The Chinese-Japanese Library of the Harvard-Yenching Institute
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Citation Elisséeff, Serge. 1956. The Chinese-Japanese Library of the Harvard-Yenching Institute. Harvard Library Bulletin X (1), Winter 1956: 73-93.
Citable link https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37363571
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I. HISTORY AND GR0\ 1VTII
1'' 1879 an elderly Chinese scholar, l{o K'un-hua, f ro1n the city of ~jngpo jn Chekiang })rovincc, ,vas appointed to a chnir _ofinstruc~ cion in Chinese at I-lar\rard Co1Icgc. A s1nnllcollection of Chinese books \v~s purchased Gt that thne, and during the next rhirty~.fivc yenrs -af e,v vo]un1cs,-..·ere added yearly.. ln 1914 t,vo Ja pancsc prof es~ sors came to Harvard: Hattori Unokichi,. a leading sinologist in his country., "\Vhopresented n1any v0Jun1csto the Co1lcgc lJibra.ry, and An csaki l\-lasaharu., a ,vc]l-kno\vn bud dho 1ogist, ,v l1 o con tri hu tcd scv- era l important collections of Ja11ancscbooks. These gifts apparently lvere the begiru1ing of the Japanese collection. 1~hen, for a further ·period of ten yc~rs, the gro-\vth of. the Chincse-Japanesc coHcccion vtas jnsignificant. ,, 7ith the incrcnse of interest in Chinn nnd Japan during the years after the :first\¥orld vVar, there \Vnsa feeling d1at t:hc collec- tion should be increased and that a con1petent lihrarinn should be in~ vited to handle it~ ln 1927 A~ K'aiming Cl1iiuw3s appointed J-11hraria11 and took charge of the collection, ,vhich at that tj1nc nu1nbered 4,526 volumes in Chinese and 1,668 volumes in Japanese, hoth housed in Roon1 91 in vVidencr Library. The situation changed further in January 1928, ,vhcn the llarvard- y cnching Institute ,vas independentl}Tincorporated un tian universities in China1 but also jn crc,ating a. center at IwlarvardUni- versity for Far E1.Stcn1studies, ,vith the n1ajor cmphnsison Eino]ogy. The frjcndJy relntions that exjstcd bct\Vcen HanTard and various (:ltl- nese 1u1iv·ersiricsopened an opportunity to purchase books in Peking., Nankjng~ and other important Chinese centers. The Trustees 1nade l locations for a syste111aticbuilding up of the Chin ~sc-Japancse co llec- tion. Dr Ch'iut ,vith his thorough kno~.vlcdgcof Chinese b~uliogr:1.phy 73 Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) 74 · H ar-vardLibrary Bulletin, and J11 s incx: hall sti h 1c en th usiasu1, b cgan lo organize a research Iib nu y applying n1odern library tcchni l In the prcp-nrntion nf tltis articlei I am i11dehtcd tu. Dr Ch,iu for brjngjng to~ gcther selected b11}l i u ~raphica] d:1ta. ... Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) 1,be ('binese-J apaneseI~ibrary 75 \Vcstcrc, Y-.;ar ChiiH.'"tiC Japa nc..:::: r Tib,.::t;.1u :\1,m d11.1 l\.·fougulLiHl Kun:.1.11 L.-mgs. Torul I 9:27 41526 1,668 6,194 ~928 1 5,2-4~ •i-676 I 619.24 192 9 2.4,51I 1,77G ;2.6,287 1930 44,103 t,083 46,186 1931 54,432 1,87 [ 57,3°3 l932 7 l iOJfi 3,835 74187 I 1953 79,484 61639 86, I 2 J 1934 80,65 I 61994 93)645 1935 9?1668 7,803 344 100,S 15 1936 l{IL.,81B :-l,245 JU) _609 I J 0,992 1937 1oS,852- 8l363 3.20 75° I 18,285 1938 I 141973 91444 3:20 114 919 125,,77o I939 1 z4~z5 i Iol502 534 458 42 1'!-181 I 39,969 1940 144'!-l14 12,930 534 639 2 86 1,474 159~977 6 ,t 2. 1,(H)(} l 94 I E 59102 4 I 4, I 65 ""T 32·4 l, 76I l]7,5 !6 1942 164,.516 14,568 642- 11000 3l4 2~04:z 1 B2.,89z r943 165,059 T 4i8JO 642 1~000 324 2,247 1:84, l: 01 HJ44 165,084 lj1l2-5 643 I]OOO 32.8 2-1548 184~~z8 1945 J 66/i I :2 I j ,18:2. 643 1,,000 3 2:s z,895 186~760 1946 H381357 lO]tJ l J 643 {iOOO 3i8 3i136 l 93ilJ75 1947 179,0{)3 10,958 660 1,009 32 9 3,536 205~495 1948 184]893 .l Ii379 66;: ),009 330 3,950 21 J,i2J 1949 I 86,353 271208 662 1.,009 33° 4,J 69 i 19,93[ 1950 188,844 i8)66 c 662 1,045 331 5,045 22+588 1951 19 2 ,348' 36,843 662 11045 331 3i7 5d54 l-371110 1952 197,939 4°, 2 97 662 1,045 332 J76 6, I 5J 246~804 1953 2061543 42.,5o3 66z J 1051 335 789 6j554 258i439 1954 l I 5,148 451B2B 664 1.,057 349 I 10? 1 6,893 i70,960 1 955 l :z.2-,43 5 51, 1 33 676 1,061 35[ 1,4[ 6 7,:284 284,356 IL PRESENT ARrtA~ GE~-IEJ\''T or· TH~ Liu RA RY The shelves (an1ounting to 997 sections! .each 111easuring3 ft. x 6 ft. x 10 in.) arc 110,v practica11y full and occupy not only the basen1cnt htit the cast half of tht: secon Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) •.'. J. 'I .• _:' I I." I • I I • I• I I , --- Harvard Library Bulletin bccatnc necessary because of the nc,v c1nphusis placed after \~lorld \''ar II on studies of the nineteenth and hventieth centuries in the Far E.8.st.J n 19 46 a nc,v progr~ n1 ou rside the Depart111e n t of Far Ea!)tern Language~, ,v as ere ate d under the narr1e of the East Asin Region al Stu dics Prog1·a111. III. CARD CATALOGUES For the beneEt of scholars and students several difIcrcnt card cata- ]ogucs have been cstubJjshcd"One is a catalogue of (.."'hines-ebooks \Vith entries for both author and title, arranged alphabetically 2ccording to the 11/adc-Gilcs .transliteration of the Peki.nese pronunciation. 1~11c Japane.se collection ah~o has catalogue cards Ior both author and title filed in ABC order according to the 'modified Hepburn' roman11,ation" A third catalo guc is arranged by subject; here every book ca~ be found in frs special sccrion in the ch1ssification~chen1e. The schc1nc is based on Chin a' s tra ditiona 1 rsu~pu (four dcpnrt1~1c11 ts) systcn1 initiated be- t\v ecn A.D. 2 20 and 2 65" Also ref erred to son1ctimes as ssu-k'u (four trca.sur ics) ., th is \Vas th c only library classificntion systen1 '-Vidc l y used in (:hi.na Japan~ and· l(orc11.be.fore th cir con ta ct ,vi th the v\.rest r A f ou rt h cata1 o gu c, of the Chinese and Japan cse books together.. is ar- ranged by the 'four-corner systcn1' C?fJocating Chinese characters, so that tl 1c student can find th c n ceded book ,vith Oll t nccessariIy kno1ving the Chinese or Ja p r1nese pro11u n cinti on q f its ti tie L A \1niqne feature of these cata1ognes is the detailed trcauncnt of the T...ibrarjls numerous 'collectanea': over J ~300 Chinese ts'l!ng~sbu and 900 Japanese s6sbo.8 .Li\.11these. \\··ere analyzed· and their con1poncnts catalogued separatelyi so tl1at each individual ,vork (some 60,000 tit1cs in <:hinese and nearly 50,000 in Japanese) has separate card plus an~ otl)cr for its author. The contents of the collect~nea.i ,vhich arc.rich sources of inforrnation, are thus n1adc incstin1ably more acce~.sibleto schohlrs. The H ~rvarJ. Y CJ.1chingCl assifi c rition Sch en1e v/as p1ibl i_i,;h ~d by the Com mittc c on Fiu F~_stcrnStudjes of the Atncrk:an Council D+ C., in l 943 1 and has :::;inccbeen adopted l)y nm.