakow, Poland. The now fully low-floor fleet comprises three classes. Carrying ‘CityBahn’ branding, the first was introduced in 1995, the widely adopted three-section AEG/MAN GT6N (VAG 1001-1014) with capacity for 157 passengers. From successor company Adtranz, in 1999 there followed the four-section GT8N (1101-1126), capacity 218. Munich is the only other operator of this type, at 36.6m the longest in VAG’s fleet. The smallest class in the fleet are eight 34m, five-section Stadler Variobahn trams (1201-1209) capacity 222 and received 2007-9. Like their Munich counterparts, VAG’s Variobahns have had restrictions to operation. There are many promotional paintschemes and liveries, although VAG’s white and red livery predominates. U-Bahn: All two-car bi-directional sets. Two types of original DT1 remain on U1, although ex-Munich ‘A’ vehicles brought in pending new stock arrivals have been withdrawn. Externally similar to driver-operated DT2, the Siemens-built cab-less DT3 were built for automatic operation on U2/U3 and introduced gangway connections. Cab-fittedDT3F can be used for driver instruction and the type allows integration with U1 stock pending a longer-term full transition to automatic working. The Hauptbahnhof stop which includes a turning loop is used by most lines.

ABOVE LEFT: underway withdrawal of trams from Thon terminus the city centre, it also replaced their will be the starting inter-urban function. point of a projected Nuremberg and its adjoining western northern extension. neighbour, Fürth (population 120 360), ABOVE : The had become connected by Germany’s smallest and first steam passenger railway in 1835. newest type in The area’s first tramway opened the fleet: Stadler in 1881, soon growing to create Variobahn 1201 at another fixed link between them. Hauptbahnhof. Supplanted by U1, by 1981 Fürth had lost its internal tram services and the LEFT : Nuremberg connection. Becoming Westfriedhof a purely Nuremberg system, the cemetery gates previously tramway’s main western presence was overlooked a cut back to Plärrer near the south- through-route: western edge of the city wall. 1126 waits to follow Overlooked by the VAG 1103 around the headquarters building, the widely terminus loop. spaced tram tracks at Plärrer are above

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 393 Nuremberg

network facts Opened: 1881 (electrification “Unlike other Bavarian tramways in Würzburg from 1896) Lines: Tram 5; U-Bahn 3 (+ 2 in and Augsburg, but as in Munich, the Nuremberg short form) Tram route: 33km (20.6 miles) system no longer enters the city’s core area.” U-Bahn route: 35km (21.9 miles) Tram stops: 75 Tram depots: 1 Approximate weekday hours: 05.00-midnight Stadthalle Main frequency: Ten minutes Klinikum

Gauge: 1435mm Rathaus Power: Tram 600V dc overhead supply; U-Bahn 750V dc third-rail, bottom contact. Hardhöhe U 1 Tram fleet: 48 Jakobinenstr. Stadtgrenze Fürth City Network: Verkehrs- Hauptbahnhof Aktiengesellschaft Nürnberg (VAG) Muggenhof Area Network: Verkehrsverbund Grossraum Nürnberg (VGN)

INFORMATION Maximilian City network: www.vag.de -str. Area network: www.vgn.de Civic information: www.nuernberg.de Tourist information: Amongst Nuremberg’s last stepped http://tourismus.nuernberg.de access trams, N8S-NF 361 (now Krakow 3081) at Widhalmstrasse on 10 June 2008. Fürth Hardhöhe U 1 Langwasser Süd U Eberhardshof U 11 Messe Röthenbach U 2 Flughafen Röthenbach U 21 Ziegelstein Gustav-Adolf-Straße U 3 Friedrich-Ebert-Platz

4 Gibitzenhof Tram Thon Worzeldorfer Str. 5 Tiergarten Doku-Zentrum 6 Westfriedhof Tristanstr. 8 Erlenstegen Doku-Zentrum 9 Hauptbahnhof

ABOVE: Automatic operation on U2: Siemens DT3 stock at Flughafen.

LEFT: Tram museum-liveried GT8N 1105 leaves Doku-Zentrum on the connection between formerly separate lines.

394 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org

Flughafen U 2

U 21

Ziegelstein

Erlenstegen 8 Herrnhütte Platnersberg

Thumenberger Weg

Ostbahnhof 4 Nordostbahnhof Thon

Bucher Str./ Nordring Tafelhalle Lechnerstr. Schoppershof Juvenellstr. Mögeldorf Maxfeld Business Tower 6 Tauroggenstr. Westfriedhof Kaulbach- Rennweg Eberhardshof Friedrich- platz Deichslerstr. Marthastr. Ebert-Platz Balthasar- U 11 Julienstr. Stresemannplatz Neumann Rathenauplatz Arminiusstr. St. Johannisfriedhof Hallerstr. Tiergartnertor Siedlerstr. Maximilian Wöhrder Tullnaupark -str. Hallertor Wiese Bärenschanze Marientor 5 Tiergarten Obere Weißer Turm Lorenzkirche Turnstr. Marientunnel Durrenhof Gostenhof

Rothen- burger Str. Plärrer Kohlenhof Opernhaus Hauptbahnhof Sünders- Widhalm Scheurlstr. bühl Celtisplatz str. Steinbühl Christus- Hars- St. Leonhard kirche Aufseßplatz dörfferplatz Scharrerstr. Land- Immelmannstr. grabenstr. Heynestr. Hummel- Schweiggerstr. Peters- steiner kirche Fliegerstr./EWF U 3 Schweinau Brehmstr. Humboldtstr. Weg Meistersinger Holzgartenstr. Gustav-Adolf Str. Maffeiplatz -halle Schuckertstr. Wodanstr. Pl.d.Opfer d. Alemannenstr. Faschismus Dutzendteich Siemensstr. Luitpoldhain 8 Hohe Frankenstr. Tristanstr. Doku-Zentrum Marter Dianaplatz Lothringer Str. 4 Trafowerk U 2 Gibitzennof U 21 Hasenbuck Am Rangierbahnhof Bauernfeindstr. Röthenbach Finkenbrunn U 11 Südfriedhof Messe Saaarbrückener Str. Langwasser Nord 5 Worzeldorfer Str. Scharfreiterring Langwasser Mitte

Gemeinschaftshaus

U 1 Langwasser Süd

the two-level U-Bahn station, now sales did eventually take place it was by long arms reaching from the Hbf. second-only to Nürnberg Hbf as the for more positive reasons than once Although absent from the very centre, busiest interchange. feared. The U-Bahn was the priority the tramway is an essential service Uncertainty over the tramway’s project, but the decision to retain and along several main roads and for longevity led to purchase of buying enhance tram operations was manifest some inner suburbs. These include MAN/Düwag vehicles, later extended with growth plans and the arrival of administrative and industrial with low-floor centre cars asN8S- new low-floor stock in 1995. districts, with Siemens properties NF, delivered from 1976. The bi- The densest cluster of tramlines prominent in the south. directional, doors on both sides is now south and east of Nürnberg On a redeveloped manufacturing configuration, was not necessary here, Hbf. The great breadth of the railway site nearby – with access by non- but it would improve sale prospects creates tunnel-like proportions for the revenue tracks off line 5 – is VAG’s should the tramway infrastructure be four under-bridges taken by trams. only tram maintenance and depot abandoned. When the rolling stock The overall layout is characterised facility, Heinrich Alfes Strasse. Opened

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 395 Nuremberg

ABOVE LEFT: 1102 at Celtisplatz, the only stop on the section opened in December 2011.

