DOCSLIB.ORG

St.John's Wort (Hypericum Perforatum)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
St.John's Wort (Hypericum Perforatum) PSYCHIATRY | CASE REPORT ST.JOHN’S WORT (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM) - INDUCED PSYCHOTIC EPISODE: CASE REPORT Can Sait Sevindik∗,1 ∗Edremit State Hospital Psychiatry Clinic Balıkesir/TURKEY, ORCID Id 0000-0003-0898-502X. ABSTRACT Introduction: It is known that St John’s wort is widely used for treating depression symptoms. This report is a presentation of the case induced by this herbal drug. Case report: A 29-year-old male who had a psychotic episode induced by St.John’s wort (Hypericum Perforatum). In this case, the patient did not get diagnosed with a mental disorder before but had a positive family history including psychotic depression. Conclusion: It should be noted that there is several potential safety risks with St John’s wort. KEYWORDS St John’s wort, psychosis, herbal medicine, adverse effect There have been studies comparing St.John’s wort to a placebo that is found that St John’s wort can significantly re- duce Hamilton Depression Index (HAM-D) scores as compared Introduction to placebo [12,13] and studies comparing it to antidepressants St John’s wort is a perennial herb that grows wildly. During the like fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine or sertraline. [14,15,16] In Middle Ages, St john’s wort had popularity, and in the 1800s, most of these studies, it is proved as effective as the drug. it had a use in treating nervous disorders. Today it is widely In the study that looks its side effects mild stomach discom- used for depression in Germany, other parts of Europa and the fort, allergic reactions, tiredness, and restlessness are found. [17] United States. And besides depression, it is used for conditions It might raise serotonin if it is combined with SSRI. [18] Triptan like anxiety, insomnia [1], attention deficit disorder [2], seasonal family drugs and tramadol interact similarly with St.john’s wort. affective disorder [3], social phobia [4], menopausal symptoms [19] St John’s wort can induce psychosis. [20] [5] and premenstrual syndrome [6] that antidepressants are pre- scribed. Also, it has used for diabetic neuropathy and atopic Case Report: dermatitis. [7] A 29-year old male was admitted to our psychiatric unit due to St.John’s wort is thought to raise levels of neurotransmitters his psychotic symptoms. He was single, living with his family like serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. [8] and working as private security. When he was working night Also, there are affect on the functioning of GABA, glutamate period his sleeping difficulty started. After loss of interest in and NMDA receptors. [9] The active ingredient of St.John’s daily activities, decrease social activities, loss of appetite and Wort is not well known. It contains hypericin (which have anti- loss his ability to feel joy in life began; he started using St Johns inflammatory properties) and hyperforin among other ingredi- wort tea when he found some information on the internet. His ents. There are studies that mainly hyperforin raises the levels of sleep problem and motivation in life got better. However, after neurotransmitters. [10] However, trials are using low hyperforin one month of usage delusions of reference -his first symptom of form that found it effective. [11] More research is necessary to psychosis occurred. His family reported suspiciousness, trou- understand how it works for depression. ble sleeping, drop in job performance and hostility towards the family. He did not get diagnosed with a mental disorder before Copyright © 2020 by the Bulgarian Association of Young Surgeons DOI:10.5455/IJMRCR.St-John-wort-Hypericum-Perforatum but had a positive family history of psychotic depression. After First Received: February 04, 2020 examinations, St.John’s wort was stopped and escitalopram 10 Accepted: February 13, 2020 mg/day and quetiapine 25 mg/day was started. However, after Manuscript Associate Editor: Ivan Inkov (BG) 15 days, he was brought again because of unchanging symptoms. 1Can Sait Sevindik, M.D.: Edremit State Hospital Psychiatry Clinic Balıkesir/Turkey, His family reported irregular usage of drugs prescribed. So he Phone: +90(0266) 3731313, e-mail: [email protected] was hospitalized and after haloperidol 10 mg/IM and biperiden Can Sait Sevindik / International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports (2020) 4(4):114-115 5 mg /IM for three days usage, it was changed to risperidone 8. Muller WE, Rossol R. Effects of hypericum extract on the ex- 2 mg/day and olanzapine 10 mg/day. The patient was dis- pression of serotonin receptors. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. charged after the acute episode disappearance with risperidone 1994;7(suppl 1): S63-S64. 1 mg/day and olanzapine 5 mg/day prescription. The 3-month follow-up of the patient revealed no psychotic symptoms. 9. Butterweck V. Mechanism of action of St John’s wort in depression: what is known? CNS Drugs. 2003;17:539-62. Discussion 10. Ghattacharya SK, Chakrabareti A, Chatterjee SS. Ac- Our belief about the acute psychotic episode of the patient we tivity profiles of two hyperforin-containing hypericum presented is induced with St.john’s wort. He was not diagnosed extracts in behavioural models. Pharmacopsychiatry. with mental disorders and was not prescribed psychiatric drugs 1998;31(suppl):22-29. before. He has a known genetic predisposition. Similar case 11. Schrader E. Equivalence of St John’s wort extract (Ze reports are defined in the literature. (20,21) Induced episode 117) and fluoxetine: a randomized, controlled study in symptoms did not change even if the patient stopped using St mild-moderate depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. Johns wort because of the irregular usage of prescribed drugs. 2000;15:61-68. With effective treatment, no psychiatric symptom was revealed. 12. Uebelhack R, Gruenwald J, Graubaum HJ, Busch R. Efficacy Conclusion and tolerability of Hypericum extract STW 3-VI in patients with moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized, St.John’s wort induced psychosis is known as a rare side-effect. placebo-controlled clinical trial. Adv Ther. 2004;21:265-75. The increasing use of herbal products emphasises the impor- tance of screening the patient’s herbal product intake while 13. Kasper S, Anghelescu I, Szegedi A, Dienel A, Kieser M. Su- treatment and follow-up. Side effects and drug interactions of perior efficacy of St Johns wort extract WS® 5570 compared herbal products stand out as an area of interest for clinicians. to placebo in patients with major depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial. BMC Conflict of interests Med. 2006 Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print] No any potential conflicts of interest. 14. Gastpar M, Singer A, Zeller K. Comparative efficacy and safety of a once-daily dosage of hypericum extract STW3- Funding VI and citalopram in patients with moderate depression: a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled Self-funding study. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2006;39:66-75. 15. Fava M, Alpert J, Nierenberg AA, Mischoulon D, Otto MW, References Zajecka J, et al. A double-blind, randomized trial of St 1. Schulz H, Jobert M. The influence of hypericum extract John’s wort, fluoxetine, and placebo in major depressive on the sleep EEG in older volunteers [in German; English disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005;25:441-447. abstract]. Nervenheilkunde. 1993;12:323-327. 16. van Gurp G, Meterissian GB, Haiek LN, McCusker J, 2. Weber W, Vander Stoep A, McCarty RL, Weiss NS, Bie- Bellavance F. St John’s wort or sertraline? Randomized derman J, McClellan J. Hypericum perforatum (St John’s controlled trial in primary care. Can Fam Physician. wort) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in chil- 2002;48:905-912 dren and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2008;299:2633-2641. 17. Woelk H, Burkard G, Grunwald J. Benefits and risks of the hypericum extract LI 160: Drug monitoring study with 3. Wheatley D. Hypericum in seasonal affective disorder 3,250 patients. J Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol. 1994;7(suppl (SAD). Curr Med Res Opin. 1999;15:33-37. 1):S34-S38. 4. Kobak KA, Taylor LV, Warner G, Futterer R. St. John’s wort 18. DeMott K. St. John’s wort tied to serotonin syndrome. Clin- versus placebo in social phobia: results from a placebo- ical Psychiatry News. 1998;26:28. controlled pilot study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005;25:51- 19. Mason BJ, Blackburn KH. Possible serotonin syndrome asso- 58. ciated with tramadol and sertraline coadministration. Ann 5. Grube B, Walper A, Wheatley D. St. John’s Wort extract: Pharmacother. 1997;31:175-177. efficacy for menopausal symptoms of psychological origin. 20. Ferrara M, Mungai F, Starace F. St John’s wort (Hypericum Adv Ther. 1999;16:177-186. perforatum)-induced psychosis: a case report. J Med Case 6. Stevinson C, Ernst E. A pilot study of Hypericum perfora- Rep. 2017; 11: 137. tum for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. BJOG. 21. Gürok MG, Mermi O, Kılıç F. Psyhotic episode induced by 2000;107:870-876. St john’s wort: a case report. Journal of Mood Disorders 2014;4(1):38-40 7. Schempp M, Hezel S, Simon C. Topical treatment of Atopic dermatitis with Hypericum cream A randomised, placebo- controlled, double-blind half-side comparison study. Hau- tarzt. 2003;54:248-253. Can Sait Sevindik / International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports (2020) 4(4):114-115.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hyperforin Inhibits Cell Growth by Inducing Intrinsic and Extrinsic
