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Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
Sarva Siksha Abhiyan
SARVA SIKSHA ABHIYAN DISTRICT: HAILAKANDI DISTRICT ELEMENTARY EDUCATION PLAN (DEEP) (2002-2003 to 2009-2010) AXOM SARBA SIKSHA ABHIJAN MISSION GOVERNMENT OF ASSAM Page 1 of 1 “STRICT ... IT"* • c-isTRicr b h u n p ^.r y O P n C> R C A P • SAfi-WAy l)N£’ • AMi stream • C/STRICT HEAD pt/A^fSR • BLOCK. H ^ .D 9uAer£R • Ei-f'CK SCJNr'ARy • T E A StARDEn/ • S.C..^«CA • S.T./A«£A • Fo«£tr Aur R£i.ilR'/S fORilST L • floow h K''t).Z AkSA • INTER-ST/^TE eoUNDARY • UiiTSICT eouMDARY • p w o POAJy 0 M i l WAY i» w f • fVlvt K S t fr-LAM • DISTRICT MEAD pUARTER • BLOCK h e a d q u a r t e r © 0 BLOCK BoUNiJARy •7feAS.ARDEN • S.C -AREA BS • G .T . • F orest AMD j?£s£Rve f o r e s t • FLOOD PROHE AREA r f C A C C D b y : ) MCL-AM C» D c ' i . / . n i^iTEf^-SxATe pCUWOAkY J > iS tp .ict B o u n d a r y ^W O POUMD fiAILkt^Y UHf ftw fc R AK<|, 2 1 A M d is tric t WTAD q u a r t e r *4 =0 C K HeM^a^UARTEH IS C k BoLKNOARy C A S m ^R D C W C - a r e a ,T . A R E A >«ESTAWO ^ESe;?vE FOREST -SOD PROfJEAREA t ^:a c e d r y ; ; j-.i s l a m c m o u d h l ^x " M > \ I u K /V j /.:y~^“!l ;■• '( ■ .■•■; /r\ MOT£S l . -
1St PROGRESS REPORT Scheme : “Safeguarding the Intangible
1 1st PROGRESS REPORT Scheme : “Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage and Diverse Cultural Traditions of India. Title of the Project/Purpose: Prepared by: Shri Bipul Ojah “A study of various aspects of Khol: Village- Dalahati A Sattriya Musical Instrument” Barpeta-781301 Assam During the first reporting period I proceeded with my works as per my plan, and took up two tasks mentioned in the plan. One of them was to acquire knowledge of ‘Ga-Maan’, “Chok’, “Ghat” etc. of the main time division (taal) of Khol from the experienced masters and Sattriyas of the Satras belonging to the three main groups. The other task was to prepare the pattern of the time division in a scientific method by maintaining the characteristic features of the Sattriya Khol on the basis of the acquired knowledge. For these two tasks, I first chose Barpeta Satra and the Satras of the Kamalabari group of Majuli, and apart from doing field study there, I acquired knowledge of the Khol from the masters there. In this course I talked to Sri Basistha Dev Sarma, Burha Sattriya of Barpeta Satra, Sri Nabajit Das, Deka Sattriya of Barpeta Satra, Sri Jagannath Barbayan (92 years), the chief ‘Bayan’ of Barpeta Satra and Sri Akan Chandra Bayan, besides several distinguished Sattriya artists and writers such as Sri Nilkanta Sutradhar, Sri Gunindra Nath Ojah, Dr. Birinchi Kumar Das, Dr. Babul Chandra Das etc. Moreover, I studied various ‘Charit Books’ (biographies of the Vaishnavite saints), research books etc. and got various data on the Khol practiced in Barpeta Satra. After completing these works on the Khol of Barpeta Satra, I worked on the time division (taal) of the Khol practiced in the Satras of the Kamalabari group of Majuli. -
The Charismatic Authority of Sankardeva and Routinization of His Charisma: a Weberian Analysis
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 The Charismatic Authority Of Sankardeva And Routinization Of His Charisma: A Weberian Analysis Bedanta Bikash Bora Abstract: The theory of authority is at the heart of the sociology of Max Weber where he focusses on the historical shifts in the exercise of power. The third type of authority explained by Weber is the theory of charismatic authority where he talks about the charismatic powers of different personalities like prophets, heroes in wars, religious leaders etc; by dint of which they are considered superior to the ordinary people. This paper attempts to experiment this celebrated theory in the life and legacy of Sankardeva, a 15th century polymath who founded the vaishnavism in Assam and propounded a reformed version of Hinduism. His eternal charisma on the Assamese society in many ways corresponds to the theory of Weber. The notion of the recognition of validity of charisma, the concept of felt duty, the emancipator and revolutionary spirit of charisma and repudiation of the past- can be very easily attributed to the charismatic personality of Sankardeva. Weber also talks about the routinization of charismatic personality i.e. the demands placed on the charismatic personality while settling the crisis of succession, validation of the positions of authority, social status and the economic priviledges of the subjects, and the demand of giving it an administrative apparatus; which clearly corresponds to the routinization of charisma of Sankardeva after his death in the form of shifting of the authority to his favourite disciple Madhavdeva and in increasing bureaucratization of the Sattra institutes. -