ABOVE : Long-established Erlenstegen tram terminus provides interchange with regional trains. in 2003, it has space for future fleet largely given over to leisure activities. long south-eastern line 9 extension to expansion. Trams serve another large recreational ABOVE LEFT: create new interchange options. Operational A layout and operational change location at the end of line 5, the curiosity: After steady extension since 1972, came in late 2002 with the opening Tiergarten. Here the more common empty south of in June 2008 Nuremberg’s U-Bahn of a 1.6km (one-mile) connection type of Nuremberg loop terminus is Tristanstrasse, introduced automatic operation on U3 between former termini Luitpoldhain near the zoo, amongst the 25 000ha line 8 trams turn on interspersed with the conventionally and Dutzendteich, the first extension former Imperial Forest. non-revenue track driven trains on U2. These shared the since 1974. In this south-eastern In 2011 line 5 saw the opening at Bayernstrasse. common section of these two lines. area lie the grim remnants of the of the tramway’s newest section, Fully automatic operation now applies Reichsparteitagsgelände, the rallying around 900m (0.55 miles) between ABOVE RIGHT: for U2/U3, with conventionally driven DT1 stock on the grounds developed after the Nazi party Aufsessplatz and Nürnberg Hbf with stock remaining on U1. elevated U1 section selected Nuremberg in 1933 for its mass one intermediate stop, Celtisplatz. above Fürther Notable features include varied gatherings. Part of the grandiose and The next major system change, a 3km Strasse near station artworks and the elevated uncompleted scheme was to increase (1.9-mile) extension north from Thon Muggenhof, once U1 section which forms part of the tram and railway capacity to handle the to Am Wegfeld originally projected to location of supplanted Nuremberg-Furth tramway. crowds. A stub of those developments open in 2014, awaits re-scheduling. The the tramway’s More U-Bahn expansion is projected. is at line 8’s southern end. NVEP 2025 transport plan envisages an main works. Due to safety concerns over an eastern tram bypass of the centre and a For full network maps see www.vag.de underground section, since December 2010 trams have continued south, empty from Tristanstrasse, to turn at a essential facts platform-fitted loop at Bayernstrasse. On the 2002 section is Doku- Local travel: Tickets valid upon with Saturday-bought tickets section of the city walls. Amongst Zentrum, the intermediate stop purchase from ticket machines: including Sunday. Extensive bus- Germany’s greatest collection where incoming line 5 and 9 trams do not buy for beyond immediate only night network. VAG’s main of museums are rail (www. swap identity. The name is from travel requirements. 90-minute information point is in Nürnberg dbmuseum.de) and tram, near the archive and exhibition of the validity (excludes round or return Hbf’s low-level passageways. Peterskirche stop (www.sfnbg. trips) single tickets are EUR2.50; What is there to see? Walking de). Nuremberg Trials exhibition, Nazi era housed in part of the vast DayTicket Solo at EUR5.10 (‘Plus‘ is best for viewing the mix of near U1 Bärenschanze (www. former Congress Hall. Nuremberg’s version for two adults and four restored and modern buildings in memorium-nuremberg.de). Trade darker 20th Century associations are children at EUR8.50). For both, the the centre; the best viewpoint is fairs greatly affect overnight stay confronted and explained here and usual one-day validity extends Kaiserburg in the north-western prices: research recommended. around Dutzendteich, an area now

396 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Worldwide Review

AUSTRALIA MELBOURNE. The first Bombardier E class 100% low floor tram, 6001, was delivered to Preston workshops on 28 June. After trials it will enter service on route 96 in October. M. Rowe

AUSTRIA GMUNDEN. The new through service from Gmunden railway station to Vorchdorf will be inaugurated in 2017. BS INNSBRUCK. Route 6 to Igls is bus-operated from 24 June to a date in October to permit tram rail to be replaced. R. Deacon SALZBURG. Former Stern & Hafferl transformer car EGL 25.052 (1952 Vorchdorf) has been leased to the Salzburger Lokalbahn. EB

BELGIUM BRUXELLES/BRUSSELS. The The first Bombardier E class tram for Melbourne undergoing night-time gauging trials, seen with W 971. Y. Sos government has approved the EUR54m project to convert bus and maintain the 6.6km (4.1-mile) CHINA STIF is to convert rubber-tyred route 71 (5.9km, 3.6 miles, Delta metro, and build a 5.6km (3.4-mile) SHENZHEN. 56 aluminium- metro line 4 to automated train –Porte de Namur via Chaussée extension, as well as the 24.2km bodied metro cars have been control using the existing fleet d’Ixelles) into a tramline. Work (15-mile) proposed line 2. IRJ ordered from Nanjing SR Puzhen, from line 14, due to be replaced starts in 2015, to open in 2017. By SÅO PAULO. CPTM has placed a for delivery in 2013-14. IRJ when the line is extended from 2020 there will be a new EUR41m EUR380m order for 35 eight-car Saint-Lazare to Mairie de Saint- route 3 linking Gare du Nord, Tour CAF commuter rail trains, and CZECH REPUBLIC Ouen. The manually-driven MP89 & Taxis and Place Bockstael. Both another 30 with Hyundai Rotem. BRNO. K2 trams 1108/27 have sets on line 4 (inherited from line lines should form part of a through been used for new Vario LFR.E 1) will replace older trains on other route from Bockstael to Delta via CANADA cars 1497 and 1556. The last high- rubber-tyred lines. A. Senut Gare Centrale. CALGARY. LRT Blue line service floor KT8 tram, 1724, has been STRASBOURG. The new 10km The abdication of King Albert through the city centre resumed withdrawn and will re-appear with (6.2-mile) tramline C from II and investiture of King Philippe on 25 June, but Red Line service a low-floor centre section. BS Wolfisheim to Bischheim should I on 21 July was marked by a between City Hall and Heritage MOST. T3 trams 211/31/5/74 open in 2017. F. Roski special royal vinyl decoration on was closed to allow repairs to flood have been sold to Kharkiv in the TOULOUSE. On 18 June a Bombardier Flexity 3062. The tram damage until 4 July. Calgary Transit Ukraine. They have moved via hailstorm disabled one train will carry the livery for two months. OTTAWA. C6, the first Alstom Praha, which is also selling T3 at Bagatelle station with door The last articulated PCCs in Coradia LINT for the O-train was trams to the same operator. BS problems. The following train yellow livery were withdrawn delivered on 22 June. The city has PRAHA (Prague). T3 driver lost adhesion on hailstones and after operation on 28 June. 7713/ approved the western LRT route, training trams 5506/9 have been collided with the stationary train. 30/8/40/68/72/80/7/90 have been including a cutting through sold to Kharkiv, together with One person was injured. RH offered for sale. ‘Le Soir’, T-2000 National Capital Commission 7053 for spares. BS CHARLEROI. The re-opening of land, despite NCC refusals to back GERMANY the tramline to Gosselies required the proposal. D. Tremblay FRANCE BAD SCHANDAU. The Elbe several stored BN trams to be TORONTO. Rainstorms on 8 July LE HAVRE. After six months flooding caused the suspension returned to service. Still stored at resulted in the closure of subway the new tramway was carrying an of tram service from 3-12 June. Jumet are 6100/20/4/34/52, mostly service from St Clair West to average of 50 000 passengers/day, Fortunately the depot and rolling stripped for spare parts. The peak Downsview, from Osgood to Bloor, compared with a prediction of 56 stock were not damaged. BS run-out is now 29 trams. T-2000 from Lawrence to Finch and from 000/day after one year. A. Senut BERLIN. Bombardier Flexity OOSTENDE. Hermelijn trams Kipling to Ossington. Tramlines LE MANS. The section of tramline Berlin trams up to 4025 had been used on the coast this summer are 501 west of Humber and 504 east of 1 from Gares to Université was delivered by the end of June. KT4D 7225/9/46/66-8/70 and 6334/6-9, Roncevalles were also affected. GO closed 1 July-25 August to permit 7002/3/5/8/9/10/25/7/34 have and two others from Gent. T-2000 train passengers on the Richmond the junction for line 2 to be installed been sent to Almaty in Kazakhstan, Hill line were stranded overnight. near Prefecture. M. Whatmough while 7051/4/9/64/8/78/89/98 BRAZIL Services resumed on 10 July. LYON. The extension of metro line have moved to Szczecin, Poland. CAMPOS DO JORDAO. The TTC general manager Andy B to Gare d’Oulins is to open on Low-floor trams with new centenary of the interurban Byford has indicated that his 11 December. urbanrail.net Cegelec electrical equipment are tramway in 2014 will be marked draft 2014 capital programme NICE. The 450m extension 1007/18/9, renumbered 1507/18/9. by the introduction of nine new will include a proposal for 60 more of tramline 1 at Pasteur was The start of work ceremony for 14m cars for use on the 8km (4.9 trams, beyond the 204 already on inaugurated on 6 July. A. Senut the extension of U-Bahn U5 from mile) urban service between Portal order from Bombardier, to provide PARIS. The EUR163m, 6.6km Alexanderplatz to Brandenburger and Emilio Ribas. BS for service expansion towards the (4.1-mile), Translohr rubber-tyred Tor took place on 20 June. Passengers RIO DE JANEIRO. The 60 end of the decade. ‘Toronto Star’ tramline T5 from Marché de Saint- will ride the new line in 2019. BS commuter rail EMUs built by VANCOUVER. The city has Denis to Garges-Sarcelles RER via BIELEFELD. The city has approved Changchun Railway Vehicles will cut maintenance support for Pierrerfitte-sur-Seine opened on construction of line 5 from be equipped by Toshiba, under a the Granville Island to Science 29 July, with free rides on 3-4 Heepen to Sennestadt, using low- USD60m sub-contract. RGI World heritage tramway (used as August; 15 STE-3 cars (501-15) were floor trams; the Heepen line from SALVADOR. Bids have been a demonstrator during the 2010 delivered by the Alstom-owned Jahnplatz is new. Line 5 will take invited for a 30-year PPP to operate Winter Olympics). E. B. Havens company at a cost of EUR52m. over line 1 to Senne and extend to