    ANTICANCER RESEARCH 37 : 161-168 (2017) doi:10.21873/anticanres.11301 Hyperforin Inhibits Cell Growth by Inducing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells I-TSANG CHIANG 1,2,3* , WEI-TING CHEN 4* , CHIH-WEI TSENG 5, YEN-CHUNG CHEN 2,6 , YU-CHENG KUO 7, BI-JHIH CHEN 8, MAO-CHI WENG 9, HWAI-JENG LIN 10,11# and WEI-SHU WANG 2,12,13# Departments of 1Radiation Oncology, 6Pathology, and 13 Medicine, and 2Cancer Medical Care Center, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 3Department of Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 4Department of Psychiatry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 5Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 7Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 8Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua Christian Medical Foundation, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 9Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 10 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 11 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; 12 National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the (c-FLIP), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), antitumor effect and mechanism of action of hyperforin in myeloid cell leukemia 1(MCL1), and cyclin-D1] were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SK-Hep1 cells in vitro.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2013/142184 Al 26 September 2013 (26.09.2013) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2013/142184 Al 26 September 2013 (26.09.2013) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, A61K 33/16 (2006.01) A61K 31/7048 (2006.01) HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, A61K 33/14 (2006.01) A61K 31/70 (2006.01) KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, A61K 33/18 (2006.01) A61K 31/4196 (2006.01) ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, (21) International Application Number: RW, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, PCT/US20 13/030788 TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, (22) International Filing Date: ZM, ZW. 13 March 2013 (13.03.2013) (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (25) Filing Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, (26) Publication Language: English UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (30) Priority Data: TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, 61/612,689 19 March 2012 (19.03.2012) US EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, (71) Applicant: YALE UNIVERSITY [US/US]; Two Whitney TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, Avenue, New Haven, CT 065 10 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • St. John's Wort 2018
    ONLINE SERIES MONOGRAPHS The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products Hyperici herba St. John's Wort 2018 www.escop.com The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products HYPERICI HERBA St. John's Wort 2018 ESCOP Monographs were first published in loose-leaf form progressively from 1996 to 1999 as Fascicules 1-6, each of 10 monographs © ESCOP 1996, 1997, 1999 Second Edition, completely revised and expanded © ESCOP 2003 Second Edition, Supplement 2009 © ESCOP 2009 ONLINE SERIES ISBN 978-1-901964-61-5 Hyperici herba - St. John's Wort © ESCOP 2018 Published by the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Notaries House, Chapel Street, Exeter EX1 1EZ, United Kingdom www.escop.com All rights reserved Except for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review no part of this text may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher. Important Note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment may be required. In their efforts to provide information on the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs and herbal preparations, presented as a substantial overview together with summaries of relevant data, the authors of the material herein have consulted comprehensive sources believed to be reliable. However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors or publisher of the work herein, or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors nor the publisher, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for results obtained by the use of such information.