Minority Languages in India
Thomas Benedikter Minority Languages in India An appraisal of the linguistic rights of minorities in India ---------------------------- EURASIA-Net Europe-South Asia Exchange on Supranational (Regional) Policies and Instruments for the Promotion of Human Rights and the Management of Minority Issues 2 Linguistic minorities in India An appraisal of the linguistic rights of minorities in India Bozen/Bolzano, March 2013 This study was originally written for the European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Institute for Minority Rights, in the frame of the project Europe-South Asia Exchange on Supranational (Regional) Policies and Instruments for the Promotion of Human Rights and the Management of Minority Issues (EURASIA-Net). The publication is based on extensive research in eight Indian States, with the support of the European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano and the Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group, Kolkata. EURASIA-Net Partners Accademia Europea Bolzano/Europäische Akademie Bozen (EURAC) – Bolzano/Bozen (Italy) Brunel University – West London (UK) Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität – Frankfurt am Main (Germany) Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group (India) South Asian Forum for Human Rights (Nepal) Democratic Commission of Human Development (Pakistan), and University of Dhaka (Bangladesh) Edited by © Thomas Benedikter 2013 Rights and permissions Copying and/or transmitting parts of this work without prior permission, may be a violation of applicable law. The publishers encourage dissemination of this publication and would be happy to grant permission. -
Why I Became a Hindu
Why I became a Hindu Parama Karuna Devi published by Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Copyright © 2018 Parama Karuna Devi All rights reserved Title ID: 8916295 ISBN-13: 978-1724611147 ISBN-10: 1724611143 published by: Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Website: www.jagannathavallabha.com Anyone wishing to submit questions, observations, objections or further information, useful in improving the contents of this book, is welcome to contact the author: E-mail: [email protected] phone: +91 (India) 94373 00906 Please note: direct contact data such as email and phone numbers may change due to events of force majeure, so please keep an eye on the updated information on the website. Table of contents Preface 7 My work 9 My experience 12 Why Hinduism is better 18 Fundamental teachings of Hinduism 21 A definition of Hinduism 29 The problem of castes 31 The importance of Bhakti 34 The need for a Guru 39 Can someone become a Hindu? 43 Historical examples 45 Hinduism in the world 52 Conversions in modern times 56 Individuals who embraced Hindu beliefs 61 Hindu revival 68 Dayananda Saraswati and Arya Samaj 73 Shraddhananda Swami 75 Sarla Bedi 75 Pandurang Shastri Athavale 75 Chattampi Swamikal 76 Narayana Guru 77 Navajyothi Sree Karunakara Guru 78 Swami Bhoomananda Tirtha 79 Ramakrishna Paramahamsa 79 Sarada Devi 80 Golap Ma 81 Rama Tirtha Swami 81 Niranjanananda Swami 81 Vireshwarananda Swami 82 Rudrananda Swami 82 Swahananda Swami 82 Narayanananda Swami 83 Vivekananda Swami and Ramakrishna Math 83 Sister Nivedita -
Assamese Children Literature: an Introductory Study
PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(4): 91-97 Article Received: 08th October, 2020; Article Revised: 15th February, 2021; Article Accepted: 20th March, 2021 Assamese Children Literature: An Introductory Study Dalimi Pathak Assistant Professor Sonapur College, Sonapur, Assam, India _________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION : Out of these, she has again shown the children Among the different branches of literature, literature of ancient Assam by dividing it into children literature is a remarkable one. Literature different parts, such as : written in this category for the purpose of the (A) Ancient Assam's Children Literature : children's well being, helps them to raise their (a) Folk literature level children literature mental health, intellectual, emotional, social and (b) Vaishnav Era's children literature moral feelings. Not just only the children's but a real (c) Shankar literature of the later period children's literature touches everyone's heart and (d) Pre-Independence period children literature gives immense happiness. Composing child's Based on the views of both the above literature is a complicated task. This class of mentioned researchers Assamese children literature exist in different languages all over the literature can be broadly divided into three major world. In our Assamese language too multiple levels : numbers of children literature are composed. (A) Assamese Children Literature of the Oral Era. While aiming towards the infant mind and mixing (B) Assamese Children Literature of the Vaishnav the mental intelligence of those kids with their Era. wisdom instinct, imagination and feelings, (C) Assamese Children Literature of the Modern literature in this category will also find a place on Era. the mind of the infants. -