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 397 Worldwide Review

Sennestadt. With most Stadtbahn-M 15 years beyond the current expiry have been unveiled for the extension to Dakshineshwar is cars sold to Łódz, the only ones left date of 9 December 2018. Delivery Westtangente tramline, 9km under construction. urbanrail.net in Bielefeld are 516/24/38/9, which of the new trains, including four (5.5 miles) from Romanplatz to MUMBAI (Bombay). Metro have had their destination blinds dual-voltage units, will run from U-Bahn Aidenbachstrasse via operation was due to start between replaced by matrix displays. BS late 2016 to late 2018. Fürstenrieder Strasse, estimated Versova and Ghatkopar (11.5km, BONN. A tender is being prepared HANNOVER. A production line to cost EUR75m. DS 7.2 miles) on 15 August. BS to replace the 24 1994 Düwag-built for the new 3000-series trams NAUMBURG. A tramway festival tram fleet from 2016. BS opened at HeiterBlick’s Leipzig is organised for 14 September. BS IRELAND BREMEN. The 4.2km (2.6-mile) works in May. Bogies are coming NORDHAUSEN. Preserved two- DUBLIN. A shortlist of bidders extension of route 4 from Borgfeld from Alstom, electrical equipment axle tram 23 (Wismar 1934) has to run Luas from September 2014, to Falkenberg should be ready for from Vossloh. The first of 50 cars been sent for overhaul in the Gera when the current concession public service in November. BS should arrive early in 2014; there tramway workshop. DS expires, has been announced. COTTBUS. 110 years of tramway is an option for a further 96. Kiepe SCHÖNEICHE. The current They comprise First Light Rail operation (18 July) were marked on Stadtbahn car 2007 has been operating tram fleet comprises Ireland; Keolis; RATP Dev and 15 June by a depot open day. Visitors scrapped after receiving accident double-ended ex-Heidelberg Transdev Ireland (replacing were Bochum Variobahn tram 533 damage last year. Undamaged trams 45-48 and three single- Veolia Transport Ireland). The (pre-delivery from Stadler Pankow) parts were used to repair 2019. BS ended Tatras with low-floor centre concession is currently held by and Erfurt Combino 724. Both JENA. The first of five new Solaris sections (26-28). BS Veolia Transport Ireland. operated with Cottbus museum Tramino low-floor trams, 701, was STRAUSBERG. 120 years of trams 24+13, 62 and 92. DS delivered from Poland on 18 July, the Strausberger Eisenbahn is ISLE OF MAN DÖBELN. It was hoped to resume followed by 702/3 in August. DS to be celebrated on 17 August, DOUGLAS. The first phase of horse tramway service in August KARLSRUHE. The first with Woltersdorf tram 2 and the project to regenerate Douglas after flooding repairs. J. Zimmer Bombardier dual-voltage LRV a locomotive of the Buckower promenade was expected to start DARMSTADT. The city is to entered service on line S2 on 9 July. Kleinbahn on loan. BS by the end of August. Costing build a tramway extension to the VBK/AVG managing director, STUTTGART. The first test run GBP1.6m (EUR1.86m), this phase Technical University at Lichtwiese, Walter Cazazza, is leaving to head- on the extension of line U12 from will concentrate on carriageway branching from the existing up the Augsburg undertaking. DS Löwentor to Hallschlag was on 21 redevelopment between the Sea network at Hochschulstadion. KASSEL. Delivery of the current July. Passenger service will start on Terminal and Victoria Street, with The 1.3km (0.8-mile) branch is batch of 22 Bombardier Flexity 14 September. SSB has exercised its completion expected in May 2014. estimated to cost EUR8.3m and trams was completed with the option with Stadler for a further 20 The Isle of Man Government should be complete in 2017. BS arrival of 672 on 19 July. DS DT8 units, for delivery in 2017. has provisionally agreed to the FRANKFURT-AM-MAIN. U2 KÖLN (Cologne). Stadtbahn-B Heritage tramline 23 ran for the full GBP17.1m (EUR19.8m) the LRVs 311/2/9/21/6/32/5/7/46/76 cars 2031/2/5/49 have been last time for two years on 21 July, scheme is expected to cost over the have been scrapped. BS overhauled for a further ten years due to infrastructure work. The next four years; it includes moving FREIBURG/Breisgau. The of service; 2012 is a museum car, connection to Ruhbank is now bus horse trams from the carriageway ground-breaking ceremony for the but is used for driver training. BS line 23E, with historic vehicles.DS to a single track with passing tramway extension to Messe was LEIPZIG. Ex-Rostock low-floor points on the seaward side. on 14 June. The 2.8km (1.7-mile) trailers have been numbered 939- HUNGARY The annual Manx Transport line will be on reservation; it is 43 in the Leipzig fleet. BUDAPEST. All 22 Alstom-built Heritage Festival took place at the hoped the EUR38m project can be MAGDEBURG. Route 6 reopened five-car metro trains are in service end of July. completed by the end of 2015. BS after flood repairs on 5 July. Some on line 2; original Russian-built GERA. Tatra KT4D trams 302/ 17 Tatra T4D trams and 8 B4D sets have been retired or moved to ITALY 46/7 have been sold to Pyatigorsk trailers were sent to Oradea in line 3. Alstom has started delivery CAGLIARI. CAF has been in the Russian Caucasus. DS Romania in May and June. A fare of 15 sets for future line 4. TR awarded a EUR7.6m contract for HALLE. Flooding affected tram increase from 1 August saw a single DEBRECEN. The CAF Urbos low- three five-section 32.9m 950mm- service to Halle-Neustadt and ticket price increase to EUR2; a day floor double-ended trams are being gauge Urbos 2 trams for delivery Bad Dürrenberg from 4-11 June; ticket now costs EUR4.60. BS numbered 511-528. BS next year. The order includes an 24 stored Tatra T4D and fiveB4D MÜLHEIM/Ruhr. The tender for MISKOLC. The new Skoda 26T option for six more, plus driver trailers have been scrapped. BS new trams has been reduced from 100% low-floor trams are being training and maintenance. TR HAMBURG. Bombardier has won 18 to at least ten (in addition to numbered 600-30. DS GENOVA. On 13 November 2012, a contract for 60 three-car S-Bahn the fiveFlexity already on order). passenger service on the Granarolo trains after the Hamburg Senate It now seems the issue of tramway INDIA rack tramway was re-extended confirmed DB subsidiary S-Bahn replacement may be put to a local KOLKATA. The 2.2km (1.3-mile) over the full 1.1km (0.7-mile) line, Hamburg GmbH would have its referendum. DS metro extension north to Noapara thereby reinstating service on the operating contract extended by MÜNCHEN (Munich). Plans opened on 10 July; a further portion above Via Bari after an

A view of Gosselies, Faubourg de Bruxelles (the terminus of the line) on the Tracklaying for the new French tramway at Aubagne (near Marseille) is now re-opened Charleroi Metro Line M3 on 12 July. M. Currie underway. Y. Allain

