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Home , Flufenamic acid, Hyperforin

183

Index acetylcholine (ACh) 24, 54 bioavailability 59, 65, 68, 69, 100, acetylcholine 24 101, 103, 105, 108, 111–113, acid 13 117 ACTH 163, 164, 169–171 receptor 25 active principle in extracts 59, 65, brain concentration of 92 69 brandy 2 36, 37 172, 175 adrenergic receptor 24 adverse drug reaction (ADR) 146, γ-cadinene 14 147 δ-cadinene 14 adverse event (AE) 145, 146 α-cadinol 14 AIDS patient 150 13 intake reducing effect 86 cancer chemotherapy 154, 156 aldosterone 163 154, 155 alkanes 15 carotenoids 15 amentoflavone 12, 16 β-caryophyllene 14 154, 156 caryophyllene oxide 14 amyloid-processing 94 12, 37 anaesthetics 151 central cholinergic activity 63 neurotransmission 91 angiotensin-1 receptor 25 central nervous system (CNS) 111 anticoagulant 148, 156 channel, ionic 50 drugs 47 chemical antidepressant 3 antiviral action 7 chlorogenic acid 13 anxiety 85, 86, 134, 136, 141 chloroquine 150 appetitive behaviour 61, 63 cholecystokinin-A receptor 25 ar-curcumene 14 cholinergic neurotransmission 91 armentoflavone 37 Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) 60 atypical depression (AD) spectrum chronic stress 63 140 cis-calamenene 14 avoidance response 60 34, 38, 175 citric acid 17 behavioural model 59, 63 climacteric symptoms 139 receptors 24, 26 Clinical Global Impression (CGI) biapigenin 37 136, 138 I 3',II 8-biapigenin (amentoflavone) 34, 164 12, 16 cognition 85 biflavones 77 cognitive effect 90 184 Index co- 150–154, 156 (DA) 32, 52, 162, 167, Commission E 2 169, 172, 174 comorbid affective conditions 94 dopamine receptor 24, 25 contraceptives 148, 151, 153, 154, dothiepin 150 156 β-downregulation 35 ”core-symptoms” of depression 133 163, 166–169, 171 ED model 62 corticosterone-releasing hormone endothelin-A receptor 25 (CRH) mRNA 168, 169 epicatechin 12 corticotrophin (ACTH) 163, 164, erythematobullos dermatosis 150 169–171 Escape Deficit (ED) 60, 62, 63, 66– corticotrophin-releasing factor 68 (CRF) 25, 163 essential oils of H. perforatum 7, cortisol (COR) 163–172, 176 13, 15 coumaric acid 13 153 coumarin 156 coumarin derivatives 152 farnesene 14 CRF-1 receptor 25 (E)-β-farnesene 14 Cushing’s disease 140 fatigue syndrome 140, 141 cyclosporin 147, 152, 156 ferulic acid 13 cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 155, 156 fibromyalgia 140 cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase 11, 17, 36, 108, 111–115 system 155 flavonol glycoside 77 cytokine metabolism 26 41 38, 140 DA D1 receptor antagonist 63 Forced Swim Test (FST) 60, 62, 65, DA D2 receptor antagonist 63 67, 68 Daniel, K. 2 17 decanal 13 fuvoxamine 38 delta-amino-laevulinic acid 148, 150 GABA 24, 32, 55 depression, models of 59, 60, 67– GABA-A receptor 24 69 Gadolinium 41 (DMI) 34, 38, 164, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) 177, 178 141 desogestrel 153 13 Diascorides 1 German Federal Health agency 2 164 glucocorticoid receptor 25 digoxin 154, 156 glucocorticosteroid (GC) 163 dihydroquercetin 11 17 dissolution of herbal medicinal glutamate 24, 32, 55 products 112–118 24 dodecanol 14 growth hormone (GH) 53, 161, 164, DOI (2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl- 176 2-aminopropane) 167–169, 172 growth hormone releasing factor Index 185

(GHRF) 161 73, 99, 100, 104–106, 111, 113, growth hormone releasing hormone 117, 139, 140, 141, 148–150, 162, (GHRH) 176 163, 166, 169, 173–175, 177 GTPase activity 42 , affinity for receptors 24, 25 164, 169, 174, 175 hypericin, plasma and brain levels Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA- 23 SOM) 136, 138 hypericin/pseudohypericin 37 Hamilton-Anxiety-Rating-Scale hypericism 7, 147, 148 (HAMA) 136–138 , oil 7, 13, 15 Hamilton-Depression-Scale, 17 Hypericum crispum 5 items (HAMD) 133, 134, 137 Hypericum hirsutum 5 3H-CGP 12177 binding 36 3H-citalopram binding 38 angustifolium 14, 66 headache 135 Hypericumrot 6 β-himachalene 14 hyperoside 11, 16, 37 hippocampus 51 hypertension 151 histamine receptor 24 hypomania 151 HIV-protease inhibitors 152, 153 hyporeactivity 62 HIV-triple therapy 153 hypotension 151 hormones, endocrinology 161–163 hypothalamus 51 Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale 140 34, 151, 162, 163, 169, 3H- binding 38 175,177 5-HT1A receptor antagonist 63 immobility 60, 62, 63, 68 human growth hormone (HGH) 165 164 151 152, 153 hydroxyfurohyperforin 10 intracellular sodium concentration + hyperforat 149 [Na ]i 39 hyperforin 2, 8, 15, 16, 34–38, 47, irinotecan 154, 156 59, 65, 66, 69, 73, 85, 91, 92, 99– isoferulic acid 13 103, 105, 111, 113–115, 117, 118, isoquercitrin 11, 16, 37 163, 166, 169, 170, 172, 173, 175, 176 Jarsin 145–147, 150, 154, 164, 165, hyperforin, affinity for 169, 170, 172, 173, 176, 177 neurotransmitter receptors 24, 25 hyperforin, brain concentration 92 kaempferol 11, 37 hyperforin, mechanism of action 56 151 hyperforin, plasma and brain levels Kerner, J. 2 23 ketanserin 166, 167 hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium Kira® 139 68 hyperforin trimethoxybenzoate 67 lactose 17 Hyperherba® 90 laevulinic acid 148, 150 hypericin 15, 16, 23–25, 35, 37, 69, lamivudine 153 186 Index