Mapping India's Language and Mother Tongue Diversity and Its
Mapping India’s Language and Mother Tongue Diversity and its Exclusion in the Indian Census Dr. Shivakumar Jolad1 and Aayush Agarwal2 1FLAME University, Lavale, Pune, India 2Centre for Social and Behavioural Change, Ashoka University, New Delhi, India Abstract In this article, we critique the process of linguistic data enumeration and classification by the Census of India. We map out inclusion and exclusion under Scheduled and non-Scheduled languages and their mother tongues and their representation in state bureaucracies, the judiciary, and education. We highlight that Census classification leads to delegitimization of ‘mother tongues’ that deserve the status of language and official recognition by the state. We argue that the blanket exclusion of languages and mother tongues based on numerical thresholds disregards the languages of about 18.7 million speakers in India. We compute and map the Linguistic Diversity Index of India at the national and state levels and show that the exclusion of mother tongues undermines the linguistic diversity of states. We show that the Hindi belt shows the maximum divergence in Language and Mother Tongue Diversity. We stress the need for India to officially acknowledge the linguistic diversity of states and make the Census classification and enumeration to reflect the true Linguistic diversity. Introduction India and the Indian subcontinent have long been known for their rich diversity in languages and cultures which had baffled travelers, invaders, and colonizers. Amir Khusru, Sufi poet and scholar of the 13th century, wrote about the diversity of languages in Northern India from Sindhi, Punjabi, and Gujarati to Telugu and Bengali (Grierson, 1903-27, vol. -
A Study of Sanchipat Manuscripts Found in Assam: Techniques Adopted for Preventive Conservation of Manuscripts by Different Institutes of This Region
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln March 2021 A Study Of Sanchipat Manuscripts Found In Assam: Techniques Adopted For Preventive Conservation Of Manuscripts By Different Institutes Of This Region Prarthana Borthakur [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Borthakur, Prarthana, "A Study Of Sanchipat Manuscripts Found In Assam: Techniques Adopted For Preventive Conservation Of Manuscripts By Different Institutes Of This Region" (2021). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 5081. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/5081 A Study Of Sanchipat Manuscripts Found In Assam: Techniques Adopted For Preventive Conservation Of Manuscripts By Different Institutes Of This Region Prarthana Borthakur Moranhat, Assam [email protected] ABSTRACT Purpose: The present study is made to document old and rare Sanchipat manuscripts found in different parts of Assam and to highlight the role institutions of this region are playing in creating awareness among the local people regarding its significance. Methodology: For the present study, information is collected through a personal interview with the management authority of The Research institutes and Museum. Secondary sources (Books, e-journals, Newspapers) are also been consulted for obtaining secondary information. Findings: reveals that numerous important manuscripts are lying untouched and in a deteriorating condition which needs to be taken care of to preserve it for generations to come. Various techniques adopted to conserve and preserve manuscripts by various institutes (Research Centers, Museums, Special Libraries, and Archives). Institutes operating locally are working towards it but still a lot more to go. -
Neo-Vernacularization of South Asian Languages