398 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org almost 12-year suspension. The project, a 3.4km (2.1-mile) subway trackbed has been stabilised and from the Britomart terminus to the the line upgraded, with the rack Western Line at Mount Eden, with changed from Riggenbach to Von three stations. The city approved Roll type and three new stops the project in 2012. B. Efford added. Only car 1 is available for WELLINGTON. The 6.5 strength the foreseeable future. Car 2 was earthquake that struck the city on sent for refurbishment, but the 21 July saw commuter rail services company hired to carry out the shut for inspection, and bus and work went bankrupt. S. J. Morgan trolleybus services suspended; 12 SOPRABOLZANO. The Renon aftershocks were recorded. Rail tramway reopened on 16 June after services resumed on 23 July. TVNZ six months of bus replacement to permit depot reconstruction. TR PHILIPPINES MANILA. CNR Dalian has been KAZAKHSTAN named preferred bidder to supply TERMITAU. With the closure of 48 LRVs to boost capacity on MRT the tramline on 24 June, the only line 3 for USD87m. E. B. Havens tramline still operating is route Toronto’s transport politics are often controversial, so a TTC press call always attracts 4 from 8 Mikrorayon to ZPP; 22 POLAND a good turn-out. This is the scene at Hillcrest workshops as the first of the 204 new KTM-5 and four ex-Potsdam KT4D ELBLAG. Stadtbahn-M trams Bombardier Flexity low-floor trams is taken for its first daylight run. M. Filey are available for service. BS 8003/10/2 have arrived from Augsburg; Modertrans will install terminus at Ploschad Sennaya SWITZERLAND LATVIA low-floor centre sections. BS and a turning circle at Ploschad BASEL. Approval has been given LIEPAYA. The 1.6km (0.9-mile) KRAKÓW. The EU has agreed to Repina. The KTM-31 fleet is due for the CHF75.5m (EUR61m) extension to Mirdzas Kempes co-finance a PLZ252m (EUR59m) to reach 20. tramway link for Badischer Iela opened on 29 May, serving a tramway bridge across the railway The federal government has Bahnhof – Riehenstrasse, to be district with 12 000 residents. The at Paszów station. Work will be rejected a funding request for the used by line 1. The international old line to the cemetery no longer completed next summer. IRJ 8km (5-mile) extension of metro extension to Weil-am-Rhein in has a regular service. BS WARSZAWA. Tenders have been line 1 to the airport, but offered Germany will be ready to open in invited for the delivery of 30 low- RUR12.5bn (EUR290m) to extend the last quarter of 2014; a ceremony MEXICO floor single-ended trams with ac line 3 to the new football stadium to weld the rails linking the two MEXICO CITY. Following traction equipment. A. Bailey in the north-west. Opening countries took place on 21 May. an order in December for four of the southern extension of line In a move designed to boost new Bombardier LRVs for the ROMANIA 5, with a new depot, will be in tourism in the Jura region, 1986 BVB Xochimilco line, fabrication IASI. The first ex-StuttgartGT4 to 2018 rather than 2015 or 2016 as bogie tram 482 has been repainted began in February with the first be rebodied and re-equipped by hoped. N. Semyonov, V. Waldin in the red and white CJ (Chemin cars due for delivery in the second Electroputere VFU was presented TAGANROG. 30 KTM-8 trams de Fer du Jura) livery, to operate on half of 2014. Their addition will on 27 June. The 1960s four-axle have been purchased from Moskva city tramlines for a year. EA expand the fleet to 24 cars. articulated tram is one of several to boost the fleet of 50KTM-5 and FRAUENFELD – WIL (FW). The As plans to operate it have been purchased in 1997, and if trials are fiveKTM-8. BS first Stadler-built ABe4/8, 7001, dropped, 1899 Brill tram 0 was successful the city plans to upgrade entered service on 26 June. EA moved back to its plinth at the its fleet for EUR80m compared SAUDI ARABIA museum at STE’s Tetepilco depot to EUR240m for new trams. RGI MAKKAH (Mecca). Parsons TAIWAN last autumn. The pantograph fitted Brinckerhoff has been awarded a TAIPEI. On 29 June the in 2011 has been removed and its RUSSIA 60-month USD93.6m consultancy Xinzhuang Orange metro line was trolley pole restored. S. J. Morgan KALININGRAD. The first PESA contract for the integrated metro extended to Huilong. urbanrail.net Swing low-floor tram has been and bus service programme. Four NETHERLANDS delivered as 1201, a three-section metro lines totalling 114km (70.8 TURKEY AMSTERDAM. The postponed single-ended car. BS miles) will be built. RGI ISTANBUL. Under construction entry into service of the Alstom KAZAN. Belkommunmash has are the metro line M2 extension Poland-built metro trains took delivered BKM843 low-floor trams SPAIN from Sishane to Yenikapi place on 26 June. OR 1301-6. The first five are ex-Minsk A CORUÑA. Work is being carried (including a cable-stayed bridge DEN HAAG. From 13 July route 157/8/63-5; ten non-articulated out on the mothballed heritage across the Golden Horn) and the 2 was cut back at Leidschendam BKM621 are to follow as 1320-9. BS tramway with a view to reinstating short LRT M1 extension from Noord to a stub terminus installed MOSKVA. The KTM-23 trams service, at least between Torre de Aksaray to Yenikapi. V. Waldin at Leidschendam Leidsenhage. The supplied by Ust-Katav entered Hércules and Stadion Riazor. BS same re-routing is to take place for service on 22 June on re-instated BARCELONA (FGC). The first of UKRAINE line 19. Tram 6 has been diverted route 13 along Volokolamsloe 24 class 113 three-car 1200V dc KYIV. The metro line 2 extension from Station Mariahoeve to Shosse to Metro Sokol. N. Semyonov units entered service in June. ‘Carril’ from Ipodrom to Teremky was to Leidschendam Noord. digitaletram.nl NOGINSK. Last year’s tram re- GENERAL. On 5 July the be opened on 24 August. Eight ROTTERDAM. Withdrawn opening appears to have been Spanish cabinet approved plans five-car metro trains have been metro sets not sold to Bursa little more than a stunt; there has to reduce the deficit on former ordered from Metrovagonmash for in Turkey have been scrapped been no operation for months and FEVE passenger services, whilst delivery before the end of 2013. RGI (5215/20/2/4/32/51/62/3/7). OR sections of overhead are missing. A retaining the whole network. LVIV. Local electronics firm UTRECHT. Tenders have been local industrial group, BSK-5, is said Costs will be reduced by tailoring Elektron, with assistance from invited for the supply of 27 low- to be interested in renovating the services closer to demand, and German company TransTec, has floor trams that will be used on the 13km (8.1-mile) line. N. Semyonov tackling widespread fare evasion. delivered a prototype five-section 7.5km Centraal Station – De Uithof SALAVAT. The last RVZ-6 trams In 2012 farebox income met only low-floor tramT5L64 1300, which line when it opens in 2018. IRJ have been withdrawn; 74 now sits 19% of costs and average train is being trialled on routes 1 and 9. on a plinth outside the depot. BS occupancy was 24%. RGI On 1 June new tramline 11 was NEW ZEALAND ST. PETERBURG. Double-ended MURCIA. Four million introduced linking Vokzal and the AUCKLAND. The New Zealand Ust-Katav KTM-31 trams (7400-7), passengers were carried on the Soborna Ploschad terminus. BS government will provide a 50% and similar Belkommunmash tramway in its second year of contribution to the NZD86bn BKM843 (5211-3) are used on the operation, an increase of 34% UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (EUR52bn) Auckland City Rail Link new route 3 in the city with a stub on 2011-12. TR DUBAI. With the announcement