    [Show full text]
  • Synaptic Action of Anandamide and Related Substances in Mammalian Brain
    SYNAPTIC ACTION OF ANANDAMIDE AND RELATED SUBSTANCES IN MAMMALIAN BRAIN by Chengyong Liao M.Sc., Sichuan University, 1991 B.Sc., Sichuan University, 1984 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Inthe Department of Biological Sciences © Chengyong Liao 2007 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY 2007 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission ofthe author. APPROVAL Name: Chengyong Liao Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis: Synaptic Actions of Anandamide and Related Substances in Mammalian Brain Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Z. Punja Professor ofDepartment ofBiological Sciences, SFU. Dr. R. A. Nicholson Senior Supervisor Associate Professor ofDepartment ofBiological Sciences, SFU. Dr. C. J. Kennedy, Supervisor Associate Professor of Department ofBiological Sciences, SFU Dr. F. C. P. Law, Supervisor Professor ofDepartment ofBiological Sciences, SFU Dr. M. A. Silverman Public Examiner Associate Professor ofDepartment ofBiological Sciences, SFU Dr. J. Church External Examiner Professor ofDepartment ofCellular and Physiological Sciences, UBC Date Defended/Approved: 11 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or
    [Show full text]
  • Compositions and Methods for Selective Delivery of Oligonucleotide Molecules to Specific Neuron Types
    (19) TZZ ¥Z_T (11) EP 2 380 595 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 26.10.2011 Bulletin 2011/43 A61K 47/48 (2006.01) C12N 15/11 (2006.01) A61P 25/00 (2006.01) A61K 49/00 (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 10382087.4 A61K 51/00 (22) Date of filing: 19.04.2010 (84) Designated Contracting States: • Alvarado Urbina, Gabriel AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR Nepean Ontario K2G 4Z1 (CA) HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL • Bortolozzi Biassoni, Analia Alejandra PT RO SE SI SK SM TR E-08036, Barcelona (ES) Designated Extension States: • Artigas Perez, Francesc AL BA ME RS E-08036, Barcelona (ES) • Vila Bover, Miquel (71) Applicant: Nlife Therapeutics S.L. 15006 La Coruna (ES) E-08035, Barcelona (ES) (72) Inventors: (74) Representative: ABG Patentes, S.L. • Montefeltro, Andrés Pablo Avenida de Burgos 16D E-08014, Barcelon (ES) Edificio Euromor 28036 Madrid (ES) (54) Compositions and methods for selective delivery of oligonucleotide molecules to specific neuron types (57) The invention provides a conjugate comprising nucleuc acid toi cell of interests and thus, for the treat- (i) a nucleic acid which is complementary to a target nu- ment of diseases which require a down-regulation of the cleic acid sequence and which expression prevents or protein encoded by the target nucleic acid as well as for reduces expression of the target nucleic acid and (ii) a the delivery of contrast agents to the cells for diagnostic selectivity agent which is capable of binding with high purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Note: the Letters 'F' and 'T' Following the Locators Refers to Figures and Tables
    Index Note: The letters ‘f’ and ‘t’ following the locators refers to figures and tables cited in the text. A Acyl-lipid desaturas, 455 AA, see Arachidonic acid (AA) Adenophostin A, 71, 72t aa, see Amino acid (aa) Adenosine 5-diphosphoribose, 65, 789 AACOCF3, see Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl Adlea, 651 ketone (AACOCF3) ADP, 4t, 10, 155, 597, 598f, 599, 602, 669, α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin, 711t, 814–815, 890 553 ADPKD, see Autosomal dominant polycystic aa 723–928 fragment, 19 kidney disease (ADPKD) aa 839–873 fragment, 17, 19 ADPKD-causing mutations Aβ, see Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) PKD1 ABC protein, see ATP-binding cassette protein L4224P, 17 (ABC transporter) R4227X, 17 Abeele, F. V., 715 TRPP2 Abbott Laboratories, 645 E837X, 17 ACA, see N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic R742X, 17 acid (ACA) R807X, 17 Acetaldehyde, 68t, 69 R872X, 17 Acetic acid-induced nociceptive response, ADPR, see ADP-ribose (ADPR) 50 ADP-ribose (ADPR), 99, 112–113, 113f, Acetylcholine-secreting sympathetic neuron, 380–382, 464, 534–536, 535f, 179 537f, 538, 711t, 712–713, Acetylsalicylic acid, 49t, 55 717, 770, 784, 789, 816–820, Acrolein, 67t, 69, 867, 971–972 885 Acrosome reaction, 125, 130, 301, 325, β-Adrenergic agonists, 740 578, 881–882, 885, 888–889, α2 Adrenoreceptor, 49t, 55, 188 891–895 Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), Actinopterigy, 223 1023 Activation gate, 485–486 Aframomum daniellii (aframodial), 46t, 52 Leu681, amino acid residue, 485–486 Aframomum melegueta (Melegueta pepper), Tyr671, ion pathway, 486 45t, 51, 70 Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic Agelenopsis aperta (American funnel web syndrome (AML/MDS), 949 spider), 48t, 54 Acylated phloroglucinol hyperforin, 71 Agonist-dependent vasorelaxation, 378 Acylation, 96 Ahern, G.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment Report on Hypericum Perforatum L., Herba