~ Far. Eastern c:oUect~onsl n. the U nit-cd States an cl Cmtada. 1r is :;1.lso u:!icd in a n umber of 1i b niriCJs:in Cl Lina, conti- n~ntfll Europoi Engl:1ncl1 1\-1~1:.ly~,and Ausu--alia+ 3 Until :rclati ,•c-lyrecent t:inu::s p crio djca_lsdi cl not c.:xistin the Orient, and short \Vorks w e:rc gathered tt.) gcthcr :ind print~d :in more or ] e:ss ,1n-ifIJ m f.unna t in '!hickcts of ~·ritin gs1 - rm expression p.ro1tounce d t i'ung-shu in Chinese nn d rosb o in J11pancs-e. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) The Cbinese..:.JapaneseJ... ibrary 77 ·fhe fifth cata 1ogu c is of ,~lestern nm.teria1s, mno ng ,v hich arc son1e rare hooks in Russian. These "'\1/cstcrn\Yorks on the Var East arc also listed in both th c Pub] ic and Official (Union) c:utalogn es in \V j dcncr Librarv.· . I \.l CARD PRl NTTNG .ANO TI i "[i', BOOK CA'fAL( )Gu E In 193 8 the J..,ibrary began to p~int cards for Chinese. books at the Pc king office of the Insti tl1 te at ''f c n chin g University. These cards, pdn tcd ,vith a grant from the Ito ckefell er F ou n dacion, , vcrc distri bu red to so1ne t\ven ty librorics in Cl1 in a, the U nitcd States~Can ad n, England, Holland, and S\vcden at the price of the cards plus transporta- tion.1 All the receiving librnrjcs (lncluding Harvard) o,ve n1uch th~nks to t 11c R o-ckef clI er F oundn tion for th is uscf u l gift. Th c Pacific \Var put a -~~opto the projccl. All together about 12,530 cards ,vere printe{l for titles jn Classics.,Philosophy~ R.c]ig1011, Archaeology, Biog-. ruphy, History, and Gcogr~p'J1y;the set-up type, ho-\vcvcr, arnounts to more th nn 35, O "'Am erics.n 1 oo-pcr ce11rr;ag ca rd:, \V~tc stnt to Chin'd,printed the re, ~nd tran'.~ porred 1)ad~ to the United Sti tc.s .. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I • 11 I I I I I I I , , , , • . • I • • "'"" • • I• I I. Ill I I. I • • I I I . . rlnrrr.JardLibrary Bulletin Tru.l;jtees, to publish a book catalogue of the contents of the LiLrary. Dr Ch'iu went to China for this purpose in.Dccc1nbcr 1936. ~cgjnning in the sprj n g of 19 3 81 pages of such a ca ta logu c ,v erc pr.inred in Pc king f ron1 the s~nnetype that \Vasbcn1 g set for pr j nting the card s. Rc t\V ccn l 938 and •940, three volu1ncs (amounting to 830 pages) of the Chi~ nese Book Catalogue \vcre pub~jshed1 covering the san1c fields as \Vere covered by the cards. l\1ost Far Eastern l.ibraric-.sth~oughout the ,vorld n o,v have copies of th e.sethree volnmcs~ 6 1··heproject of the Book Catalogue, interrupted hy the °"rar.,,viH be revived in the near future for both Chinese and Japanese books. i\-'ican- w hile the Library p ublisll c .ncse rare Looks i are being co111piicd for eventual publication. Besides the printed c~taloguc anq · printed lists of the Library, re- search scholars and profc~sors connected ,vith the Institute have puh- li~·he \T. STRENGTH OF THE CHINESE Co,., .E<~110N 'fhc Chinc.~c collection is strong in all n1atcrial~ dealing ,vith the 1 humanities 1 1vhich have al\, ays hccn the main interest of Chinese tradi- tional scho Ia rs. In cxan1ining the dificrc11tsections, ,ve 111aystarl ( con- forn1i11g to Chinese tradition) ,vith the Confucian Classics and ,vorks dealing ,v1t.hthen1. Naturally the J... ibrary possesses all the n1ajo.r rcper- tor1csin original editions. J\lcntion n1ay be nm.deof the no,:v rare 1.8 15 edition by Juan Yiian (1764-1849) of the Tbirteen Classics witb Standard Co11tn1.entariesand his O\Vn collation notes+ The Library ~lso po-s.scssesthe expository ,vork about the classical texts (T)unp;-clJib- t' ang cbing-chieh) edited by Hsli Ch'ien-hsitch ( r 6 3 1-1694). This i1n- portant ,vork .in 500 volumes, published in I 67 5 Ly the f arnous A1anchu poet Singdc (165 5-J 685), includes the conu11cntarics of scholars of the ...EntitlcJ A Clrrssifica Catalogue of C!Jine.HJRooks it1 tbe CollC'ciion of tbe · C hit1ese-fnp,,nc s~ I~ib rar.v of tbe H «Fvnrd-Y enc hi-ng h-irtit.nte at H .ar--;.;wdU 1.d'",.Jtr-· sit)'. 1.\ Jimite d nun~Ler of copies are. .,.;ti]l vai1al,Jc to insritu tio ns ( no:: to in di\Tidu-n ls) 1 at $11.00 per set, -! JafJlfne s-e C oUe cud JV or ks ff nd Sc ric f in the Cl~i-n cse-J ri pmff se Jjbra1y tit Har- '"v{!rd Univcrsi (y; 96 + 3 1 pp. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) 'fbe Cbinesc-}apaneseLibrary 79 Sung (960-1279) and Yii.an ( 12.80-1368) periods. The classicalco111- mcnturics ,vrittcn by scholars of the Ch"'ingdynasty ( 1644-r 912) v~rcrc put together in 3 20 vohuncs by Jnan Yuan and printed in 1 860; a sup- plc1ncnt of another 32 o vo lun1 es "\Vascon1 pi Ic d and 11ri n tcd 2 8 yenrs later by ,, 1ang Hsicn~ch"icn ( r 842-1917). The nu1n-erous ,vorks of · commentators ,vho ,vorkcd -after 1890 arc also ~lvailab]cin the Chinese- Japanese J_,jibrary~ . • It ,vas a Chinese practice to pul1lish phi]osoph ical nntholog1cs by putting tll c V?or ks of various philosoph en, together on one basi.1 or an- other. The Library has all these sta n ~ard co 11ec ti ons of "Th c Tc n Philosophers' or ! .. r he .rv.