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 399 Worldwide Review

Another new design of low-floor tram from a smaller manufacturer is Lviv 1300, The first new tram extension in the Baltic states since the early 1980s has opened seen in the Elektron factory. Elektron in the Latvian city of Liepaya, thanks to EU funding. D. I. Sident that the first AlstomCitadis is to the conversion of the Manchester capacity upgrade project. The STRATHCLYDE. The launch arrive in Dubai on 11 December, – Rose Hill Marple line and combined Bank and Monument of smartcard ticketing on the testing on the 10.6km Al Sufouh the aborted proposals for the station is a key interchange Glasgow Subway took place from 29 tramline is due to start in January conversion of Watford - St. Albans served by six lines (Northern, June with the introduction of the 2014. Passenger service is to begin all receive detailed examination. Central, Waterloo & City, and at ‘Bramble’ card and the progressive in November or December. The document is available at the Monument end of the same conversion of stations with new www.networkrail.co.uk complex, the District and Circle), glass entrance gates replacing UNITED KINGDOM LANCASHIRE. A new body to be as well as the DLR, for which Bank turnstiles at ticket offices. The BLACKPOOL. A full summer known as Transport for Lancashire is the main central terminus. It is first station so equipped was West tramway timetable was introduced is being formed by Lancashire the fourth busiest interchange Street in early July with Kinning on 23 June. The Sunday timetable County Council, Blackpool on the network with 96 000 Park, Bridge Street, Cessnock, is improved to operate every ten Council and Blackburn with customers in morning peak hours. Shields Road, Cowcaddens, Ibrox, minutes from 09.00, matching Darwen Council, together with NOTTINGHAM. The GBP570m St George’s Cross, Kelvinhall, the frequency on weekdays. the private sector-led Lancashire (approx. EUR661m) NET Kelvinbridge, Govan, Partick, The service reduces during the Enterprise Partnership. The body expansion scheme has created Hillhead, St Enoch and Buchanan evenings to every 15 minutes and will develop, approve and fund 1000 new construction jobs, Street stations to be converted over after 21.15 to half hourly. major transport schemes under half of which have been filled by the next few months. EDINBURGH. Following government proposals to devolve residents of Greater Nottingham. TYNE AND WEAR. Nexus, the reports purporting to show that powers and budgets from 2015-16. Tramlink Nottingham opened a Tyne & Wear Passenger Transport the tramline would operate at a One priority already identified is Travel Centre in King Street close Executive, has been forced to make loss, Edinburgh City Council has extension of Blackpool’s tramway to the Old Market Square stop cuts of GBP29m (EUR34m) to issued figures giving a projected to the North station. in July. It will provide timetable meet a funding gap in the scheme profit of GBP5m (EUR5.8m) over LONDON (DOCKLANDS). information and sell tickets, as to modernise the Metro system. a 15-year period. The projected Proposals outlined in the London well as promoting the tram and The estimated cost of the 11-year GBP5m profits rely on GBP11m Mayor’s Vision 2020 document its expanded network. project has risen from GBP389m beyond ticket receipts, including include extending the Docklands SOUTH YORKSHIRE. The first to GBP418m; the savings will tax savings. Other sources of Light Railway into Bromley. phase of track replacement work bring it back within budget. revenue could include advertising A Transport for London pre- on the section between Spring The Nexus Director of Finance and increased footfall through feasibility study has revealed the Lane and Park Grange Croft tram and Resources has indicated a partnership with Edinburgh cost to be GBP800m (EUR927.5m). stops began on 1 July. that efficient procurement and Airport. The tax savings rely LONDON (UNDERGROUND). During the work – due to take management, bringing some work on tram profits being allowable A 12.5% reduction in grant 12 weeks – buses replace trams in-house and redesigning some as deductions from income for (GBP225m or approx. EUR261m) between Castle Square/Arundel projects to eliminate cosmetic corporation tax purposes. imposed by the UK Government Gate and Spring Lane, operating improvements will help reduce With test trams expected to in its Spending Review has led to as a circular. Tram services on the costs. Although some projects have run over a substantial part of the speculation of further job losses Blue Route operate between Malin come in under budget, passenger new line by September, if the affecting both the Underground Bridge and Sheffield Station and usage has dropped considerably testing period proceeds smoothly, and Overground networks – 2300 from Spring Lane to Halfway. The during temporary closures, there is optimism that a public staff having already been lost over Herdings Purple Route service affecting revenue projections. service could be provided prior the last three years. A reduction is replaced between Gleadless Projects remaining unaffected to Christmas rather than the in the number of staff at stations Town End and Herdings Park or include station refurbishment at projected date of mid-2014. More is believed likely, particularly as Hemsworth and is withdrawn St James, Monument, Manors, than 600 candidates applied for journey payment is now largely over the Meadowhall to Gleadless Jesmond, Central and Regent the 32 tram driver posts. made by automated modes. Town End section. A GBP11.50 Centre, all in Newcastle, along GENERAL. Network Rail has London Overground has already (EUR13.30) tram and replacement with Four Lane Ends in North published its final ‘alternative issued redundancy notices to 130 bus weekly ticket is offered in Tyneside, South Shields in South solutions’ strategy which looks conducting staff to save GBP5m compensation for the disruption. Tyneside, and Gateshead. Work on at the greater use of trams, tram- (EUR5.8m) annually. Use of ticket SOUTHPORT. Tram service on CCTV, the public address system, trains, hybrid light rail, innovative counters has fallen by 65% since Southport Pier has been suspended escalators and lifts will also be electrification and community rail the launch of the Oyster card ten after cracks were discovered in completed as planned. over suburban and rural branch years ago and this trend is expected some pier supporting columns. WEST MIDLANDS. Overhead lines that are costly to operate in to continue with the introduction The pier remains open to line problems at Jewellery Quarter heavy rail mode. Although making of contactless cards later this year. pedestrians but the tramway caused service cancellations no specific recommendations, the A contract has been awarded to is suspended pending a more between Snow Hill and Soho Rotherham demonstration line, Dragados SA for the Bank station detailed structural inspection. Benson Road from 7-10 July.

400 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Nine out of ten passengers in preferred bidder to build the city SAVAN NAH, GA. Ex-Melbourne short canopied open top vehicle. a Passenger Focus survey have centre tramway. City lawyers are 756 has been sent to a company In 1927 its top deck was extended indicated their satisfaction with still involved in a court battle in Pennsylvania for a USD81 000 to increase capacity, but in 1933 it the service provided. However, over the legality of the sales tax to overhaul; it is hoped heritage tram was converted to a single deck car they did suggest that conductors provide finance. E. B. Havens services can resume before the end for the Oldham – Middleton route. should give out better information LOS ANGELES, CA. The lawsuit of the year. E. B. Havens Work to lay the foundations of when service disruptions occur. against the proposed Metrolink SEATTLE, WA. The LRT line is the new tram depot at the Lakeside commuter rail extension to Perris carrying 32-38 000 passengers/ site finally commenced in late June USA has been withdrawn. Service day, treble the pre-opening and steelwork was expected to be ANAHEIM, CA. Orange County should start in 2015. E. B. Havens forecast for 2013. Bizjournals.com erected by the end of July. Transportation Authority has MIAMI, FL. A nine-month TUCSON, AZ. With the modern SEATON (UK). Seaton Tramway made further funding available to USD325 000 feasibility study by tramline approaching completion, has promoted a number of special enable the city to study a tramway six partners will examine options discussions have started with Old events for 2013; from 26 July to link between the railway station for a light rail line linking Miami Pueblo Trolley about the future of 4 September it was hoping to and Disney resort area. E. B. Havens and Miami Beach. E. B. Havens its heritage service, suspended in appeal to transport enthusiasts ATLANTA, GA. Completion for PORTLAND, OR. After years of October 2011. It is hoped it may by running, as far as possible, the Downtown Streetcar project is political and citizen wrangling be possible to resume operation, the older trams that formed the now spring 2014, due to delays in and the expenditure of USD170m on the new tracks, later in 2014, backbone of the service on the utility relocation. E. B. Havens on planning work, the USD3.4bn but new safety procedures will earlier site at Eastbourne. These ARLINGTON, VA. The Arlington project for a new Columbia River be necessary for mixed operation were intended to run on Fridays County Board has approved an Crossing on Interstate 5 linking with low-floor cars. E. B. Havens and Saturdays in place of the intergovernmental agreement Portland and Vancouver (WA), WASHINGTON, DC. The first general ‘workhorse’ double-deck for the proposed Columbia Pike which would have included a powered runs to test the long- cars, 9, 10 and 11 that normally tramway. E. B. Havens TriMet light rail extension, has stored Inekon trams took place on provide a 20-minute headway. BETHESDA – NEW been cancelled by the Governors a section of reserved track by South SUNDERLAND (UK). The North CARROLLTON, MD. The state of Oregon and Washington. The Capitol Street in late July. On-street East Electric Traction Trust is has made a further USD280m Washington state Senate had testing of the three trams for the moving all its stock of trams to the available for work on the proposed refused to approve their share of H Street tramline was due to start North East Land, Sea and Aircraft Purple LRT line. E. B. Havens the finance for the plan. at the end of August, following Museum at Sunderland. However, CHARLOTTE, NC. The ground- MAX provided 39.1 million completion of trackwork at the its twin set pair of Budapest trams, breaking for the 15.5km (9.6-mile) boarding rides in the fiscal year depot site at Benning Rd/26th St 2576+2577 which operated at the extension of the CATS light rail that ended on 30 June, a 7.3% drop NE (the depot building permission Transperience site near Bradford line to the university took place on the previous year, attributed to was delayed). E. B. Havens until it closed 17 years ago, have on 18 July. E. B. Havens the elimination of the city centre been repatriated to Hungary. It is CINCINNATI, OH. The contract fare-free zone last September. MUSEUM NEWS hoped the trams will be restored to for the city centre tramway On the Portland Streetcar, the HADDON (AU). Melbourne W5 operating condition in Budapest. was signed on 15 July, with 15 entry into service of new tram 792 has arrived at the Melbourne SHELBURNE FALLS, MA (US). September 2016 specified as the 022 on 26 June and the return of Tramcar Preservation Association The Trolley Museum has received completion date. The estimated accident-damaged car 002 at the site from the Glenreagh a USD27 500 grant from the cost is now USD133m. J. Schneider end of June expanded the fleet to Mountain Railway. SPER Massachusetts Cultural Facilities DALLAS, TX. Opening of the 13 cars, giving two spares for the SKJOLDENAESHOLM (DK). Fund to permit a new fire-resistant Olive St extension of the McKinney first time since the opening of the Rostock Rekowagen 797 returned depot building to be installed to Avenue tramway is now scheduled second line and introduction of an to the Danish Tramway Museum house 1896 wooden-bodied tram for November. E. B. Havens 11-car schedule, in September 2012. on 1 July after refurbishment in the 10. The existing depot will be used DENVER, CO. The RTD board As planned, prototype car 015 Rostock tramway workshops. DS to restore 1904 car 60. E. B. Havens has re-aligned the I-225 LRT line is now expected to be returned to BERGEN (NO). Heritage trams at the University of Colorado to United Streetcar for modifications, will run between Møhlenpris CONTRIBUTORS Fitzsimmons Parkway to allay fears but it was still in service in late July. museum depot and Hulen (400m) Worldwide items should be sent to of electromagnetic interference Car 023 arrived in mid-July. on Sundays 25 August, 8-22 Worldwide Editor Michael Taplin and vibration that could affect The CL Line’s OMSI terminus September, 6-20 October and at Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, sensitive equipment. E. B. Havens is scheduled to be closed from 8 3 November, 13.00-15.00. BES Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK – Fax: FORT LAUDERDALE, FL. September to 23 October to permit CRICH TRAMWAY VILLAGE +44 (0)1983 862810 or e-mail A property tax levy to support its reconfiguration and expansion (UK). On 8 July the National [email protected]. construction and operation of in connection with the ‘Close Tramway Museum celebrated UK and Ireland items are the planned USD142.6m, 4.3km the Loop’ project, which will 50 years since the first tram welcomed by the Home News (2.6-mile), tramway has been eventually connect the PS tracks to operation. This was horse-drawn Editor, John Symons, 17 Whitmore approved. It is hoped to open the the MAX line under construction tram Sheffield 15 from 1874 and Avenue, Werrington, Stoke- first section in 2016. E. B. Havens nearby, allowing the streetcar line the anniversary was celebrated on-Trent, ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail GALVESTON, TX. The diesel to cross the new transit bridge by re-enacting the event with [email protected] tramway service, suspended due to when it opens in autumn 2015. the original 1963 crew present. Contributors this month damage by Hurricane Ike in 2008, To continue service, a new Alongside the re-enactment, the include Mike Ballinger, Mike was to be the subject of a report to connecting turn is under museum also hosted its Patron Haddon and Martin Rickitt. the city council in August, giving construction at SE ML King HRH the Duke of Gloucester. Acknowledgements are also due the results of a consultant’s study Blvd and Stephens St to permit The first electric tramcar was to Birmingham Mail, BS Blickpunkt on re-opening options. E. B. Havens southbound trams to turn back, operated in 1964; the event is to Strassenbahn, Carril, Centro, HONOLULU, HI. The House with completion due at the end be commemorated next year. DS Drehscheibe Strassenbahn, Appropriations Committee has of August. E. B. Havens, S. J. Morgan HEATON PARK (UK). The digitaletram.nl, EA Eisenbahn agreed to give the light metro SAN FRANCISCO, CA (BART). Manchester Transport Museum Amateur, EB Emirates 24/7, Edinburgh project the largest single grant in The first strike for 16 years closed Society has acquired the body of Evening News, Global Rail News, IRJ the 2014 budget, USD250m. The BART from 1 July to midday on 5 Oldham Corporation Tramways International Rail Journal, Le Soir, total project cost is USD5.26bn, July. However the return to work 43 from a farm, representing a Nottingham Evening Post, RPA, RGI and construction is still suspended was only on the basis of extending long-term project to restore it to Railway Gazette International, RH, due to legal challenges. E. B. Havens the existing labour contract for operational condition. The tram T-2000 Tram 2000, TMS, TVNZ KANSAS CITY, MO. T he 30 days to permit negotiations was built in 1902 by the Electric Television New Zealand, Toronto Star, Herzog Contracting/Witbeck between management and unions Railway and Tramways Carriage urbanrail.net, and Wolverhampton joint venture has been named as to resume. E. B. Havens Works on a Brill 21E truck as a Express & Star.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 401 Letters