Lanthan 41 multidrug resistance-gene 1 (MDR-1) lauric acid 15 155 LC/ESI-MS/MS 17 multi-drug transporter glycoprotein LC/TSP-MS 9 (Pgp) 155, 156, 168, 171 Learned Helplessness model (LH) multiple dose treatment 151 60, 62, 65 muscle pain 135 L-Glutamate 32 mycophenolate mofetil 152 LI 160 135, 136, 138, 140, 148 mycophenolic acid 152 LI 160 extract 164–169, 171, 172, mycrene caryophyllene 13 174, 175, 177, 178 myricetin 11, 37 limonene 13 locomotor activity 63, 65, 68 Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 40, 41 LOE 908 41 Na+/Cl-dependent transporter 39 long chain fatty alcohol 15 Na+/H+ exchanger 40 luteinising hormone (LH) 177 Na+-K+ ATPase 40 11 n-alkanes 15 naphthodianthrone 5, 17 mad spirits 1 nerolidol 14 malic acid 17 neurochemical techniques 55 mania 151 neurokinin receptor 25 MAO inhibition 31, 47 neuropeptide-Y receptor 24 melancholia 2 Neuroplant® 91, 94 melatonin 169, 176, 178 153 membrane fluidity 42 withdrawal, efficacy against menopausal symptoms 139 93 164 n-nonan 13 methyldecane 13 nocebo-effect 153 2-methyldodecane 14 163, 164 2-methyloctane 13 nonacosane 15 microdialysis 49, 51 non-selective cation channel mineralocorticoid (MC) 163 (NSCCs) 40, 41 minimal erythema dose (MED) 148, noradrenaline (NA) 162, 164, 167, 149 169, 172, 176, 177 minimal tanning dose (MTD) 148, 32 149 norethinodron 153 175 notriptyline 154 mirtazepine 164 nucleus accumbens 51, 53 164 n-undecan 13 monensin 39 monoamine 24, 31, 38, 47 obsessive-compulsive disorder monoamine oxidase inhibitor (OCD) 141 (MAOI) 31, 47 octanal 13 monoamine transporter 24, 38 oestradiol 153 motivation 62 oligomeric procyanidin fraction 36 motivation, lack of 60 receptor 24 Index 187

OTC drugs 3 rodents, reduction of alcohol intake oxaprotiline 164 93 oxytocin 171 route of administration 65 rutin 11, 16, 37, 73 palmitic acid 15 Paracelsus 1 Sala, Angelo 1 paroxetine 38, 151 seasonal affective disorder (SAD) p-coumaric acid 13 141 P-glycoprotein (P-gp) 155, 156, selective noradrenaline reuptake 168, 171 inhibitor (SNRI) 175 phantasmata 1 selective pharmacokinetic interactions 126, (SSRI) 141, 148, 171, 175 151–156 serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5- pharmacovigilance, case reports 146 HT) 24, 32, 49, 150, 156, 161 –148 serotonin receptor 24 phenprocoumon 147, 152, 156 serotonin syndrome 150, 156 8, 17 sertaline 38 photosensitisation 7, 147, 148, 150, sigma receptor 24, 26 156 155 phototoxicity 148–150 SK&F 96365 41 α-pinene 13 skin sensitivity 149 β-pinene 13 sodium ionophore monensin 39 plasma levels 101, 104, 105, 111 somatic anxiety 136, 137 Pliny the Elder 1 somatoform disorder 135–141 polyphenol 36 somatostatin 176 pravastatin 155 spathulenol 14 premenstrual syndrome 138, 139 stavudine 153 proanthocyanidin 12 striatum 53 153 17, 60 prolactin (PRL) 164, 172 sucrose preference 60 prolactin inhibiting factor (PIF) 172 6-sulphatoxymelatonin 176, 177 prolactin 53, 161, 165, 167, 168, sulpiride 164 172–176 synaptosomal uptake 32 protonophore FCCP 43 synthetic antidepressant 3 protohypericin 6 protopseudohypericin 6 152, 156 pseudohypericin 6, 16, 37 Tail Suspension Test (TST) 60, 62, 63 quercetin-3-O-galactoside 11 tannin 17 quercitrin 11, 16, 37 techniques, neurochemical in vivo 55 164, 175 α-terpineol 13 receptor antagonist 63 177 receptor binding, 21 tetradecanol 14 β receptor density 36 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone 12 188 Index theophylline 155 thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 178 total ash in H. perforatum extracts 17 total protein in H. perforatum extracts 17 transplant rejections 152 antidepressant 2 TRP channel 41 unavoidable stress 60, 62, 68 undecan 13 151 -sugar sustained Appetitive Behaviour (VAB) 61, 62 vasopressin receptors 25 164 vesicular membrane 43 vesicular uptake 43 virostatic drugs 156 voltage-dependent 40 warfarin 152 WAY-100635 166, 167 WS 5570 133, 172, 173, 176 WS 5572 100, 125, 133 xanthone 12 xenobiotics 155

Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) 141