~cnty-t\VO Philosophers' or ~1~hel-Iu11drcd Philosophers~' p 1us many other important ,v or ks on phi] oso phy j n gc n- cra1 and jndividual philosophers in µarticular. The oldest \vork ·in this seed on is a r~re Southern Sung ( n velf th-century) cd ition of the Fn-yen • fron1 the Ehrary of the famous bib]ioJlhilc Fn ~fscng-hsiang ( 1872-i 945?), f onncr 1ninister of education in the Ile publican govern- ment at Peking ( 1917) and adviser on rare Chinese hooks to n1any · Chinese and Japanese cultural insritutions. F tOIIl rc1note tini es the Chincse use rulers. These histories ,vere printed, reprinted 1 and reedited~ The Chi- nese-Japanese l..ibrary contains a]l avai]ab]c editions of the Twenty- [ our Standard l-listories~starting ,vith the l-listorical Re'cords {Shib- cbi) 8nd ending \Vith the History of the Aling Dynasty, and also of the Draft I-!istory of the Cb"'ing /Jynnsty, ,vhich still ren1ains unoHicial. Nun1crous studies and treatises about each dynasty ,vritten by many outstandjng scholars arc also included in this section of the I....ibrary. J}rimary historical sources for the last 544 yen rs are the so~called 'Au- thentic Records' of the l\·ling ( 1368-1644) and Ch\ng dynasrjcs., rec- ords f ron1 ,v h ich th c ] arg e~sca 1e histories took a good sha re of their materia1~ An i1nportant section in the Library is the one on Chinese social and political institutions,' Herc a1S'o,as in the preceding case, the l~st t,vo ":"0 r Yi1ng-t~zt f .'.l•,'l-' tm; a 1l1 ~floso J J hjcal trea ti5ic by -~{ang H sinng (; 3- 1 8 J~,c,) j offi cirll undtr the ·socialist usurper- e1nperor \Vang J\.·l..in g ( 4 5 B.c.-:1..o. 2 3}. Y nng Hsiung took a position on hum an nature mid v,tay b en.Yeen lvf enc ius, ,Yho t~u ght th:1t it is fun,l:11nc11taHygoodt antl I-Isl.in~t£.u( 34(1,--1-45B.c.)~ who rcg:udccl it :1s funda1n~nt-ally bad. I • Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I, , ,I ... 1 I I • • I•. • • • • • •- 1 •• - 11 -' - : I , -••!.', • • ,:_-.. 1:, I I , I I I • .• I I I , ••••IW, 1 .,,., .... 111,1, • II II 8 o H rrrvard l.~ibrar y Ru 11a tin dynasties ~re represented by outstanding xylograph editions. The Li- brary posS'c.~sesa A-1ing dynasty printing, fr<>n1Yiian ,vooden bl<)cks.,of the hnport~tnt \vork T,11ng-cbih ,vrittcn by Cheng Ch)iao ( 1104~ r l 6i ) ...There should a1so be n1ention of the fVen~hsien t'11ng-k'aoby i\1la Tuan-lin (ca. 1280)~ in a so-c'1lled P~lace ·Edition dated 15 i4, and its continuation con1pi1cd_hy-·VVangCh"'i, in the 1602 edition. Among other rare and irnpurtant iten1s of the sixteenth century are the in1- pcrial lvling-luuta-t.ien aDd the Ta_A.fing cbi-_li,nvo ,vorks dealing ,vith the soci o-poli tica 1in.sti tu ti ons of the ~-1in g dyn nsty.. f o the same pc riod belongs a]so the 1~n:'11/ing hui~tien (Collected Institutes of tbe Mi'ng Dy naJt y) , ~a.ted r 5 87 a coin pilation d ea.ling \"Iiij th the diffcrcn t state regulations.. For th c I Institu res' of th c 1\1 anchu empire rhe Li bra ry has the Ta Ch'ing hui-tie11,fron1 the first ed1tion of 1684-90 to the fifth 011eof 1899. · l\ not h c r important and intercsti.11g group co 111prises co Ile ctions of memorials to the::throne by govcrn1nent 1ni.nistcrs. The finest item .in the group is one printed by bronze n1ovable type in 1490, a con1piln- tion by Chao Ju~yll_( ? -1195) dealing with the n1en10rials presented to the throne hy Sung officials. A larger _collection (blockprintcd in 1416) of n1cn1orialsfro1n the earliest tin1c to the end of th~ Yiian dy- nasty \Vas con1piled by Yang Shih-chi ( 1365-1444). '"fhc Huang Arlin,; su-ch' ao compiledby Sun I-Jsiin (fl. 15 74) and three other lVHngcollec~ rions represent n1ost of the memorials Ly 1'--1ingrninistcrs. There arc nurncrons memoriah- presented by officials to the j\i1:1nchucn1pcrors during t11cir rci gns of i 6 8 years. Th c Library has rp qst of th enl. J\-1orcthan 1~000 works in the Library deal ,vith the Chinese lan- guage irselt -A~nongthese 111ay he n1entioned the ol Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I I • • The Chinese-]apanese Lihnrry 81 n1any imp nrtant vol utncs of Iitcrary c ri tj cj s1n. A.1110ng t hen1 is a thir- teenth-century pdnting of the T'ang Liu hsien-sbeng chi~the collected ,vorks of Liu Tsung~yi:ian (77 3-8 J9) ..s ~fhis Yiiun edition is of par- ticub.1rinterest because it does not contain th~ Lung-c/leug Jut an ac- count o°f personal mcn1oirs an of the first emperor and founder of the dynaSt}7 , j\1ing T'ai-tsn ( 13 28- 1 398)) blockprintcd jn Yunnan province in r 5 i 9. Other notnhlc 1\lling cdjtions include the collected ,vorks of Sung Lien (1310-13 81 ), 155 1 I;! Just as in poetry the Chinese gene ran y ra tc .first the Vr'ork of J.. i Po ( 701 -761 ) !il!nd Tu :fin ( 7 r i-j70) j they sil~iila rl y I wl d up as the srn n dard of pros~ the w r:itings of Han Yii ( 768-8 2 4) and Liu Tsung-yfo"m. Tn i::mgh_ H 13.nYff's prose is cdcbra ted for i~ stylc 1 l~cing tnodeled after ~ndcnt ,.,,ritingst in substance I.iu~s prose is more interesting. Han YU lirnitml his ,vriungs to subjects: re lacing to onho clox. Con - fucfanism, _,vhercas Lio's interests ,i.·ere very wid~ kriding hhn frequently jn10 th<= fieIris n f Taoism and Buddhism. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I • • I 11 .1 I, • ·- ... . I I I • • • • • • I • • • • 'I I •II, I I I , 82 Hnrvnrd Library Bulletin edition .in 3, vohunes; Liu (:hi (131 r~1 375), 1519 edition in 24 vol ... u1ncs;l(ao Ch'i ( 1336-13 74)., 1444 edition in 6 volumes; Fang Hsi-ao-ju ( l 3 57-1402 )., 1561 edition in 2.0 volun1cs; Yung Shih~ch'i ( r 365- 1444), 16 r 8 ed irj on in 8 vol n rn es; Li T 11ng ~yang ( 1447- 15 1 6), 1 5 04 edition in 4 vohunes; Li lvleng~yang ( 147 2··· 1 5 29), t 6rn edition in 24 volun1es; YVang Shou-jcn ( 147 2~15 28L. J 5 33 edition in 50 vol~ un1es; Lo ChJin-shun ( 1465-1 54 7) I 62 2 edition in 4 vo1un1es; Yang Shen (1488-15 59) 1 1 582 edition in 24 voh1111cs;JJo Chin-1ning ( 1483- 152 1 )., I 577 edition in 8 vo1urncs;1~'ung Shun-chih ( 1507-1560)~ 15 53 edition in r o vohunes; Li P'an-lung ( 1514~15 70) 1 1563 cd1tion jn 1 o volurncs and · 1606 edition in 1 o volun,cs; YV~ng Shih-then ( 15 26- 590) t 1577 edition in 7i volutucs~Yuan I-lung-tao ( r 578?