LLanguageanguage EEndangermentndangerment andand PPreservationreservation inin SSouthouth AAsiasia ed. by Hugo C. Cardoso Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 7 Language Endangerment and Preservation in South Asia ed. by Hugo C. Cardoso Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 7 PUBLISHED AS A SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION & CONSERVATION LANGUAGE ENDANGERMENT AND PRESERVATION IN SOUTH ASIA Special Publication No. 7 (January 2014) ed. by Hugo C. Cardoso LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION & CONSERVATION Department of Linguistics, UHM Moore Hall 569 1890 East-West Road Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822 USA http:/nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I PRESS 2840 Kolowalu Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822-1888 USA © All text and images are copyright to the authors, 2014 Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License ISBN 978-0-9856211-4-8 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4607 Contents Contributors iii Foreword 1 Hugo C. Cardoso 1 Death by other means: Neo-vernacularization of South Asian 3 languages E. Annamalai 2 Majority language death 19 Liudmila V. Khokhlova 3 Ahom and Tangsa: Case studies of language maintenance and 46 loss in North East India Stephen Morey 4 Script as a potential demarcator and stabilizer of languages in 78 South Asia Carmen Brandt 5 The lifecycle of Sri Lanka Malay 100 Umberto Ansaldo & Lisa Lim LANGUAGE ENDANGERMENT AND PRESERVATION IN SOUTH ASIA iii CONTRIBUTORS E. ANNAMALAI ([email protected]) is director emeritus of the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore (India). He was chair of Terralingua, a non-profit organization to promote bi-cultural diversity and a panel member of the Endangered Languages Documentation Project, London. -
Renaissance in Assamese Literature
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org Volume 3 Issue 9 ǁ September. 2014 ǁ PP.45-47 Renaissance in Assamese Literature Dr. Chandana Goswami Associate Professor Dept. of History D.H.S.K. College Dibrugarh, Assam, India ABSTRACT : The paper entitled “Renaissance in Assamese Literature” attempts to highlight the growing sense of consciousness in the minds of the Assamese people. From 1813 to 1854, the year of Wood’s Despatch, this was the period when Assam was experiencing the beginning of a new phase of national life, being thrown into contact with the west. It was trade that had already brought the British salt merchants into Assam. When finally the British took over Assam it had been suffering for a long period from internal disturbances which were closely followed by the Burmese invasions. Education in the country in the early years of British rule was in a retrograde state. In 1837 when Bengali replaced the Assamese as the language of the court, the missionaries had just arrived in Assam. They took up cudgels against the imposition of the Bengali language. The near total darkness shrouding Assam from the outside world was gradually removed with the entry of the British who gradually broke Assam’s isolation by establishing new routes of communication. The educated elite of the time contributed largely towards the development of Assamese literature. I. INTRODUCTION : The term “renaissance” was first used in a specific European context, to describe the great era from about the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries, when the entire socio-cultural atmosphere of Europe underwent a spectacular transformation. -
Chapter One: Social, Cultural and Linguistic Landscape of India
Chapter one: Social, Cultural and Linguistic Landscape of India 1.1 Introduction: India also known as Bharat is the seventh largest country covering a land area of 32, 87,263 sq.km. It stretches 3,214 km. from North to South between the extreme latitudes and 2,933 km from East to West between the extreme longitudes. On this 2.4 % of earth‟s surface, lives 16% of world‟s population. With a population of 1,028,737,436 variations is there at every step of life. India is a land of bewildering diversity. India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the Figure 1.1: India in World Population south, the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on the east. Many outsiders explored India via these routes. The whole of India is divided into twenty eight states and seven union territories. Each state has its own cultural and linguistic peculiarities and diversities. This diversity can be seen in every aspect of Indian life. Whether it is culture, language, script, religion, food, clothing etc. makes ones identity multi-dimensional. Ones identity lies in his language, his culture, caste, state, village etc. So one can say India is a multi-centered nation. Indian multilingualism is unique in itself. It has been rightly said, “Each part of India is a kind of replica of the bigger cultural space called India.” (Singh U. N, 2009). Also multilingualism in India is not considered a barrier but a boon. 17 Chapter One: Social, Cultural and Linguistic Landscape of India Languages act as bridges because it enables us to know about others.