    European Medicines Agency Evaluation of Medicines for Human Use London, 12 November 2009 Doc. Ref.: EMA/HMPC/101303/2008 COMMITTEE ON HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (HMPC) ASSESSMENT REPORT ON HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L., HERBA 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4HB, UK Tel. (44-20) 74 18 84 00 Fax (44-20) 75 23 70 51 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.emea.europa.eu © European Medicines Agency, 2009. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged TABLE OF CONTENTS I. REGULATORY STATUS OVERVIEW...................................................................................4 II. ASSESSMENT REPORT............................................................................................................5 II.1 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................6 II.1.1 Description of the herbal substance(s), herbal preparation(s) or combinations thereof 6 II.1.1.1 Herbal substance:........................................................................................................ 6 II.1.1.2 Herbal preparation(s): ................................................................................................ 7 II.1.1.3 Combinations of herbal substance(s) and/or herbal preparation(s)........................... 9 Not applicable. ................................................................................................................................9 II.1.1.4 Vitamin(s) ...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Serotonin Syndrome How to Avoid, Identify, &
    Serotonin syndrome How to avoid, identify, & As the list of serotonergic agents grows, recognizing hyperthermic states and potentially dangerous drug combinations is critical to our patients’ safety. 14 Current VOL. 2, NO. 5 / MAY 2003 p SYCHIATRY Current p SYCHIATRY treat dangerous drug interactions Harvey Sternbach, MD Clinical professor of psychiatry UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute Los Angeles, CA romptly identifying serotonin syn- drome and acting decisively can keep side effects at the mild end of the spec- Ptrum. Symptoms of this potentially dangerous syndrome range from minimal in patients starting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to fatal in those combining monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) with serotonergic agents. This article presents the latest evidence on how to: • reduce the risk of serotonin syndrome • recognize its symptoms • and treat patients with mild to life- threatening symptoms. WHAT IS SEROTONIN SYNDROME? Serotonin syndrome is characterized by changes in autonomic, neuromotor, and cognitive-behav- ioral function (Table 1) triggered by increased serotonergic stimulation. It typically results from pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic in- teractions between drugs that increase serotonin activity.1,2 continued VOL. 2, NO. 5 / MAY 2003 15 Serotonin Table 1 activity or reduced ability to How to recognize serotonin syndrome secrete endothelium-derived nitric oxide may diminish the System Clinical signs and symptoms ability to metabolize serotonin.2 Autonomic Diaphoresis, hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia, pupillary dilatation, nausea, POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS diarrhea, shivering COMBINATIONS Neuromotor Hyperreflexia, myoclonus, restlessness, MAOIs. Serotonin syndrome tremor, incoordination, rigidity, clonus, has been reported as a result of teeth chattering, trismus, seizures interactions between MAOIs— Cognitive-behavioral Confusion, agitation, anxiety, hypomania, including selegiline and insomnia, hallucinations, headache reversible MAO-A inhibitors (RIMAs)—and various sero- tonergic compounds.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2018/130682 Al 19 July 2018 (19.07.2018) W !P O PCT
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2018/130682 Al 19 July 2018 (19.07.2018) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: Published: C12P 7/22 (2006.0 1) C12P 17/06 (2006.0 1) — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) (21) International Application Number: PCT/EP20 18/050860 (22) International Filing Date: 15 January 2018 (15.01.2018) (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Language: English (30) Priority Data: 62/446,429 14 January 2017 (14.01.2017) US 62/524,239 23 June 2017 (23.06.2017) us 62/546,372 16 August 2017 (16.08.2017) us (71) Applicant: HERBOLEA S.R.L. [IT/IT]; Piazza Fra Giro- lamo Savonarola, 10, 50132 FIRENZE (IT). (72) Inventor: VENTURINI DEL GRECO, Giovanni; Via Carducci, 16, 50121 FIRENZE (IT). (74) Agent: ZACCARO, Elisabetta et al; NOTARBARTOLO & GERVASI S.P.A., Corso di Porta Vittoria 9, 20122 Mi- lano (IT). (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW,KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY,MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.