-r6 ro? ), 1 608 edition 1118 vol on1es3nd I 640? edition in 24 volun1cs; Chung Hsing ( I 574-162 5), 1643 edition in 4 volumes~ Ch ten Chi-ju ( 1558- 16 _)9), 1 640? edition in 6 vo1un1cs;I-I uang Tao-chou ( 158 5- 1 646), I 64or editiotl in 4 vohll11C5+ 0 f th c 1itc rat i-cirtists ·,v hose pain tin gs arc trc asured by i\.tner ican and Europeari n1us~un1.~1 the 1...ihraryin mg,ny c~ses has the collected iJternry ,vorks in origjnal 1\1ing editions. ()f the.~c may be n1cntioned the f ollo,ving: Shen Chou ( 142.7-1 509), l 6 l 5 edition in 6 volu1nes; \:\ 7 en Cheng~111ing ( 14 70-1 55 9), 1567? edfrion in 1 o volun1cs; Tung Ch'i-ch~ang ( 155 5-1636)" 1630 edition in 11 volun1cs~ .r\s for the Ch'ing dynasty, there arc several original editions of the earliest "'titers of the period. The ,vork of Cb 'icn Ch~ien-i ( 158 2- 1664) is represented hy a 1643 edition that \Vas banned during the l\·Ia11chuperiod+ Strange to say,. original editions of the c:lrly· Ch ting ,~/ritcrs printed during the reigns of the first three c1npcrors, Shun- chih (1644-1662 ), K'ang-hsi ( 1662-r 7i 3), and Yung-cheng ( I 72 3- 173 6), arc -very ~carcc. For such vlorks the Library tries to ·get photo- 1ithographcd edition0 of the original blockprjnts. For the p~st t,vcnty years every effort has been 1nndeto nhtain the collected ,vork~ of all ~hincsc scholar.r;, ,vho have played an ~ctive part in the culrnral and po1itical Efc of the nation during the past century. Snch \Vorks arc n1ost in1portant for the siudJ"tof Cbina's recent and contcn1porJry history·. It is gn~~at s-at.isfactjon to report that the J.. ihn1ry no,v has n1ost of them. fhc be] lcs-lcttrcs collection has been enriched by 2.,95 6 volurues pre sentc Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) 'J'be Chinese-JapaneseLibr{{ty LiLrary also ncqnircd a unique collection of Chinese dnunas and novels. These v,olun1es \vere asscn1blcd over a period of forty years by Ch'i Ju-sha 1< great authority on Ch incse dramatic art. J-Jc ,vas the nd- v.iser of the f an1ous a~tor lvlei Iran-fang and the nut11or of n1any sccnai·ios for the actor"s troupe. J\)1osto[ these volun1es \.Vereprjntcd durjng the !\,fing period; son1e of them ~re quite rare bet:ausc they ,vcrc banned hy the governtncnt for their allegedly Jiccntious content. They nntural!y ,verc not n1entioncd in catalogues, and by Confucian scholars doubtless they ,,,.ere not con5iidcrcd of any literary value. It is quite possible that son1e of then1, like the Peach-blossoutSbad 011.v ( or hnage), exist nnly in the single copies of thfa I ~ibrary. For n1any ccntnrics archaeology and painling~ including cal]igraphy, have received earnest 2ttcntion fro1n Chinese schofo.rs1 ,vho have p1·0- dnced nrnny valuable ,vorks on these subjects. All the traditiona] pub- licalrons1 and in addition a rit:h collcct1011of modern tnonographic studies, ~re available in the Chinese-] ap~ncsc T..,ihrary.A special sec- tion in this field consists of ruhhings produced directly f rum decon1- tions and inscriptions on bronze vesse.Is.,from relief sculpture~ 1 and ~ro1n steles. A lorgc 11un1berof thc.~c inscriptions that arc of great historjcal va1uc ,vere larcr reproduced in xylographic vohuncs; there · rcn1ain rnany inscriptions preserved only ln origjnal ruLbings, of ,, 1 hich the Library possesses n1orc than a hundred. For· textual criti- cisu1 t], csc rub b ings re very import an l: for j nstance~ the l. ~~ang tex rs of the Confucian Cla~sit:s carved on stone during rhe J{'ai-cheng- era (83 3-83 7) ~1reinvaluable m~tcria! for comparison v?ith texts of later periods transn1itted jn hook forn1. FurtJ\cr, as san1plcsof c~l]igraphy by f ~l111ous artists and gre~t ,vritcrs these rubbings have furnished rnodds (cr1Hcdt'ieb hy the Chinese) for the practice of this fine art by generations of ~cholars and students in China, Japan,, and T(orca. T ,vo fn1nous co1nprehensivc col lectinns of snch nrt isti c calligraph s, as don c by th c f o rc111ostIi tera ry 1nc n m1d art1sts in Chtna, \Vere as:setnblcd,cnt in facsin1ilcon str lc:s1 and preserved per1nancntly on stone: the fJJ·i~hung-tnng fa tieh coHcctcd hy, and cut on stone linder the direction of, 'l'ung -Ch'.i-ch'ang ( c5 5 5-1636); in rl the Sau-bsi-t'ang f (f t'ieb., compiled ~nd cnt on stone by in1perin] conunand in the Ch' .ien-1 u n g pc rj o d ( 1 7 36-1 79 5J. Both co Hect.ions ~re rcpr~scntcd in the Librnry hy or1ginal rubbings - preserved in 16 n d J 2 lar gc vol un1es rc~pcctivel) ;-. Pl loto] i t:li o graphed f acsin 1ilr r c- pro dn c ti ons of these 'tnodcr ruhbings or t:ieb arc f rc(]ucnt1y seen in Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) • I • • - , • " • ," • • , , • • 1. • ~ ••• .I • I _I • , , I , , I , "o I , • • • • •• I • I I I Harvard Library nu!letin Chinese ~nd Japanese libraries, ·bur original copies arc cxtrcn1cly-rare. No other library in the \~'est has yet reported the possession of the llsi-bung-t'ang fa t'ieh in original rubbings done in 1603 (the }:rear ,vhcn the cutting of the stone \Vas co1nplctcd) or shortly . thcrcaf ter. As a research center the Library has natu:1"ally,vjshed to ~cquire all the needed reference ,vorks published in China not only recently but centuries ago. The fourteenth-century and' 1atcr cncyclopaedjas in . the Library are all in their origin-al editions+ i\1any uf the earlier com~ pilations a.re in Yi.hm and-J\1ing editions. 