Mailbox Get your views into print Letters should be clearly typed and preferably not handwritten. [email protected] +44 (0)1733 367615 We reserve the right to shorten contributions for publication.

How climate change and the weather affects transport operators I would like to draw together a few of the threads from the – further perils for public transport operators. Mr Wallace last issue of TAUT (908) that paint a mixed picture of the points to changing jet stream conditions, and other research future for public transport, and tramways in particular. suggests this may be slowing and meandering further away Beginning with the weather, it was well-timed that from traditional paths. Declining arctic sea ice due to a the editors chose last month to focus on the damage and raising of global temperatures also affects the climate mix, disruption experienced by European and Canadian operators somewhat burying the arguments that climate change and as a result of the flooding in May and June 2013. Some of man’s effect upon it is a myth… the images and case studies presented by operators proved The figures from the UITP Congress (pages 336-338) tell particularly interesting on the approaches taken to not only their own tale: Private motorised transport emits 3.5 times mitigate any damage, but also to recover and restore services more greenhouse gases per passenger than pubic transport following the worst of the flooding. per km travelled, as well as public transport cutting energy Maintaining any public service under such difficult bills and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. circumstances must be challenging to say the least and I can Although greenhouse gases have undoubtedly been curbed only echo the Editor’s statements in his praise of the fine by co-operating governments over the last 20 years there is efforts of the operating and maintenance staff in this regard. still more to be done – and taking cars off the roads and the Moving on, as Tony Streeter suggests in his Comment in switch to electric and hybrid mobility must be key. the same issue, the global climate is indeed in a state of P. Burgess, by e-mail accelerating flux, with ‘century events’ now becoming ‘decade events’. As extreme weather is becoming more common Having seen how floods can do damage in Boston I can rather than ‘freak’, I think it is important that we assess every understand how bad it can get. aspect of our lives and its effect on the planet – with transport When the Riverside line was built in 1958-9 the subway offering one way in which we can all do our bit. portal at Fenway was right near the Muddy River. The river Changing our transport habits, and moving to more was redesigned by Frederick Law Olmstead during the 19th sustainable modes such as walking, cycling and electrified Century, but in 1954 Sears Roebuck, which was next to the public transport can and will make a real difference in portal site, was allowed to build a parking lot over it which cutting carbon emissions, with the added benefits that have saw the river diverted into small culverts. been outlined many times in TAUT. It did not take much to cause a backup during a serious Yet extreme weather takes many forms and it was also storm and in August 1955 Hurricane Dianne did just that. fascinating to read Steven Wallace’s piece that also covered Since the Highland Branch was a railroad then with no the devastating effects of high and prolonged temperatures. subway portal it did not affect the subway system, but it did No sooner did I put down my copy of the magazine than I flood the railroad line and caused tributary brooks to back up. experienced such high and prolonged temperatures with the One (Brook St) was under the street I lived on at the time and mini heatwave that hit the UK. Almost 800 lost lives have we had three feet of water (around a metre) in the basement! been attributed to this in the UK, and I have seen a few stories In October 1962 it happened again when the Muddy River in the media about melting road surfaces roads and buckled overflowed near Longwood Station on the new Riverside Line. rails. The US has also experienced similar effects, with some Large plywood boards were left nearby with two steel posts Eastern states recording temperatures of up to 40°C. between the tracks to try to stop the water should it happen Of course, the extreme heat experienced with the ‘blocking again, but these were no match for an overflowing river. highs’, that cause the stable periods of high heat and The flooding knocked out everything west of Kenmore humidity, are often followed by thunderstorms and flooding until Commonwealth and Watertown.

In 1955 Hurricane Dianne caused a serious backup at the Fenway portal in One of the five PCC cars which was stranded near Longwood, Boston, in Boston, MA, which was very close to the Muddy River. L.D. Mills 1962 – passengers had to be rescued by Fire Department Boats. L.D. Mills

402 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Five PCC cars were trapped near Longwood and several electrical and signal complexes requiring a longer the passengers of one were rescuced by Brookline Fire period of manual switching. Department boats. The water went down into the subway One good thing this time was that with double-ended LRVs and knocked out all service west of Copley. The flood took and Type 7s it was easier to run shuttle services on the outer place on Saturday 6 October and knocked out everything parts of the lines as well as in the tunnel. west of Kenmore until Commonwealth and Watertown Lawrence D. Mills, by e-mail (the line had been bussed the previous week as part of an experiment. That failed at the time but unfortunately the The flooded MBTA portal at Beacon. The flooding occurred on Sunday 20 line was ultimately taken off in 1969 and, though intact October 1996, and services were restored on Saturday 26 October. L.D. Mills until 1994, was destroyed during the 1990s – well into the light rail age. Beacon and Commonwealth returned to service on 11 October and most of the flooded cars were back in service by the end of the year. (I was later told that several were also trapped in the subway). I rode the Riverside line on 12 October and you could smell the disinfectant in the tunnel; manual switches were in use for a while. History repeated itself with flooding at Longwood in October 1996; this time on Sunday 20 October taking service out for a week. Since it was 34 years since the last one, nobody remembered any plywood and the water went right down into the tunnel. Services came back to Commonwealth on Friday 25 October and I believe Beacon & Riverside came back on Saturday 26. It went further in this time and destroyed