    [Show full text]
  • Transient Receptor Potential Channels As Drug Targets: from the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine
    1521-0081/66/3/676–814$25.00 http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/pr.113.008268 PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS Pharmacol Rev 66:676–814, July 2014 Copyright © 2014 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics ASSOCIATE EDITOR: DAVID R. SIBLEY Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Drug Targets: From the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine Bernd Nilius and Arpad Szallasi KU Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium (B.N.); and Department of Pathology, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey (A.S.) Abstract. ....................................................................................679 I. Transient Receptor Potential Channels: A Brief Introduction . ...............................679 A. Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily . .....................................682 B. Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily . .....................................686 C. Melastatin Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily . .....................................696 Downloaded from D. Ankyrin Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily .........................................700 E. Mucolipin Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily . .....................................702 F. Polycystic Transient Receptor Potential Subfamily . .....................................703 II. Transient Receptor Potential Channels: Hereditary Diseases (Transient Receptor Potential Channelopathies). ......................................................704
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2018/152334 Al 23 August 2018 (23.08.2018) W !P O PCT
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2018/152334 Al 23 August 2018 (23.08.2018) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: (US). YUCEL, Tuna; 28 Monmouth Avenue, Medford, A61K 9/107 (2006.01) A61K 31/352 (2006.01) MA 02155 (US). BOYLAN, Nicholas, J.; 215 Green A61K 47/26 (2006.01) A61K 9/48 (2006.01) Street, Boylston, MA 01505 (US). A61K 47/14 (2006.01) A61K 9/00 (2006.01) (74) Agent: EISENSCHENK, Frank, C. et al; Saliwanchik, A61K 31/05 (2006 .01) A61P 25/06 (2006 .0 1) Lloyd & Eisenschenk, P.O. Box 142950, Gainesville, FL (21) International Application Number: 32614-2950 (US). PCT/US2018/018382 (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (22) International Filing Date: kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, 15 February 2018 (15.02.2018) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (25) Filing Language: English DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, (26) Publication Language: English HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (30) Priority Data: MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, 62/459,086 15 February 2017 (15.02.2017) OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, 62/546,149 16 August 2017 (16.08.2017) SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY,TH, TJ, TM, TN, (71) Applicant: MOLECULAR INFUSIONS, LLC [US/US]; TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.
    [Show full text]
  • Elucidation of Anti-Inflammatory Constituents in Hypericum
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2008 Elucidation of anti-inflammatory constituents in Hypericum perforatum extracts and delineation of mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages Kimberly Dawn Petry Hammer Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Genetics and Genomics Commons Recommended Citation Hammer, Kimberly Dawn Petry, "Elucidation of anti-inflammatory constituents in Hypericum perforatum extracts and delineation of mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages" (2008). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15774. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15774 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Elucidation of anti-inflammatory constituents in Hypericum perforatum extracts and delineation of mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages by Kimberly Dawn Petry Hammer A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Genetics Program of Study Committee: Diane Birt, Major Professor Jeff Essner Marian Kohut Chris Tuggle Michael Wannemuehler Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2008 Copyright © Kimberly Dawn Petry Hammer, 2008. All rights reserved. 3337385 3337385 2009 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi ABBREVIATIONS vii LIST OF TABLES ix LIST OF FIGURES x ABSTRACT xi CHAPTER 1.
    [Show full text]