1'he follo,vjng · fc\V 1nay Le cited as -cxatn ples: The I-wen · lei-cbiJ.,coin piled under in1pcrial auspices by Ou-yang Hsiin (557-641) nnd othe,rs: an cdidon printed so1nctimc bet\veen J 5z 7 and 1587, in 16 voln1ncs. The Ch:u-bsiieh cbi-iconJJljlcd under imperial auspices by Hsii Chien ( 6 5 9-7 2 9) and others: 153 1 edition in 24 vohu11cs. . The _Po-I('ungliu-t'iehJ con1pilcd by Po Chii-i ( 77 2-846) and l('ung ~h'uan: (l\1ing) Chi-a-ch~ingperiod ((;22~1566) cdilion in Bo vol- umes. The Sbib~v.)ucbl-yii1111.'J_ con1pilcd by Kao Ch'cng (fl. ro78-1085): r 4 7 l edition in Io v0Iun1cs~ . The San-T'ang 1./no-so,compiled hy Chang Ju-yil (fl. r 195-1200): I 5 l 8 edition in 64 v0Iun1es~ . ' The l(u-chin yiia-n-liu cbib-Jun~compiled by Liu Chiu~1g( ca~ I 2 37) ,vith ~upplcn,_cntby 1-lu~uigLii-1veng ( ca. 1290): 1 3·07 edition in 20 volnn1cs+ · The S/:Jib-wenlei-chu ban-1110ta-ch)iian, con1piled hy Liu )~ing-li (.fl. 117 4): 1307 edition in 60 volun1es. FinalJy the Library also"has the largest and n1ost uscful Chinese en- cyclopaedia no,v· extant, the I(u~chin iu-shu cbi-chJeng/>cutnpleted in 172 5 in it:s Palace Edition (printe~ from bronze movah_lctype) of the Yung-chcng period ( 172 3-1736). This co1npcndi11111,vns intended to be all-jnclusivel and its 6,109 items, classified nndcr 3 2 sections, fill 5=:020 volumes (ts'e). For evcrydny use the Librnry also has the 1 8 84 reprint. The 1·cscarch sch o Ia r \v j 11:fin !I 'fhe Yung-lo t11-tie11~ cou1p1utcd in r 40Si ·was hrgert but it is no longer extant' e:ii:ccpt for :a fe,.v h11 ndred-o dd vol um cs; sc I'..': bcl ow unJt.::.r 1Rar-c Book~ 'ilnd i\I~ nu- scripts. j Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) . • : • • . : 1• I • • . . The Chinese-] apaneseLihrnry 8 ).. Bibliography of Selected Cbinese Reference H' orks ( revised edition, Cambridge.,A1ass., 1950). 0 ne factor that 111akes the JAh rary an exccptiona l center for sino- logical research is the ouTh1:an wfoss.1 l•I Cl1ar)E:s S. G:t!:""dncr,Cbi11r:sc Tnulitiona.! 1-/istoi-iograp!;y (Csn1bridgc-t i938)1 P· 15, 11. I 7+ 1.1 S~c.note 3 al ,ovc. ]-= P. 76. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I • - . -- • I • r I • II •• • • • • r I I I. • • • I ...,., -....;__ 86 1--Iarvfl rd Lib rrtry nuJI eti n !Vlen tion should f urth c r be·n1a de that the I .1ibr~ry possesscs a corn- l)1 ct~ set ( 1 38 ,v or ks) of the i 111portant TJ71t-J1in g-ti en chii-c he11-pa'll ts)1111g-sbu(Tbe l1npcrial I'nlace J1.ovable Type Reprint Series)~ of ,vhich only five cun1p!ctesets cxi~Lin the ,vorld~ ~fhis series \\.·asissued Juring the years I 774~94 under the auspices of the F.mpcror c:h:icn- lung.13 In recent years the Ch1nese co1lccLionhas been noticeah]y enlarged by an increase in current puhlications: on 1nodcrn and contctnporary China. The I.Jihrnryls files of Chinesr pcriod1cals and nc,vspaper.s arc very extensive. llccent and current pu·blications jn Chinese and Japan- ese books, periodicals, ne ,v spa pcrs - are purchased·by th c I-Iar v nrd College Li_brary.,hut they arc c~talogued by the staff of the Institute Library, and nre kept jn Boylston Hall for th~ use of students in the F,ast Asia Regional Studic~Progran1, as mentioned in an earlier section. \lL STRE1'GTH OF THE ]APANE.SI~ C.0LL:E-CTIO~ In djscussing the Japanese collection one 1nay begin ,vfrh the Japan- ese.editions of c1assjcaJChinese ,vorks. Before the l\1eiji Restoration of 1868, Japanese scho]ars ,vrote their ,vorks dealing ,vith China jn classical Chinesea The Jjbrary· has a good collcc.:tiunof these publica- tions,. including pract ic~tHyall the .in1port~nt ,vorks of Jnpanesc sinolo- gists, ,vho have contributed volu1njnously to thjs field of studies. The Bu 1 ~ Sec llu Shih, 1 Tlu:: Gest Or rental Lll,.rary at "Princ:eton Uni•:crsity/ 1~ri1iceton V nivtr,rit y 1.,-ibnrry C brmii de, X \ 1 { U) S4) , 1 16-- J.O. Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) '1,he Chinese-J apancse Library 87 a years 1902--06. FinalJy, in 1929-3 2, there ,:vas published jn "I'okyo llC\vly collated, revised, ~nd punl:tuatcd edfrioni in 1 oo large volumes~ \-/1ththe title T11ishosbinsbte D11izokyo. In the preparation of this cele- n thir- brated edition,, the editors colb.ted those aforcrncnrioncd \vith pre- teenth-century Tripitahn of ,vhich the original ,voodblocks are served in the Hai-in-sa 1... cniple in J(orea. Several vo1ume.sof this edi- tion deal ,vith iconugra1lhy. Sets of all three editions arc in the Library. An early lluddhist encyclopaedia containing 111any extracts from the Tripitaka,.completed in 668 in I zu fascicles (cbiian), is t~e Fa-yiian cbu-lin (Perffl~Groveof tbe Garden of tbe Law), in Jnpanese Hoa11.- T\u1g monk Tao-shih (Japanese Dosci) ()f mi j11rin,hv ... the Chinese. edition printed at the JC'ai~yUan-ssuTcn1ple in Foocho1v in 1 r 24 the L1brary has a single orig1nal fascicle (No. 48), in 67 f oldcd pages, 11cre of reproduced as Plate I. It also possesses a photolithographic reprint the so-called Chi-sha Tripitaka of 1231 and 132 2 (Sung). The Buddhist collection ,vas greatly strengthened in 1948 by the purchase of the Petzold Buddhist library of about 6~500 vohuncs. Dr Petzold, ,vho lived in Japan and became a Jlracticing Buddhist,. ,va.~ deeply interested in lvlnhayanastudies, cspeciaHy in the doctrines of the Tcndai sect~ He Jllannedto establish a research center for Buddhist is studies, but died before his plans could m.a.tcrializc. His coJlcction and a \VcJl.:.balanccdone,, containing a '-Vealth of iconogra.phic material 868) Jnany i1nportant studies printed in the T oknga,vn period ( I 600-• among ,vhich arc several xylographs of the seventeenth century~ There arc nearly-tv..-'ohundred manuscripts in the Petzold lluddhist collection, including son1c important ones of great antiquity. One, entitled An1idakyoi is in the hand of the court official and calligrapher_ kai Kadrnokoji ( 1z47-1310). Another, the SM,nn.aya De111bokyokn kn11josaho1 dated sbiki1 ,vas clone in l 3 73. A third, the 1376, consists of esoteric teachings transn1itted fron1 generation to gen- eration bet\l'cen bishops and chosen disciples. . The Library also has the 15 5 voh11nes of the l(okuyaku lssaikyo ( 191 ;-40), ,vhich is a Japanese translation of the Chinese Tripitaka ,vith scholarly prefaces to each tcxc All the in1portant Japanese serials and monographs on huddhoiogy 011 Rudd- arc available in the Librnry. It has n111nerousart publications studies on hist rernples and their trcasures 1 and separate monograph1c lluddhist painting and sculpture. N (l.tnrally the l ..ihrary oh ta ins all in1portant \.vorks published hr snch organizations as the Society for Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) - {' I j I I , , 88 H ar·vardLibrary -B11Jletin llnblication of Buddhist Texts= the 130-volurne cornpendiun1 pub- lished by the Bukkyo Taikci Kanscik~i (r9 l 8-30), and the 75-volun1c supplement to the ~Kyotoedition~ of -the ·'J..ripitaka (Dai "/t-..1ibon zok-u. zokyot r905~12.) jil ,vhic_h n.re pub]ished ,vorks by Chinese monks that have bet:n preserved in Japan+ :Finally, the coJlcction of spec in] periorlicr1lspublished by various Buddhist socielics contributes not a little to the research value of this section of the JJibrary. In all, t11e .Japanese collection nun1be.rs nbout 5 l ,ooo Yolun1es 1 tnostly ,vcstern-bonnd. Besides Boddhi.s1n~\-.