Integrated ticketing is a must meant a lengthy walk back to Euston because significant number of motorists just won’t be Following on from H.H. Anderson’s letter that’s how long it took me to calm down. tempted on to it. I’m sorry to say, I’ll be one last month, the other incentive to get car Suffice to say it only confirmed my preference of them! drivers, or in my case, motorcyclists, out of for the motorbike. Leon Labistour, by e-mail their vehicles and on to public transport is When the Oyster card was extended to integrated ticketing at an affordable price. Watford, this, coupled with the introduction Passenger marketing When I lived in Watford I could commute of parking charges in Westminster for I was very impressed with the ‘Dumb Ways to my two work places in Ladbroke Grove motorbikes, ensured I took the train at least to Die’ viral campaign (now with almost 55m and Paddington in about 30 minutes on my twice a week on the days I needed to be YouTube views) as highlighted in the Editor’s motorbike. Usually based in Ladbroke Grove, in Paddington. A bonus of using the card comment in last month’s magazine, and it I started my day in Paddington about twice a meant I could have a drink after work with really made me think about how light rail week for meetings. Before the Oyster card was colleagues so two days often became three to and tramway services are marketed. extended to Watford and my bike was off the include Fridays on many weeks. Making public transport easily accessible road, I would buy the cheaper return ticket to Although it took well over an hour, door- and ever-present in people’s minds should be Euston, take the fast train and then use buses to-door, to commute this way, the flexibility a key priority for authorities if they are finding to Paddington. I usually walked in my lunch of the Oyster meant I had to admit I could do the millions to fund such services in the first period from there to Ladbroke Grove because without a bike for the first time. instance – funding is only the first stage. the buses took almost as long and the Tube Outside of London, bus deregulation ended I also believe the Editor is right when he was much more expensive (without a card). any hope of sensible and flexible travel. I suggests that operators should market light On the first attempt trying to get a train now live in Norwich and either walk or cycle railways, tramways and metros as a fun and home from Kensal Green (already part of the rather than use public transport as the city is social experience; this would help break the way back to Watford and closest to Ladbroke relatively compact and a bus trip of just one or stigma of public transport amongst young Grove) I was told I could only get a train from two miles costs GBP2-3 (EUR2.30-3.50). You people (like my children) as being only Euston because it looked as if I had broken can build tramways and busways but until something you do if you can’t afford a car! my journey home with a stop there. That affordable integrated ticketing is available, a Name and address supplied

The full list of the year’s meetings and meeting places MEETINGS & EVENTS can also be found at www.lrta.org

AUGUST 2013 SEPTEMBER 2013 Phone 01275 857903 or e-mail John Buckle: Perambulations of Wednesday 14. Brighton Tuesday 3. Southampton 19.30. [email protected] to confirm Richard Elliot. (TLRS) (Southwick) 19.40. Brian Boddy: A selection of railway slides from attendance.) (TLRS) Saturday 21. Norwich 14.30. Cedric U-Bahn, S-Bahn and Strassenbahn Martyn Davies. (LRTA/SEG) Monday 16. Liverpool 19.30. Martin Greenwood: Films of Austrian and Berlin. (TLRS) Wednesday 11. Brighton Jenkins: Glasgow tramways in Swiss interurbans – 1994-2011. Venue: Monday 19. Wickham 19.30. Peter (Southwick) 19.40. Tony Sullivan: colour. (TLRS) 6 The Willows, Norwich, NR2 4EW. Monday 16. Wickham 19.30. Don Howard: 3Ms and more. (TLRS) Luas – Dublin's Red and Green (TLRS East Anglia) Mitchell: Old Patagonian Express. Thursday 22. Dartford 19.30. Geoff Routes. (TLRS) Thursday 26. Manchester 19. 00. Lomas: More trams on celluloid film Saturday 14. Taunton 14.00. Sean (TLRS) Dennis Gill: 75 years of the LRTA in from his collection. (TLRS) Crowshaw: The heritage tramway Tuesday 17. London 19.00. Manchester. Thursday 29. Manchester scene (Note: one week earlier and Ed Humphreys: Memories 19.00. Tony Williams: Metrolink change of venue. Now to be held at of Copenhagen’s trams and Saturday 28. Beeston 14.00. Andy Developments – re-scheduled from 3 Bucklands View, Nailsea BS48 4TZ trolleybuses. Lawtont: Isle of Man Railways. (TLRS) 30 May, usual venue. and combined with model trams Wednesday 18. Bristol. Keith Saturday 28. Garstang 14.00. Gent, Saturday 31. Beeston 14.00. in the garden. Trams running from Walton: Latest travels. Brussels and Antwerp in the 21st Members' meeting. (TLRS) 14.00, talk to commence at 15.00. Thursday 19. Dartford 19.30. Century. (TLRS)

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 403 Classic Trams A Century of Little Change When this series started in 2003, the first event covered was the 90th anniversary celebration at Woltersdorf, Germany. Ten years later, we are back, but this year’s centenary celebrations were anything but a re-run, as Mike Russell reports. 1

ne could be forgiven for Orenstein & Koppel for the opening in 1913; Berlin Maximumwagen, two are currently at wondering how a single 5.6km its survival was due to its demotion to works Woltersdorf and both operated faultlessly (3.5-mile) tramway line could duties and remaining on the inventory long throughout the weekend. mark its centenary and yet ring enough to become a preservation candidate. Grosser Berliner Strassenbahn 2990 the changes from previous This car was rebuilt in the Woltersdorf was originally built by Herbrand of Köln Ocelebrations. This, though, is a tramway workshops in 1987 in time for the 75th in 1910 as one of over 300 Maximum 30 that ‘belongs’ to the small local community, anniversary, but a more extensive rebuild maximum traction bogie cars supplied by which enthusiastically supported a weekend took place from 1999 to 2003. four manufacturers between 1906-12; these programme – along with visitors from far The second car is 7, the prototype KSW cars featured upholstered transverse seats, and wide. Allied to an inspired collaboration (Kriegsstrassenbahnwagen, or wartime mahogany interiors and open platforms. between management, staff and enthusiasts, austerity car) built by Fuchs of Heidelberg in Car 2990 became 5098 in the (BSt) fleet and it is also one that has brought forth some 1943. Initially trialled on the Berlin system later 5279, passing into the East Berlin fleet truly magnificent achievements. (as 6221) it passed after only a few months in 1949. After standing in open storage at Special credit for these belongs to the to Woltersdorf, where it remained in daily Woltersdorf from 1972, in 1980 it acquired dedicated Woltersdorf workshop who, in service until 1979. It has been a historic car historic car status and was restored in Berlin recent years, have given of their own time to since 1980 and again has been restored to to original condition, being made serviceable produce a highly creditable series of tramcar original condition. in 1990. The car was later returned to restorations from within this small depot. Both cars 2 and 7 have previously operated Woltersdorf and further renovated in 2006-8, Pride of place must surely go to the two with trailers (respectively, 24 of the original on condition that it was available for special Berlin maximum-traction bogie cars, of which 1913 series built by Orenstein & Koppel, and operations until 2013. the second was only passed for passenger KSW trailer 22 of 1944, originally Strausberg The latest rebuild is former Städtische service days before the centenary. These cars 18) but both remained in the depot on this Strassenbahnen in Berlin type 8B car 218, joined Woltersdorf’s own historic rolling another maximum traction car but in this stock to mount a special operation that would “Woltersdorf is a case an eight-window car of 1913, one of 123 have done credit to a big urban tramway. built by Linke-Hoffman-Werke at Breslau traditional local tramway (today Wrocław). This car, withdrawn in 1969 Unaltered purpose as 5403 in the East Berlin fleet, was subject to The purpose of the tramway in 1913 was fulfilling the function for a five-year rebuild at Woltersdorf, including identical to its role today: to link the small restoration to open-platform configuration community of Woltersdorf with the railway which it was created” and removal of the mid-1920s vestibules. It line (now the S-Bahn) to Berlin, at Rahnsdorf carries a bow collector, the initial current station. This is effectively a village tramway – weekend; regular trailer operation, long a collection system used on the Woltersdorf line. for this is a small, self-contained community feature of the line, has now ceased. There were several memorable scenes whose total population remains under 6000. What should have been the high point over this remarkable weekend. One was the Opened on 17 May 1913, the line has of the weekend’s events was marred by a turning of 218’s bow collector at Rahnsdorf remained almost unaltered in a century. Over theft of parts which rendered historic car 2 and Woltersdorf Schleuse, for this is of the the years the depot-connection junction has temporarily immobile and unable to play its unusual walk-round variant, not the more been remodelled, a new passing loop inserted part in the Sunday operation, its place being common swing-over type. at Berliner Platz and the track subjected to taken by a third Gotha motor car. Another took place on the afternoon of minor realignment during relaying, but centenary day itself, 17 May. Since 2006, an a time traveller would entirely recognise Berlin bogie cars additional car has provided short-working today’s tramway. It was and remains the After some cars sustained damage in wartime Monday to Friday peak services between principal local link with the city to the west. bombing raids, Berlin lent one of its T07/25 Rahnsdorf station and Berliner Platz, Saturday 18 and Sunday 19 May 2013 maximum traction cars (5282) to help out increasing the frequency to ten minutes. saw two days of historic operation. Normal in Woltersdorf whilst repairs were effected. Rather than a single Gotha car, the two service is every 20 minutes but for these two This car was originally one of the Berlin- Maximumwagen operated this supplementary days the daytime frequency was doubled, Charlottenburger Strassenbahn battery service, their journeys being extended to the though with every fifth journey curtailed to trams of 1897, later extensively rebuilt for depot for that afternoon only, thereby giving terminate at Ernst-Thälmann Platz to provide overhead current collection and, with many weekday passengers the chance to travel on sequential reliefs at the depot for the crews. other Maximumwagen, further rebuilt with the historic cars in regular timetabled service. With an hourly round trip, the enhanced platform vestibules in the mid-1920s under Woltersdorf is a traditional local tramway service between Bahnhof Rahnsdorf and the unified Berliner Strassenbahn (BSt). faithfully fulfilling the function for which it Woltersdorf Schleuse required six cars, Also, from 1968, several historic Berlin was created. On centenary weekend, everyone intended to be provided by four historic cars trams, including three such bogie cars, concerned with the event did both the and two of the line’s normal two-axle Gotha were granted ‘asylum’ on land adjoining local community and enthusiast fraternity motor cars. These latter are survivors from the Woltersdorf depot until proper museum proud and, as Monika Viktor, manageress of the East German era and, now more than 50 facilities were established in Berlin; one of the tramway, states in her foreword to 100 years old, are an increasing rarity in today’s them (5274, outwardly similar to 5282 but Jahre Woltersdorfer Strassenbahn, she looks pervasive low-floor, articulated tramcar world. built by Falkenried of Hamburg in 1912) forward to the community's children and Woltersdorf has two of its own historic operated on the Woltersdorf line in 1973-4 grandchildren celebrating the tramway’s vehicles. Car 2 is one of four built in Berlin by before returning home. Of the five surviving 150th birthday on 17 May 2063.

404 / september 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org 1 Each of the four walls of the Goethestrasse substation building in Berliner Strasse is decorated with a painting of one of the Woltersdorf trams. On 18 May 2013, car 2 of the original batch of 1913-built motor cars passes the mural of its alter ego.

2 Parade of the Berlin Maximumwagen on centenary day, Friday 17 May 2013 – 2990 and 218 are seen at the Berliner Platz loop heading for Rahnsdorf S-Bahn with a private party before entering service on the afternoon peak reinforcement shuttle service.

3 The two historic trailers remained within the depot during the centenary weekend, though 24, a survivor from 1913, was decorated and carried the anniversary poster. Behind is KSW trailer 22 of 1944, which came from Strausberg in 1968 2 and has been designated a historic car since 1996.

4 A meeting of the two Berlin Maximumwagen at Woltersdorf Schleuse terminal loop on 18 May. Light drizzle saw wooden-framed windscreens temporarily affixed to the open platforms of cars 2990 and 218.

5 Two blasts from the past at Ernst-Thälmann Platz on 19 May. In the foreground, prototype KSW car 7 of 1943 heads off to Schleuse. In the background is Hugo, a 3 4 1956-built Do54 normal-control double-deck bus from the Berlin-based DVN collection.

6 The epitome of the village tramway. Normal service is provided by solo Gotha T57 two-axle motor cars from the DDR era. Now over 50 years old, on 19 May, 32, pressed into service to replace the disabled 2, heads towards Schleuse on the street-running single-track in Schleusenstrasse. This car was built in 1961 and started life 5 6 in Dessau. 7 Two cars pass at the woodland loop that in the DDR era was the location of the Kontrolpunkt, marking the Berlin city boundary. Heading towards Rahnsdorf S-Bahn is Gotha car 31, a T57 product of 1959 that started life as Karl- Marx-Stadt (Chemnitz) 808 and served also in Dresden. Bound for Woltersdorf Schleuse is car 2 of the original 1913 delivery.

8 All cars carried posters advertising the centenary.

9 The original pointwork at the Schleuse terminal loop was reconditioned in 2007 by Balfour Beatty and is the subject of this special display. 7 8 9 All photography by Mike Russell

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org september 2013 / 405 BOOKSHOP Order online from lrta.info/shop – or by post from: LRTA Publications, 31 Ashton Road, Wokingham RG41 1HL Postage & packing – Any UK address: Add 10% (minimum £2.00, maximum £7.50) All addresses outside UK: Add 20% (minimum £4.00, maximum £15.00)

PCCs of Western Europe 1950-2010 – The tram that Belgium made

By Geoffrey Skelsey & Yves-Laurent Hansart

These authors are well-known for their previous work on the Brussels and Belgian Coastal tramways. Here they vividly describe the development of the PCC car in post-war Western Europe right through to the demise of this iconic type in recent years. Softback, A4 size, 84 pages, with over 150 black & white and colour photographs.

Price: £14.50 – An LRTA publication. Trade rates available to bookshops, libraries and museums. Contact [email protected] for more details.

Charleroi’s trams since 1940 – Coal, steel and cornfields New book from the LRTA By Geoffrey Skelsey & Yves-Laurent Hansart Geoffrey Skelsey & Yves -Laurent Hansart have put together the story of t he Belgian industrial town of Charleroi ’s two tramways, which were This wide-ranging book explores the colourful history of the area’s two tramways sincepart of one of1940, Europe’s most extensive networks.

with insight into the political and economic problems which lay behind theirTraditional decline two-axle trams and still ran in the 1970s and then, in a remarkable

partial revival. metamorphosis, part of the local network of the celebrated Vicinal national undertaking With images from photographers who knew the networks well, this is a uniqueevolved - withcontribution considerable difficulty regional light rail system, extended in -2012. into a

to transport history. This wide-ranging book explores the colourful history of the two tramways since Softback, A4 size, 112 pages, with over 200 illustrations in colour and black1940, & with white insight into theand political and economic problems which lay behind their numerous maps including a large fold-out plan of the combined STIC/SNCVdecline network and partial revival. in 1969.

Supported by over 200 outstanding illustrations by photographers who knew the networks well, this is a uniq Price: £22.50 – An LRTA publication. Trade rates available to bookshops, libraries and ue contribution to transport history.

museums. Contact [email protected] for more details. Softback, A4-size, 112 pages with over 300 illustrations in colour and black & white and numerous maps including a l plan of the combined STIC/SNCV arge fold-out network in 1969. Trams in Wallonia – The final years of the SNCV

Order on-line from: lrta.info/shop The perfect companion to the Charleroi book! A series of carefully-restoredor Super-8by post from: films shot LRTA Publications, 35 High Street, Moulton, Spalding PE12 6QB

between 1985 and 2013 by Wouter van Doorn and showing the declining£22.50 plus £2.25 postageyears & packing of traditional to a £22.50 plus £4.50 postage & packing to a ny UK address ll addresses outside UK Vicinal operation in and around Charleroi. A section of the DVD covers(by Airmail to Europe;the surface massive mail to rest of world changes dispatch to addresses outside Europe – for Airmail on line 90 as a result of the development of the pre-metro and finishes with a series, please addof £6.75 P&P“then) and now” stills taken twenty years after closure of the Anderlues to La Louvière section. Dutch commentary with English, French and German subtitles. DVD-R PAL format. Full colour with sound, 67 minutes playing time.

Price: £16.50 (including VAT)

Brooklyn Trolley Cars - From the BRT to the B&QT

Covering every type of trolley and cable car that the Brooklyn Rapid Transit and later the Brooklyn and Queens Transit Corporation operated, this book traces the development of electric streetcar equipment from the consolidation of the Brooklyn fleets through to the last days of trolleys in New York. The rare photographic work is accompanied by drawings of most of the major orders of cars, a complete 1904 track map of all the Brooklyn and Queens lines, roller sign layouts of each type and a complete fleet list plus a schedule of preserved cars. This is a comprehensive record of a Brooklyn empire that built one of the greatest streetcar networks in America Hardback 290 x 220mm, landscape format, 336 pages with more than 650 black & white pictures.

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