·hich is Sin~-Jupane.~ein langu~ge, jt js strong in tnan)~ other fidds. In histor ...v then: 3re nunJcr- ous photographic reproductions of old nrnnuscripts fron1 IllOH:tstc.ries, fron1 the coJlections of ~cudal lordsi and fron1 J)dv~tc libraries. Through these exact rcproductionst scho]ars have access to important prjnrnry sources. For example, such Tcproductions of tJ1c _thirteenth- century innnnscript ( o,vncd by the Toji monastery) of the· diary kept hy the monk Enn..in( 793-864), published as Volurne 'lll of the Orien- tal Lihrary"Discussion. Series (Toyo bunko ronsii) ! ena.b]edProf es.~or Ed,vin 0. Reischauer to study this in1porr:antdocun1cnt ,vhi_lc.iu resi~ dcnce at Harvard, -and· so to publish his a~notated translation.H It ,\rould take too niuch SJ)accin an al1:icleof this kind to describe a]l the itnportant books and series on the Library~sshelves~ but n1ention shotlld Le made of co111p1ctcset~ of the Ancient Docu11HJnts ·orJa/1an (Dai }lihon J~o1nonjo)and of / apanese Historical A1aterials (Dai Niho11 s-biryo). The latter, published in 1901, contains nurncrous facsinule reproductions and other :in1portant publications of the I-Jis- toricai Institute of Tokyo University. The T11bra.ry's fi]cs of historical periodical8 contain co1~1p1etcr111is of die journals of practically aJ1 the leading hjsto rica 1 associations, as., for· exam p1c, _the 1-Jist. o ri en.I J our~ na/. (Sbigak-uz.asshi)' of ,vhich \l ohune I appeared in I 8 89. The linguistics sccrion of the J ..ibrary has all the i1nportant pu blica- rions of the Minisuy _c)f E,ducatio1i's Office of Japanes:c l ..auguage Rcse.arch; jncluding the dialect maps prepared by tha~ office. The books in ihi.sse.crion cov~r not only studies of the Japanese langnagc arid its di~lectsl but also Ainu, J{orcan, and ancient Chinese. Herc again the research scholar js helped by a good collection of linguistic journals.. _ The sectio·n on Japanese lhcrature js rich in 1nulli-vulumc series 1 1 • E1mhis Diary: ··rr-icRecord of ll l ilgrh11rige to China i1! Sem-eb of the L.1.-~ (N ·~{or k, 195 S) . Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) ., . ·' . "d'- ,rl ...... ..... Ct':! -...:, 'I{) -:.l .,J I- "="'" 11,-1 s -~...,•- -....,C '-:.. c::; ?---. I ...... H 0 '!+ ...... u 0 l,l'J..- I Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. 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J ...... ,~ , -; I >·,(::!-::-,.' -~ . ;:L· , · , • .., ,; i .,.- TIIE...... ·r r·~. ! :,.._J'..::;:t I :iff~t'.A_:~ . . i'j . !~ ,-r, • : ~:i,;.·~; , ·t,? --:::--·--.· ·r.·• . • ·.I; ;r l "i•!r~!li~'.'i~]•!.7J:r.=: 11 l-.1rr:' .....~ ~·j~·ci·;~):!·· ; . . .,.,-.,...... _:.,·.,: , l'.;:J!-:..";ii;;:--~-=:-:r. ·J\~;.- · ,~: . .... • • I ·· ·. ·· - · · · .. · ·. . · .. · . ; I . . . . · 1o:-t.nn.TG • - ::-- "). • H ..... -,C.. rROJ'.\'r ¥ •--'1 ..,, :.-i'-T: .v At • ' , I I : ' •. · •. 1· o · -,·~vi. . . · DNG Ai'\ L - .... 1.1:...... - II CH~ .cllihrn-J/Ju, HANr-;c:Hovir~ PL.1.TE PEROR IN Ssu-k~u E:,,.·f n,y TH.£ ... : r i Tiffi • I.HRA OF L I t • OF (! o ... . i, , :,•1 ill · . : ; - · . (t' . : . ). :'! • • 1..: . j' I• · ...... : . ~I ,'!. I . ~ i : , . 1,~ I I I I I : ' I I' • I• : : : : : : : l ·: • .:· . ' •, • ... •J.~.". ··-·· . 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JH.t· '.'.:~ ." .. -·~-·-....:,.....,:.--l • • •- · . · . ,- · : - . :-. . • .. · • '-" .- ··- . . • • • • ' • , -- : •;; · -·-. · · .· ...... "-"-.'- · . . • · · · .;.-:, _. _ , ... _.· . - •.-:• ...... - ·, . -~---· ~ · ~u....:-..&...1.....1,,M.....1."1... _.-_r~_...._..-_, ,·.- - · · ;:::~·.~"'·~t-t:::.;-:.= • . . . ;....~:.•.":, ... • - ...... ·- . ·.r.·: --~ . ·-~.~~.~:~~~·-. -~-· -:, :- . : · . :· .- ...... ------· •- - ··"--,,- :··>-- -. , . . · . . . -·. --:. :_ .: · • •• -- - ·. •--• .,.,..:,. • . ·- :;,::..... · . .. . · · . . . . • ·- •. • _,...._....._. •·.:"-::·'.· . · . · ... • - • •, • •• • ••• ;.:....~--· ; ~~:-· ·'. ._ -·- ~:.:::~li~: • ,· ' _ · /·.:::.:·<:· -:- ~ . -- . ··--.-:•-_- .. -.:-: .. ~ ··· _. --.-• • • :-- •-• -•-• -. --•-. --. --•-.-. -•-• •-• <11LiCK ·: . ~·~.-.~·-.-~-~~ .. ... : , :·. . . • .. • :• , •• ·.·: ...... ~·-- !~ :..:.._:...... :....:.::..:_:..:..•.!:....:.~1, ~-~ ',·. · · · · ." -: - -;- - · . -· : ... - ·~ ~-~-T :• :? • - I · - · · . · . .- . "'. :" . . . -- ...... :.--:-~- :· ' · . -: • • . ·-- ;• ·~-.-·• r · · ____ .;..- · ___._.. . ." ;;'.,-:_-;,:,t;_.:;,;.,.•.~t:-....; · .-·-·>:· -." •- . ·· . --:-W:""":"= - . --:-W:""":"= ~.;._:_. ------·-· . . ·-·· • . =•~ ------·~ • .- . ··•.--.;~_;_,:, .. • : ~-.~·.-:~·: .. • • •. -·---~-~~.--:_- . • . :· · ...... · . · --: . · . · ----:-~• .. ' ...... - . -: . - · . . :.=::_ . : .- _ ::-.>1 - :,:- - ,~s. '' -• :_ :-YiJ:/ ~ · · - ...... · : . · ·· ·- ·•. _,,._ .~ . _. . -- - · . • .... :- . . . . . : ·- . .- ...... • . · . ~:._.·.: . . . -·- . . • · ·: • .,.;;;: , :...:_ ~::·. . ··.•· ••• ··.•· hJ .. • - . . ·,--:·: . ••._. · :- . - •-- <,· · .-:-.- : • • • ••• -· · . , .. , .. . ·• • - . - • • · . . -· . . - . . · · . • •. • • - • .... -· .. . : :-: ; ' > _. .- ·· ...... ··,-.: ... • ...: : _.._..._._ . .: .-.-. . . •-~•-----•-'---=•'•: ...... ··. -.·-~;: .. •--·~·~ :: - ~.: ••• . · , . , . · · ----- · z,. ,.~ ~--J ,~.:.-·,·:· · · ... · · ... --- ' • --···- ... _. . _ -·-·r-·--·- . · . • · ·~---·~-~··-~··~ ~- . .-.. -· . --- ··------·---·- ·•-.:----::· : . ··.--'.:-:= ., r:. t: t - ~. 1 ···~-·· 1 z: r· ~·-·.:~ I I -· . . . ·-. . . • •. - • ~-- t. . ---- .- - . . ~>: . . + . , • , · ' . . . . ·1 . . , . .. . ·.· :~.· • · 1 · 1 · : :.··------·------ Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) • ; . I .- .. - .. .. -- I ·-:: : t- · .• ;ii. • • • .- • : • •. L .. I . - ,I The Cbine1JlJiTpanese· ttb-rary of prose and poetry Sllch as the Dai 1'-lihon buuko, the I(okusho l{an- kokai cditionsi the ,vell-kno\vn ·100 volun1es of the Teikoku bunl~o covering the entire pre-Restoration (i+ c~, hefore 1868) period, the 121 volumes of the Y1,bfida bunko, and so ( orth. All j1nportanr com- mentaries on Japanese literary ,vorks are available in tlte J Jihrary·. Herc a 6,au1,the sccci on of periodicals d ca1 in g ,v·ith Iiterary er iticisrn and art ic I cs on Htern ry ,vor ks contains all th c 1 cadin g journals in this .field. Dl)ring the last forty years Japanese scho]p.rs have pursued the study of their ethnology and folklore very intensively, and have publishe~ a large nun1ber o"fi1npott.tnt hooks and articles. 1"'hcJ .... ibrary has not only such extensive ,vorl,s ns the 10-volun1c Cor;npcndirnn of + Illustra ti ons of Japnn cse Atann er s fi!l d Cin:to1ns (l\ 7ibon f ilzoku zue) and the 1 2-volu1ne Lectures on the I-listory of Jap11nese Cu5to1ns and A1an11er s( '1\ 7i hon f uzokus bi k oz.a),but also all the leading n1on ographic stud1cs an~ the tnnny journals publ~shcd by associations of scholars in this £.eld of studies. The Library possesses n1ost _of the volurnes on archaeological ex- ca_v~.ltjonsin Japan pu b]ished uy-the A1inistry of Education and by Japanese nntional universities and research institutes, and nearly all · the p1~blicationsof the Governrncnt~General of Korea on archaeologi- cal activities in the pcnin~~1a durjn~r the thirty-five years of Japanese occupation .. Many other in1portant n1onographic studies on Japanese and Korean archaeology, ~s ,veli as journals dcvolcd to these subjects, are available in th c J.jhrary. . '"fhc I~-ibrary has a goodly nmnbcr. of folio!:idealing ,vith Japan's fine arts~ but this section is by no n1e~ns co1nprehensive. 1"hi~ js be- cause there has been no attempt on the part of the I-Jarvard-\'.-enching Institute to duplicate the costly . art pubJications and co]or reproduc- tions ,vh1ch are available jn the Fogg 1'Vlnseun1at Harvard and the 1vluscun1of Fine Arts in Boston. To do so n1crcly for the sake of c:on1plctcnc.ss"\\ 7frhjq. the Library ,vould be impractjcal and needlessly expensive. T-Jo-\vever,the l..iibrary docs have a very co111prchcnsive co1Iectionof m·onographic studies an Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) •• 'I • • • • • •• • •• •• I• • ••• L • .. .. I : • II . ·- - • • • I • •• • - • • • • - . ~-. / . • I I I"• I l o • • • • r • • "I • I Harvard Library' Bu!Jetin yrrl~ukamln,n taisei (Chinese (~las-sics•uJith Japanese Translation.}), anrl four oth crs of the same ~fh C n tnnero us Ja pancsc 'f csrschrifts' dedicated to leading .5inologJsts( on tl1e occasion of thc:ir sixtieth birth- days) contain i1nportant articles. · \ 111+l'dA~cHu, i\10N"c.;01~1A~, AND 1..,rnETAN llooKs ··r~1elVfanchu collection cornpr.iscs r ,061 block-printed. volun1es. Sorne qeal \vith history and gov·ern111cnt,\.Vhilc nrnny are translations into j\.-1a11c]1uof the c:onfucian Classics nnd other c:hincsc ,vorks. 1\.n1ong original 1\1anchu ,vorks an i1nportant one records the ]~\VS and regulations relating to the Eight llanncrs, as co1npilcd by Ortai ( 1677-174 5).. In this section too is the rare Palace Edition ( 1708) of the Polyglot Dictionary 1 in four languages: 1\1:inchu, Chinese., ivlon- gol, and Tihetan+ For con1parative studies the I...ibrary ~1lsoha!; a photolithogn1phic reprint (fi·om the n1an11script) of the same dic- tionary in \vhich, to the four above n1entioned languages, Turkish \Vas addcda This rcp.rint \vas published by the Oriental l..1ibraryin Tokyo 111194 3 · The l\·1ongolian collection ·is -sn1all,since it is practically i1npossibk to purchase o]d J\tiongolinn texts+ In all the Library possesses 349 vol- uincs, rnost of the111xylographs of i\1longo]ian-Chinese ( or Chinese- 1\·iongolian) glossaries or tr8nslations of the Chinese Classics. The really outstanding itctn is the Peking-printed red copy of the Mon~ golian l(nnjur ( 1724). It consjsts of 108 large oblong ton1es. For con1parativc study of Buddhisrn the LiLrary purchased some years ugo three rare Tibetan versio11s of the T-ripitak11~the Nartl1ang edition (173 2) of both the Knnjur and the 'Fanjur, the Peking red edition ( 1700) of the. l(anjur, and the Llrn~m.e VI [I. l(.oREAN COLLECTION In _194$ ~he Library began to build up a Korean collection. It is still a modest one of 1,4 I 6 volun1es1 but it contains son1c notc\vorthy itcn1s. One js the beautiful spcci111cnof l(orcan baugi"ilcalligraphy by Queen Sun-\von ( 1778-r 854) ,vhose Story of Our DynastJ (l(ukt-ho kosrr) is a holographic rnanuscript of great value. ~t:cently the coll cc- Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) I'be Chinese-]apancse T .. ibrnry tion ,vas enriched by the generous gift of many n1an11scripts and speci- mens of c(1rly l{orcnn printing from ,voodhlocks and frorn n1ovablc type -so1ne of the latter antedating the Gutenberg Bible -by Pro- fessor Y. G. 1\1inn (Alinn Young-gyu) r An1ong these is a leaf from th c S e·-uent e e·n Histories ( S bib~c b i s bih t suan-y ao) pri n tc \\·ell ~s spelling, prjntcd about 1567-7 3+ The col)cctjon also i:nc1ude6- rcccnt reprints executed fro1n old ,voodblocks~of ,:vhich son1c are Buddhist texts carved in 1098. IX. ]{ARE BooKs A Nn j\1ANUSCR1PTS Even a cursory nccount of the Chinese-Japanese I_jihrarycannot be cl used ,vithou t sou1e 1ncntion of t l1c cspc~iall y rare vol uincs and Inan u- scr ipts preserved in the rare books roon1 in Boylston Hall. Ir ,vas not the poJicy of the 'I'rustccs of the Harvard-1 7 enching Institute to buy up the libraries of in1portnnt scholars in China or to accutnulclte rari~ tics as such; especially jn vie\v of the fact that each rnre volun1e bought \VJth do]lJrs and taken out of China tended to create an1fJ11g Chinese scholars and 1ntc11jgcntsiaan unpleasant feeling· of being looted of their national cultural treasures+ ~'lorcovcr, the ::tin1,vas to create a valt1ablcresearch library v.there, if possib]c, rare texts ,vo~ld be repre- sented by photolithogra phic editions or tnicrofilms. N everthelcss, in some cases rare books or n1anuseripts have been acquired either as gifts, or hecaus~ of their in1portancc to Tesearch. As a result, there arc no;.:v nine Sung block editions, t\vcnty-t\vo ·~{iianeditions, over one thousand l\1.ing editions, and tnorc than five hundred ,vorks printed during the reigns of the first four lvlanchu Clnpcrors ( 1644-1796). To these rare printed editions arc added about six hund{cd n1anu- scr ipts of vario ns pcri ods~ beginning with the th irtccntl 1 ccn tury. S0111eoutstand1ng Sung and Yiian editions hnvc been pointed out in previous sections+ T,vo oth~r Sung editions shou]d receive spccjal notice. The earliest printed book in any· repository at I1nrvard is a Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) .92 Harvard Library Bulletin Bu dtlhist teA"tit printed in th~ year 9 75 by order of Ch,ien Chu (kno,vn also as Hung-chu), King of v\Tu-yiich, a kingdon1 corresponding to the present Chekiang province, and ah~orbcd by the Sung empire in 977 . .A ..nother fine exan1ple of Sung printing is the original edition~ pr.inted in 1 r94, of Yiian-yen chi~ a co]lection of 254 biographies of Sung dynasty 111inistcrs con1pi l c d by Tu T a-kuci ( ac tivc under En1pcror Kuang-tsung, \v ho reigned 1 1 90- 1 194) . Con1plcte sets of a.11r o 7 vo n 111cs arc di ffi cu 1t of -access even in China~ the set in the Na ti( )11al Library tit Pckjng containing only 37~ The J..,ihral.'yof the Harvard- Yench~ng Institute has the only co1nplete set in An1crica or Europ·c. An1on g Y ii au editions~ severfll deserve m enti 011 besides those cited in the para gra.p h s on b cI 1 cs-I ettres and encyclopaedias. First~ in po int of age, js the 1261 cditjon in 3 2 volun1es of the fan1ous Ifistorical l<..ecords(Shib-cbi) of Ssu~ma Ch'ien ( 145-86 n.c.). Next is the , 299 edition in , o volumes of the J(' ao-ku t~tJ) an illustrated t.:atalogue of bronzes, ccnnnics, and jades cotnpilcd by J... ii Ta-Iin in 1092 .. This ,vas th c first systematic cata lo gu e of arch~ eo log j c~l obj cc ts con1pi led by a Chinese scho]ar .. Another flnc ··vu.anedition is an abridged ver~ sion in 24 volun1es of Ssu-tna l{unng's ( 1019-1·086) fan1ous 11\1.irror of Hi.story/ entitled Tz1i-chib t'ung~cbicn c/Jieh-yrmand edited by Chiang Ch_ih ( ca. r r r 4). ·Finally there is a 1366 blockprint of the T)tt-bui pao-cbicnt guide to painting by Hsia "'\1/en~yen{fourteenth century). Fron1 the lVling and Ch).ingperi~ds., the Library·:s ·n1rcst possessions ru·cnu1n user ipt vol 1uncs fron1 the nvo largest and n1ost cclebrated co n1- pilations ever undcrr-c1kcnin China. ~either of these projecti:. ever reached the pri.t1tingstagei but achieved rather the status of va.~t111anu- script Iibrari cs. · The first ,v~s the· Yung-lo ta-tien (E,mperor Yung~lo-is·Encyclo- .pacdia)"t con1pleted h1 1408 b)r a staff of 2,000 scholars. It originally consisted of 22,21 1 books ( chuan) in r 1 109 5 vo1111ncsof f o]io sizeL .A;S fflr 3S is kno\vn.,·only about 300 of these volun1csarc -CXU3.11ttodny~ of . \vhich the Chinese-Ja ixtnesc Library possessest\vo .. The other fan1011s111anuscript library is the Ssu-k'u ch'iian-shu (Tbe Coniplete lJ'riti:ngs in the Four Treasuries-in other \vords i~ all J: 1-cl/i{.-.JJ'1}1t-!ai hsln pi-1ni cbifo.n-sbtn she-Ji p110-cf:.'ieb'Jin. t'o-loLni ching (a Chinese transl:i tio n of th~ Sa-r-JCitathagaladbi~!ha1111.~hf day a-gu by a~dhj1t u-kj1r{rnd mnu~ dra-dhaT a1]i~siitra) + Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) The Chinese-JapaneseJ_Jbrary 93 four traditjonal categories of Chinese literature! classics, history, philos- ophy,_nnd bclles-Iettres). This ambitious project \Vas ordered by the Ch' ing en1pero r Ch.,i en-I un g1 , v·ho \Vish c d d cfiniti ve copies rn ade of a11 Chin csc 1vorks h c and his adviscrs dccn1e Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956) Notes 149 STORY V]EW OF and a inc tnber of the Corporation ~nd HAR\TARD. uf the Ilo~rd of Overseers. painted the picture at the age of fifteen sho.rtly ~nd nr..Oepartnlent of Printing after he f1ad entered the class of 1798. Graphic Arts of th~ CoJlege 1~he origin al now· hangs in the Pres;" T ::is the scv~ LilJrnrv hns issued, ·dcnes officc j n l\.1assach u set.I~. Hall. cnth publication in its. series Historic The re production, executed in col- Jl"ie-ws,a re- H nr-1,.11dtmd Cambridge ]otyp E by the i\1.crirlen Gravure Con1- production of~-~ N.W. \Tfo\v of Hol- pAny and hand colon: dj meP.:snr~'i 9 ½ lis., 1-IanTar List ofContribt1tors I ... of Emily Dickinson (in THmoon;. ,:vARDi l1ssocbte Editor of Tbe J etters preparation) GERTRUDF. R1cHAF:ns~Richmondj \ 1irginia lhe SER(~£ EI.HiSF,1-:1-·•·'!Professor of Far E-a.stcrn Languages and Director of I-Iar vard- 'ren ching I n_~titutc, 1-1r1 rd C ni \'Crs ,ty snd F.co- DOROTHEA D. Rv.F.v.Es,A~si::itant Curator, Kn.'.. ss L1hra1y of Business non1ics, Grndu-nte School of Business AdrniniHration, Han":ard University J{ F..Yl~S D. l\·IF.1.1..;ALF~Lihrarfan of I-Ian-ard College, Enicritus ~1r:.nn1rr E. LA"\YJ,IS~ .A_ssistantPiof cs:.sorof EngUslll Indiana Unh.~ersity Pcnnsyl- EARL~ E. C.oLE,\-fAK, Cnt:1loguer,Longwood Lihnuy~ l{erinett Square~ 'Tan1a Ku,1P..AL1. C. ELKii'-;S) Senior Assist-ant in rhe Harvard lJnivorsity Archives Harvard University - Houghton Library / Harvard University. Harvard Library bulletin. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Library. Volume X, Number 1 (Winter 1956)